[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-advanced-grant-2009":3,"awarded-stats-erc-advanced-grant":1084},{"awarded":4,"total":1083},[5,16,21,27,34,39,44,50,55,62,69,76,82,88,93,98,104,110,116,122,128,134,139,146,151,157,162,167,172,177,182,187,192,197,202,207,213,218,223,228,234,240,245,250,254,259,264,270,276,281,287,293,299,304,310,317,322,328,333,338,343,350,355,360,366,370,374,379,384,388,393,397,402,407,412,418,423,427,431,437,442,448,454,459,465,470,477,482,488,494,499,504,509,514,519,524,529,534,540,547,552,557,562,567,572,578,582,587,592,597,601,606,611,615,619,624,630,636,641,646,652,656,662,667,673,679,684,689,694,700,706,712,717,722,727,732,738,743,750,755,759,764,769,775,780,786,791,796,801,805,811,817,823,829,834,838,844,850,855,859,864,869,875,881,886,890,894,900,905,910,915,919,924,929,934,940,946,952,958,964,969,974,980,985,990,997,1003,1009,1015,1021,1027,1033,1039,1045,1050,1055,1061,1067,1072,1077],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230310","European Research Council","ERC Advanced Grant","Traces of contact: Language contact studies and historical linguistics",null,"STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITEIT","NL",2009,"€2,499,950","This project aims to establish criteria by which results from language contact studies can be used to strengthen the field of historical linguistics. It does so by applying the scenario model for language contact studies to a number of concrete settings, which differ widely in their level of aggregation and dime depth: the languages of the Amazonian fringe in South America, the complex multilingual setting of the Republic of Suriname, the multilingual interaction of immigrant groups in the Nethe",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":19,"abstract":20},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227610","From Black Holes to Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays: Exploring the Extremes of the Universe with Low-Frequency Radio Interferometry","€3,460,000","Black holes (BHs) and ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are two extremes of the universe that link particle physics and astrophysics. BHs are the most efficient power generators in the universe while UHECRs are the most energetic particles ever detected. As we showed previously, a major fraction of the power of BHs is channeled into radio-emitting plasma jets, which are also efficient particle accelerators. Are BHs also responsible for UHECRs? This long-standing question could be answered s",{"id":22,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":23,"piName":10,"institution":24,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":26},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232944","Towards the Quantal Nature of Receptor\u002FcAMP Signals","JULIUS-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAT WURZBURG","DE","Most drugs act via cell surface receptors. Some receptors signal to ion channels, while others regulate 2nd messengers, most importantly cAMP. Ion channels can be resolved at the single channel level using patch clamp analysis",{"id":28,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":29,"piName":10,"institution":30,"country":31,"year":13,"amount":32,"abstract":33},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227844","Photonic Quantum Information Technology and the Foundations of Quantum Physics in Higher Dimensions","UNIVERSITAT WIEN","AT","€1,750,000","One of the most important developments in modern physics was the recent emergence of quantum information science, which by its very nature is broadly multidisciplinary. It was started by investigations of the foundations of quantum mechanics, and fundamental quantum concepts, most notably, entanglement, play a key role. We are now at an historic moment where a major qualitative step, both in developing a new technology and applying it to new fundamental questions, can be made. In this proposal, ",{"id":35,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":36,"piName":10,"institution":30,"country":31,"year":13,"amount":37,"abstract":38},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228140","Generalized Homological Mirror Symmetry and Applications","€1,060,800","Mirror symmetry arose originally in physics, as a duality between $N = 2$ superconformal field theories. Witten formulated a more mathematically accessible version, in terms of topological field theories. Both conformal and topological field theories can be defined axiomatically, but more interestingly, there are several geometric ways of constructing them.  A priori, the mirror correspondence is not unique, and it does not necessarily remain within a single class of geometric models. The classi",{"id":40,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":41,"piName":10,"institution":30,"country":31,"year":13,"amount":42,"abstract":43},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230604","The Syntax of the Mind: A Comparative Computational Approach","€1,957,598","Does a shared computational basis underlie human artistic and linguistic accomplishments? Why do humans create and enjoy orderly patterns in music and visual arts? Are the mechanisms involved uniquely human or shared with other species? This project explores the cognitive underpinnings of language, music & visual art in humans, directly comparing them with the pattern perception abilities of other animals.  The proposal is grounded in a rigorous, mathematically-based theoretical framework (forma",{"id":45,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":46,"piName":10,"institution":47,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":49},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228273","Mesoscopic Quantum Noise: from few electron statistics to shot noise based photon detection","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","FR","We propose innovative approaches to electronic quantum noise going from very fundamental topics addressing the quantum statistics of few electrons transferred through conductors to direct applications with the realization of new types of versatile broadband photon detectors based on photon-assisted shot noise. We will develop electron counting tools which will not only allow to full characterization of electron statistics but also open the way to new quantum interference experiments involving fe",{"id":51,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":52,"piName":10,"institution":47,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":53,"abstract":54},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228301","Modern Methods for Perturbative Gauge Theories","€961,080","Gauge theories are the basis of modern theories of high-energy physics. Perturbative calculations are crucial to developing our quantitative understanding of these theories, as well as seeking new and deeper structures in these theories. Precision higher-order calculations in the SU(3) component of the Standard Model, perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), will be crucial to understanding data at the CERN-based Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and finding and measuring physics beyond the standard",{"id":56,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":57,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":60,"abstract":61},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227058","Mathematical Modelling and Simulation of the Cardiovascular System","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE","CH","€1,810,992","This research project aims at the development, analysis and computer implementation of mathematical models of the cardiovascular system. Our goal is to describe and simulate the anatomic structure and the physiological response of the human cardiovascular system in healthy or diseased states.  This demands to address many fundamental issues. Blood flow interacts both mechanically and chemically with the vessel walls and tissue, giving rise to complex fluid-structure interaction problems. The mat",{"id":63,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":64,"piName":10,"institution":65,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":67,"abstract":68},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227355","Electron-scale dynamics in chemistry","POLITECNICO DI MILANO","IT","€2,446,200","The target of the proposal is the first experimental demonstration of attosecond coherent control of electron motion in many-particle systems. The past decade has seen remarkable advances in the field of coherent control of chemical reactions thanks to the application of femtosecond technology; I propose to use the emerging attosecond technology to achieve coherent control of photodissociation reactions on a purely electronic scale. I will mainly concentrate on molecules with biological interest",{"id":70,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":71,"piName":10,"institution":72,"country":73,"year":13,"amount":74,"abstract":75},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227690","Functionalisation of Diluted Magnetic Semiconductors","INSTYTUT FIZYKI POLSKIEJ AKADEMII NAUK","PL","€2,440,000","Low-temperature studies of transition metal doped III-V and II-VI compounds carried out over the last decade have demonstrated the unprecedented opportunity offered by these systems for exploring physical phenomena and device concepts in previously unavailable combinations of quantum structures and ferromagnetism in semiconductors.  The work proposed here aims at combining and at advancing epitaxial methods, spatially-resolved nano-characterisation tools, and theoretical modelling in order to un",{"id":77,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":78,"piName":10,"institution":79,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":80,"abstract":81},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232974","Cellular biology of virus infection","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","€2,498,400","Viruses are simple, obligatory, intracellular parasites that depend on the host cell for most of the steps in the replication cycle. Not only do they rely on the cells biosynthetic machinery, they exploit cellular processes for signaling, membrane trafficking, intra-cellular transport, nuclear import and export, molecular sorting, transcriptional regulation, etc. To access the full spectrum of host cell functions in the infection of three different viruses in an unbiased and systematic fashion, ",{"id":83,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":84,"piName":10,"institution":85,"country":10,"year":13,"amount":86,"abstract":87},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233174","Computations by Neurons and Populations in Visual Cortex","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON","€2,499,921","Neurons in primary visual cortex (area V1) receive feedforward inputs from thalamic afferents and lateral inputs from other cortical neurons. Little is known about how these components interact to determine the responses of a V1 neuron. One camp ascribes most responses to feedforward mechanisms. The other camp ascribes them mostly to lateral interactions.   We propose that these two apparently opposed views can be simply reconciled in a single framework. We hypothesize that area V1 can operate b",{"id":89,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":90,"piName":10,"institution":79,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":91,"abstract":92},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233157","Switching the structure-function relationship of proteins by mechanical forces: physiological and technological implications","€2,499,990","After a decade of new insights into single molecule mechanics, my key interests are now directed towards asking how (a) mechanical forces can alter the structure-function relationship of proteins and (b) whether such force-regulated structural alterations are of physiological significance. Since forces are applied by cells via the transmembrane integrin junctions to the extracellular matrix, my goal is to decipher how the extracellular matrix protein fibronectin, integrins, and cytoplasmic scaff",{"id":94,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":95,"piName":10,"institution":79,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":96,"abstract":97},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233226","Proteomics v3.0: Development, Implementation and Dissemination of a Third Generation Proteomics Technology","€2,400,000","Quantitative proteomics is a key technology for the life sciences in general and for systems biology in particular. So far, however, technical limitations have made it impossible to analyze the complete proteome of any species.  It is the general goal of this proposal to develop, implement, apply and disseminate a new proteomic strategy that has the potential to generate quantitative proteomic datasets at an unprecedented depth, throughput, accuracy and robustness. Specifically, the new technolo",{"id":99,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":100,"piName":10,"institution":101,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":102,"abstract":103},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227691","Quantum Opto-Electronics","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","€1,800,000","We propose to develop an opto-electronics interface between single-electron devices and single-photon optics. The ultimate limit in the miniaturization of electronics and photonics is at the nanometer scale. Here the signal level can be controlled at the fundamental level of a single electron for electricity and a single photon for light. These limits are actively being pursued for scientific interest with possible applications in the new area of quantum information science. Yet, these efforts o",{"id":105,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":106,"piName":10,"institution":107,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":108,"abstract":109},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230331","Production and perception of emotion: An affective sciences approach","UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE","€2,371,331","Emotion is a prime example of the complexity of human mind and behaviour, a psychobiological mechanism shaped by language and culture, which has puzzled scholars in the humanities and social sciences over the centuries. In an effort to reconcile conflicting theoretical traditions, we advocate a componential approach which treats event appraisal, motivational shifts, physiological responses, motor expression, and subjective feeling as dynamically interrelated and integrated components during emot",{"id":111,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":112,"piName":10,"institution":113,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":114,"abstract":115},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233161","Next Generation in-vivo imaging platform for post-genome biology and medicine","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€1,999,992","With re-defined challenges in post-genome biology and medicine related to understanding the regulation and function of genes, proteins and multi-factorial disease, the development of accelerated and quantitative in-vivo observation of functional -omics at different system levels becomes a vital target. This proposal offers to develop therefore a next-generation biomedical imaging platform, designed to radically impact biomedical and drug discovery applications. The imaging strategy aims at resol",{"id":117,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":118,"piName":10,"institution":119,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":120,"abstract":121},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226600","Past Continental Climate Change: Temperatures from marine and lacustrine archives","STICHTING KONINKLIJK NEDERLANDS INSTITUUT VOOR ZEEONDERZOEK (NIOZ)","€2,498,040","Global climate change is a topic of major interest as it has a large impact on human societies. Computer models used to predict directions of future climate change are validated by means of retrospective analysis of past climate changes. Detailed reconstruction of past climates, especially temperature, is, therefore, of considerable importance. Several tools (proxies) are available to reconstruct absolute sea surface temperatures. Continental temperature reconstructions, however, are hampered by",{"id":123,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":124,"piName":10,"institution":125,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":126,"abstract":127},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232914","Systems Biology to understand Plant Architecture","WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY","€2,240,000","Extensive feedback between gene expression state and the cellular environment yields  tangled hierarchies . This lack of strictly hierarchical control mechanisms poses a challenge to developmental biologists: the outcome of interaction networks with extensive feedbacks is not intuitive and must be analyzed with analytical tools. Here, I propose a combination of experimental and theoretical approaches to study control mechanisms of plant architecture and their emergent properties. The plant hormo",{"id":129,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":130,"piName":10,"institution":131,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":133},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230279","Towards Open Societies? Trends, Variations and Driving Forces of Intergenerational Social Mobility in Europe over the Past Three Centuries","UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT","€1,921,128","Have our societies become more meritocratic, in the sense of more  open , more  fluid ? And if so, why, since when, and how quickly? We answer these points by studying intergenerational social mobility during the past 300 years. More precisely, we compare the social class positions of children with those of their parents in various epochs, countries, and within countries in various regions, and relate these associations to the institutional contexts of the societies and to notable characteristic",{"id":135,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":136,"piName":10,"institution":131,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":137,"abstract":138},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233229","The molecular complexity of the complement system","€1,700,000","The complement system is a regulatory pathway in mammalian plasma that enables the host to recognize and clear invading pathogens and altered host cells, while protecting healthy host tissue. This regulatory system consists of ~30 large multi-domain plasma and cell-surface proteins, that act in concert through an interplay of proteolysis and complex formations on target membranes. We study the molecular events on membranes that ensure initiation and amplification of the response, protection of h",{"id":140,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":141,"piName":10,"institution":142,"country":143,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":145},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233047","Biomolecular computers","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","IL","€2,125,980","Autonomous programmable computing devices made of biological molecules hold the promise of interacting with the biological environment in future biological and medical applications. Our laboratory's long-term objective is to develop a 'Doctor in a cell': molecular-sized device that can roam the body, equipped with medical knowledge. It would diagnose a disease by analyzing the data available in its biochemical environment based on the encoded medical knowledge and treat it by releasing the appro",{"id":147,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":148,"piName":10,"institution":142,"country":143,"year":13,"amount":149,"abstract":150},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232835","Can immune system rejuvenation restore age-related memory loss?","€1,650,000","With increased life expectancy, there has been a critical growth in the portion of the population that suffers from age-related cognitive decline and dementia. Attempts are therefore being made to find ways to slow brain-aging processes; successful therapies would have a significant impact on the quality of life of individuals, and decrease healthcare expenditures. Aging of the immune system has never been suggested as a factor in memory loss.  