[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-advanced-grant-2011":3,"awarded-stats-erc-advanced-grant":1086},{"awarded":4,"total":1085},[5,16,21,26,31,38,45,51,58,63,70,75,80,86,92,98,105,112,118,123,128,133,137,142,147,153,157,163,168,173,178,184,189,194,200,205,211,215,221,227,232,238,243,249,254,261,267,273,279,283,287,292,297,302,308,314,320,326,333,338,344,348,352,359,364,370,376,382,388,394,401,405,411,416,421,427,432,438,444,450,455,460,466,470,474,479,484,489,496,501,505,510,515,520,525,532,539,544,548,554,560,565,570,575,580,584,590,594,599,605,610,617,622,627,632,638,643,647,652,657,663,669,674,679,684,690,697,703,708,714,720,726,732,737,743,749,754,760,766,771,777,783,788,793,798,803,808,814,819,824,830,835,841,845,852,858,863,869,875,880,886,891,897,903,909,914,920,924,930,934,938,943,948,953,957,962,966,970,976,981,985,990,995,1000,1005,1010,1014,1019,1024,1029,1034,1039,1044,1049,1055,1059,1064,1069,1075,1080],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269627","European Research Council","ERC Advanced Grant","The emergence of understanding from the combination of innate mechanisms and visual experience",null,"WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","IL",2011,"€1,647,175","The goal of this research initiative is to construct large-scale computational modeling of how knowledge of the world emerges from the combination of innate mechanisms and visual experience. The ultimate goal is a ‘digital baby’ model which, through perception and interaction with the world, develops on its own representations of complex concepts that allow it to understand the world around it, in terms of objects, object categories, events, agents, actions, goals, social interactions, etc. A we",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":19,"abstract":20},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267637","The Quantum Microscope","€2,112,146","We propose to build an optical microscope that will use novel quantum optical concepts in order to break the Rayleigh-Abbe resolution limits of standard optical microscopy. Optical microscopy is still the workhorse of biological and medical research, allowing researchers direct visible view of the microscopic world, and any improvement in the field could have significant impact. Several innovative techniques have been demonstrated in recent years to achieve super resolution, most relate to fluor",{"id":22,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":23,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":24,"abstract":25},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268585","Unravelling oncogenic defects in feedback control of receptor tyrosine kinases","€2,228,180","Cellular growth and migration depend on intracellular communication webs mediated by polypeptide growth factors. One example comprises EGF-like growth factors and their ErbB receptor tyrosine kinases. EGFR and HER2 are frequently involved in cancer progression, and they serve as targets for cancer therapeutics. The existence of a kinase-dead receptor, as well as the emergence of resistance in patients treated with EGFR and HER2 blockers, instigated a paradigm shift from a linear EGF-to-ErbB casc",{"id":27,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":28,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":29,"abstract":30},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267093","Statistical and Nonlinear Physics of Amorphous Solids","€1,792,858","I propose an extensive and ambitious program to greatly increase our understanding of the properties of amorphous solids, focusing mainly on the mechanical and  magnetic properties of these fascinating materials, including their modes of failure via plastic flow, shear banding and fracture. Amorphous solids are important in many modern engineering applications, including as important examples structural glasses, metallic glasses and polymeric glasses. Our work combines a careful analysis of  com",{"id":32,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":33,"piName":10,"institution":34,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":36,"abstract":37},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268926","The ecological significance of telomere dynamics: environments, individuals and inheritance","UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW","UK","€2,113,818","The current pace of change is such that many organisms face ever more rapid and severe fluctuations in their physical and biotic environments. A major challenge for ecologists and evolutionary biologists is in understanding how this will influence individuals, populations and ecosystems, and over what time scale such effects will occur. There is now great interest in so called 'maternal effects', which can generate rapid phenotypic responses, with both positive and negative fitness consequences ",{"id":39,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":40,"piName":10,"institution":41,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":43,"abstract":44},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269019","Mimicking pathogens; an integrated nano-medicine approach to developing intelligent cancer vaccines.","STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITEIT","NL","€2,498,680","Tumour cells survive and grow because they are not effectively recognized by the immune system as ¿foreign¿ and are therefore not attacked and destroyed like most pathogens. We have already demonstrated the clinical value of dendritic cell (DC) vaccines that activate the immune system to fight cancer. Treating more than 300 patients with metastatic melanoma, we achieved extended survival in 40% of patients by maturing dendritic cells from the patient¿s blood in-vitro, loading them with cancer-sp",{"id":46,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":47,"piName":10,"institution":48,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":49,"abstract":50},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268800","The neurobiology of schemas: knowledge acquisition and consolidation","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","€3,051,404","This Co-Investigator Application is an interdisciplinary experimental analysis of the neurobiological mechanisms by which we acquire knowledge. Our approach builds on the foundations of contemporary cognitive neuroscience, particularly ideas about the neural mechanisms of declarative memory, and upon recent findings of the participating laboratories (Morris, Fernández) that have each addressed key issues associated with the rapid acquisition and assimilation of new associative information into e",{"id":52,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":53,"piName":10,"institution":54,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":56,"abstract":57},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267436","Exploring the physics of 3-dimensional topological insulators","JULIUS-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAT WURZBURG","DE","€2,419,590","Topological insulators constitute a novel class of materials where the topological details of the bulk band structure induce a robust surface state on the edges of the material. While transport data for 2-dimensional topological insulators have recently become available, experiments on their 3-dimensional counterparts are mainly limited to photoelectron spectroscopy. At the same time, a plethora of interesting novel physical phenomena have been predicted to occur in such systems.In this proposal",{"id":59,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":60,"piName":10,"institution":54,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":61,"abstract":62},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267155","The versatile metal-boron multiple bond: application of borylenes to metathesis, catalysis, and macromolecules","€2,496,762","Borylated molecules and polymers are of great interest due to their broad application in organic synthesis and materials science. The functionalisation of organic substrates with boryl groups R2B  is based on classical synthetic methods e.g. hydro- and diboration of C-C multiple bonds. Likewise, borylenes B-R should be versatile reagents for corresponding functionalisations, however, the chemistry of such species remained unexplored due to their high instability.Pioneering work in our laboratori",{"id":64,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":65,"piName":10,"institution":66,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":68,"abstract":69},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269591","Social Cohesion, Identity and Religion in Europe, 400-1200","UNIVERSITAT WIEN","AT","€1,983,000","The period between 400 and 1200 AD saw the emergence of new fundamental modes of identification in Europe. Firstly, strong religious identities took shape and became hegemonial over vast regions where Christian communities developed. And secondly, new kingdoms with ethnic denominations were formed, and the Roman empire gave way to a pluralistic political landscape. Most ethnic designations for medieval and modern states in fact go back to that period. Both processes, not least through their inte",{"id":71,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":72,"piName":10,"institution":66,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":74},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268595","Microbial Ecology of the DEep Atlantic pelagic realm","€2,500,000","The project aims at elucidating a major enigma in microbial ecology, i.e., the metabolic activity of prokaryotic communities in the deep sea under in situ pressure conditions, rather than under surface pressure conditions, as commonly done. Analysis of the global data set of prokaryotic abundance indicates that about 40% of prokaryotes reside in depth below 1000m depth with a phylogenetic composition different from that in surface waters. Using a recently fabricated high-pressure sampling and in",{"id":76,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":77,"piName":10,"institution":66,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":78,"abstract":79},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267116","Nonlinear studies of water flows with vorticity","€1,324,797","The aim of the project is to build and promote a team of excellence in the mathematical theory of water flows, with emphasis on nonlinear aspects. Our aim is to advance the state-of-the-art of water flows with vorticity. Flows within a fixed fluid domain as well as free surface flows will be considered and we strive to provide an accurate description of the entire flow; for example, the flow beneath a water wave and not just a description of the water wave profile. Problems of this type are curr",{"id":81,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":82,"piName":10,"institution":83,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":84,"abstract":85},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269110","Exploiting plants for the production of future generation recombinant pharmaceuticals","ST GEORGE'S HOSPITAL MEDICAL SCHOOL","€3,488,863","Biopharmaceutical proteins are typically produced in cultivated mammalian cells, a costly process with limited scalability. Thus products such as monoclonal antibodies are very expensive and often beyond the reach of the world’s poor. The problem is compounded by the fact that important strategies for preventing diseases such as HIV and rabies typically involve large doses of multiple antibodies and other virucidal proteins. Plants have emerged as alternative production platforms for biopharmace",{"id":87,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":88,"piName":10,"institution":89,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":91},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267333","The Dynamic Protein Matrix in Photosynthesis: From Disorder to Life.","STICHTING VU","€2,864,400","In photosynthesis solar light is harvested by an antenna, the energy is transferred to the photosynthetic reaction center where a charge separation occurs. These processes occur on an ultrafast timescale and result in a stable product. The photosynthetic apparatus consists of a complex set of pigment-proteins that perform these delicate processes with a quantum efficiency close to 1. Proteins are intrinsically disordered and display dynamics over a fast range oof times, from femtoseconds to seco",{"id":93,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":94,"piName":10,"institution":95,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":96,"abstract":97},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268987","Protective and pathogenic immunological memory and its organisation by stroma cells","DEUTSCHES RHEUMA FORSCHUNGSZENTRUMBERLIN","€2,465,000","Immunological memory provides immunity against recurrent pathogens, but also can induce and regulate immunopathology. In chronic immune-mediated diseases, a pathogenic immunological memory probably is the essential driver of inflammation, refractory to physiological regulation and state-of-the-art therapeutic immunosuppression, and thus a challenge for the development of novel, curative therapeutic strategies. Despite its relevance, immunological memory is poorly understood. We recently discover",{"id":99,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":100,"piName":10,"institution":101,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":103,"abstract":104},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269754","A Unified Model of Induction","ETABLISSEMENT D'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR CONSULAIRE HAUTES ETUDES COMMERCIALES DE PARIS","FR","€240,000","In a recent paper with Larry Samuelson and David Schmeidler, we have proposed a model of inductive learning that unifies Bayesian, case-based, and rule-based learning. The model allows one to study the dynamics of induction, and, in particular, it showed that under fairly reasonable conditions, a reasoner who does not know the process she is facing is likely to converge to put more weight on case-based reasoning viz. a viz. Bayesian reasoning. The present proposal aims to generalize and extend t",{"id":106,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":107,"piName":10,"institution":108,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":110,"abstract":111},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268543","Robustness of The Web of Life in the Face of Global Change","UNIVERSITAT ZURICH","CH","€1,700,000","Recent work on complex networks has provided a theoretical framework to unravel the structure of the Web of Life. Yet, we still know little on the implications of network architecture for the robustness of beneficial network services such as pollination of crop plants. In this proposal, I intend to move beyond current studies of global environmental change that have mainly focused on its consequences for the abundance, phenology, and geographic distributions of independent species, to embrace ef",{"id":113,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":114,"piName":10,"institution":115,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":116,"abstract":117},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290925","Spectroscopy, Quantum Dynamics and Electroweak Parity Violation in Chiral Molecules","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","€1,579,600","The PI and his group have in theoretical and preparatory experimental efforts approached one of the most fundamental questions of molecular physics, concerning the role of parity violation in chiral molecules, with consequences for physical stereochemistry. The traditional point of view assigns exactly equal ground state energies to the