My group formulated the concept of  protective auto",{"id":152,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":153,"piName":10,"institution":154,"country":143,"year":13,"amount":155,"abstract":156},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229418","Reconstructing Ancient (Biblical) Israel: The Exact and Life Sciences Perspective","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€2,976,188","The study of Ancient Israel s (hereafter AI) texts (the Hebrew Bible), material culture and history has been a keystone of European scholarship since the Enlightenment. Biblical exegesis and archaeology contributed impressively to our understanding of AI, yet in certain areas conventional research has reached a stalemate. With very few real-time historical records, with the biblical testimony written a long time after the events described (if not mythical) took place, and with the theological ag",{"id":158,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":159,"piName":10,"institution":142,"country":143,"year":13,"amount":160,"abstract":161},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233005","Variability and Robustness in Bio-molecular systems","€2,200,000","Cells process information using biochemical networks of interacting proteins and genes. We wish to understand the principles that guide the design of such networks. In particular, we are interested in the interplay between variability, inherent to biological systems, and the precision of cellular computing. To better understand this interplay, we will: (1) Characterize the extent of gene expression variability and define its genetic determinants, (2) Reveal how variability is buffered and (3) De",{"id":163,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":164,"piName":10,"institution":142,"country":143,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":166},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227716","Statistics of Fractionally Charged Quasi-Particles","€2,000,000","The discovery of the fractional quantum Hall effect created a revolution in solid state research by introducing a new state of matter resulting from strong electron interactions.  The new state is characterized by excitations (quasi-particles) that carry fractional charge, which are expected to obey fractional statistics.  While odd denominator fractional states are expected to have an abelian statistics, the newly discovered 5\u002F2 even denominator fractional state is expected to have a non-abelia",{"id":168,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":169,"piName":10,"institution":142,"country":143,"year":13,"amount":170,"abstract":171},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232640","Imaging regulatory pathways of angiogenesis","€2,278,344","Homeostasis of multicellular tissues relies on accurate match of vascular supply and drain to the needs of the tissue. Multiple pathways are involved in detection, signalling and execution of the required steps involved in organization of blood and lymphatic vessels during embryonic development. Similar mechanisms are utilized for overcoming changes in tissue requirements also in adult tissues and in pathological processes. The goal of this work is to reveal the dynamic forces that shape the blo",{"id":173,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":174,"piName":10,"institution":142,"country":143,"year":13,"amount":175,"abstract":176},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227631","Liberating Programming","€2,102,958","We propose to provide the theoretical, algorithmic and methodological foundations, and build the supporting tools, to bring about a major, paradigmatic, revolutionary change in the way software and systems are programmed and executed, based on the idea of liberated programming, a sweeping extension of the scenario-based play-in\u002Fplay-out approach to program design and execution that I and my group have done around the language of live sequence charts (LSCs). Play-in is a new way of software progr",{"id":178,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":179,"piName":10,"institution":180,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":181},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226257","Fundamental groups, etale and motivic, local systems, Hodge theory  and rational points","FREIE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN","From the viewpoint of geometric classification, there are two extreme cases of smooth varieties X defined over an algebraically closed field: those which are hyperbolic, and those which are rationally connected.  If k is no longer algebraically closed, a central question of Algebraic Arithmetic Geometry is what properties of k force  X to have a rational point in those two opposed cases.   It is conjectured (Lang-Manin, extended by Kollár), that rationally connected varieties have a rational poi",{"id":183,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":184,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":186},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232937","Anaerobic ammonium oxidizing bacteria: unique prokayotes with exceptional properties","€2,500,000","For over a century it was believed that ammonium could only be oxidized by microbes in the presence of oxygen. The possibility of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) was considered impossible. However, about 10 years ago the microbes responsible for the anammox reaction were discovered in a wastewater plant. This was followed by the identification of the responsible bacteria. Recently, the widespread environmental occurrence of the anammox bacteria was demonstrated leading to the realization ",{"id":188,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":189,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":190,"abstract":191},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227612","River networks as ecological corridors for biodiversity, populations and waterborne disease (RINEC)","€1,146,200","The proposal hinges on the noteworthy scientific perspectives provided by ecohydrological studies  of river basins,seen as a natural laboratory for complex system perspectives integrating hydrologic, ecological and geomorphological dynamics. Moving from morphological and functional analyses of dendritic geometries  observed in Nature over a wide range of scales,my claim is that essential processes sustaining human life and societies taking place along  dendritic structures can be predicted.  Pop",{"id":193,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":194,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":195,"abstract":196},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232790","A System Approach to Hox Genes Regulation in Vertebrates","€2,418,000","The aim of this grant is to understand the relationships between genomic topology and the control of transcription, using the HoxD locus as a paradigm. We will take a system approach in the mouse, combining tools of genetics, evolutionary genomics and biochemistry to try and model various modes of large-scale gene regulations occurring during development. The results will tell us about the mechanistic bases of global gene regulation and how such regulations evolved, by integrating these mechanis",{"id":198,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":199,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":200,"abstract":201},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228021","Error-correcting codes and their applications in Science and Engineering","€1,959,998","Error correcting codes are combinatorial objects which have traditionally been used to enhance the transmission of data on unreliable media. They have experienced a phenomenal growth since their birth some fifty years ago. Today, everyday tasks such as listening to a CD, accessing the hard disk of an electronic device, talking on a wireless phone, or downloading files from the Internet are impossible without the use of error-correcting codes. Though traditional communication still occupies cente",{"id":203,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":204,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":205,"abstract":206},"cordis-european-research-council-award-231138","Phenogenomics of sirtuin corepressor family","€2,485,000","By modulating the activity of transcription factors, cofactors influence cellular and organismal metabolic pathways. Recently the role of the sirtuin cofactor gene family received a lot of attention in this context, as their beneficial impact on longevity was linked to effects on metabolic control. Most sirtuins catalyze deacetylation reactions that are tightly linked to cellular energy (NAD+) levels. To ascertain the tissue-specific contributions of sirtuins in metabolism, we propose here to: 1",{"id":208,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":209,"piName":10,"institution":210,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":212},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228074","Atomic-Level Physics of Advanced Materials","KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLAN","SE","Most of the technological materials have been developed by very expensive and cumbersome trial and error methods. On the other hand, computer based theoretical design of advanced materials is an area where rapid and extensive developments are taking place. Within my group new theoretical tools have now been established which are extremely well suited to the study of complex materials. In this approach basic quantum mechanical theories are used to describe fundamental properties of alloys and com",{"id":214,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":215,"piName":10,"institution":210,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":216,"abstract":217},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226203","Approximation of NP-hard optimization problems","€2,376,000","The proposed project aims to create a center of excellence that aims at understanding the approximability of NP-hard optimization problems.  In particular, for central problems like vertex cover, coloring of graphs, and various constraint satisfaction problems we want to study upper and lower bounds on how well they can be approximated in polynomial time.  Many existing strong results are based on what is known as the Unique Games Conjecture (UGC) and a significant part of the project will be de",{"id":219,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":220,"piName":10,"institution":210,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":221,"abstract":222},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228229","Open silicon based research platform for emerging devices","€1,999,500","The OSIRIS proposal will address the crucial and ultimately strategic area for the future emerging nanoelectronics, i.e. how structures and devices actually will be fabricated as physical dimensions approaches a few nanometer minimum feature size. The project title is  Open silicon based research platform for emerging devices  and indicates that many of the future emerging devices will be based on a silicon fabrication base platform but may not be fully based on silicon as the active semiconduct",{"id":224,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":225,"piName":10,"institution":210,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":226,"abstract":227},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227952","Astrophysical Dynamos","€2,220,000","Magnetic fields in stars, planets, accretion discs, and galaxies are believed to be the result of a dynamo process converting kinetic energy into magnetic energy. This work focuses on the solar dynamo, but dynamos in other astrophysical systems will also be addressed. In particular, direct high-resolution three-dimensional simulations are used to understand particular aspects of the solar dynamo and ultimately to simulate the solar dynamo as a whole. Phenomenological approaches will be avoided i",{"id":229,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":230,"piName":10,"institution":231,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":232,"abstract":233},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226172","Modern Approaches to Temperature Reconstructions in polar Ice Cores","UNIVERSITAET BERN","€2,100,000","The recent anthropogenic global warming makes a detailed knowledge of variations in the Earth climate system and of the coupling processes between climate and biogeochemical cycles of pressing importance. Studies of climate changes in the past represent a vital part of climate change research which is essential to assess the current warming against the background of natural climate variability. Due to strong limitations in direct observations, climate reconstructions for the past can only be ach",{"id":235,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":236,"piName":10,"institution":237,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":238,"abstract":239},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227010","Smart Structured Rotating Reactors","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN","€1,999,833","This ERC Grant proposal aims at internationally highly recognized scientific and technological breakthroughs in the understanding, design and operation of Smart Structured Rotating Reactors for the production of high-grade chemicals. Novel reactor types as the multiple spinning disks reactor and the rotating foam reactor will be developed.  The use of smart designs of rotating structured (catalytic) packings in multiphase reactors will be an extremely innovative and exciting new research area in",{"id":241,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":242,"piName":10,"institution":237,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":243,"abstract":244},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230517","(Euphoria): Emerging Urban Futures and Opportune Repertoires  of Individual Adaptation","€2,461,681","Activity-based analysis and modelling has rapidly gained momentum in transportation, urban planning, and geography. It examines which activities are conducted where, when, for how long, with whom, and the transport mode and route involved at a very fine scale of spatial and temporal resolution. All currently operational models are concerned with daily activity-travel patterns and do not consider any dynamics, illustrating the limitations of current approaches.   This proposal reflects the ambiti",{"id":246,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":247,"piName":10,"institution":248,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":249},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233285","Discovery of Type 2 Diabetes Targets","KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET","This proposal is focused on the identification and biological validation of the metabolic pathways and key regulatory genes that control insulin sensitivity in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We are focusing on skeletal muscle because it is quantitatively the most important tissue involved in maintaining glucose homeostasis under insulin-stimulated conditions and it is a major site of insulin resistance in T2DM. Our central hypothesis is that alterations in insulin signal transduction to glucos",{"id":251,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":252,"piName":10,"institution":248,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":160,"abstract":253},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232989","Dissecting the transcriptional mechanisms controlling growth during normal development and cancer","The main scientific questions addressed in this proposal relate to the understanding of molecular mechanisms of growth control and cancer through the combined use of high-throughput technologies and computational biology. We aim to create a systems-level understanding of the cell cycle, and its regulation by physiological growth factors and oncogenes through the use high-throughput biology to identify all or the majority of genes that are essential for cell cycle progression, and by combining th",{"id":255,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":256,"piName":10,"institution":248,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":257,"abstract":258},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232745","Metabolic control by the TGF-² superfamily receptor ALK7: A novel regulator of insulin secretion, fat accumulation and energy balance","€2,462,154","The aim of this proposal is to understand a novel regulatory signaling network controlling insulin secretion, fat accumulation and energy balance centered around selected components of the TGF-² signaling system, including Activins A and B, GDF-3 and their receptors ALK7 and ALK4. Recent results from my laboratory indicate that these molecules are part of paracrine signaling networks that control important functions in pancreatic islets and adipose tissue through feedback inhibition and feed-for",{"id":260,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":261,"piName":10,"institution":248,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":262,"abstract":263},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232675","Identification of a new mechanism of stem cell self-renewal; direct implications on self-repair and tumor initiating cells in the brain","€2,492,593","The self-renewing nature of stem cells is a consequence of their ability to proliferate indefinitely while maintaining pluripotency. Mechanisms of pluripotency are well known but mechanisms controlling stem cell proliferation are unknown. Proliferation of somatic cells takes place in G1 cell cycle phase. We have identified that embryonic and peripheral neural stem cell proliferation is regulated by an entirely new mechanism involving chromatin remodeling and operating in the S\u002FG2 phase of the ce",{"id":265,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":266,"piName":10,"institution":267,"country":268,"year":13,"amount":96,"abstract":269},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233312","Targeting Receptors Of Jointly Assembled Ligand-Drug Constructs","AARHUS UNIVERSITET","DK","The TROJA proposal is an investigative bioengineering study of the exploitation of specific endocytic receptors for targeting small molecule drugs to specific cells in order to improve medical therapy. This is a new approach with scientific roots in the basic research on endocytic receptors and protein expression carried out in the laboratory of the applicant. The major line of the proposal concerns the construction of combinatory drugs for targeting the haptoglobin (Hp)-hemoglobin receptor CD16",{"id":271,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":272,"piName":10,"institution":273,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":274,"abstract":275},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232932","microRNAs in vascular homeostasis","JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE-UNIVERSITAET FRANKFURT AM MAIN","€2,375,394","Despite improved therapy, cardiovascular diseases remain the most prevalent diseases in the European Union and the incidence is rising due to increased obesity and ageing. The fine-tuned regulation of vascular functions is essential not only for preventing atherosclerotic diseases, but also after tissue injury, where the coordinated growth and maturation of new blood vessels provides oxygen and nutrient supply. On the other hand, excessive vessel growth or the generation of immature, leaky vesse",{"id":277,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":278,"piName":10,"institution":273,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":279,"abstract":280},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229921","Regulating Retail Finance","€1,329,840","The proposed research falls into the fields of microeconomic theory and finance. The research team will develop novel modeling approaches that are suitable to study the scope and nature of (optimal) regulation in the retail financial industry, serving private households  investment, savings and borrowing needs. Next to this, there is also the goal to use a rich set of locally available data that allows testing many of the developed hypotheses. The core part of the research draws on and contribut",{"id":282,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":283,"piName":10,"institution":284,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":285,"abstract":286},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233458","Organelle homeostasis: How are membrane fission and fusion machineries coordinated to regulate size and copy number of a lysosomal compartment?","UNIVERSITE DE LAUSANNE","€2,310,000","Yeast vacuoles (lysosomes) will serve as an excellent model system: Vacuoles change copy number and size in the cell cycle and upon shifts of media; due to their large diameter (up to 5 µm) these changes can be assayed by fluorescence microscopy and are amenable to genetic screening. Moreover, an in vitro system for vacuole fusion exists and we recently succeeded in reconstituting also cell-free vacuole fission with purified organelles.  We will first build an experimental toolkit for vacuole fi",{"id":288,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":289,"piName":10,"institution":290,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":292},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228064","Dynamics of volcanoes and their impact on the environment and society","UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL","UK","Active volcanoes threaten 500 million people and vulnerability is increasing due to population growth, globalisation and increasing environmental stresses. The project will investigate key topics that will provide the understanding to increase societal risk and reduce vulnerability of communities. The project will: investigate how volcanoes work focussing on the nature and dynamics of magma chambers; construct a global database on volcanic hazards and risk; and develop new approaches to assessme",{"id":294,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":295,"piName":10,"institution":296,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":297,"abstract":298},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226037","Nonlinear System Identification and Analysis in the Time, Frequency, and Spatio-Temporal Domains","THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD","€1,947,104","Recent advances in biology, neuro-imaging, the observation of space by satellites, and many other disciplines has lead to an explosion of data and it is now absolutely imperative that a theoretical framework is developed that can be used to analyse this data to identify system dynamic behaviours in a transparent manner to reveal core dynamic behaviours and features. Complex nonlinear behaviours are ubiquitous in the life sciences, neuro-imaging and many other domains but the problems that these ",{"id":300,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":301,"piName":10,"institution":302,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":303},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227897","Molecular Motors - Controlling movement at the nanoscale","RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN","The design of artificial molecular motors and machines is one of the major challenges in contemporary molecular sciences and bottom-up molecular nanotechnology. Whereas the protein-based molecular motors found in the living cell are amongst the most fascinating and complex structures found in nature and crucial to nearly every key biological process, the field of synthetic linear and rotary motors is still in its infancy. In a broader context moving molecular sciences from the current situation ",{"id":305,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":306,"piName":10,"institution":307,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":308,"abstract":309},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230374","Genetics of Mental Illness","STICHTING VU","€2,466,923","Mental disorders put a great burden on society and their impact on personal life can be devastating. Most mental disorders begin in childhood or adolescence and co-occur with somatic disease. In children, the most common problems are ADHD and anxious\u002Fdepression and these problems often co-occur with additional behavioral and emotional problems. In adults, depression is the major mental disorder. It frequently co-occurs with anxiety disorders, substance abuse, migraine, cardiovascular disease and",{"id":311,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":312,"piName":10,"institution":313,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":315,"abstract":316},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230561","Origins and spread of agriculture in the south-western Mediterranean region","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","ES","€1,545,169","This project focuses on one of the most fascinating events of the long history of the human species: the origins and spread of agriculture. Research over the past 40 years has provided an invaluable dataset on crop domestication and the spread of agriculture into Europe. However, despite the enormous advances in research there are important areas that remain almost unexplored, some of immense interest. This is the case of the western Mediterranean region from where our knowledge is still limited",{"id":318,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":319,"piName":10,"institution":313,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":320,"abstract":321},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229703","Knowledge, heresy and political culture in the Islamic West. Eighth-fifteenth centuries","€1,000,000","The aim of the project Knowledge, heresy and political culture in the Islamic west (eighth-fifteenth centuries) is twofold:  1) To publish (both in paper and online) a work of reference on the intellectual production of the Islamic West (eighth-fifteenth centuries) including bio-bibliographical information on authors and works (manuscripts, editions, translations and studies). 2) On the basis of the material collected in such work of reference, to publish a monograph under the title Knowledge, h",{"id":323,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":324,"piName":10,"institution":325,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":326,"abstract":327},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227943","Synthetic Molecules that Walk Down Tracks: The First Small-Molecule Linear Motors","THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","€2,256,401","The goal of this research project is to make the first synthetic small-molecule structures that can walk down tracks, mimicking the types of movement exhibited by the biological motor proteins myosin, kinesin and dynein. We propose to construct the first synthetic, mechanically processive, chemical systems from first principles; i.e. to design, synthesize, operate and characterize wholly synthetic small molecule structures that progressively advance directionally along a molecular  track  in res",{"id":329,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":330,"piName":10,"institution":325,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":331,"abstract":332},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233263","Novel strategies for the cell therapy of muscular dystrophies","€1,900,000","This project aims to develop an effective cell therapy for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). To reach this goal we plan to transfer a human artificial  chromosome containing the whole dystrophin locus into dystrophic mesoangioblasts. As the transfer is inefficient and requires selection, it is impossible to use primary cells that would undergo senescence during selection. Therefore we need to reversibly immortalize DMD patient mesoangioblasts by the combined use of lentiviral vectors expressing",{"id":334,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":335,"piName":10,"institution":325,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":336,"abstract":337},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227947","Large European Array for Pulsars","€2,455,285","In general relativity and other relativistic theories of gravity, space and time are combined to form ``space-time'' which is curved in the presence of mass. As masses move, for instance like the two components in a binary system, ripples in space-time are created that propagate through the Universe, very much like waves caused by a stone falling into a pond. These ``gravitational waves'' (GWs) are known to exist from the effect that they have on a system of two orbiting stars. After inferring t",{"id":339,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":340,"piName":10,"institution":47,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":341,"abstract":342},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228261","Sparse Representation of Multivalued Images: Application in Astrophysics","€2,268,600","Modern imaging instruments generally provide multi-value datasets, which means that for a given image pixel, we do not only have one measurement (such as the intensity) but a set of ancillary data. This could be information on color, but in general this extra data set can also be much more complex. The proposed interdisciplinary project intends to develop the next generation of sparse representation methods for complex multi-valued astronomical data in order  to probe the fine structure and extr",{"id":344,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":345,"piName":10,"institution":346,"country":347,"year":13,"amount":348,"abstract":349},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227680","Deep mm-Wave RF-CMOS Integrated Circuits","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","BE","€2,042,640","Wireless and mobile communication systems have become an important part of our daily environment. Since the introduction of the GSM-network in the early nineties, different wireless applications such as WiFi, Bluetooth, GPS, etc. have been brought into the market. This has become possible due to the high integration of integrated circuits in relatively cheap technologies. Besides the digital signal processing, those wireless applications require complex analog circuits operating at very high fre",{"id":351,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":352,"piName":10,"institution":346,"country":347,"year":13,"amount":353,"abstract":354},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227224","Probing Stellar Physics and Testing Stellar Evolution through Asteroseismology","€2,491,200","Our goal is to achieve a physical description of stellar interiors with an order of magnitude better precision in the physical quantities than we have now. We will concentrate on three outstanding critical issues in current stellar structure theory and solve them through a novel approach termed asteroseismology. 1. We will obtain a quantitative estimate of the amount of convective mixing and of the internal rotation profile for a broad range of stellar masses and evolutionary states, with specif",{"id":356,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":357,"piName":10,"institution":296,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":358,"abstract":359},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230287","Consumer culture in an age of anxiety: political and moral economies of food","€1,684,460","Food safety and security are high priority issues throughout Europe at present, the subject of intense government concern, public interest, media speculation and academic scrutiny. With few exceptions, academic research on food has been fragmented with too little interaction between food scientists, health researchers and social scientists. This application builds on the success of a recently completed research programme (Changing Families, Changing Food, 2005-8) which brought together an inter-",{"id":361,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":362,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":364,"abstract":365},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230261","Islamic Law materialized: Arabic legal documents (8th to 15th century) (ILM)","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€1,023,021","The project examines edited and unedited Arabic legal documents from a new comparative perspective. Documents, immediate manifestations of legal practice, were instruments to assure subjective rights of persons for whom the copy had been issued. Most studies on early Islamic legal practice however focus on literary sources (notarial manuals, responsae, juridical treaties) and neglect documents mainly for two reasons: 1) cursive handwriting and technical language render their deciphering difficul",{"id":367,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":368,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":369},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232971","Population phylogenomics: linking molecular evolution to species biology","The aim of the PopPhyl project is to characterize the population genetic environment of many representative plant and animal species, in order to elucidate which biological and ecological factors determine molecular evolutionary processes - we want to know why genomes evolve the way they evolve. We will establish predictions about the influence of ecological (population size, varying environment) and genetical (mating systems, life cycle, mutation rate) variables on comparative genomic patterns ",{"id":371,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":372,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":373},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226837","NEW GOALS AND DIRECTIONS FOR OBSERVATIONAL GLOBAL SEISMOLOGY","One of the major paradoxes in the geosciences is the contrast between the geochemical evidence for limited mass-exchange between lower and upper mantle, and the geophysical arguments for significant mass exchange, needed to prevent the mantle from melting in the geological past. Seismic tomography, when ultimately combined with geodynamical modeling, needs to provide estimates of present-day flux. Indeed, tomography has shown evidence for slabs penetrating into the lower mantle; but no quantitat",{"id":375,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":376,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":377,"abstract":378},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230313","Cracking the orthographic code","€2,223,513","The proposed research is designed to test a new theory of orthographic processing - that is a theory about how information concerning letter identity and letter position is encoded during reading. The theory is couched within a general framework for word recognition that makes a critical distinction between a coarse-grained orthographic code that provides a fast-track to semantics, and a fine-grained orthographic code that is used to generate a prelexical phonological code, hence providing the c",{"id":380,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":381,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":382,"abstract":383},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226424","PARticle accelerators with Intense lasers for Science (PARIS)","€2,250,000","Particle and radiation beams are commonly used in our daily life. For example, accelerated electrons are deflected in the cathode tube of televisions or computer screens. X rays are routinely used for non destructive material or body inspection, for example to check human bodies (to visualize tumour cells, dental caries and osseous fractures) or to increase the safety of travellers by inspecting their luggage. Ionizing radiations are efficiently used in radiotherapy to cure cancer by damaging ir",{"id":385,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":386,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":387},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233339","Unraveling the code of DNA replication origins and its link with cell identity","DNA replication origins remain poorly defined in metazoans, in contrast to bacteria or S. cerevisiae. We believe that, in eukaryotes, a differential encoding of chromosomes by DNA replication origins is instrumental for the acquisition of cell identity during development. We wish to decipher this encoding, to determine whether it is linked to gene expression, and identify the mechanisms used to build a replication origin. First, we will unravel the origins code in mouse undifferentiated pluripot",{"id":389,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":390,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":391,"abstract":392},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232942","Nano-Scale Organization Dynamics and Functions of Synapses: from single molecule tracking to the physiopathology of excitatory synaptic transmission","€3,100,000","Synapses are arguably the most elaborate signaling machine of cells.  This complex intercellular junction is specialized for rapid (millisecond) directional signaling.  In addition, synapses change in response to patterns of neural activity and these changes can endure, modifying neuronal circuitry.  These competing properties of persistence and plasticity must be encoded by the precise content and arrangement of molecules that comprise the presynaptic and postsynaptic specializations.   The obj",{"id":394,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":395,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":160,"abstract":396},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232947","Polycomb in development, genome regulation and cancer","Polycomb group (PcG) and trithorax group (trxG) genes were discovered in Drosophila melanogaster as repressors and activators of Hox genes, a set of transcription factors that specify the antero-posterior axis of the body plan. PcG and trxG proteins form multimeric complexes that are required to maintain their expression state after the initial transcriptional regulators disappear from the embryo. Subsequent work led to a better understanding of their mechanisms of action. Moreover, PcG and trxG",{"id":398,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":399,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":400,"abstract":401},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229441","Context, Content, and Compositionality","€1,144,706","Over the past fifteen years, I have argued that the effects of context on content go well beyond what is standardly acknowledged in semantics. This view is sometimes referred to as  Contextualism  or (more technically)  Truth-Conditional Pragmatics  (TCP). The key idea is that the effects of context on content need not be traceable to the linguistic material in the uttered sentence. Some effects are due to the linguistic material (e.g. to context-sensitive words or morphemes which trigger the se",{"id":403,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":404,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":405,"abstract":406},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228177","Atomic Fermi Gases in Lower Dimensions","€2,050,000","The complex interplay between Coulomb repulsion and Fermi statistics in two dimensional systems is responsible for some of the most dramatic phenomena encountered in solid state physics (High critical temperature superfluidity, Fractional Quantum Hall Effect,..). However, despite decades of efforts, many questions regarding these systems are still unsolved.  In FERLODIM, we plan to take advantage of recent progress in ultracold gases, to simulate several fundamental Hamiltonians describing these",{"id":408,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":409,"piName":10,"institution":363,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":410,"abstract":411},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226846","Cosmochemical Exploration of the first two Million Years of the Solar System","€1,270,419","One of the major outcomes of recent studies on the formation of the Solar System is the reconnaissance of the fundamental importance of processes which took place during the first 10 thousands to 2 or 3 millions years of the lifetime of the Sun and its accretion disk. Astrophysical observations in the optical to infrared wavelengths of circumstellar disks around young stars have shown the existence in the inner disk of high-temperature processing of the dust. X-ray observations of T-Tauri stars ",{"id":413,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":414,"piName":10,"institution":415,"country":416,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":417},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229700","Between Restoration and Revolution, National Constitutions and Global Law: an Alternative View on the European Century 1815-1914","HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO","FI","The point of departure of this project is that a good part of the present deficit of legitimacy of European institutions emerges from a deeply ahistoric view of Europe s past. Consequently, there is an urgent need for a more realistic history that rejects any teleological understanding of Europe as a self-propelling project on steady march towards a predetermined goal. The fragility of European peace and progress needs to be highlighted. The theoretical foundation of Europe in teleological moder",{"id":419,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":420,"piName":10,"institution":415,"country":416,"year":13,"amount":421,"abstract":422},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232826","Ecological, molecular, and evolutionary spatial dynamics","€2,478,999","The study of wild populations will benefit of increasing integration of ecological, molecular, genetic, and evolutionary approaches. The Glanville fritillary butterfly has a classic metapopulation in a network of 4,000 habitat patches in the Åland Islands, Finland, within an area of 50 by 70 km, across which population surveys have been conducted since 1993. Taking advantage of the opportunity to sample a few larvae from full-sib groups of gregarious larvae in hundreds of local populations, this",{"id":424,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":425,"piName":10,"institution":415,"country":416,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":426},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232635","Epigenome and Cancer Susceptibility","Early detection is crucial for the outcome of most cancers. Prevention of cancer development is even more desirable. To facilitate these ultimate goals we aim to construct a comprehensive view of the stepwise process through which common human cancers, such as colorectal cancer, arise. In particular, we aim to identify novel mechanisms of cancer susceptibility by focusing on the epigenome, whose alterations may underlie several phenomena related to chronic adult-onset disease that are not explai",{"id":428,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":429,"piName":10,"institution":415,"country":416,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":430},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227463","Atmospheric nucleation: from molecular to global scale","Atmospheric aerosol particles and trace gases affect the quality of our life in many ways (e.g. health effects, changes in climate and hydrological cycle). Trace gases and atmospheric aerosols are tightly connected via physical, chemical, meteorological and biological processes occurring in the atmosphere and at the atmosphere-biosphere interface. One important phenomenon is atmospheric aerosol formation, which involves the production of nanometer-size particles by nucleation and their growth to",{"id":432,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":433,"piName":10,"institution":434,"country":416,"year":13,"amount":435,"abstract":436},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232738","Molecular by-pass therapy for mitochondrial dysfunction","TAMPEREEN YLIOPISTO","€2,436,000","Many eukaryotes, but not the higher metazoans such as vertebrates or arthropods, possess intrinsic by-pass systems that provide alternative routes for electron flow from NADH to oxygen. Whereas the standard mitochondrial OXPHOS system couples electron transport to proton pumping across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating the proton gradient which is used to drive ATP synthesis and other energy-requiring processes, the by-pass enzymes are non-proton-pumping, and their activity is redox-reg",{"id":438,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":439,"piName":10,"institution":415,"country":416,"year":13,"amount":440,"abstract":441},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227772","Mathematical Physics of Out-of-Equilibrium Systems","€1,293,687","The purpose of the project is to develop  new tools for a mathematical analysis of out of equilibrium systems. My main goal is a rigorous proof of Fourier's law for a Hamiltonian  dynamical system. In addition I plan to study various fundamental problems related to transport in such systems.  