enantiomers of chiral molecules. However, with the discovery of parity violation in physics we expect a small “parity violating” energy difference D, correspondi",{"id":119,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":120,"piName":10,"institution":115,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":121,"abstract":122},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267351","Seamless Integration of Neurons with CMOS Microelectronics","€2,498,000","We propose to seamlessly integrate advanced microelectronics and living neuronal cells in a comprehensive and interdisciplinary approach to significantly advance the understanding of neuronal behaviour. The project includes (a) the development of a novel multifunctional microelectronics chip platform in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology, which serves to enable (b) key neurobiological and neuromedical research on network dynamics and plasticity of rodent neuronal networks ",{"id":124,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":125,"piName":10,"institution":115,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":126,"abstract":127},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268853","Resistance systems and population structure of parasites","€2,100,000","The study of parasitism is important for human welfare but also addresses basic scientific questions cutting across biological disciplines. Traditionally, studies of host-parasite interactions have used various scenarios of how genotypes of the two parties interact based on well-developed theory. Yet, one of the most striking observations is the huge variation in resistance systems across organisms. We lack an appreciation of the diversity of these resistance systems and how they affect, in turn",{"id":129,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":130,"piName":10,"institution":115,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":131,"abstract":132},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268928","Lymphatic Vessels in Inflammation and Cancer Metastasis","€2,493,300","Primary cancers can induce lymphatic vessel growth (lymphangiogenesis), enhancing metastasis to draining lymph nodes (LNs). We found that tumors also induce lymphangiogenesis in draining LNs, leading to increased cancer spread to distal LNs and beyond. Very recently, we found that lymphatic vessel activation in peripheral tissues and draining LNs also plays a previously unanticipated role in the control of chronic inflammatory diseases. This proposal aims at a comprehensive characterization of t",{"id":134,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":135,"piName":10,"institution":115,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":136},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268004","Microrobotics and Nanomedicine","The introduction of minimally invasive surgery in the 1980’s created a paradigm shift in surgical procedures. Health care is now in a position to make a more dramatic leap by integrating newly developed wireless microrobotic technologies with nanomedicine to perform precisely targeted, localized endoluminal techniques. Devices capable of entering the human body through natural orifices or small incisions to deliver drugs, perform diagnostic procedures, and excise and repair tissue will be used. ",{"id":138,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":139,"piName":10,"institution":115,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":140,"abstract":141},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268540","The population biology of drug resistance: Key principles for a more sustainable use of drugs","€2,272,403","The evolution of drug resistance and its control represents a considerable challenge in very different biological contexts ranging from pesticide resistance in agriculture to antimicrobial resistance in clinical settings and even extends beyond infectious pathogens, as resistance also evolves in cancer chemotherapy. Naturally, the recommendations for the optimal use of drugs to minimise resistance differ for different biological contexts. In some cases, similar strategies for vastly different pa",{"id":143,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":144,"piName":10,"institution":115,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":145,"abstract":146},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268930","Regulation of cell growth and division by selective degradation mechanisms","€2,426,976","Cell growth and division are tightly regulated by phosphorylation and selective degradation of cellular components. Whereas autophagy is mainly responsible to eliminate long-lived proteins and organelles, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) rapidly degrades proteins when fast adaptation is needed. Defects in these degradation systems accounts for numerous human diseases, including cancer, muscle dystrophies, viral and bacterial infections and neurodegeneration. While rapid progress has been ma",{"id":148,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":149,"piName":10,"institution":150,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":151,"abstract":152},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267348","Towards Perfect Chemical Reactors:Engineering the Enhanced Control of Reaction Pathways at Molecular Level via Fundamental Concepts of Process Intensification","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","€2,298,789","Molecular-level control of chemical reactions presents undoubtedly the most important scientific challenge on the way to fully sustainable processes. Factors responsible for the effectiveness of a reaction include number\u002Ffrequency of molecular collisions, orientation of molecules at the moment of collisions and their energy. Current reactors offer a very limited control of the above factors. Reactions usually take place in random geometries and the energy is brought to molecules by conductive he",{"id":154,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":155,"piName":10,"institution":150,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":156},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267922","In-situ NanoElectrical Measurements in a Transmission Electron Microscope","Nanocharacterization techniques are becoming increasingly important. They help us to determine local atomic arrangements, element compositions as well as electronic structures. High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) is the most powerful and widely accepted technique. However, until recently in-situ HRTEM did not show sufficient resolution to image changes on the atomic scale. In the last five years, my group has pioneered advanced specimen holders towards in-situ HRTEM. We have",{"id":158,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":159,"piName":10,"institution":160,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":161,"abstract":162},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267877","Seamless Human Robot Interaction in Dynamic Environments","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€2,490,000","A major barrier exists preventing today's and future interactive robots from smoothly acting in joint workspaces in real-world and in an efficient and socially compatible manner on human terms. Robots lack the ability to plan actions in a timely manner in order to match dynamics of environment and humans. Environment and human motion dynamics have to be known and represented in a way that sufficient prediction and planning quality is provided even in complex dynamic scenarios with many interacti",{"id":164,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":165,"piName":10,"institution":160,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":166,"abstract":167},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267104","Towards the Construction of the Fundamental Theory of Flavour","€1,578,400","Six quarks and six leptons of different kinds, referred to as flavours, form the modern periodic table of the fundamental building blocks of matter. The Standard Model of particle physics successfully describes these elementary particles and the forces between them. A deeper understanding of the flavour structure of quarks and leptons, of their masses and couplings, is however still missing.Decisive new experiments are about to start in particle physics (LHC, high-intensity flavour facilities). ",{"id":169,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":170,"piName":10,"institution":171,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":172},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269072","The Plant Immune System: a multidisciplinary approach to uncover how plants simultaneously deal with beneficial and parasitic organisms to maximize profits and protection","UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT","In nature, plants live in complex environments in which they are attacked by a multitude of pathogens and pests. In agriculture this leads to tremendous annual crop losses, representing a value of over 450 billion worldwide. Beneficial associations between plants and other organisms are abundant in nature as well, improving plant growth or aiding plants to overcome biotic or abiotic stress. In the past years, we pioneered research on the complexity of the natural plant immune system that is enga",{"id":174,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":175,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":176,"abstract":177},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268646","Tracking and Targeting a T-DNA Vector for Precise Engineering of Plant Genomes","€1,958,408","DNA introduced into a cell usually integrates, if at all, at random in the genome. In order for gene targeting to take place, a small vector must scan a huge genome that is packaged in chromatin, identify and bind the target, and engage in strand exchange. This formidable task is likely to be rate limiting. Our goal is to study the process of genome scanning by the vector, to track it from the time of transformation through genome integration and to assist the vector to identify the homologous t",{"id":179,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":180,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":182,"abstract":183},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267764","The construction of Planet Earth","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","€2,498,761","The first 150 M.yrs of Earth evolution were the most dramatic in the history of the planet, setting the scene for the development of plate tectonics, the Earth’s magnetic field and the origin of life. By the end of this period Earth had separated into core, mantle, crust and atmosphere and the Moon had formed by, it is presumed, a giant impact near the end of accretion. The aim of this project is to quantify the processes by which, during Earth’s earliest evolution, the chemical elements were di",{"id":185,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":186,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":187,"abstract":188},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269797","Landscape and Identities: the case of the English Landscape 1500 BC- Ad1086","€2,059,935","The five-year EngLaId project will look at the long-term history of the English landscape from 1500 BC to AD 1086, combining evidence on landscape features, such as track-ways,fields and settlements, with the distribution of metalwork. The project aims to understand how people built relations with each other and broader cosmological forces from the start of the settled landscape to the early Medieval world. The project will combine a mass of digital data on landscapes and artefacts to uncover bo",{"id":190,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":191,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":192,"abstract":193},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268513","Genome Evolution in the Animal Kingdom","€1,735,016","Like everything in biology, the genome is a product of evolution. In our own history, mutations that duplicate genes have generated extensive multigene families and classes, including a great diversity of transcriptional regulators involved in development of cells, tissues and organs. For example, two complete genome duplication events occurred in early vertebrate evolution (known as 2R), a third genome duplication occurred at the base of teleost fish (3R), and there were extensive tandem gene d",{"id":195,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":196,"piName":10,"institution":197,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":198,"abstract":199},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267281","Biomimetic Late Stage Aromatisation Reactions: from Cancer Chemotherapy to Novel Polymers","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","€1,960,938","The applicant is seeking funding to support research on late stage biomimetic syntheses of resorcylates from readily available non-aromatic precursors. A series of diketo-dioxinones will be synthesised using mild Claisen condensation reactions and converted into the reactive intermediates triacyl-ketenes by retro-Diels Alder reactions. These will be trapped with alcohols to directly provide the corresponding resorcylate esters and related macrocyclic lactones. These compounds are of considerable",{"id":201,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":202,"piName":10,"institution":197,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":203,"abstract":204},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267382","Five Challenges in Computational Anatomy","€1,740,000","New medical imaging technologies encode human anatomy in a wide variety of data structures. Computational Anatomy (CA) offers an approach to synthesize this plethora of data by comparison of anatomical features using smooth invertible transformations specific to the data structure.This proposal is for work to develop new mathematical and numerical methods for image analysis in the framework of CA, aimed at meeting the following five challenges in image analysis for the comparison and interpolati",{"id":206,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":207,"piName":10,"institution":208,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":209,"abstract":210},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267352","Exploring the Terauniverse with the LHC, Astrophysics and Cosmology","ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE","€1,928,700","The visible matter in the Universe is well described by the Standard Model, but this leaves open major questions in both particle physics and cosmology that may be answered by new physics at the Tera-electron-Volt range: the Terascale. The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) will soon open a new stage in humanity’s direct exploration of the fundamental physical laws at Terascale energies, which governed the evolution of the Universe a fraction of a second after the Big Bang, and are essential for unders",{"id":212,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":213,"piName":10,"institution":48,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":214},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268880","Elucidation of the molecular and functional basis of disease phenotypes in the rat model","Recent genetic studies have identified hundreds of susceptibility genes for common human diseases but genetic effects are small and identifying underlying mechanisms remains challenging. Rodent models offer significant advantages for analysis of disease phenotypes. Advances in genome resources and gene targeting have increased the attractiveness of the rat model for genetic studies but progress has been hampered by absence of relevant rat genome sequences.We recently sequenced the genome of the ",{"id":216,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":217,"piName":10,"institution":218,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":219,"abstract":220},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269616","Divided Metacognition: when epistemic norms conflict","ECOLE NORMALE SUPERIEURE","€2,360,136","The present project aims to provide a naturalistic account of epistemic norms, and of the associated epistemic awareness in  children and adults from different cultures. Epistemics norms (ENs) such as intelligibility, relevance, truth, coherence and consensus are dimensions on which mental contents can be evaluated for their contribution to knowledge acquisition. Although EN sensitivity is central in education, little is known about 1) how to systematically analyze and inventory ENs, nor about  ",{"id":222,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":223,"piName":10,"institution":224,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":225,"abstract":226},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267405","Hybrid Nanosystems in phospholipid membranes","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€2,368,320","The cell membrane is the biological platform for many vital processes such as photosynthesis, cell-cell contact, biomolecular recognition, endocytosis and ion transport. Artificial phospholipid membranes play an important role in unravelling the physical and chemical characteristics of membranes and their microscopic role in membrane function. On the other hand a manifold of novel hybrid nanosystems consisting of different nano-objects and exhibiting specific physical and chemical functions have",{"id":228,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":229,"piName":10,"institution":224,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":230,"abstract":231},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267854","Multidimensional laser frequency comb spectroscopy of molecules","€2,389,400","The advent of laser frequency combs a decade ago has revolutionized optical frequency metrology. Such combs have become enabling tools for a growing tree of applications, from optical atomic clocks to attosecond science.Recently, the millions of precisely controlled laser comb lines produced with a train of ultrashort laser pulses have been harnessed for highly multiplexed molecular spectroscopy.Fourier multi-heterodyne spectroscopy with frequency combs is emerging as a powerful new spectroscopi",{"id":233,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":234,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":236,"abstract":237},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267800","Mechanism of Regulated Transcription Initiation","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€2,226,067","The regulation of gene transcription governs eukaryotic cell growth and differentiation. Despite its importance, transcription regulation is not understood at a mechanistic level. Regulation occurs mainly during initiation, when the enzyme RNA polymerase II (Pol II) assembles with ~50 polypeptides on promoter DNA. Regulatory signals are transmitted by the 25-subunit Mediator, and convert the initiation complex into a productive elongation complex. Ten years after the solution of the Pol II struc",{"id":239,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":240,"piName":10,"institution":224,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":241,"abstract":242},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268795","Chemical Approaches to Restoring Vision","€2,484,613","Blindness affects millions of people worldwide and has devastating consequences for those affected. It is often caused by a loss of photoreceptors in the retina, whose residual cellular network remains largely unaffected. Various strategies have been chosen to restore vision, such as electrical stimulation with retinal implants. More recently, natural photoreceptor proteins and stem cells have been explored. We propose a radically different ¿photopharmacological¿ approach toward vision restorati",{"id":244,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":245,"piName":10,"institution":246,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":247,"abstract":248},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268094","Science Friction","STICHTING NEDERLANDSE WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK INSTITUTEN","€2,494,000","There is no fundamental law that dictates the necessity of losing energy in a sliding contact. In spite of its apparent simplicity, we have a relatively poor understanding of the mechanisms that determine how energy is lost when two bodies are forced to slide over one another. The SciFri project will launch a research attack on friction that will not only deepen our fundamental insight into this important phenomenon but also involves the development of several strategies to significantly lower o",{"id":250,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":251,"piName":10,"institution":246,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":252,"abstract":253},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267634","Plasmonic Metamaterials","€2,286,000","IIn this program I will demonstrate control of light at length scales well below the free-space wavelength, leading to entirely new fundamental phenomena and important applications. The research program is built on specially engineered metamaterials composed of metal nanostructures that support surface plasmons that are embedded in a dielectric. The program is composed of three strongly related topics:1) I will experimentally demonstrate an entirely new class of optical metamaterials that posses",{"id":255,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":256,"piName":10,"institution":257,"country":258,"year":13,"amount":259,"abstract":260},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269608","Regime and Society in Eastern Europe (1956 - 1989). From Extended Reproduction to Social and Political Change","SOFIA UNIVERSITY ST KLIMENT OHRIDSKI","BG","€1,026,120","The ambition of this project rests on the long-established tradition of the comparative politico-historical and interdisciplinary studies of the totalitarian regimes and on the theoretical efforts to elucidate the social dynamics and social change in Eastern Europe during the so called real socialism. It will deal with the relations between regime and society in an attempt to highlight the growing tensions between them.Without neglecting the important role of the geopolitical confrontation and t",{"id":262,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":263,"piName":10,"institution":264,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":265,"abstract":266},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267563","Functional Biosupramolecular Systems:  Photosystems and Sensors","UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE","€1,906,200","The general objective of this proposal is to discover access to ordered, soft and smart matter for use in materials sciences (e.g. molecular optoelectronics, organic solar cells), biology, medicine and chemistry.Specific aim 1 focuses on two complementary approaches (zipper assembly; self-organizing surface-initiated polymerization, SOSIP) to build artificial photosystems on solid surfaces, including supramolecular n\u002Fp-heterojunctions with oriented multicolor antiparallel redox gradients (“OMARG",{"id":268,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":269,"piName":10,"institution":270,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":271,"abstract":272},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269586","Dynamic Landscapes, Coastal Environments and Human Dispersals","UNIVERSITY OF YORK","€2,550,000","We aim to understand the relationship between dynamic changes in physical landscapes and patterns of human dispersal and development in prehistory, paying particular attention to the impact of active tectonics and sea-level change. We will:• Introduce and develop concepts and techniques of tectonic geomorphology and mapping to analyse the relationship between geological instability, complex topographies, and archaeological remains at a variety of geographical scales• Focus on the western Arabian",{"id":274,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":275,"piName":10,"institution":276,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":277,"abstract":278},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268073","Domain-optimised parallelisation by polymorphic language embeddings and rewritings","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE","€2,392,400","Concurrent and parallel programming are becoming indispensable forexploiting modern hardware. Because possible speed increases of singleprocessors have reached their limit, increasing transistor count willyield more, but not necessarily faster cores, and this for theforeseeable future. This means that, from now on, parallelism insoftware will have to double every 18 months to keep up withhardware. This problem has been identified as the ``Popular ParallelProgramming'' grand challenge by the comp",{"id":280,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":281,"piName":10,"institution":276,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":282},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267635","Rigidity: Groups, Geometry and Cohomology","Our proposal has three components:1. Unitarizable representations.2. Spaces and groups of non-positive curvature.3. Bounds for characteristic classes.The three parts are independent and each one is justified by major well-known conjectures and\u002For ambitious goals. Nevertheless, there is a unifying theme: Group Theory and its relations to Geometry, Dynamics and Analysis.In the first part, we study the Dixmier Unitarizability Problem. Even though it has remained open for 60 years, it has witnessed ",{"id":284,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":285,"piName":10,"institution":276,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":286},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268721","KRAB\u002FKAP1-mediated gene regulation in mammalian physiology and human diseases","This project aims at exploring the roles or KRAB\u002FKAP1-mediated gene regulation in mammalian physiology and the possible impact of its dysfunctions on human health. The proper control of gene expression is paramount to all biological events, and is orchestrated through a sophisticated balance of activating and repressing influences. The mouse and human genomes contain around four hundred genes encoding KRAB-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs), a family of tetrapod-restricted sequence-spec",{"id":288,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":289,"piName":10,"institution":276,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":290,"abstract":291},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268689","Synaptic multi-factor learning rules: from action potentials to behaviour","€2,449,218","If we are ever to unravel the mysteries of learning, we need a strong theoretical framework that will enable us to trace behavioural properties of memory formation and action learning back to rules for changes of synaptic connections. Experiments on the cell and microcircuit level need hypothesis from theory in order to drive the experimental search for plasticity rules and organize the vast amount of data collected in different labs across Europe and the world. Potential links between synaptic ",{"id":293,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":294,"piName":10,"institution":276,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":295,"abstract":296},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268058","Exploring Mobile Interfaces:  Domain Walls as Functional Elements","€2,475,600","Very recent findings by our group and others reveal that ferroelectric interfaces can show strongly enhanced properties and remarkable new effects with potential for exploitation in devices. In particular, new phases at broadened domain walls [DWs], conductivity and possibility for ferromagnetism in ferroelectric DWs and giant response in materials possessing high density ferroelectric DWs were shownDWs form spontaneously in ferroelectrics. Their functionality, widely recognized is neither quant",{"id":298,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":299,"piName":10,"institution":276,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":300,"abstract":301},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267439","A functional framework for sparse, non-gaussian signal processing and bioimaging","€2,106,994","In recent years, the research focus in signal processing has shifted away from the classical linear paradigm, which is intimately linked with the theory of stationary Gaussian processes. Instead of considering Fourier transforms and performing quadratic optimization, researchers are presently favoring wavelet-like representations and have adopted ”sparsity” as design paradigm.Our ambition is to develop a unifying operator-based framework for signal processing that would provide the ``sparse coun",{"id":303,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":304,"piName":10,"institution":305,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":306,"abstract":307},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267376","Engineering of Supported Molten Salt Catalysts for Dehydrogenation Reactions and Hydrogen Production Technologies","FRIEDRICH-ALEXANDER-UNIVERSITAET ERLANGEN-NUERNBERG","€1,862,400","The ultimate goal in the development of more efficient catalytic technologies is to combine selectivity, productivity, robustness and ease of processing on the highest possible level. For this purpose, new approaches to integrate molecular catalysis into heterogeneous systems are required. This H2-SMS-CAT project aims to establish homogeneous catalysis in heterogeneous systems in the temperature range of 200°C to 500°C. The project will focus on the engineering of Supported Molten Salt catalysts",{"id":309,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":310,"piName":10,"institution":311,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":313},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267381","Limitations, Estimation, Adaptivity, Reinforcement and Networks in System Identification","Linköping University","SE","The objective with this proposal is to provide design tools and algorithms for model management in robust, adaptive and  autonomous engineering systems. The increasing demands on reliable models for systems of ever greater complexity have pointed to several insufficiencies in today's techniques for model construction. The proposal addresses key areas where new ideas are required. Modeling a central issue in many scientific fields. System Identification is the term used in the Automatic Control C",{"id":315,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":316,"piName":10,"institution":317,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":318,"abstract":319},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267528","Towards Cost-Efficient Flexible Heterogeneous Integration for Micro- and Nanosystem Fabrication","KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLAN","€2,279,800","This proposal targets the development of flexible heterogeneous integration schemes for combining best-of-class materials, components and manufacturing methods into economically viable micro- and nanosystem (MEMS) solutions.Today, the