I will consider extended dynamical systems consisting of a large number (possibly infinite) of subsystems that are coupled to each other. This set includes discrete and continuous  wave equations, non-linea",{"id":443,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":444,"piName":10,"institution":445,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":446,"abstract":447},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230484","Market Integration and the Welfare of Europeans","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","€880,800","The proposal aims at mapping the long-run process of integration of the European and world markets, from the early modern period to present, and at assessing its effects on the welfare and on institutions. To this aim it will collect a comprehensive data-base on prices, which will then be made available on-line to scholars. These data will be then used to estimate the gains from integration (or losses from disintegration). Last but not least, the project will consider some case-studies of politi",{"id":449,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":450,"piName":10,"institution":451,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":452,"abstract":453},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233036","Development and differentiation of CD8 T lymphocytes","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","€1,969,644","CD8 T lymphocytes have a fundamental role in ensuring the control of different types of intracellular pathogens including bacteria, parasites and most viruses. This control may fail due to several reasons. The current aggressive anti-cancer therapies (or rarely certain congenital immune deficiencies) induce CD8 depletion. After bone-marrow transplantation, long time periods are required to ensure T cell reconstitution particularly in the adult. This long lag-time is due to the long-time periods ",{"id":455,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":456,"piName":10,"institution":451,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":457,"abstract":458},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233130","Molecular Analysis of Hepatitis C Virus Neutralization and Entry For the Development of Novel Antiviral Immunopreventive Strategies","€2,447,357","Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease world-wide. HCV-induced end-stage liver disease such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma represent a major concern in global health. Treatment options for chronic hepatitis C are limited and no vaccine against HCV infection is available. Vaccine development is hampered by several obstacles. High viral variability and escape from host immune responses render antigen selection a major challenge. Antigen selec",{"id":460,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":461,"piName":10,"institution":462,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":463,"abstract":464},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233111","Traces in the bones: reconstructing the lost soft anatomy of the earliest vertebrates through ultra-high resolution synchrotron scanning","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","€1,046,782","Early vertebrate evolution involved a series of drastic structural reorganisations as new features were added and elaborated. The fossil record illuminates this evolutionary history more directly than inferences from the diversity of living forms, but the fossils usually consist only of bones whereas many of the most important and interesting changes occurred in the soft anatomy. Traditional approaches to reconstructing the musculature and other soft tissues of fossil vertebrates rely on subject",{"id":466,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":467,"piName":10,"institution":210,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":468,"abstract":469},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228044","Agile MIMO Systems for Communications, Biomedicine, and Defense","€1,872,720","This proposal targets the emerging frontier research field of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems along with several innovative and somewhat unconventional applications of such systems. The use of arrays of transmitters and receivers will have a profound impact on future medical imaging\u002Ftherapy systems, radar systems, and radio communication networks. Multiple transmitters provide a tremendous versatility and allow waveforms to be adapted temporally and spatially to environmental condi",{"id":471,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":472,"piName":10,"institution":473,"country":474,"year":13,"amount":475,"abstract":476},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228087","INNOVATIONS IN STOCHASTIC ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS with emphasis on STOCHASTIC CONTROL AND INFORMATION","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","NO","€1,864,800","For almost all kinds of dynamic systems modeling real processes in nature or society, most of the mathematical models we can formulate are - at best - inaccurate, and subject to random fluctuations and other types of noise. Therefore it is important to be able to deal with such noisy models in a mathematically rigorous way. This rigorous theory is stochastic analysis. Theoretical progress in stochastic analysis will lead to new and improved applications in a wide range of fields.The main purpose",{"id":478,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":479,"piName":10,"institution":480,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":216,"abstract":481},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229445","Space, Time and Number In the Brain","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE","The primary aim of this project is to establish in Pisa a European Centre of Excellence dedicated to frontier, interdisciplinary research of human perception. The research will focus primarily on the human visual system (and its development), but will also investigate key issues of cross-sensory integration.  The Institute of Neuroscience has been a leading centre of visual research since its inception in the 1970s, when the multidisciplinary approach of Lamberto Maffei (physiologist) and Adrian",{"id":483,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":484,"piName":10,"institution":485,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":486,"abstract":487},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228180","Visual Recognition","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","€1,872,056","Our goal is to develop the fundamental knowledge to design a visual system that is able to learn, recognize and retrieve quickly and accurately thousands of visual categories, including materials, objects, scenes, human actions and activities. A ``visual google'' for images and videos -- able to search for the ``nouns'' (objects, scenes), ``verbs'' (actions\u002Factivities) and adjectives (materials, patterns) of visual content.  The time is right for making great progress in automated visual recogni",{"id":489,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":490,"piName":10,"institution":491,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":492,"abstract":493},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226187","Solid State\u002FCold Atom Hybrid Quantum Devices","EBERHARD KARLS UNIVERSITAET TUEBINGEN","€2,344,800","Solid state physics and atomic physics have developed in a way that the combination of the two fields will produce massive synergetic effects and new physics. Thin film structures can be patterned and controlled down to the atomic level. Mesoscopic structures are used to create well defined two level systems and are presently explored in terms of their capability of being the basis of a quantum computer. The quantum dynamics of single electrons on a quantum dot or single Cooper pairs or flux qua",{"id":495,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":496,"piName":10,"institution":491,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":497,"abstract":498},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227632","Bidirectional cortical communication interface","€1,169,400","This project aims at establishing bidirectional communication via the cortical areas of the brain. In recent years there have been extensive research efforts for establishing an efferent pathway from the brain by means of cortical recordings to allow patients suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), stroke or high spinal cord lesions to interact with their environment (Birbaumer and Cohen, 2007; Wolpaw et al., 2002). As an extension this project will investigate the possibility of an ",{"id":500,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":501,"piName":10,"institution":502,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":503},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233147","IMPROVED RETROGRADE LENTIVIRAL VECTORS FOR GENE THERAPY IN MOTOR NEURON DISEASES","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","Lentiviral vectors can be targeted to specific cell types by varying the envelope proteins, a process called pseudotyping. The rabies-G pseudotyped lentivectors are useful for distal targeting of neurons because they are retrogradely transported to the nucleus where they integrate and express the transgene, as first demonstrated by us. Motor neuron (MN) diseases are incurable neurodegenerative diseases causing progressive paralysis and premature death. Most amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) ca",{"id":505,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":506,"piName":10,"institution":502,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":507,"abstract":508},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226438","Mixing Ionic Liquids","€1,494,157","This proposal is will open a new field of study: Using ionic liquid mixtures to provide optimal solvent systems for chemical synthesis. It is challenging and has input from a wide range of techniques, from theory, physical property measurement to measuring effects on the rates of reactions. It will generate both fundamental understanding of the behaviours of ions in mixtures and the ability to manipulate these behaviours for process development and scale-up. This will enable these exciting new s",{"id":510,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":511,"piName":10,"institution":502,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":512,"abstract":513},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233190","Understanding the Origin of Species: Ecological Genomics and Transcriptomics on Oceanic Islands","€2,415,470","The origin of species diversity has challenged biologists for more than two centuries, but despite the large amount of literature on the subject, pivotal questions about speciation remain unanswered. For example, we know that the origin of species must involve genetic separation, most often followed by phenotypic differentiation. Geographic isolation and subsequent genetic separation gives rise to the uncontroversial allopatric mode of speciation. But in theory, populations can become geneticall",{"id":515,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":516,"piName":10,"institution":502,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":517,"abstract":518},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233015","HUMAN AND MOUSE MODELS OF RHINOVIRUS INDUCED ACUTE ASTHMA EXACERBATIONS","€2,497,761","Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease and in many countries prevalence continues to rise. The major cause of asthma morbidity, mortality and health care costs are acute exacerbations, with rhinovirus infection the major cause. The aim of this application is to identify novel targets for the development of new more effective therapies for treatment and prevention of virus-induced asthma exacerbations, a disease area where there is a major unmet current clinical need.   This propos",{"id":520,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":521,"piName":10,"institution":502,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":522,"abstract":523},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227950","Enhancing microfabricated devices with chemical imaging for novel chemical technology","€1,430,607","The development of microchemical systems is one of the most exciting recently developed research topics with numerous potential industrial applications. One of the greatest challenges to encourage these systems to be adopted by industry is successful high level integration with sensors for understanding, optimisation and control of microsystems for various processes. The proposed research will develop such systems and their integration via linking them with chemical imaging. The benefits of chem",{"id":525,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":526,"piName":10,"institution":502,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":527,"abstract":528},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233158","Cardiac Death and Regeneration","€2,497,576","Cardiac muscle death, unmatched by muscle cell creation, is the hallmark of acute myocardial infarction and chronic cardiomyopathies. The notion of heart failure as a muscle-cell deficiency disease has driven interest worldwide in ways to increase heart muscle cell number, by over-riding cell cycle constraints, suppressing cell death, or, most directly, cell grafting. Using stem cell antigen-1, we previously identified telomerase-expressing cells in adult mouse myocardium, which have salutary pr",{"id":530,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":531,"piName":10,"institution":502,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":532,"abstract":533},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226462","Modelling, Optimization and Control of Biomedical Systems","€1,782,925","The main aim of the proposed project is to develop models and model based control and optimization methods and tools  for drug delivery systems, which would ensure: (i) Reliable and fast calculation of the optimal drug dosage without the need for an on-line computer while taking into account the specifics and constraints of the patient model (personalised health care) (ii) Flexibility to adapt to changing patient characteristics, (iii) Incorporation of the physician s performance criteria (iv) S",{"id":535,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":536,"piName":10,"institution":537,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":538,"abstract":539},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229135","Narrating Futures","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€899,464","This project is unique as it identifies a totally new field within Narratology: multiple future narratives. Narratives are traditionally concerned with past events. Even if they claim to be about the future (e.g., utopian tales), narratives treat these events as if they had already happened. In contrast, future narratives in our sense are narratives that preserve the characteristic feature of future time, viz. that it is open, multiple, not yet crystallized into actuality. We do not yet have a g",{"id":541,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":542,"piName":10,"institution":543,"country":544,"year":13,"amount":545,"abstract":546},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227701","From discrete to contimuous: understanding discrete structures through continuous approximation","EOTVOS LORAND TUDOMANYEGYETEM","HU","€739,671","Important methods and results in discrete mathematics arise from the interaction between discrete mathematics and ``continuous'' areas like analysis or geometry. Classical examples of this include topological methods, linear and semidefinite optimization generating functions and more. More recent areas stressing this connection are the theory of limit objects of growing sequences of finite structures (graphs, hypergraphs, sequences), differential equations on networks, geometric representations ",{"id":548,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":549,"piName":10,"institution":543,"country":544,"year":13,"amount":550,"abstract":551},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227878","Complex structure and dynamics of collective motion","€1,248,000","Collective behaviour is a widespread phenomenon in nature and technology making it a very important subject to study in various contexts. The main goal we intend to achieve in our multidisciplinary research is the identification and documentation of new unifying principles describing the essential aspects of collective motion, being one of the most relevant and spectacular manifestations of collective behaviour. We shall carry out novel type of experiments, design models that are both simple and",{"id":553,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":554,"piName":10,"institution":107,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":555,"abstract":556},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228046","Conformal fractals in analysis, dynamics, physics","€1,278,000","The goal of this project is to study conformally invariant fractal structures from the perspectives of analysis, dynamics, probability, geometry and physics, emphasizing interrelations of these fields.  In the last two decades such structures emerged in several areas: continuum scaling limits of 2D critical models in statistical physics (percolation, Ising model); extremal configurations for various problems in complex analysis (multifractal harmonic measures, coefficient growth of univalent map",{"id":558,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":559,"piName":10,"institution":107,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":560,"abstract":561},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227656","Quantum Correlations","€2,049,600","In all sciences one observes correlations and develops and tests theoretical models describing them. Quantum correlations are produced by measurements on entangled quantum states. Since they may violate some Bell inequality even when the different parties are space-like separated, they can t be described with the usual tools: common causes and communication. Violation of a Bell inequality is the signature of quantumness: all other entanglement witnesses depend on assumptions about the dimension ",{"id":563,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":564,"piName":10,"institution":107,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":565,"abstract":566},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233199","\"Endosomal trafficking during morphogenetic signaling and asymmetric cell division\"","€2,287,785","We plan to study the mechanism that controls the growth of animal tissues. We will focus on two types of mitotic modes: asymmetric cell divisions and the morphogen-dependent proliferation of developing cells. Our recent work has shown that endosomal trafficking plays key roles during asymmetric division and during the formation of morphogen gradients. We therefore plan to unravel the biochemical and cell biological mechanisms underlying the key role of endosomes during growth control using Droso",{"id":568,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":569,"piName":10,"institution":570,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":571},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230193","Interred with their bones - linking soil micromorphology and chemistry to unlock the hidden archive of archaeological human burials","UNIVERSITY OF YORK","It is apparent that soils\u002Fsediments immediately associated with buried archaeological human remains contain a valuable unexploited archive of archaeological information with physical and chemical signatures. Thus, excavation of human graves, for cultural reconstruction and to understand archaeological burial practices, aspects of human health and for forensic investigations would benefit significantly from development of a systematic and rigorous scientific approach, allowing maximum information",{"id":573,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":574,"piName":10,"institution":575,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":576,"abstract":577},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230268","Morphological Complexity: Typology as a Tool for Delineating Cognitive Organization","UNIVERSITY OF SURREY","€1,712,538","Charting the limits of linguistic complexity will open up new perspectives for researching both language and the human mind. We focus on inflectional morphology, which is the systematic manipulation of word forms to express grammatical meaning. As a uniquely linguistic and uniquely human component of communication, morphology stands to reveal otherwise inaccessible aspects of cognition.  Morphological systems introduce an extra layer of structure in between meaning and its expression. This layer",{"id":579,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":580,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":581},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233346","Gut immunity and homeostasis in Drosophila","The gut is the major interface between microbes and their animal hosts and constitutes the main entry route for pathogens. As a consequence gut cells must be armed with efficient immune defenses to combat invasion and colonisation by pathogens.  However, the gut also harbors a flora of commensal bacteria, with potentially beneficial effects for the host, which must be tolerated without a chronic, and harmful, immune response.  In recent years Drosophila has emerged as a powerful model to dissect",{"id":583,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":584,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":585,"abstract":586},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230394","The surfaces of cement and reinforced concrete. A history of the formworks and processing of the surface, 1870-2008","€660,000","Since the nineteenth century, the reinforced concrete has been generating a vast specialized litterature everywhere in the world. However, none of it has ever tried to make a first assessment of the evolution of one of the most fundamental element in the processing of the reinforced concrete: the formwork; nor have been reconstructed the various ways of processing the surfaces after removal of the formwork in order to get special effects of polished or rustic surface. Therefore, on the subject o",{"id":588,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":589,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":590,"abstract":591},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233335","Decoding the mechanisms of centrosome duplication","€2,004,155","Centrosome duplication entails the formation of a single procentriole next to each centriole once per cell cycle. The mechanisms governing procentriole formation are poorly understood and constitute a fundamental open question in cell biology. We will launch an innovative multidisciplinary research program to gain significant insight into these mechanisms using C. elegans and human cells. This research program is also expected to have a significant impact by contributing important novel assays t",{"id":593,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":594,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":595,"abstract":596},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232812","Telomeric Repeat Containing RNA: Biogenesis, Composition and Function","€2,385,047","The ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, known as telomeres, play crucial roles as guardians of genome stability and tumor suppressors. Telomeric DNA is maintained by the ribonucleoprotein enzyme telomerase. Most normal human somatic cells express only very low levels of telomerase and telomeres shorten with continuous cell division cycles. Ultimately, short telomeres activate a DNA damage response that leads to a permanent cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. Reactivation of telomerase is a key requisite",{"id":598,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":599,"piName":10,"institution":58,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":600},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232952","Nanoparticle Vaccines: At the interface of bionanotechnology and adaptive immunity","We have recently developed a bionanotechnology approach to vaccination (Reddy et al., Nature Biotechnology, 25, 1159-1164, 2007): degradable polymeric nanoparticles are designed that: (i) are so small that they can enter the lymphatic circulation by biophysical means; (ii) are efficiently taken up by a large fraction of dendritic cells (DCs) that are resident in the lymph node that drains the injection site; (iii) activate the complement cascade and provide a potent, yet safe, activation signal ",{"id":602,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":603,"piName":10,"institution":604,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":160,"abstract":605},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228169","Physics Beyond the Standard Model at the LHC and with Atom Interferometers","ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE","Elementary particle physics is entering a spectacular new era in which experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN will soon start probing some of the deepest questions in physics, such as: Why is gravity so weak? Do elementary particles have substructure? What is the origin of mass? Are there new dimensions? Can we produce black holes in the lab? Could there be other universes with different physical laws?  While the LHC pushes the energy frontier, the unprecedented precision of Atom",{"id":607,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":608,"piName":10,"institution":609,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":610},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232854","FROM TELOMERE CHROMATIN TO STEM CELL BIOLOGY","FUNDACION SECTOR PUBLICO ESTATAL CENTRO NACIONAL INVESTIGACIONES ONCOLOGICAS CARLOS III","Telomeres are ribonucleoprotein complexes at the ends of chromosomes that are essential for chromosome protection and genomic stability. Telomeres consist of tandem TTAGGG repeats bound to a 6-protein complex known as shelterin. More recently, telomeres have been also shown to contain long non-coding telomeric RNAs (TelRNAs or TERRAs), which are associated to the telomeric chromatin and have been proposed to be potential regulators of telomerase activity and telomere length. In addition, telomer",{"id":612,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":613,"piName":10,"institution":609,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":614},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233270","COMMOM MECHANISMS UNDERLYING CANCER AND AGEING","In recent years, we have made significant contributions to the understanding of the tumour suppressors p53, p16INK4a, and ARF, particularly in relation with cellular senescence and aging.  The current project is motivated by two hypothesis: 1) that the INK4\u002FARF locus is a sensor of epigenetic damage and this is at the basis of its activation by oncogenes and aging",{"id":616,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":617,"piName":10,"institution":609,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":618},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233294","AP-1 (Fos\u002FJun) Functions in Physiology and Disease","Our research interests lie in breaking new ground in studying mechanism-based functions of AP-1 (Fos\u002FJun) in vivo with the aim of obtaining a more global perspective on AP-1 in human physiology and disease\u002Fcancer. The unresolved issues regarding the AP-1 subunit composition will be tackled biochemically and genetically in various cell types including bone, liver and skin, the primary organs affected by altered AP-1 activity. I plan to utilize the knowledge gained on AP-1 functions in the mouse a",{"id":620,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":621,"piName":10,"institution":609,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":622,"abstract":623},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233460","Molecular characterization and targeted elimination of metastatic pancreatic cancer stem cells","€2,335,105","Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is the deadliest solid cancer and currently the fourth most frequent cause for cancer related deaths. Over the past decades, there has hardly been any substantial therapeutic progress regarding clinical endpoints. New hope has now been generated by the re-emerging cancer stem cell (CSC) concept. We have identified and characterized pancreatic CSC in the context of tumour growth, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapy. To eventually be able to develop a targeted ther",{"id":625,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":626,"piName":10,"institution":627,"country":474,"year":13,"amount":628,"abstract":629},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232997","TRANSCRIPTOMICS IN CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY","UNIVERSITETET I TROMSOE - NORGES ARKTISKE UNIVERSITET","€2,300,000","NOWAC is the first prospective study with a globolomic design. This is an extension of the current cohort study with its questionnaire information and biological material for analysis of biomarkers, proteomics and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The design of NOWAC adds biological material for analysis of the transcriptome in prospectively collected buffered peripheral blood samples, the postgenome biobank. Further, both peripheral blood and tumor tissue are collected from breast cancer ",{"id":631,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":632,"piName":10,"institution":633,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":634,"abstract":635},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230489","The Transformation of Global Health Governance: Competing Worldviews and Crises","ABERYSTWYTH UNIVERSITY","€2,349,246","Globalisation has changed health conditions worldwide, affecting the lives and livelihoods of hundreds of millions. While historically many health issues have readily crossed borders (e.g. Black Plague), the intensification and extensification of contemporary globalisation processes has required new forms of governance to address changed global health needs. How do we collectively protect and promote health in an increasingly globalised world? This challenge has opened up a contested space known",{"id":637,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":638,"piName":10,"institution":639,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":640},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233085","Using Sensory Biology and Environmental Conditions to Predict the direction of Evolution","THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER","When a species invades a new habitat, or its existing environment changes, its perception of the world is likely to change because environments differ in the physical properties on which the senses depend. This has profound implications because senses determine how animals find and discriminate between mates or prey, avoid potential predators, and locate better microhabitats.  For example, changed visual environments will cause predictable evolutionary changes in visual contrast to predator and ",{"id":642,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":643,"piName":10,"institution":639,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":644,"abstract":645},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230267","Analysing Learning in Regulatory Governance","€948,448","This four-year interdisciplinary project addresses the question  what has been learned through the use of better regulation ? Better regulation is a flagship policy on the Lisbon agenda for growth and jobs. Its aims are to provide new governance architectures for law-making, to increase the competitiveness of the regulatory environment, and to secure wide social legitimacy for multi-level systems of rules. Whilst most of the research has looked at how better regulation is changing, this project ",{"id":647,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":648,"piName":10,"institution":649,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":650,"abstract":651},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233399","A functional explanation of low temperature tree species limits","UNIVERSITAT BASEL","€1,249,198","The number one question in ecology is why certain organisms occur where they do, and what the traits are which make them successful. This project aims at arriving at a functional explanation of the climatic limits of major European broad leaved tree taxa. It will focus on and explore their temperature-related limits and aims at reviving Europe's traditional strength in physiology based ecology by training a group of young scientists to answer such questions. The project builds upon many years of",{"id":653,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":654,"piName":10,"institution":604,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":137,"abstract":655},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226455","SUPERSYMMETRY, QUANTUM GRAVITY AND GAUGE FIELDS","This project aims at investigating some crucial issues in globally supersymmetric and Supergravity theories. Firstly, it focuses on perturbative and non-perturbative sources of Supersymmetry Breaking in the low-energy effective Supergravity description of Superstrings and M-theory. These include Gaugings and Fluxes in compactifications from higher dimensions, Gaugino Condensation and other non-perturbative effects generated by (unoriented) D-brane instantons. Secondly, it explores the physics of",{"id":657,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":658,"piName":10,"institution":659,"country":416,"year":13,"amount":660,"abstract":661},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227915","Atmospheric planetary boundary layers: physics, modelling and role in Earth system","ILMATIETEEN LAITOS","€2,390,000","This project aims to systematically revise the planetary-boundary-layer (PBL) physics accounting for the non-local effects of coherent structures (long-lived large eddies especially pronounced in convective PBLs and internal waves in stable PBLs). It focuses on the key physical problems related to the role of PBLs in the Earth system as the atmosphere-land\u002Focean\u002Fbiosphere coupling modules: the resistance and heat\u002Fmass transfer laws determining the near-surface turbulent fluxes, the entrainment l",{"id":663,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":664,"piName":10,"institution":665,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":666},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227135","Neuron Networking with Nano Bridges via the Synthesis and Integration of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TRIESTE","We propose the development of novel nanodevices, such as nanoscale bridges and nanovectors, based on functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNT) for manipulating neurons and neuronal network activity in vitro. The main aim is to put forward innovative solutions that have the potential to circumvent the problems currently faced by spinal cord lesions or by neurodegenerative diseases. The unifying theme is to use recent advances in chemistry and nanotechnology to gain insight into the functioning of hyb",{"id":668,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":669,"piName":10,"institution":670,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":671,"abstract":672},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232814","LGR receptors mark adult stem cells in multiple mammalian tissues","KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN - KNAW","€2,106,000","Self-renewal and repair of tissues in adult mammals is fueled by rare tissue stem cells. Identification and subsequent study of such adult stem cells depends strictly on the availability of molecular markers. To date, a paucity of single definitive markers has complicated the study of the biology of these rare cells. Our interest in the role of the Wnt pathway in intestinal homeostasis and cancer has led us to exhaustively define the Wnt target gene program shared between these two processes. Wi",{"id":674,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":675,"piName":10,"institution":676,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":677,"abstract":678},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232645","The role of noncoding RNA in sense and antisense or orientation in epigenetic control of rRNA genes","DEUTSCHES KREBSFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM HEIDELBERG","€831,756","Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play a significant role in the control of gene expression and epigenetic regulation. It seems that ncRNAs might be numerous and highly adapted in roles that require specific nucleic acid recognition without complex catalysis, such as in guiding RNA modifications or in directing post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression and chromatin structure. Our previous work has revealed that NoRC, a chromatin remodeling complex that triggers heterochromatin formation and tra",{"id":680,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":681,"piName":10,"institution":676,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":682,"abstract":683},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233074","Genetically defined and selectively mast cell-deficient mouse model to unravel the immunological roles of mast cells","€1,880,000","Mast cells (MC) are best known for their central role in allergic disease but, more recently, MC have also been considered as important elements of the immune system in general. Since the original recognition, more than 10 years ago, that MC may have immunological functions beyond allergic disease, a very long list of physiological and pathological conditions has been accumulated in which MC have been suggested to play important roles. However, definitive evidence for MC functions in areas as im",{"id":685,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":686,"piName":10,"institution":687,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":96,"abstract":688},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233024","The biology of nuclear calcium: general principles of adaptations and strategies to develop a light-induced signaling enhancer","RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG","Adaptation is a characteristic of life. Changes in gene expression allow cells and organisms to transform signals from the environment into long-lasting adaptive responses that range from learning and memory, addiction and chronic pain, to immunity and plant-microbe symbiosis. The project is based on the idea that the rules and signals governing the rich repertoire of adaptations are simple and used nearly universally. The research program consequently follows the concept that persistent adaptat",{"id":690,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":691,"piName":10,"institution":687,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":692,"abstract":693},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227597","Intermolecular Coulombic decay and control of photoinduced processes in physics, chemistry, and biology","€1,950,000","When embedded in a suitable environment, excited or ionized atoms and molecules can hand over their excess energy to their neighbors extremely efficiently via the interatomic (intermolecular) Coulombic decay (ICD) mechanisms. The ICD has been predicted theoretically by the applicant and co-workers and has recently found full confirmation in a series of spectacular experiments. The theoretical and experimental work on ICD performed until now and the progress achieved established the generality of",{"id":695,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":696,"piName":10,"institution":697,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":698,"abstract":699},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227747","From single neurons to visual perception","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","€1,706,839","We propose to develop a formal model of information representation and processing in the part of the neocortex that is mostly concerned with visual information. This model will open new horizons in a well-principled way in the fields of artificial and biological vision as well as in computational neuroscience. Specifically the goal is to develop a universally accepted formal framework for describing complex, distributed and hierarchical processes capable of processing seamlessly a continuous flo",{"id":701,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":702,"piName":10,"institution":703,"country":416,"year":13,"amount":704,"abstract":705},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232946","Towards two-person neuroscience","AALTO KORKEAKOULUSAATIO SR","€2,489,643","Humans interact with other people throughout their lives. This project aims to demonstrate that the complex social shaping of the human brain can be adequately tackled only by taking a leap from the conven-tional single-person neuroscience to two-person neuroscience.     