IC industry drives the development of most micro- and nanofabrication technologies, which are characterized by standardized processes, very large production volumes of >10.000 wafers\u002Fmonth and enormous capital investments. In contrast, the vast majority of MEMS dem",{"id":321,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":322,"piName":10,"institution":323,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":324,"abstract":325},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267443","Novel Process Windows - Boosted Micro Process Technology","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN","€2,496,100","Novel Process Windows (NPW) is an entirely new way of process design to boost micro process technology for the production of high-added value fine chemicals. Such process intensification demands for microstructured reactors with their excellent capabilities on mass and heat transfer and short residence times with prime constructional and functional features. This proposal is truly comprehensive and holistic as it includes four projects with different NPW facets; starting from a molecular-mechani",{"id":327,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":328,"piName":10,"institution":329,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":331,"abstract":332},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267675","Star clusters as cosmic laboratories for Astrophysics, Dynamics and Fundamental Physics","ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - UNIVERSITA DI BOLOGNA","IT","€1,880,000","Galactic Globular Clusters (GCs) are the most populous, old and dense stellar systems in the Galaxy. Their study addresses fundamental astrophysical  questions, ranging from the Galaxy formation, to stellar evolution and dynamics. With Cosmic-Lab we intend to use these  natural laboratories to perform three original experiments which will have a major  impact on several areas of modern Physics and  Astrophysics. To this aim we will adopt as test particles three classes of exotica (namely blue st",{"id":334,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":335,"piName":10,"institution":336,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":337},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268906","Image Guided Local Drug Delivery from Nanocarriers  using Focused Ultrasound","UNIVERSITAIR MEDISCH CENTRUM UTRECHT","The principal objective of the Sound Pharma project is to increase the therapeutic index of potent, often toxic treatments through personalized image-guided treatment, which ultimately decreases adverse effects of drugs by better controlling the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of therapy.  For local disease, exogenous energy will be used to to release drugs entrapped within nanoparticles circulating through the tumor. This will be achieved via a combination of Focused Ultrasound,",{"id":339,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":340,"piName":10,"institution":341,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":342,"abstract":343},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268858","Neurogenesis in the adult human brain","KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET","€2,491,235","One of the characteristics of the central nervous system is its plasticity, with for example a remarkable capacity to store new information. It was for long time thought that there was very little plasticity in terms of exchanging cells and that we essentially were limited to the neurons we were born with. It is now well established that new neurons are added to certain regions of the adult brain in most mammals, although it has been very difficult to study in humans.The proposed project aims to",{"id":345,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":346,"piName":10,"institution":341,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":347},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268815","GEnetic NEtworks as a tool for anti-CAncer Drug Development","Although several therapies target cellular pathways, current small molecules drug discovery is based on identification of inhibitors to single proteins, without knowledge of whether they are the most advantageous target. The objective of this proposal is to develop a novel method for drug discovery, combining phenotypic cell based screens with functional genetic networks to determine the molecular mechanisms of numerous small molecule inhibitors. This method will enable identification of numerou",{"id":349,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":350,"piName":10,"institution":341,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":351},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268628","Linking glutamatergic spinal cord and brainstem neuronal circuits to the control of locomotor behavior","Locomotion is an essential motor act that for the most part is controlled by neuronal circuits in the spinal cord itself, called central pattern generators (CPGs), although their activity is turned on from centers in the brainstem. Understanding the operation of CPG circuits in mammals has been a significant challenge to neuroscientists over the last 50 years. The CPG for walking generates rhythm, as well as the precise patterns of muscular activity. The neural assembly that is directly involved",{"id":353,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":354,"piName":10,"institution":355,"country":356,"year":13,"amount":357,"abstract":358},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267864","ASTERoseismic Investigations with SONG and Kepler","AARHUS UNIVERSITET","DK","€2,498,149","The project aims at a breakthrough in our understanding of stellar evolution, by combining advanced observations of stellar oscillations with state-of-the-art modelling of stars. This will largely be based on very extensive and precise data on stellar oscillations from the NASA Kepler mission launched in March 2009, but additional high-quality data will also be included. In particular, my group is developing the global SONG network for observations of stellar oscillations. These observational ef",{"id":360,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":361,"piName":10,"institution":355,"country":356,"year":13,"amount":362,"abstract":363},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268523","Carbohydrate signals controlling nodulation","€2,399,127","Mechanisms governing interaction between multicellular organisms and microbes are central for understanding pathogenesis, symbiosis and the function of ecosystems. We propose to address these mechanisms by pioneering an interdisciplinary approach for understanding cellular signalling, response processes and organ development. The challenge is to determine factors synchronising three processes, organogenesis, infection thread formation and bacterial infection, running in parallel to build a root ",{"id":365,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":366,"piName":10,"institution":367,"country":356,"year":13,"amount":368,"abstract":369},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267233","How oxygen regulates the structure and function of microbial ecosystems","SYDDANSK UNIVERSITET","€2,568,194","Our project is called OXYGEN.  Our aim is to develop and use cutting-edge high-sensitivity oxygen detection systems to explore how oxygen regulates the metabolism of aerobic and anaerobic organisms in experimental systems and in nature. We will explore and understand the complex structure of low oxygen ecosystems on the present Earth, and the evolution of  these ecosystems through time in the face of changing concentrations of atmospheric oxygen.",{"id":371,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":372,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":374,"abstract":375},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269853","Cracking the columnar-level code in the visual hierarchy: Ultra high-field functional MRI, neuro-cognitive modelling and high-resolution brain-computer interfaces","UNIVERSITEIT MAASTRICHT","€2,473,381","Recent developments of high-field functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have advanced the level of functional detail to sub-millimetre spatial resolution. This is of critical importance because in the mammalian cortex, small functional cortical patches appear to constitute fundamental units of brain function. These functional units are often organized as cortical columns that contain clusters of neurons with similar functional preferences. The present project will investigate what feature",{"id":377,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":378,"piName":10,"institution":379,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":380,"abstract":381},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268632","Dreaming of no more renal dialysis: how self-derived tissue and cells can replace renal function","ISTITUTO DI RICERCHE FARMACOLOGICHE MARIO NEGRI","€2,493,000","For chronic kidney diseases there is little chance that the vast majority of the world¿s population will have access to renal replacement therapy with dialysis. There is yet no adequate alternative with curative intent than allo-transplantation. This approach is seriously impaired by eventually limited graft survival and by the scarce availability of donors. We propose an innovative strategy that would help to simultaneously overwhelm the reduced access to dialysis, the need for organs for trans",{"id":383,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":384,"piName":10,"institution":385,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":386,"abstract":387},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269463","A new method for cross-cultural and cross-temporal comparison of societies","CARDIFF UNIVERSITY","€2,260,082","A new way to compare societies across space and time will be developed. The method is based on the `Imitation Game’, which is related to the `Turing Test’. Non-members’ try convince a judge they are members of minority or excluded groups and vice-versa. Success over a series of repetitions indicates good cultural understanding of the `target’ group.  The method could have shown, for example, the extent to which the black slave population of the US had to understand white society to survive, whil",{"id":389,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":390,"piName":10,"institution":391,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":392,"abstract":393},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267897","Designing new technical wastewater treatment solutions targeted for organic micropollutant biodegradation, by understanding enzymatic pathways and assessing detoxification","Bundesanstalt fuer Gewaesserkunde","€3,473,400","The identification of degradation pathways relevant for organic micropollutants in biological wastewater treatment processes is currently a major gap, preventing a profound evaluation of the capability of biological wastewater treatment. By elucidating the responsible enzymatic reactions of mixed microbial populations this project will cover this gap and thereby allow finding technical solutions that harness the true potential of biological processes for an enhanced biodegradation and detoxifica",{"id":395,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":396,"piName":10,"institution":397,"country":398,"year":13,"amount":399,"abstract":400},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269073","Targeting endothelial metabolism: a novel anti-angiogenic therapy","VIB VZW","BE","€2,365,224","Current anti-angiogenesis based anti-tumor therapy relies on starving tumors by blocking their vascular supply via inhibition of growth factors. However, limitations such as resistance and toxicity, mandate conceptually distinct approaches. We will explore an entirely novel and long-overlooked strategy to discover additional anti-angiogenic candidates, based on the following innovative concept: ¿rather than STARVING TUMORS BY BLOCKING THEIR VASCULAR SUPPLY, we intend TO STARVE BLOOD VESSELS BY B",{"id":402,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":403,"piName":10,"institution":397,"country":398,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":404},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268675","Role of microRNA dysregulation in Alzheimers Disease","Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a major health problem in aging societies. Remarkable progress in the study of the rare genetic forms of the disease has lead to the identification of several key players like APP and the secretases, but the molecular basis of sporadic AD remains largely unresolved. The convergence of several factors (multicausality) has to be considered. miRNAs are crucially involved in normal brain functioning and integrity. Evidence obtained from analyzing a limited number of brain",{"id":406,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":407,"piName":10,"institution":408,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":409,"abstract":410},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268946","An Integrated Network of  Glucose Sensing Cells in Glucose Homeostasis","UNIVERSITE DE LAUSANNE","€2,499,421","Glucose sensing cells constantly monitor glucose absorption from food and variations in blood glycemic levels. They control the secretion of GLP-1, insulin and glucagon, and the activity of the autonomic nervous system. These hormonal and nervous signals coordinate glucose utilization by liver, fat and muscle, and endogenous glucose production as well as feeding and energy expenditure. Type 2 diabetes, a disease that afflicts an increasing proportion of the world population, is characterized by ",{"id":412,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":413,"piName":10,"institution":408,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":414,"abstract":415},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269573","Liquidity and Risk in Macroeconomic Models","€2,070,570","The proposal is motivated by the need to incorporate financial realities into macroeconomic models. The objective is to introduce leverage and liquidity in standard dynamic general equilibrium models and analyze their macroeconomic implications. The proposal is divided into two sub-projects and analyzes two different aspects of liquidity. The first deals with leverage and market liquidity in developed financial economies. The second examines the demand for liquid assets by emerging countries and",{"id":417,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":418,"piName":10,"institution":419,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":110,"abstract":420},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268688","Post-copulatory sexual selection in birds: sperm production, sperm selection and early development in birds","THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD","Sexual reproduction is one of the most fundamental of biological processes: (i) the creation of gametes, (ii) their fusion and (iii) the formation of a viable embryo are all shaped by a major evolutionary force: post-copulatory sexual selection comprising sperm competition and cryptic female choice. This project will make substantial advances in all three areas, using birds (mainly zebra finch) as model organisms. (i) Sperm size and shape: A major hypothesis for the enormous variation across spe",{"id":422,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":423,"piName":10,"institution":424,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":425,"abstract":426},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269022","Lymphocyte microRNAs in health and disease: Understanding lymphocyte functions through the identification of microRNA target genes and exploiting serum microRNA signatures to monitor immune responses","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO","€2,496,000","Background: CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets orchestrate immune responses in health and disease. Little is known on control of T cell differentiation exerted by microRNA that affect mRNA translation. The identification of microRNA and their targets that regulate differentiation of T cell subsets may provide new therapeutic targets for immune-mediated diseases. Since microRNA are released in exosomes and circulate in blood, activities of tissue-derived lymphocytes could be assessed by microRNA signature",{"id":428,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":429,"piName":10,"institution":430,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":431},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269427","Strategic Conversation","UNIVERSITE PAUL SABATIER TOULOUSE III","I propose a five year interdisciplinary project that will develop a new, formal and robust model of conversation, drawing from ideas in linguistics, philosophy, computer science and economics.  The project brings a state of the art, linguistic theory of discourse interpretation together with a sophisticated view of agent interaction and strategic decision making.",{"id":433,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":434,"piName":10,"institution":435,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":436,"abstract":437},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267258","Strongly Coupled QCD Matter","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","€1,512,300","This project addresses fundamental issues in the study of nucleus-nucleus collisions at high energy, such as the thermodynamics of matter at extremely high temperature, or the dynamics of the dense system of gluons that constitute most of the wave-function of a nucleus at asymptotically high energy. In either case, one is dealing with strongly interacting systems whose description requires the development of new theoretical tools.The Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) in the USA has deeply c",{"id":439,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":440,"piName":10,"institution":441,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":442,"abstract":443},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268630","Spatial protein quality control and its links to aging, proteotoxicity, and polarity","GOETEBORGS UNIVERSITET","€2,371,262","Propagation of a species requires periodic cell renewal to avoid clonal senescence. Mylaboratory has described a new mechanism for such cell renewal in yeast, in which damagedprotein aggregates are transported out of the daughter buds along actin cables to preserveyouthfulness. Such spatial protein quality control (SQC) is a Sir2p-dependent process and by establishing the global genetic interaction network of SIR2, we identified thepolarisome as the machinery required for mitotic segregation and",{"id":445,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":446,"piName":10,"institution":447,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":448,"abstract":449},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267833","Ultrasmall Chemical Imaging of Cells and Vesicular Release","CHALMERS TEKNISKA HOGSKOLA AB","€2,491,881","The long-term goal of this research is to establish the chain of molecular events associated with (1) neurotransmitter release at the single cell and subcellular level and (2) with cell differentiation and reprogramming. These are incredibly important goals for which there are few analytical chemistry methods that are available and useful. The immediate goal therefore includes development of three chemical methodologies at the cutting edge of analytical chemistry: 1) the development of arrays of",{"id":451,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":452,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":453,"abstract":454},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268897","Regulation of gene expression in mammalian mitochondria","€3,110,000","The mitochondrial network produces the bulk part of the energy mammalian cells need through the oxidative phosphorylation process. The importance of mitochondria is underscored by the fact that deficient oxidative phosphorylation causes a wide number of genetic diseases. It is also heavily implicated in age-associated disease and ageing. Expression of mammalian mtDNA is of key importance for maintaining mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation but studies of the poorly understood regulation of ma",{"id":456,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":457,"piName":10,"institution":441,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":458,"abstract":459},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269442","Travels, transmissions and transformations in the 3rd and 2nd millennium BC in northern Europe: the rise ofBronze Age societies","€2,488,264","Research problem: The 3rd and 2nd millennium was a period that saw major social and cultural transformations in Europe, from migrations and the introduction of metal (the Bronze Age) to new cultural identities and languages. As these two millennia were formative for Europe’s later history, these are hotly debated issues. However, they can now be resolved, at least in part, by the application of new science-based methodologies and the development of new interpretative frameworks.Aims and methodol",{"id":461,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":462,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":464,"abstract":465},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269826","Analysing and Modelling the Geographical Diversity of Cities and Systems of Cities","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€1,801,047","Cities are today the main form of occupation of the Earth’s surface by human societies, and their development, combining design and self-organisation, sets numerous challenges in terms of collective territorial intelligence. On the scale of national and continent-wide territories, or indeed world-wide territories for the largest, cities are interconnected by way of numerous networks, in particular economic networks, that make them increasingly interdependent and associate them one with another i",{"id":467,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":468,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":469},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268813","The Genetics and Physiology of Growth and Size Determination","Animal growth is a complex process that is intimately linked to the developmental program in order to form fit adults with proper size and proportions. Genetics is an important determinant of growth, exemplified by the role of local diffusible molecules in setting organ proportions for a given species. In addition to this genetic control, organisms use adaptation mechanisms allowing modulating the size of individuals according to environmental cues, among which nutrition. Therefore, sophisticate",{"id":471,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":472,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":473},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269725","Philosophy in Context : Arabic and Syriac manuscripts transmission in the Mediterranean World","Philosophy in Context : Arabic and Syriac manuscript transmissions in the Mediterranean (PhiC)This project aims to solve two major difficulties in research in the history of philosophy: 1) understanding the conditions of the reception and the transmission in the Mediterranean World of philosophy of Greek tradition in the Arabic and Syriac languages; 2) discovering the numerous works buried in libraries in a systematic way, instead of by chance. Thanks to a methodical pooling of the information g",{"id":475,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":476,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":477,"abstract":478},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291049","Combustion of Sustainable Alternative Fuels for Engines used in aeronautics and automotives","€2,498,450","This project aims at promoting sustainable combustion technologies for transport via validation of advanced combustion kinetic models obtained using sophisticated new laboratory experiments, engines, and theoretical computations, breaking through the current frontier of knowledge. It will focus on the unexplored kinetics of ignition and combustion of 2nd generation (2G) biofuels and blends with conventional fuels, which should provide energy safety and sustainability to Europe. The motivation is",{"id":480,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":481,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":482,"abstract":483},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267775","Quantum Atom Opticsfrom Entangled Pairs to Strongly Correlated Systems","€2,130,000","Ultra cold atoms offer unprecedented possibilities to shed a new light on intriguing quantum phenomenon that were discovered in Photon Quantum Optics (PQO), such as Hanbury Brown and Twiss correlations, Bell’s inequality tests of entanglement, Hong Ou Mandel effect, non classical states of light. It becomes possible to develop a Quantum Atom Optics (QAO), which is more than a simple analogue to PQO. Atoms add two new ingredients to the situations (i) controlled interactions, tunable from zero to",{"id":485,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":486,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":487,"abstract":488},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267184","Multi-Mathematics for Imaging and Optimal Design Under Uncertainty","€1,920,000","The aim of this interdisciplinary project is to develop new mathematical and statistical tools, probabilistic approaches, and inversion and optimal design methods to address emerging modalities in medical imaging, nondestructive testing, and environmental inverse problems. It merges the complementary expertise of the investigators in order to make a breakthrough  in the field ofmathematical imaging and optimal design by solving the most challenging problems posed by new imaging modalities. The P",{"id":490,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":491,"piName":10,"institution":492,"country":493,"year":13,"amount":494,"abstract":495},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267374","Dynamical processes in open quantum systems: pushing the frontiers of theoretical spectroscopy","UNIVERSIDAD DEL PAIS VASCO\u002F EUSKAL HERRIKO UNIBERTSITATEA","ES","€1,877,497","Scope Energy Materials. In  this project we develop new concepts for building a novel theoretical framework (the ab-initio non-equilibrium dynamical modelling tool”) for understanding, identifying, and quantifying the different contributions to energy harvesting and storage as well as describing transport mechanisms in natural light harvesting complexes, photovoltaic materials, fluorescent proteins and artificial (nanostructured) devices by means of theories of open quantum systems, non-equilibr",{"id":497,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":498,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":499,"abstract":500},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267934","Mastering the dusty and magnetized Interstellar Screen to Test Inflation Cosmology","€1,755,000","How did the Universe begin? The prevailing idea is that the Bang of the Big Bang was an early burst of exponential expansion, dubbed inflation. A key prediction of inflation is that it generated gravitational waves. The corresponding ripples in the space-time geometry left an imprint in the polarisation of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). A new generation of experiments are making a major step towards this signal by mapping the microwave sky polarisation with an unprecedented sensitivity a",{"id":502,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":503,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":504},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269804","Mathematical Sciences in the Ancient World","The SAW project is devoted to mathematical sources that have come down to us from the ancient world and, more specifically, though not exclusively, to the sources produced in Mesopotamia, China, and the Indian subcontinent. The scope of SAW is inspired by an analysis of the state of the art in the history of mathematics of the ancient world. The project also derives from an analysis of the present-day political and social uses of the history of ancient mathematical sciences worldwide. The ambiti",{"id":506,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":507,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":508,"abstract":509},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267862","High-resolution tweezers for DNA replication and sequence identification","€2,193,566","We propose to investigate the enzymes responsible for DNA replication and repair in micromanipulation experiments with a resolution of a single base. The detailed mechanism by which DNA is synthesized base after base and the coordination of the enzymes involved in this process are not fully understood. We shall develop new magnetic tweezers using lithographic techniques associated with evanescent field detection to address these issues. We shall build arrays of these devices working in parallel,",{"id":511,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":512,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":513,"abstract":514},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268888","Membrane sensors in the Arf orbit","€1,997,321","Cellular organelles are continuously remodelled by numerous cytosolic proteins that associate transiently with their lipid membrane. Some distort the bilayer, others change its composition, extract lipids or bridge membranes at distance. Previous works from my laboratory have underlined the importance of membrane sensors, i.e. elements within proteins that help to organize membrane-remodelling events by sensing the physical and chemical state of the underlying membrane. A membrane sensor is not ",{"id":516,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":517,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":518,"abstract":519},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267687","Out of Equilibrium  Fluctuations in Confined  Phase Transitions","€2,376,117","This project aims at studying experimentally the out of equilibrium fluctuationsin strongly confined fluids. Three main problems will be analyzed :a) The effects on the dynamics when the fluctuations are confined in a volume smaller than the spatial correlation length; b) The fluctuations of the injected and dissipated power in out of equilibrium in highly confined systems, where extreme events may producean instantaneous ''negative entropy production rate''. c) Are fluctuations a limiting facto",{"id":521,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":522,"piName":10,"institution":463,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":523,"abstract":524},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267255","NOBLE GAS TRACING OF SOURCES AND SINKS OF VOLATILE ELEMENTS IN THE ATMOSPHERE","€2,281,806","This proposal has the objective to greatly enhance our understanding of sources, sinks and processes fixing the composition of the atmosphere at different time periods of time, from 3.8 Gyr ago to Present. For achieving this goal, I shall develop the high precision analysis of noble gases, which are key tracers of atmospheric evolution.The core of the