We will (1) develop a conceptual framework and experimental setups for two-person neuroscience, (2) apply time-sensitive methods for studies of two interacting persons, monitoring both brain and autonomic nervous activity to als",{"id":707,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":708,"piName":10,"institution":709,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":710,"abstract":711},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227817","Fundamental Studies in Organometallic Chemistry and Homogeneous Catalysis","THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS","€2,033,000","The area of catalysis is now at the forefront of the chemical sciences in light of environmental and economic issues. Synthesizing bulk, fine and pharmaceutical compounds using catalysis is now a must in the modern economy. The studies described in the present proposal make use of the full arsenal of techniques available for modern synthetic chemical investigation: fundamental physicochemical studies, experiment-based rational catalyst design and catalytic studies.  The exploratory physicochemic",{"id":713,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":714,"piName":10,"institution":709,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":715,"abstract":716},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232823","The Evolution of Culture","€2,128,195","The capacity for culture is clearly a critical factor underlying the success of our species, but how and why did it evolve? What are the selection pressures that favoured the evolution of cultural capabilities (e.g. social learning, innovation, teaching), and how has selection fashioned these to operate efficiently? The study of such abilities is central to a broad range of disciplines, and significant progress in the scientific understanding of their origin and operation will ripple out to exer",{"id":718,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":719,"piName":10,"institution":720,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":721},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232782","The influence of Aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands on protective and pathological immune responses","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor is an evolutionary conserved widely expressed transcription factor that mediates the toxicity of a substantial variety of exogenous toxins, but is also stimulated by endogenous physiological ligands. While it is known that this receptor mediates the toxicity of dioxin, this is unlikely to be its physiological function. We have recently identified selective expression of AhR in the Th17 subset of effector CD4 T cells. Ligation of AhR by a candidate endogenous ligand ",{"id":723,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":724,"piName":10,"institution":725,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":726},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226207","Patchy colloidal particles: a powerful arsenal for the fabrication of tomorrow new  super-molecules . A theoretical and numerical study of their assembly processes","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA LA SAPIENZA","An unprecedented development in particle synthesis  is  providing methods to generate high yield  quantities of nano- and micro-particles of  different shapes, compositions, patterns and functionalities and  an unprecedented diverse spectrum of particle  patchiness, significantly extending the naturally available choices.  These methods draw from the diverse fields of chemistry, physics, biology, engineering and materials science, and, in combination, provide a powerful arsenal for the fabricati",{"id":728,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":729,"piName":10,"institution":725,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":730,"abstract":731},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233083","Exploiting the saccharification potential of pathogenic microorganisms to improve biofuel production from plants","€2,099,600","FUEL-PATH aims at providing new knowledge on plant cell wall and innovative biotechnological solutions for biomass utilization. A key process for biomass utilization is the initial degradation of cell walls into fermentable sugars (saccharification)",{"id":733,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":734,"piName":10,"institution":735,"country":736,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":737},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232959","A Novel Nano-container drug carrier for targeted treatment of prostate cancer","NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH DEMOKRITOS\"","EL","The essence of the proposal is the fabrication of multiple nano containers which exhibit double and triple stimuli response and site recognition. Specifically, the containers will be grafted by Leuprolide (LP) for prostate cancer recognition. Multiple containers will be filled by two drugs (e.g. LP and DOX) in different compartments not interacting with each other chemically (cocktail of drugs, e.g. Container1 Leuprolide (LP) and Container2 Doxorubicin (DOX)). The release can be excited by inter",{"id":739,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":740,"piName":10,"institution":290,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":741,"abstract":742},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232881","Mechanisms and consequences of synaptic SUMOylation in health and disease","€2,148,871","Synaptic protein SUMOylation is a completely new and exciting field of investigation. This application will investigate the roles of SUMOylation in normal and pathological synaptic transmission. The functional and pathophysiological implications for synaptic protein SUMOylation are far-reaching. SUMOylation has already been implicated in a diverse array of synaptopathies. Therefore, better understanding of the regulation and consequences of synaptic SUMOylation is of fundamental importance. The ",{"id":744,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":745,"piName":10,"institution":746,"country":747,"year":13,"amount":748,"abstract":749},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230177","Balkan Histories: Shared, Connected, Entangled","NEW BULGARIAN UNIVERSITY","BG","€1,560,000","THE OBJECTIVE of this project is to explore the various ways in which the histories of the Balkan peoples were shared, connected and entangled, and in some cases became structurally inter-dependent in the course of the nineteenth and the twentieth centuries; also to explore transfers and crossings within the region and from Western Europe and Russia. What is offered is a provisional open-ended and long-term research program guided by a general  paradigm , frame of reference and key concepts. I w",{"id":751,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":752,"piName":10,"institution":753,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":754},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228149","Overlooked Unresolved Toxic Organic Pollutants: Resolution, Identification, Measurement and Toxicity:OUTREACH","UNIVERSITY OF PLYMOUTH","Organic pollution exceeds an area greater than that of France+Germany. Toxic, persistent, unresolved and unidentified, complex mixtures (UCMs) of organic chemicals are abundant all over the globe. These UCMs, which encompass a number of chemical classes, are outside present EU and world pollutant regulations. It is very important that these toxicants are identified, measured and their effects studied. Until recent work in my lab, few methods allowed such UCMs to be identified. Even now, we have ",{"id":756,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":757,"piName":10,"institution":575,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":758},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226470","Silicon integrated lasers and optical amplifiers","This project is a six year programme of work to develop fully integrated optical emitters, lasers and optical amplifiers in silicon.  Recent years have seen tremendous advances in the development of silicon photonic devices.  However, the last hurdle to full silicon photonic systems and optical data transfer on and between integrated circuits are electrically pumped optical amplifiers and lasers in silicon using a CMOS compatible technology.  Consequently, there have been massive efforts worldwi",{"id":760,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":761,"piName":10,"institution":762,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":763},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227964","Soft Matter Nanotechnology to Create Life-Like Machines","CHALMERS TEKNISKA HOGSKOLA AB","We propose several new soft-matter nanotechnology-bases where the underlying principles of operation as well as the materials used are derived or inspired by biological systems. Specifically, in one aspect we wish to develop nanoscale biomimetic components, some of them with complex capacities (such as memory functions) that can perform a task in a useful device setup and that are mainly KT-driven (thermal energy-no external power source needed). A central issue relates to remote control of nano",{"id":765,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":766,"piName":10,"institution":762,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":767,"abstract":768},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227700","Supramolecular Motive Power","€1,742,145","Many important biological systems have the ability of transferring mechanical energy within individual molecules across distances of 1-10 nm. The mechanisms behind such energy transfer are poorly understood. Increased knowledge about them may not only explain fundamental processes in biology, but may also enable novel approaches to energy-related problems in general and new applications in supramolecular nanotechnology in particular. We propose to use physico-chemical methods to study how chemic",{"id":770,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":771,"piName":10,"institution":772,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":773,"abstract":774},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227571","Visionary Space Systems: Orbital Dynamics at Extremes of Spacecraft Length-Scale","UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE","€2,012,038","This ground-breaking project will deliver radically new approaches to orbital dynamics at extremes of spacecraft length-scale to underpin new space-derived products and services for Europe. These include levitated geostationary orbits for large gossamer spacecraft to massively increase space telecommunications capacity, new displaced polar orbits for continuous environmental monitoring of the arctic and swarms of interacting micro-spacecraft for revolutionary new commercial and science applicati",{"id":776,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":777,"piName":10,"institution":778,"country":347,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":779},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233366","System analysis of a bio-energy plantation: full greenhouse gas balance and energy accounting","UNIVERSITEIT ANTWERPEN","One of the strategies for mitigation of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions that is receiving a lot of attention in this post-Kyoto era, is the use of bio-energy as a replacement for fossil fuels. Among the different alternatives of bio-energy production the use of biomass crops such as fast-growing woody crops under short rotation coppice (SRC) regimes - is probably the most suited, in particular in the EU. Two issues need to be addressed before the efficacy of bio-energy for carbon mitigati",{"id":781,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":782,"piName":10,"institution":783,"country":268,"year":13,"amount":784,"abstract":785},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228082","Topology of Moduli Spaces and Strings","KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET","€1,650,720","This project is on the crossroad of three interrelated mathematical subjects, namely (i) The topology of moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces (in a background) (ii) Algebraic K-theory and Topological Cyclic homology with special emphasis to the symplectic algebraic K-theory and its relation to the moduli space of principal polarized abelian varieties (iii) String topology and Homological Conformal Field Theory. It is an important aspect of the project to study the implications of the Madsen-Weiss t",{"id":787,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":788,"piName":10,"institution":783,"country":268,"year":13,"amount":789,"abstract":790},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229459","Waterworlds: Natural environmental disasters and social resilience in anthropological perspective","€2,979,882","The present times are haunted by a sense of vulnerability in the face of major environmental disasters and global climate change. Whatever course and speed the current changes may accrue, their effects on the human world are already manifest. People suffer from a loss of habitual natural resources, from fear of an increasingly unpredictable nature, and from social disruptions as natural habitats are destroyed.  Water is the most vital natural resource; it is the sine qua non of human life, and t",{"id":792,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":793,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":126,"abstract":795},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230239","The Europeanisation of Citizenship in the Successor States of the Former Yugoslavia","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","CITSEE is a comparative and contextualised study of the citizenship regimes of the seven successor states of the former Yugoslavia (SFRY) in their broader European context. It focuses on the relationship between how these regimes have developed after the disintegration of SFRY and the processes of re-integration occurring in the context of the enlargement of the European Union applied in the region. It makes use of the varied statuses under EU law of the SFRY successor states, of which only Slov",{"id":797,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":798,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":799,"abstract":800},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230605","Money, Liquidity, and the Aggregate Economy","€1,600,000","In the last few years, Professor Nobuhiro Kiyotaki (Princeton) and I have attempted to provide the bare bones of a simple, unified theory of money and liquidity that can be integrated into the rest of macroeconomic theory, staying as close as possible to the standard competitive macroeconomic framework. But there is a lot of work ahead. The bones have little or no flesh. Here are some of the major puzzles that are outstanding. Why is it that small adjustments to nominal interest rates by a centr",{"id":802,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":803,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":96,"abstract":804},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233457","Systematic Chemical Genetic Interrogation of Biological Networks","Recent genome-scale studies have revealed the massive redundancies and functional interconnectivities encoded by the genome. For example, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is predicted to harbor 200,000 synthetic lethal interactions. This genetic density has profound implications for both understanding the architecture of living systems and drug discovery. In particular, the dense connections of biological networks mandate a multi-node strategy to selectively manipulate any given biolog",{"id":806,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":807,"piName":10,"institution":808,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":809,"abstract":810},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230367","Bounded rationality and social concerns in decision processes: theory, experiments, and applications","UNIVERSITA COMMERCIALE LUIGI BOCCONI","€1,399,800","In the field of economics, individual decision making is the basic building block for studying complex environments such as markets, political systems, and social dynamics. Individual decision making is embodied in the neoclassical economically rational agent, whose only concern is the maximization of utility from his own material consumption. Two qualities of this agent are especially important for the research we will undertake: He has perfect understanding of the problems he faces - today and",{"id":812,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":813,"piName":10,"institution":814,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":815,"abstract":816},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227985","Transcending Reality   Activating Virtual Environment Responses through Sensory Enrichment","UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA","€2,409,768","The goal of this project is to provide the means for  transcending reality : to use virtual reality to transcend the self, whereby participants in an immersive virtual reality (IVR) may have the strong illusion of transforming their bodies, and therefore have experiences in VR that are not possible in physical reality. The goal is to use IVR for something that is genuinely new and uniquely possible within such systems, beyond the normal representational approach to VR which attempts mainly to fa",{"id":818,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":819,"piName":10,"institution":820,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":821,"abstract":822},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226234","Analytic Techniques for Geometric and Functional Inequalities","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI FEDERICO II","€600,000","Isoperimetric and Sobolev inequalities are the best known examples of geometric-functional inequalities. In recent years the PI and collaborators have obtained new and sharp quantitative versions of these and other important related inequalities. These results have been obtained by the combined use of classical symmetrization methods, new tools coming from mass transportation theory, deep geometric measure tools and ad hoc symmetrizations. The objective of this project is to further develop thes",{"id":824,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":825,"piName":10,"institution":826,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":827,"abstract":828},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233066","Towards a Unified Spatial Theory of Biodiversity","HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM FUR UMWELTFORSCHUNG GMBH - UFZ","€2,177,664","One of the biggest and most persistent challenges in contemporary ecology is to explain the high diversity in ecological communities such as tropical forests, grasslands, coral reefs, or plankton ecosystems. The broad objective of our project is to understand the relative importance of processes and factors that govern the composition and dynamics of species-rich communities. Advances in this issue have important implications for efforts to protect terrestrial biodiversity from climate and land ",{"id":830,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":831,"piName":10,"institution":832,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":833},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232648","New approaches to the study of membrane-protein folding in vivo and in silico","STOCKHOLMS UNIVERSITET","Membrane proteins are central players in many if not most cellular processes: cell-cell interaction, signal transduction, nerve conduction, small molecule transport, macromolecular trafficking, etc. A growing number of high-resolution membrane protein structures  provide important insights not only into function but also into the general