proposal is : (i) the development of multi-collector mass spectrometry analysis of noble gas isotopes coupled with standard bracketing, aimed at r",{"id":526,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":527,"piName":10,"institution":528,"country":529,"year":13,"amount":530,"abstract":531},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267700","Inverse Problems","TALLINNA TEHNIKAÜLIKOOL","EE","€1,800,000","Inverse problems constitute an interdisciplinary field of science concentrating on the mathematical theory and practical interpretation of indirect measurements. Their applications include medical imaging, atmospheric remote sensing, industrial process monitoring, and astronomical imaging. The common feature is extreme sensitivity to measurement noise. Computerized tomography, MRI, and exploration of the interior of earth by using earthquake data are typical inverse problems where mathematics ha",{"id":533,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":534,"piName":10,"institution":535,"country":536,"year":13,"amount":537,"abstract":538},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268804","NEW BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS AND THERAPEUTIC POTENTIAL OFVASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTORS","HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO","FI","€2,499,884","This application promises to provide new treatment options for cancer and cardiovascular diseases that are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the western world. Current cardiovascular and cancer therapies are often insufficient, unsuccessful or not suitable for all patients. Inhibition of angiogenesis is already used in the clinics, but with limited success. On the other hand, stimulation of the growth of blood vessels, angiogenesis, and of arteriogenesis, the growth of (collateral",{"id":540,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":541,"piName":10,"institution":535,"country":536,"year":13,"amount":542,"abstract":543},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268648","Next Generation Genetics of Cancer Predisposition","€2,483,525","Unravelling genetic components of human tumor predisposition has contributed significantly to our understanding on molecular basis of cancer, and cancer prevention in the context of hereditary tumor susceptibility is one of the early examples of benefits from genetic disease information. Research into cancer susceptibility is of great importance, and as shown in this proposal Finland provides unique interdisciplinary possibilities to take the field forward. Indeed, in the near future ability to ",{"id":545,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":546,"piName":10,"institution":535,"country":536,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":547},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268955","Metabolic consequences of mitochondrial dysfunction","This proposal aims to clarify mitochondrial contribution to obesity and thinness, using carefully characterized mitochondrial disease and obese patient materials, and genetically modified disease models. Manifestations of mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) defects range from infantile multisystem disorders to adult-onset myopathies or neurodegeneration, and even aging-related wasting. Why defects in oxidative ATP production can lead to such variety of manifestations and tissue specificity is u",{"id":549,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":550,"piName":10,"institution":551,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":552,"abstract":553},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269722","European Regulatory Private Law","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","€2,097,840","The focus of the socio-legal project lies in the search for a normative model which could shape a self sufficient European private legal order in its interaction with national private law systems. The project (1) aims at a new–orientation of the structures and methods of European private law based on its transformation from autonomy to functionalism in competition and regulation;(2) suggests the emergence of a self sufficient European private law, composed of three different layers (a) the secto",{"id":555,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":556,"piName":10,"institution":557,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":559},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269136","Mobilizing for democracy: Democratization processes and the mobilization of civil society","SCUOLA NORMALE SUPERIORE","€1,747,200","The project addresses the role of civil society organizations (CSOs) in democratization processes, bridging social science approaches to social movements and democracy. With a theoretical interest in the interactions between structure and agency, the project starts by revisiting the “transitology” approach to democratization and the political process approach to social movements, before moving towards more innovative approaches in both areas. From the theoretical point of view, a main innovation",{"id":561,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":562,"piName":10,"institution":551,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":563,"abstract":564},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269860","The (re)construction and formatting of religions in the West through courts, social practices, public discourse and transnational institutions","€1,895,232","RELIGIOWEST is an interdisciplinary endeavour to bring together legal, sociological and political insights in the study of religion in the West. It aims at studying : 1) how different western states (in Europe and North America) are redefining their relationship to religions, under the challenge of increasing religious activism in the public sphere, associated with the spread of new religious movements (evangelicalism, cults) and Islam, 2) how this process mobilizes a complex array of often unre",{"id":566,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":567,"piName":10,"institution":551,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":568,"abstract":569},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269568","Education as a Lifelong Process – Comparing Educational Trajectories in Modern Societies","€2,488,360","Over the last decades, modern societies have evolved into knowledge-based economies in which the role of education and the organisation of educational institutions have become important in all phases of the life course. More than in the past, today, education is a lifelong process where the individual acquires skills and competences in formal and non-formal learning settings throughout the entire life-span. Most empirical research on education is still based on cross-sectional studies and does n",{"id":571,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":572,"piName":10,"institution":573,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":574},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268729","APL a model for oncogene-targeted leukemia cure","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","Acute promyelocytic leukaemia, APL, is probably one of the best-understood malignancies and the only one where highly efficient oncogene-targeted therapies (retinoic acid and arsenic) actually cure the disease. Our recent studies have addressed the molecular basis for transformation and demonstrated the essential role of sumoylation of the PML moiety of PML\u002FRARA, relaxed DNA-binding specificity, binding to RXRA, for both transcriptional repression and transformation in primary cells, uncovering ",{"id":576,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":577,"piName":10,"institution":573,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":578,"abstract":579},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269037","Cell and gene therapy approaches for inherited diseases with unsatisfying or no therapeutic option","€2,397,215","We have developed the tools and experimental models and have provided the proof of principle that gene modified autologous haematopoietic stem cells can restore a complete immunological system in vivo in a particular form of SCID. We are pursuing these efforts applying this strategy to several other diseases : two lentivirus protocols for X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy, Thalassemia and sickle cell disease, are developed in our Clinical Investigation Centre. In 2010, we plan to initiate two other ",{"id":581,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":582,"piName":10,"institution":573,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":583},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268777","Human Genetics of Tuberculosis","Tuberculosis (TB) is not only an infectious disease, as only a small fraction of individuals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) develop disease. Over the last century, evidence has accumulated indicating that TB is also a genetic disease. However, the molecular basis of predisposition to TB remains elusive, and efforts to understand the pathogenesis of TB are of prime importance if we are to combat this major killer of mankind. The PI proposes an integrated and innovative research pr",{"id":585,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":586,"piName":10,"institution":587,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":588,"abstract":589},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267234","Green Nanotechnology for the Indoor Environment","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","€2,328,726","The GRINDOOR project aims at developing and implementing new materials that enable huge energy savings in buildings and improve the quality of the indoor environment. About 40% of the primary energy, and 70% of the electricity, is used in buildings, and therefore the outcome of this project can have an impact on the long-term energy demand in the EU and the World. It is a highly focused study on new nanomaterials based on some transition metal oxides, which are used for four interrelated applica",{"id":591,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":592,"piName":10,"institution":587,"country":312,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":593},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291602","X-RAY LASERS, PHOTON SCIENCE, AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY","Theory predicts that with an ultra-short and very bright coherent X-ray pulse, a single diffraction pattern may be recorded from a large macromolecule, a virus, or a cell before the sample explodes and turns into a plasma. The over-sampled diffraction pattern permits phase retrieval and hence structure determination. The first free-electron lasers (FELs) capable to deliver ultra bright and very short X-ray pulses for such experiments have recently started operations. These are the most brilliant",{"id":595,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":596,"piName":10,"institution":597,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":598},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268537","The Immune function of NK cells","UNIVERSITE D'AIX MARSEILLE","In this project, we propose to explore a new area in biological research aiming at dissecting emerging of properties of the innate immune responses. Our system model is the Natural Killer (NK) cell. Specifically, we will investigate the mechanisms by which these players of innate immunity achieve tolerance to self and participate to immune responses. Multidisciplinary approaches will be combined to achieve groundbreaking results at nanoscopic and macroscopic scales on the following issues:- How ",{"id":600,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":601,"piName":10,"institution":602,"country":398,"year":13,"amount":603,"abstract":604},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269831","Poverty, Resource Equality, and Social Policies","UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN","€1,350,000","This project aims at revisiting the economics of poverty by using recent advances in welfare economics. First, poverty measurement theory will be enriched by taking account of individual preferences over the several dimensions of poverty. New poverty indices will be defined. They will be applied using panel data of material standard of living and subjective satisfaction to study the recent evolution of poverty in developed societies. Second, the ethical value of poverty reduction will be added t",{"id":606,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":607,"piName":10,"institution":597,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":608,"abstract":609},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268107","Early phases of galaxy evolution","€2,478,615","This project is aimed to support a comprehensive survey of the early phases of galaxy evolution to better understand how galaxies formed and evolved. The goal is to focus on the redshift range 2.5\u003Cz\u003C7, based on a new ultra-deep spectroscopic survey just approved by ESO, the largest ‘Large Program’ ever on the VLT with 648 hours allocated, for which I am the PI.  In a ground-breaking effort, this Legacy survey will assemble 12,000 galaxies in total with VLT-VIMOS, over 1deg² in 3 fields (COSMOS, ",{"id":611,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":612,"piName":10,"institution":613,"country":614,"year":13,"amount":615,"abstract":616},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267683","Ab-initio adiabatic-connection curves for density-functional analysis and construction","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","NO","€2,017,932","Quantum chemistry provides two approaches to molecular electronic-structure calculations: the systematically refinable but expensive many-body wave-function methods and the inexpensive but not systematically refinable Kohn Sham method of density-functional theory (DFT). The accuracy of Kohn Sham calculations is determined by the quality of the exchange correlation functional, from which the effects of exchange and correlation among the electrons are extracted using the density rather than the wa",{"id":618,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":619,"piName":10,"institution":613,"country":614,"year":13,"amount":620,"abstract":621},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267631","BEYOND PLATE TECTONICS","€2,499,010","Plate tectonics characterises the complex and dynamic evolution of the outer shell of the Earth in terms of rigid plates. These tectonic plates overlie and interact with the Earth's mantle, which is slowly convecting owing to energy released by the decay of radioactive nuclides in the Earth's interior. Even though links between mantle convection and plate tectonics are becoming more evident, notably through subsurface tomographic images, advances in mineral physics and improved absolute plate mo",{"id":623,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":624,"piName":10,"institution":613,"country":614,"year":13,"amount":625,"abstract":626},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269841","The Legitimacy of Multi-level Human Rights Judiciary","€2,430,000","The proliferation of human rights treaties at regional and global levels may offer moral foundations for international law. However, many worry that this growth of supervisory organs is illegitimate. Consider, for instance• The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) is overburdened.• The human rights organs may disagree e.g. on how to balance freedom of expression against protection from hate speech. Which should be obeyed?