structural constraints imposed by the lipid bilayer. In contrast, almost no information is available concerning how membrane proteins fold in vivo. Mainly, this",{"id":835,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":836,"piName":10,"institution":832,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":232,"abstract":837},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230574","Quantitative dynamic macroeconomic analysis of global climate change and inequality","The proposal is to form a Research Center for Quantitative Macroeconomic Research (RCQMR) at the Institute for International Economic Studies at Stockholm University. The aim of the RCQMR is to conduct research within the general area of macroeconomics and inequality. However, most of the focus during the buildup period will be on a broad project on the world economy and climate change. The aim is to build a dynamic quantitative macroeconomic model of the world economy with a climate system as a",{"id":839,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":840,"piName":10,"institution":841,"country":31,"year":13,"amount":842,"abstract":843},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227378","Quantum Criticality - The Puzzle of Multiple Energy Scales","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN","€2,100,043","Matter at the absolute zero in temperature may reach a highly exotic state: Where two distinctly different ground states are separated by a second order phase transition the system is far from being frozen; it is undecided in which state to be and therefore undergoes strong collective quantum fluctuations. Quantum criticality describes these fluctuations and their extension to finite temperature. Quantum critical behaviour has been reported in systems as distinct as high-temperature superconduct",{"id":845,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":846,"piName":10,"institution":847,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":848,"abstract":849},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233325","RNA silencing in regulation and evolution","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€2,298,433","Small RNA is a specificity determinant of silencing mechanisms that can target RNA through base pairing to affect RNA stability and translation. This targeting process, directly or indirectly, can also target DNA and chromatin to introduce epigenetic modifications. In plants there are many   hundreds of thousands - of different small silencing RNAs (sRNAs) produced from many thousands of loci. These sRNAs have enormous potential to influence genetic and epigenetic regulation because, from analys",{"id":851,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":852,"piName":10,"institution":847,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":853,"abstract":854},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233232","Surviving the dry state: engineering a desiccation-tolerant mammalian cell","€2,494,963","Certain plants, animals and micro-organisms are able to dry out completely and yet remain viable, a phenomenon known as anhydrobiosis ( life without water ), or desiccation tolerance. This proposal addresses the molecular mechanisms responsible for desiccation tolerance and aims to confer these mechanisms on desiccation-sensitive mammalian cells, establishing a new field in biotechnology: a form of synthetic biology we have called anhydrobiotic engineering.  One feature of anhydrobiotic organism",{"id":856,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":857,"piName":10,"institution":847,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":858},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230421","Cultural transformations and environmental transitions in North African prehistory","There is emerging consensus that European human populations, Ancient (Homo erectus) & Modern (H. sapiens), originated in Africa, but the timing, routes & character of their migrations remain obscure. In Europe, the cultural transformations represented by the appearance of cognitively-modern human behaviour c.40000 years ago appear to relate to replacement of Neanderthals by Modern Humans, & to correlate with abrupt climatic & environmental changes. N Africa may have played a critical role in the",{"id":860,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":861,"piName":10,"institution":847,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":862,"abstract":863},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230570","Neurocognitive systems for morpho-lexical analysis: The cross-linguistic foundations for language comprehension","€2,414,558","Language comprehension is a fundamentally dynamic process, where incoming speech information interfaces with two markedly different neuro-cognitive processing systems   a left lateralised fronto-temporal system that is critical for linguistic processes of morphological and syntactic analysis, and a distributed bi-hemispheric system that supports semantic and pragmatic interpretation. This view of the neurocognitive language system has emerged from interdisciplinary research focusing mainly on En",{"id":865,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":866,"piName":10,"institution":847,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":867,"abstract":868},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230354","Nonparametric and Semiparametric Methods in Economics and Finance","€1,200,000","This proposal is about developing nonparametric methodology for applications in economics and finance. It is broadly in two parts. The first part is related to my work on separable nonparametric models, which is at the frontier of econometric methodology. I am working on a number of projects that extend the applicability of these methods to problems of current interest. The second part is related to my work on testing stochastic dominance, which is a topic of considerable current interest and co",{"id":870,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":871,"piName":10,"institution":872,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":873,"abstract":874},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233417","The humoral innate immune system: long pentraxins as a paradigm","HUMANITAS MIRASOLE SPA","€2,066,200","The innate immune system consists of humoral and a cellular arm, but attention has largely been focused on cells and their receptors. The humoral innate immune system (HIIS) is generally represented as  a collection of diverse molecules (collectins, ficolins, pentraxins). A tenet underlying this application is that in spite of molecular diversity, the HIIS is built on general principles and logic conserved in evolution. This general view will be put to a test capitalizing on the discovery by the",{"id":876,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":877,"piName":10,"institution":878,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":879,"abstract":880},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233227","NMR detected nanosecond to microsecond dynamics for biomolecular recognition dynamics","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€2,212,000","NMR spectroscopy detects in a unique way with atomic resolution biomolecular dynamics in the previously hidden time range between approximately 5 nano- to 50 microseconds (ns-ms time range). The detection of this motion happens in equilibrium under physiological conditions without the need for a triggering reaction. On the example of ubiquitin, this dynamics was found by us to be important for molecular recognition between proteins implying conformational selection rather than induced fit. Only ",{"id":882,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":883,"piName":10,"institution":878,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":884,"abstract":885},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233297","Genomic and Phenotypic Evolution of Bonobos, Chimpanzees and Humans","€2,199,996","Humans have two closest living relatives: the well known chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) and the lesser known bonobo (Pan paniscus). While the lineage leading to humans and the lineage leading to bonobos and chimpanzees split five to seven million years ago, the bonobo and chimpanzee lineages split around one million years ago. Despite such a recent divergence, these two ape species exhibit remarkable phenotypic differences, indicating that inferences about human evolution will require comparative ",{"id":887,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":888,"piName":10,"institution":878,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":889},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233316","Molecular bases of kinetochore-microtubule attachment and their implications for cell cycle control","Equal partition of the genetic material to the daughter cells in mitosis requires the accurate anchorage of the mother cell s chromosomes to spindle microtubules. This process takes place at kinetochores, complex scaffolds containing ~100 different proteins. Conceptually, kinetochores can be viewed as performing four distinct but highly integrated functions: 1) they bind centromeric chromatin at a specialized protein-DNA interface; 2) they build a dynamic microtubule-binding interface that is ti",{"id":891,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":892,"piName":10,"institution":878,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":185,"abstract":893},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227975","Automated Synthesis of Heparin and Chondroitin Libraries for the Preparation of Diverse Carbohydrate Arrays","While heparin, a glacosaminoglycan (GAG) has served as an anticoagulant for more than 60 years, the structure-activity relationship of heparin and chondroitin sulfate for specific interactions with proteins are still poorly understood. It has become evident that defined lengths and sequences or patterns are responsible for binding to a particular protein and modulating its biological activity.  Determination of the structure-activity relationships of heparins and chondroitins creates an opportun",{"id":895,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":896,"piName":10,"institution":897,"country":474,"year":13,"amount":898,"abstract":899},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232608","Neural circuits for space representation in the mammalian cortex","NORGES TEKNISK-NATURVITENSKAPELIGE UNIVERSITET NTNU","€2,499,112","Neuroscience is one of the fastest-developing areas of science, but it is fair to say that we are still far from understanding how the brain produces subjective experience. For example, simple questions about the origin of thought, imagination, social interaction, or feelings lack even rudimentary answers. We have learnt much about the workings of individual cells and synapses, but psychological phenomena cannot be understood only at this level. These phenomena all emerge from interactions betwe",{"id":901,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":902,"piName":10,"institution":485,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":903,"abstract":904},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230113","Media and Democracy in Central and Eastern Europe: Qualities of Democracy, Qualities of Media","€2,056,276","The relationship between democracy and the media in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) is poorly understood. Not only have western media models been unhelpful in understanding these transitions but there has also been a notable lack of attention given to media within the transitions literature. This project intends to address this by taking a novel and interdisciplinary approach to this question. The traditional orientation of academic studies to this question is strictly limited to whether media ",{"id":906,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":907,"piName":10,"institution":485,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":908,"abstract":909},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233185","Evolution of Development In Plants","€2,230,732","Different morphologies evolve in different organisms in response to changing environments. As land plants evolved, developmental mechanisms were either generated de novo, or were recruited from existing toolkits and adapted to facilitate changes in form. Some of these changes occurred once, others on multiple occasions, and others were gained and then subsequently lost in a subset of lineages. Why have certain forms survived and others not? Why does a fern look different from a flowering plant, ",{"id":911,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":912,"piName":10,"institution":485,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":913,"abstract":914},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230274","The social and cultural construction of emotions: The Greek paradigm","€1,593,945","Emotions influence social relations; consequently, they are socially relevant, subject to scrutiny, judgment, and normative intervention. The manifestation, perception and treatment of emotions are subject to social interventions and to the influence of cultural change. Emotions in the Classical world have been primarily studied in the light of their representation in literature and art. Such studies have provided important insights; yet, they are based on works primarily created in a few major ",{"id":916,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":917,"piName":10,"institution":485,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":867,"abstract":918},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233204","Evolutionary explanations for cooperation: microbes to humans","Cooperation poses a problem to evolutionary theory because it can be exploited by selfish individuals. Evolutionary biologists have developed a detailed theoretical overview of possible solutions to the problem of cooperation. In contrast to our theoretical understanding of potential solutions, however,, we have been relatively unsuccessful at applying theory to understand observations of cooperative behaviour nature. We present a novel and interdisciplinary programme of research to address this",{"id":920,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":921,"piName":10,"institution":485,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":922,"abstract":923},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233409","Silks as Biomimetic Ideals for Polymers: SABIP","€2,258,272","Silk offers an attractive combination of strength and toughness coupled with environmentally benign processing and degradation.  However, we lack key insights into the interactions between a silk s mechanical behaviour, its chemical composition and its fabrication processes.  Hence practically, this ignorance impedes the development of synthetic and recombinant silks. More fundamentally, silks can provide us with novel insights into other elastomeric natural protein polymers.  Hence natural silk",{"id":925,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":926,"piName":10,"institution":485,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":927,"abstract":928},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233240","Molecular Mechanism of Oxygen Sensing by Enzymes","€3,000,000","The hypoxic response in humans is regulated by enzymes that catalyse the post-translational hydroxylation of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). Prolyl-hydroxylation signals for HIF-alpha degradation whilst asparaginyl-hydroxylation blocks the transcriptional activity of HIF. The absolute requirement of the HIF hydroxylases for oxygen enables them to act as hypoxia sensors. The overall goal of the proposed programme is to capitalize on recent advances in this field arising from the joint Schofield a",{"id":930,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":931,"piName":10,"institution":932,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":285,"abstract":933},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232917","Signaling Pathways Controlling Patterning, Growth and Final Size of Drosophila Limbs","University of Zurich","Developmental biology seeks not only to learn more about the fundamental processes of growth and pattern per se, but to understand how they synergize to enable the morphogenesis of multicellular organisms. Our goal is to perform real-time analyses of these developmental processes in an intact developing organ. By applying a vital imaging approach, we can circumvent the normal limitations of inferring cellular dynamics from static images or molecular data, and obtain the real dynamic view of grow",{"id":935,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":936,"piName":10,"institution":937,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":938,"abstract":939},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230515","SECURITIES IN TIMES OF INSECURITY: ASSET RETURNS AND HOLDINGS DURING POLITICAL, SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CRISES IN EUROPE, 1900-1950","UNIVERSIDAD POMPEU FABRA","€2,099,800","This project assembles a new dataset on asset returns in four European countries between 1900 and 1950. Most of the information we have today about the performance of different asset classes comes from relatively 'tranquil', stable periods. Yet what happens to the value of one's savings matters all the more when times are not good, and labor income is low. This is the fundamental insight of the consumption capital asset pricing model. The four countries in this study experienced among them the f",{"id":941,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":942,"piName":10,"institution":943,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":944,"abstract":945},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230254","Information and Competition","UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA","€1,290,000","The project deals with economies with private information. Despite the growing body of work about economies with dispersed information there are at least three important stumbling blocks in the received literature that prevent scientific progress: lack of understanding of the dynamics of markets involving complementarities and information; consideration of public information as exogenous; and avoidance or extreme simplification of welfare analysis (e.g. because of the lack of a well-defined welf",{"id":947,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":948,"piName":10,"institution":949,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":950,"abstract":951},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227987","Resilient large unit cell inorganic materials","THE UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL","€2,291,997","A grand challenge in science is the controlled assembly of atoms and molecules into novel forms as the basis for new physical phenomena and next-generation technologies. This programme will focus on excellence in synthesis of advanced inorganic functional materials through the development of fundamental capabilities for control of structure and composition in crystalline materials with large unit cells that are resilient to the introduction of multiple functionality. The targeted synthesis of th",{"id":953,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":954,"piName":10,"institution":955,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":956,"abstract":957},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233077","TFIIH as a crucial actor in genome expression and repair","CENTRE EUROPEEN DE RECHERCHE EN BIOLOGIE ET MEDECINE","€1,997,000","Understanding how the genetic information of a cell is retrieved but also protected from insults, is a major challenge facing modern molecular biology. Indeed, one of the most important developments in human genetics over the last decade, has been the realization that diseases such as cancer but also ageing stem from some dis-regulation in the expression and preservation of the genetic information. TFIIH is a multiprotein complex that is essential in transcription and DNA repair. Mutations in so",{"id":959,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":960,"piName":10,"institution":961,"country":143,"year":13,"amount":962,"abstract":963},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227634","Gamma Ray Bursts as a Focal Point of High Energy Astrophysics","THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM","€1,933,460","Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), short and intense bursts of gamma-rays originating from random directions in the sky, are the brightest explosions in our Universe. They involve ultra-relativistic motion, huge magnetic fields, the strongest gravitational fields, acceleration of photons, neutrinos and cosmic rays to ultra high energies, the collapse of massive stars, mergers of neutron star binaries and formation of newborn black holes. They are at the focal point of relativistic high energy astrophysics",{"id":965,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":966,"piName":10,"institution":961,"country":143,"year":13,"amount":967,"abstract":968},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233169","Novel Systematic Strategies for Elucidating Cellular Regulatory Circuits","€2,199,899","The precise regulation of gene expression has been the subject of extensive scrutiny. Nonetheless, there is a big gap between genomic characterization of transcriptional responses and our predictions based on known molecular mechanisms and networks and of transcription regulation.  