• Citizens of well-functioning democracies ask: why should such internati",{"id":628,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":629,"piName":10,"institution":613,"country":614,"year":13,"amount":630,"abstract":631},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268541","COELIAC DISEASE: UNDERSTANDING HOW A FOREIGN PROTEIN DRIVES AUTOANTIBODY FORMATION","€2,291,045","The goal of this project is to understand the mechanism of how highly disease specific autoantibodies are generated in response to the exposure to a foreign antigen. IgA autoantibodies reactive with the enzyme transglutaminase 2 (TG2) are typical of coeliac disease (CD).  These antibodies are only present in subjects who are HLA-DQ2 or -DQ8, and their production is dependent on dietary gluten exposure. This suggests that CD4+ gluten reactive T cells, which are found in CD patients and which reco",{"id":633,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":634,"piName":10,"institution":635,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":636,"abstract":637},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267454","CONFORMATIONAL COMMUNICATION AND CONTROL","UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL","€2,426,106","We aim to offer to science a molecular scale mechanism for communication and control.  Using stereochemical information and conformational control as the mechanism by which that information is transmitted and processed, we  take inspiration from the phenomenon of allostery in biology, and will put to dynamic use a set of conformationally controlled foldamer structures. We will use these structures to convey information over multi-nanometre distances, allowing control of chemical function from a ",{"id":639,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":640,"piName":10,"institution":641,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":642},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267526","Functions of Matrices: Theory and Computation","THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","Functions of matrices are widely used in science, engineering and the social sciences, due to the succinct and insightful way they allow problems to be formulated and solutions to be expressed. New applications involving matrix functions are regularly being found, ranging from small but difficult problems in medicine to huge, sparse systems arising in the solution of partial differential equations. The objective of this research is to make breakthroughs in theory and algorithms that will have a ",{"id":644,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":645,"piName":10,"institution":419,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":646},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269830","The Evolutionary Origins of Agriculture","The transition from a mobile hunter-gatherer lifestyle to one of settled agriculture is arguably the most fundamental change in human development since the origin of the human species, and the major question is why hunter-gatherer populations abandoned this way of life in favour of an agricultural existence. A crucial element in this change is the evolution of the crops upon which agriculture is founded. This proposal seeks to understand the selective pressures driving the this evolution through",{"id":648,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":649,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":650,"abstract":651},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267692","The Origin, Accretion and Differentiation of Extreme Volatiles in Terrestrial Planets","€2,747,271","Identifying the processes by which the terrestrial planets acquired, retained and redistributed extreme volatile elements remains a fundamental science question. Although the halogens, Br, Cl and I, represent a powerful potential tracer, the concentrations of Br and I within most samples is too low for most laboratories - and the halogens have been ignored. We detail a Manchester innovation which enables halogens in these samples to be readily analysed.We propose to: 1) Make the first direct exp",{"id":653,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":654,"piName":10,"institution":641,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":655,"abstract":656},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268970","Melanopsin-based vision in health and disease","€2,499,636","It is now >10 years since the remarkable discovery that photoreception in the mammalian retina occurs outside of rod and cone cells. In that time we have learnt a great deal about the melanopsin expressing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) that provide this non-rod non-cone photoreception, and about their extensive contribution to sub-conscious light responses. However, one idea that has persisted is that these mRGCs play little if any role in visual perception. Exciting new data challenge that vie",{"id":658,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":659,"piName":10,"institution":660,"country":493,"year":13,"amount":661,"abstract":662},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268479","BRain dEvelopment and Air polluTion ultrafine particles in scHool childrEn","FUNDACION PRIVADA INSTITUTO DE SALUD GLOBAL BARCELONA","€2,499,230","Traffic-related air pollution is an important environmental problem that may affect neurodevelopment. Ultrafine particles (UFP) translocate to the brains of experimental animals resulting in local proinflammatory overexpression. As the basic elements for thinking are acquired by developing brains during infancy and childhood, susceptibility may be elevated in early life.We postulate that traffic-related air pollution (particularly UFPs and metals\u002Fhydrocarbons content) impairs neurodevelopment in",{"id":664,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":665,"piName":10,"institution":666,"country":667,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":668},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268049","Advanced multifunctional Reactors for green Mobility and Solar fuels","ETHNIKO KENTRO EREVNAS KAI TECHNOLOGIKIS ANAPTYXIS","EL","Green Mobility requires an integrated approach to the chain fuel\u002Fengine\u002Femissions. The present project aims at ground breaking advances in the area of Green Mobility by (a) enabling the production of affordable, carbon-neutral, clean, solar fuels using exclusively renewable\u002Frecyclable raw materials, namely solar energy, water and captured Carbon Dioxide from combustion power plants (b) developing a highly compact, multifunctional reactor, able to eliminate gaseous and particulate emissions from ",{"id":670,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":671,"piName":10,"institution":89,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":672,"abstract":673},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269788","COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE: Political economy of Green Paradoxes","€2,743,548","Green Paradoxes are defined as the phenomenon that climate change policies can have counterproductive effects. For example, a subsidy on clean energy from renewable resources (solar, wind) will decrease the price at which this energy is supplied. But if the price still exceeds the cost of fossil fuel extraction and given that available stocks will be depleted, the price decrease will speed up the extraction from non-renewable resources, such as oil, that cause CO2 emissions. Hence, instead of de",{"id":675,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":676,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":677,"abstract":678},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267499","Interdisciplinary research: Connecting complex plasmas with colloidal dispersions","€2,119,800","This proposal represents the first concerted effort to study classical strongly coupled systems at the most fundamental individual-particle level, by using complementary approaches from different physics domains - complex plasmas and colloidal dispersions. These are complementary in many ways, the most important being that complex plasmas are virtually undamped at the particle timescales, whereas colloidal dispersions are overdamped and thus can be brought into equilibrium in a controlled way. O",{"id":680,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":681,"piName":10,"institution":682,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":683},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268145","Chemogenomic profiling of drug-protein binding by shape, enthalpy\u002Fentropy and interaction kinetics","PHILIPPS UNIVERSITAET MARBURG","Once a new drug target is discovered, screening techniques are applied to detect prospective hits. However, which hit should be taken to the next level of development? This decision is most crucial as it entails huge financial commitments of the subsequent drug optimization. In consequence drugs are only developed against diseases that promise short-term profit. Chemogenomic profiling allows to compile parameters characterizing binding of drug candidates that achieve optimal interference with pr",{"id":685,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":686,"piName":10,"institution":687,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":688,"abstract":689},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268504","Ecological effects of light pollution","THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER","€1,600,000","The last 100 years have seen the dramatic spread of an evolutionarily unprecedented environmental change. Across huge areas, the spatial patterns and temporal cycles of light and dark that have previously remained approximately constant have been disrupted by the introduction of artificial night-time lights. This raises major concerns, given that light and dark provide critical resources and environmental conditions for organisms and play key roles in their physiology, growth, behaviour and repr",{"id":691,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":692,"piName":10,"institution":693,"country":694,"year":13,"amount":695,"abstract":696},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269807","Strange Mirrors, Unsuspected Lessons: Leading Europe to a new way of sharing the world experiences","CENTRO DE ESTUDOS SOCIAIS","PT","€2,423,140","Europe sits uncomfortably on the idea that there are no political and cultural alternatives credible enough to respond to the current uneasiness or malaise caused by both a world that is more and more non-European and a Europe that increasingly questions what is European about itself. This project will develop a new grounded theoretical paradigm for contemporary Europe based on two key ideas: the understanding of the world by far exceeds the European understanding of the world; social, political",{"id":698,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":699,"piName":10,"institution":700,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":701,"abstract":702},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267816","Light-In, Light-Out: Chemistry for sustainable energy technologies","UNIVERSITAT BASEL","€2,399,440","The project is concerned with a coordinated approach to the development of of novel chemical strategies for light harvesting by photovoltaic cells and light generation using light emitting electrochemical cells. Both technologies have proof of principle results from the PIs own laboratory and others world-wide. The bulk of efficient dye sensitized solar cells rely on transition metal complexes as the photoactive component as the majority of traditional organic dyes do not possess long term stabi",{"id":704,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":705,"piName":10,"institution":700,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":706,"abstract":707},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268596","A phylogenetic and experimental approach to understand the evolution of microbiota","€2,446,004","Microbial communities (=microbiota) associated with multicellular organisms play an important role in host nutrition and development. Advances in sequencing technology have revealed an unexpectedly high diversity of microbiota; these advances are not, however, matched by advances in our understanding of the evolutionary factors that structure microbiota. The goal of this proposal is to fill this knowledge gap. Evolutionary models developed for simple host-symbiont relationships have identified a",{"id":709,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":710,"piName":10,"institution":711,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":712,"abstract":713},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269143","Modeling new typologies of economic agents","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€999,960","Economic theory is in a crisis. In our lifetime, we have witnessed revolutions in the field that have enriched economics with new models and concepts: the information revolution in the 70's, the game theory mania in the 80's and to a lesser extent the emergence of models of bounded rationality in the 90's. But it's been a long time since we've seen any exciting developments in economic theory.The first part of the project is methodological. I would like to persuade young researchers that the cur",{"id":715,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":716,"piName":10,"institution":717,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":718,"abstract":719},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267995","New Organic Semiconductor Device Concepts","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET DRESDEN","€1,953,280","The goal of the present project is to investigate novel device concepts based on organic  semiconductor materials: the number of device principles is still rather small for organic devices and many concepts are not explored. The concept of controlled molecular doping successfully introduced to optoelectronic devices will be used here to achieve Fermi level control and  well-defined junctions. Preferentially, we plan to work in this project with oligomer substances which are deposited by vacuum t",{"id":721,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":722,"piName":10,"institution":723,"country":724,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":725},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268155","An exploration into the role of microRNAs in innate immune signaling","THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN","IE","MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of both innate and adaptive immunity. This is very much a frontier area since little is known about miRNA function in vivo, and there is still much discovery to be done. Their emerging functions indicate that they are as potent as cytokines in immunoregulation.We have found that Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is potently modulated by 2 particular miRNAs, miR-21 and miR-107. The programme will have 4 aspects which will build on this initial observat",{"id":727,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":728,"piName":10,"institution":729,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":730,"abstract":731},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269693","Wage Dynamics, Sorting Patterns in Labour Markets and Policy Evaluation","FONDATION NATIONALE DES SCIENCES POLITIQUES","€1,809,520","WASP is aimed at developing realistic empirical equilibrium search models of the labour market, with heterogeneous agents and long-term self-enforcing contracts, that• Can help better understand rent sharing mechanisms in labour markets, • Allow for multiple sources of productivity dynamics, including deterministic human capital accumulation and idiosyncratic productivity shocks, • Do not rule out sorting by assumption, nor the possibility of mismatch – as in perfectly competitive Beckerian marr",{"id":733,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":734,"piName":10,"institution":729,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":735,"abstract":736},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269567","An Inquiry into Modes of Existence","€1,334,720","AIME is an inquiry to make more precise what is lumped together into the confusing word modernization. The work done in the field of science studies (STS) on the progress and practice of science and technology has had the consequence of deeply modifying the definition of modernity, resulting into the provocative idea that we (meaning the Europeans) have never been modern. This is, however only a negative definition. To obtain a positive rendering of the European current situation, it is necessar",{"id":738,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":739,"piName":10,"institution":740,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":741,"abstract":742},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268733","Mapping the life histories of T cells","STICHTING HET NEDERLANDS KANKER INSTITUUT-ANTONI VAN LEEUWENHOEK ZIEKENHUIS","€2,499,640","T cells display many different phenotypes and functions, depending on the nature of previously encountered signals. If we want to understand how these different T cell subsets arise, we need to be able to follow individual T cells and their progeny through time. With the aim to map the life histories of individual T cells we have developed unique technologies that allow us to determine whether different T cell populations arise from common or distinct progenitors.Within this project we will util",{"id":744,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":745,"piName":10,"institution":746,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":747,"abstract":748},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267159","Quantum Gases Beyond Equilibrium","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TRENTO","€1,638,560","The physics of systems out of equilibrium represents a fascinating chapter of science, with many unsolved problems and unexplored issues.  