In this proposal I argue for an approach to bridge this gap by using a novel experimental strategy that exploits the recent maturation of two technologies: the use of fluorescence reporter techniques to monitor promot",{"id":970,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":971,"piName":10,"institution":972,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":96,"abstract":973},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232913","Quantitative understanding of a living system and its engineering as a cellular organelle","FUNDACIO CENTRE DE REGULACIO GENOMICA","The idea of harnessing living organisms for treating human diseases is not new but, so far, the majority of the living vectors used in human therapy are viruses which have the disadvantage of the limited number of genes and networks that can contain. Bacteria allow the cloning of complex networks and the possibility of making a large plethora of compounds, naturally or through careful redesign. One of the main limitations for the use of bacteria to treat human diseases is their complexity, the e",{"id":975,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":976,"piName":10,"institution":977,"country":978,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":979},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226373","New Horizons for Mass Spectrometry","USTAV ORGANICKE CHEMIE A BIOCHEMIE, AV CR, V.V.I.","CZ","This project of basic research in chemistry tackles the challenge to close the wide gap between chemical and physical processes occurring in liquid solution and sophisticated studies of model systems in the idealized gas phase. By such the project aims to reach a convergence between the microscopic and macroscopic world. To this end, the planned research will span the range from isolated atoms in the high vacuum to the real species present in solution. Specifically, the proposal is focused on:- ",{"id":981,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":982,"piName":10,"institution":977,"country":978,"year":13,"amount":983,"abstract":984},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227756","Regular Arrays of Artificial Surface-Mounted Dipolar Molecular Rotors","€2,457,600","We propose a feasibility demonstration of an unprecedented concept: preparation of regular two-dimensional arrays of artificial surface-mounted dipolar molecular rotors and control of their coherent motion by the application of an outside electric field.  The proposal involves a highly interdisciplinary endeavor, which requires experience in synthesis (preparation of molecular rotors), surface chemistry (assembly of rotors into arrays on surfaces), surface spectroscopy and scanning microscopy (c",{"id":986,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":987,"piName":10,"institution":988,"country":291,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":989},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227619","From Mutations to Metastases: Multiscale Mathematical Modelling of Cancer Growth and Spread","UNIVERSITY OF DUNDEE","Cancer is one of the major causes of death in the world (particularly the developed world), with around 11 million people diagnosed and around 7 million people dying each year. The World Health Organisation predicts that current trends show around 9 million will die in 2015, with the number rising to 11.5 million in 2030.    Cancer growth (viz. solid tumour growth) is a complicated phenomenon involving many inter-related processes across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, and as such p",{"id":991,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":992,"piName":10,"institution":993,"country":994,"year":13,"amount":995,"abstract":996},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232816","Systems Biology of Human Metabolism","HASKOLI ISLANDS","IS","€2,399,634","Whole-genome sequences and their annotation have enabled the reconstruction of genome-scale metabolic networks.  Such network reconstructions form the foundation for systems analysis of metabolic functions in health and disease.  Over the past ten years, a series of genome-scale reconstructions have been built for microorganisms.  They have been demonstrated to be useful for developing a deeper understanding of physiological processes, drive discovery through computer generated hypothesis relati",{"id":998,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":999,"piName":10,"institution":1000,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":1001,"abstract":1002},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233078","Mitochondrial membrane organization by protein scaffolds and lipid dynamics","UNIVERSITAT ZU KOLN","€1,878,000","Biological membranes are complex structures built up of a multiplicity of membrane lipids and proteins controlling essential cellular processes. This is exemplified by mitochondria, dynamic double-membrane bound organelles, with essential roles in diverse metabolic and cellular signalling pathways. The mitochondrial inner membrane is considered to be the protein richest cellular membrane, whose functional impairment is associated with aging, myopathies and diverse neurological disorders in human",{"id":1004,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1005,"piName":10,"institution":1006,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":1007,"abstract":1008},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228032","Phase transitions in random evolutions of large-scale structures","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI ROMA TRE","€1,248,067","Large scale structures typically consist of a large number of mutually interacting components and the collective behavior of this huge number of degrees of freedom leads to a host of intriguing phenomena: anomalous fluctuations, phase transitions, complex time evolutions and metastable behavior. By phase transition, a key concept for the proposal, we mean here an abrupt, qualitative change in the properties of the model when its parameters are changed. Mathematically, phase transitions are signa",{"id":1010,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1011,"piName":10,"institution":1012,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":1013,"abstract":1014},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232933","Simultaneous multi-pathway engineering in crop plants through combinatorial genetic transformation: Creating nutritionally biofortified cereal grains for food security","UNIVERSIDAD DE LLEIDA","€2,290,046","BIOFORCE has a highly ambitious applied objective: to create transgenic cereal plants that will provide a near-complete micronutrient complement (vitamins A, C, E, folate and essential minerals Ca, Fe, Se and Zn) for malnourished people in the developing world, as well as built-in resistance to insects and parasitic weeds. This in itself represents a striking advance over current efforts to address food insecurity using applied biotechnology in the developing world. We will also address fundamen",{"id":1016,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1017,"piName":10,"institution":1018,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":1019,"abstract":1020},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232908","Ultra Fast Magnetic Resonance Imaging using One-Voxel-One-Coil Acquisition","UNIVERSITAETSKLINIKUM FREIBURG","€2,495,600","The proposal is aimed at the development of ultrafast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) for applications in neuroscience, neurology and oncology. The methodology used is based on the principle of one-voxel-one-coil acquisition in which the sensitive volumes of arrays containing a large number of small receiver coils is used as primary source of spatial localization. This allows to achieve acquisition speed >> 10 fps and opens up new windows of application for MRI. Within this proposal research wi",{"id":1022,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1023,"piName":10,"institution":1024,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":1025,"abstract":1026},"cordis-european-research-council-award-230249","Phantom phenomena: A window to the mind and the brain","ZENTRALINSTITUT FUER SEELISCHE GESUNDHEIT","€2,334,000","Phantom experiences occur in almost all amputees but are among the least understood sensory phenomena. Recently changes in the representation of body maps in the brain were found to be related to phantom pain and it has also been demonstrated that there are great similarities between nonpainful phantoms and bodily illusions such as the rubber hand illusion. This research has also shown that the brain does not process the physical but the perceived reality, which opens the door to manipulations o",{"id":1028,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1029,"piName":10,"institution":1030,"country":25,"year":13,"amount":1031,"abstract":1032},"cordis-european-research-council-award-232975","A biological network approach to the study of biochemical origins, early cellular evolution, and gene distributions across genomes","HEINRICH-HEINE-UNIVERSITAET DUESSELDORF","€1,931,280","The further back we look in time, the less we know about the course of life's history. Genomics, through phylogenomics, will eventually resolve the evolution of macroscopic life, whose phylogeny can be properly modeled in the mathematical image of a bifurcating tree; where the evolutionary process is fundamentally tree-like in nature, we only have to collect enough data to bring the structure of the tree into focus. But when we look back into the evolution of microscopic life and early evolution",{"id":1034,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1035,"piName":10,"institution":1036,"country":1037,"year":13,"amount":382,"abstract":1038},"cordis-european-research-council-award-228144","Advanced Amorphous Multicomponent Oxides for Transparent Electronics","FACULDADE DE CIENCIAS E TECNOLOGIADA UNIVERSIDADE NOVA DE LISBOA","PT","Imagine having a fully transparent and flexible, foldable, low cost, displays or at the glass window of your home\u002Foffice, a transparent electronic circuit, do you believe on that? Maybe you are asking me if I am writing science fiction. No I am not. In fact this is a very ambitious objective but is tangible in the framework of this project due to the already acquired experience in the development of transparent thin film transistors using novel multifunctional and multicomponent oxides that can ",{"id":1040,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1041,"piName":10,"institution":1042,"country":211,"year":13,"amount":1043,"abstract":1044},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226238","Multiscale Models for Catalytic-Reaction-Coupled Transport Phenomena in Fuel Cells","MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University","€1,320,000","In proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) there are various transport processes strongly affected by catalytic chemical\u002Felectrochemical reactions in nano- or\u002Fand micro-structured and multi-functional porous electrodes. Due to the complexity of fuel cells, fundamental understanding of physical phenomena continues to be required for the coupled chemical and transport processes with two-phase flow\u002Fwater management in PEMFCs, and internal reforming reactions\u002F",{"id":1046,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1047,"piName":10,"institution":932,"country":59,"year":13,"amount":1048,"abstract":1049},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229883","Institutions, Policy and Culture in the Development Process","€1,599,996","This project aims at developing theoretical and empirical research on the structural transformation that accompanies economic development and on the determinants of its success or failure. This transformation involves changes in policies, institutions, and even preferences and social hierarchies. The project consists of four subprojects. Since China represents the most spectacular ongoing episode of economic transition, four of them focus on the Chinese experience, while the remaining ones addre",{"id":1051,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1052,"piName":10,"institution":1053,"country":314,"year":13,"amount":821,"abstract":1054},"cordis-european-research-council-award-229650","Labor Markets, Economic Fluctuations, and Monetary Policy","Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI)","The New Keynesian (NK) model has emerged in recent years as the workhorse for monetary policy analysis. The first part of the proposed project is motivated by two shortcomings of that framework: (i) the lack of an explicit analysis of unemployment and its potential role in the design of policy, (ii) the limited empirical support for the model s wage-setting block.  One of the objectives of the proposed project is the assessment of the empirical relevance of the specification of the wage-setting ",{"id":1056,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1057,"piName":10,"institution":1058,"country":31,"year":13,"amount":1059,"abstract":1060},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233407","From flies to humans   combining whole genome screens and tissue specific gene targeting to identify novel pathways involved in cancer and metastases","INSTITUT FUER MOLEKULARE BIOTECHNOLOGIE GMBH","€2,499,465","Cancer care will be revolutionized over the next decade by the introduction of novel therapeutics that target the underlying molecular mechanisms of the disease. With the advent of human genetics, a plethora of genes have been correlated with human diseases such as cancer the SNP maps. Since the sequences are now available, the next big challenge is to determine the function of these genes in the context of the entire organism. Genetic animal models have proven to be extremely valuable to elucid",{"id":1062,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1063,"piName":10,"institution":1064,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1065,"abstract":1066},"cordis-european-research-council-award-226043","Search for mechanisms to control massless electrons in graphene","UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN","€1,563,800","Conduction electrons in the carbon monolayer known as graphene have zero effective mass. This property offers unique opportunities for fast electronics, if we can somehow learn to control the dynamics of particles which have a charge but no mass. Fresh ideas are needed for this purpose, since an electric field is incapable of stopping a massless electron (its velocity being energy independent).The applicant and his group at the Lorentz Institute for Theoretical Physics in Leiden University have ",{"id":1068,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1069,"piName":10,"institution":1064,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1070,"abstract":1071},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227749","HIGHZ: Elucidating galaxy formation and evolution from very deep Near-IR imaging","€1,471,200","Studies of high redshift galaxies require very deep Near-IR imaging. This allows the study of z=2-4 galaxies redward of the Balmer\u002F4000 Angstrom break, and the detection of UV-bright galaxies at z>7. Two new facilities wil revolutionize these studies: the VISTA telescope built for ESO, and the Near-IR channel on WF3 for HST. They will become available at the start of the grant period. We propose to build a group to analyze the imaging data from these facilities. We will make use of the fact that",{"id":1073,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1074,"piName":10,"institution":1064,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1075,"abstract":1076},"cordis-european-research-council-award-227428","Single molecules in soft matter: dynamical heterogeneity in supercooled liquids and glasses","€1,836,000","Single-molecule optical microscopy provides average-free, dynamical and structural information about condensed matter at molecular scales. Single fluorescent molecules can now be located and tracked with a spatial resolution as high as a few tens of nanometers, even at depths as large as several microns. These capabilities are ideal to link the macroscopic physical properties of soft condensed matter with the structure, organization and dynamics of the constituent molecules. Perhaps the most sur",{"id":1078,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1079,"piName":10,"institution":1080,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":1081,"abstract":1082},"cordis-european-research-council-award-233062","Integrative phagosomal biology: antigen presentation and developmental programs in dendritic cells","INSTITUT CURIE","€2,214,702","Integrative phagosomal biology: antigen presentation and developmental programs in dendritic cells   Dendritic cells phagocytose incoming pathogens and dead cells in peripheral tissues, and then migrate to the draining lymph nodes where they deliver to lymphocytes all the  information  required for the initiation of adaptive immune responses. This information relates to the nature of the pathogen, which is sensed, both directly through pattern recognition receptors (including Toll-like receptors",200,{"programme":8,"total":1085,"withPiName":1086,"firstYear":1087,"lastYear":1088,"countryCount":1089,"perYear":1090,"topInstitutions":1147,"topCountries":1218},4756,450,2008,2027,46,[1091,1093,1095,1098,1101,1104,1107,1110,1113,1116,1118,1121,1124,1127,1130,1133,1136,1139,1142,1145],{"year":1087,"count":1092},47,{"year":13,"count":1094},232,{"year":1096,"count":1097},2010,248,{"year":1099,"count":1100},2011,276,{"year":1102,"count":1103},2012,293,{"year":1105,"count":1106},2013,344,{"year":1108,"count":1109},2014,359,{"year":1111,"count":1112},2015,138,{"year":1114,"count":1115},2016,299,{"year":1117,"count":1094},2017,{"year":1119,"count":1120},2018,376,{"year":1122,"count":1123},2019,241,{"year":1125,"count":1126},2020,137,{"year":1128,"count":1129},2021,228,{"year":1131,"count":1132},2022,322,{"year":1134,"count":1135},2023,252,{"year":1137,"count":1138},2024,243,{"year":1140,"count":1141},2025,222,{"year":1143,"count":1144},2026,264,{"year":1088,"count":1146},3,[1148,1151,1154,1157,1160,1163,1166,1169,1172,1175,1178,1181,1184,1187,1190,1193,1196,1199,1201,1204,1206,1208,1210,1213,1215],{"name":1149,"count":1150},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",206,{"name":1152,"count":1153},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",133,{"name":1155,"count":1156},"University of Oxford",128,{"name":1158,"count":1159},"University of Cambridge",124,{"name":1161,"count":1162},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",84,{"name":1164,"count":1165},"Weizmann Institute of Science",74,{"name":1167,"count":1168},"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne",72,{"name":1170,"count":1171},"University College London",69,{"name":1173,"count":1174},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",59,{"name":1176,"count":1177},"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem",57,{"name":1179,"count":1180},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",52,{"name":1182,"count":1183},"University of Bristol",49,{"name":1185,"count":1186},"University of Edinburgh",48,{"name":1188,"count":1189},"Kobenhavns Universitet",40,{"name":1191,"count":1192},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",39,{"name":1194,"count":1195},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",38,{"name":1197,"count":1198},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",35,{"name":1200,"count":1198},"Tel Aviv University",{"name":1202,"count":1203},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",33,{"name":1205,"count":1203},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":1207,"count":1203},"Universitat Wien",{"name":1209,"count":1203},"University of Manchester",{"name":1211,"count":1212},"Helsingin Yliopisto",32,{"name":1214,"count":1212},"Karolinska Institutet",{"name":1216,"count":1217},"Technische Universiteit Delft",30,[1219,1221,1223,1225,1227,1229,1231,1233,1235,1237,1239,1240,1242,1245,1247,1249,1252,1253,1255,1257,1260,1262,1264,1266,1269],{"name":25,"count":1220},802,{"name":291,"count":1222},778,{"name":48,"count":1224},581,{"name":12,"count":1226},390,{"name":59,"count":1228},310,{"name":66,"count":1230},302,{"name":314,"count":1232},269,{"name":143,"count":1234},202,{"name":211,"count":1236},183,{"name":31,"count":1238},153,{"name":347,"count":1238},{"name":268,"count":1241},107,{"name":1243,"count":1244},"GB",78,{"name":416,"count":1246},76,{"name":474,"count":1248},65,{"name":1250,"count":1251},"IE",42,{"name":1037,"count":1189},{"name":544,"count":1254},25,{"name":736,"count":1256},24,{"name":1258,"count":1259},"US",20,{"name":73,"count":1261},18,{"name":978,"count":1263},15,{"name":1265,"count":1263},"SI",{"name":1267,"count":1268},"CN",9,{"name":1270,"count":1271},"EE",8]