Quantum gases are particularly well suited to investigate non-equilibrium phenomena, because the key parameters of the problem (scattering length, trapping conditions, etc.) can be varied in a well controlled manner. They also offer unique opportunities to perform experimental measurements with high precision. This project aims to theoretically explore novel ",{"id":750,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":751,"piName":10,"institution":746,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":752,"abstract":753},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267856","Foundations for Software Evolution","€2,462,095","Software evolution refers to changes made to a software system after its deployment. These changes may be caused by changing requirements, domain assumptions, or computing infrastructure, and may affect the system’s implementation, architecture and\u002For requirements. Evolution may be automatic (aka self-adaptation), or manual, or something in-between. This project aims to develop principles that underlie, and concepts, tools and techniques that support evolution. The project will focus on software",{"id":755,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":756,"piName":10,"institution":757,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":758,"abstract":759},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268515","Dynamic, stem cell-mediated self-renewal in the Drosophila intestine","RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG","€2,682,080","Cells in intestinal epithelia turn over rapidly due to aging, damage, and toxins produced by the enteric microbiota. Gut homeostasis is maintained by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) that divide to renew the intestinal epithelium, but little is known about how ISC division and differentiation are coordinated with the loss of spent gut epithelial cells. This proposal addresses the mechanisms of dynamic self-renewal in the intestine of Drosophila. Our recent work has outlined a paradigm explaining int",{"id":761,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":762,"piName":10,"institution":763,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":764,"abstract":765},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267175","DAL: Defying Amdahl's Law","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","€2,398,542","Multicore processors have now become mainstream for both general-purpose and embedded computing. Instead of working on improving  the architecture of the  next generation multicore, with the DAL project, we deliberately anticipate the  next few generations of  multicores.While multicores featuring 1000's of cores might become  feasible around 2020, there are strong indications that sequential programming style will continue to be dominant. Even future mainstream parallel applications will exhibi",{"id":767,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":768,"piName":10,"institution":763,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":769,"abstract":770},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267907","Modeling, interpreting and manipulating digital video","€2,454,090","Digital video is everywhere, at home, at work, and on the Internet. Yet, effective technology fororganizing, retrieving, improving, and editing its content is nowhere to be found. Models for video content, interpretation and manipulation inherited from still imagery are obsolete, and new ones must be invented. With a new convergence between computer vision, machine learning, and signal processing, the time is right for such an endeavor. Concretely, we will develop novel spatio-temporal models of",{"id":772,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":773,"piName":10,"institution":774,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":775,"abstract":776},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268744","The Evolution of Human Languages","THE UNIVERSITY OF READING","€1,999,973","Human languages evolve by a process of cultural evolution in which linguistic varieties compete for our attention and adapt to the environment of our minds. This has produced a remarkable cultural replicator whose fidelity of transmission can rival that of some genes. Yet progress in understanding this defining human trait is impeded by an influential view that the processes of linguistic change are so rapid, idiosyncratic and many that general evolutionary rules and laws describing language evo",{"id":778,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":779,"piName":10,"institution":780,"country":493,"year":13,"amount":781,"abstract":782},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269796","Five Centuries of Marriages","UNIVERSITAT AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA","€1,847,400","This long-term research project is based on the data-mining of the Llibres d'Esposalles conserved at the Archives of the Barcelona Cathedral, an extraordinary data source comprising 244 books of marriage licenses records. It covers about 550.000 unions from over 250 parishes of the Diocese between 1451 and 1905. Its impeccable conservation is a miracle in a region where parish archives have undergone massive destruction. The books include data on the tax posed on each couple depending on their s",{"id":784,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":785,"piName":10,"institution":786,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":787},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267915","Optimization and inference algorithms from the theory of disordered systems: theoretical challenges and applications to large-scale inverse problems in systems  biology","POLITECNICO DI TORINO","The project is  focused on two objectives:  the study of  optimization and inference algorithms based on advanced  statistical physics methods for disordered systems, and their  application to  large-scale inverse problems in computational  systems biology.In last years,   fundamentally  new approaches to large-scale optimization and inference problems have emerged at the interface between  Statistical Mechanics  and Computer Science. Partly this was made possible by extending ideas from the sta",{"id":789,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":790,"piName":10,"institution":635,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":791,"abstract":792},"cordis-european-research-council-award-266765","New Frontiers in Protein-based Nanomaterials","€2,168,862","We propose to undertake an ambitious 5 year interdisciplinary programme that introduces a fundamentally new paradigm in protein-based nanomaterials research. The new approach involves two main project themes based respectively on fundamental studies on the structure, function and properties of molten protein polymer surfactant nanoconstructs, and the development of these novel nanomaterials as smart fluids, biotechnological devices and health care products. This proposal represents a new and adv",{"id":794,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":795,"piName":10,"institution":780,"country":493,"year":13,"amount":796,"abstract":797},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267386","Information and Randomness in Quantum Theory","€1,440,119","Quantum information science is one of the most dynamic and exciting areas of science today, its significance ranging from the ultimate physical limits of information processing, to fundamental issues of quantum mechanics, to new mathematics and prospects of realising novel, enhanced computation and communicationtechnologies.Drawing on ideas from physics, mathematics and computer science, one of the core programmes of this highly interdisciplinary field is to understand and harness quantum mechan",{"id":799,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":800,"piName":10,"institution":635,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":801,"abstract":802},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267188","CRIPTO: Cryptography Research Involving Practical and Theoretical Outlooks","€2,102,041","In this project I will investigate four interrelated topics in cryptography from both a theoretical and practical perspective. Each topic is chosen such that it not only provides a testing ground for more general ideas, but it also is grounded in specific examples which can help guide the general principles. Each topic has the potential to make dramatic advances, both on the subject of cryptography itself and how it is used and deployed in the real world.We will be investigating application doma",{"id":804,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":805,"piName":10,"institution":806,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":807},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268062","Test of Lepton Flavour Universality with Kaon Decays","THE UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL","Physics at the high-mass scale can also be manifest in dynamical effects at lower, accessible energy. Thus, the existence of new high-mass-scale physics implies new mechanisms by which new interactions between constituents, quarks and gluons with leptons, must also exist. This proposal is for a precision measurement at the NA62 experiment at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN) of the ratio R(K) of the branching ratios (BR) of two rare, leptonic, decays of the K+, namely K+ to e+ ",{"id":809,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":810,"piName":10,"institution":811,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":812,"abstract":813},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267166","Physics of liquid-vapor phase transition","UNIVERSITEIT TWENTE","€2,108,000","Liquid-vapor phase transitions and boiling are omnipresent in science and technology, but, as far as basic understanding of the hydrodynamics, these phenomena remain terra incognita''. The objective of the proposed work is to achieve a fundamental understanding of the fluid dynamics and heat transfer of the liquid-vapor phase transition - in particular of boiling - both on a micro- and on a macro-scale, through experiments under well-defined and controlled conditions, accompanied by theoretical ",{"id":815,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":816,"piName":10,"institution":367,"country":356,"year":13,"amount":817,"abstract":818},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268776","Evolution of LNA Aptamers","€2,497,720","Aptamers are single-stranded oligonucleotides which are able to target peptides, proteins, small molecules or live cells by virtue of their well-defined three-dimensional shapes. Aptamers are typically generated by evolution of specific sequences against a given target by in vitro evolution using the process known as SELEX. Progress of this field with respect to drug development has so far been hampered by the relative large size and poor biostability of evolved aptamers composed of unmodified n",{"id":820,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":821,"piName":10,"institution":822,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":823},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268732","Generic Early Warning Signals for Critical Transitions","WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY","Abrupt shifts occasionally reshape complex systems in nature ranging in scale from lakes and reefs to regional climate systems. Such shifts sometimes represent critical transitions in the sense that they happen at tipping points where runaway change propels the system towards an alterative contrasting state. Although the mechanism of critical transitions can often be reconstructed in the hindsight, we are virtually unable to predict when they will happen in advance. Simulation models for complex",{"id":825,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":826,"piName":10,"institution":827,"country":109,"year":13,"amount":828,"abstract":829},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291194","Controlling and Exploring Molecular Systems at the Atomic Scale with Atomic Force Microscopy","IBM RESEARCH GMBH","€2,496,720","The objective of this project is to advance and use Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to explore the physical and chemical properties of single molecules and molecular systems with unprecedented spatial resolution. We will use AFM to develop atomically resolved molecular imaging with structural and chemical identification and investigate charge distribution and transfer in molecular systems. The AFM will allow the extension of seminal Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM) work on atoms\u002Fmolecules on ul",{"id":831,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":832,"piName":10,"institution":833,"country":493,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":834},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267867","Development of plasmonic quorum sensors for understanding bacterial-eukaryotic cell relations","ASOCIACION CENTRO DE INVESTIGACION COOPERATIVA EN BIOMATERIALES- CIC biomaGUNE","This proposal aims at the development of novel nanostructured materials based on crystalline assemblies of anisotropic plasmonic (gold\u002Fsilver) nanoparticles, to be used for the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection of quorum sensing (QS) signaling molecules, and to the demonstration of applications of such materials to monitor population kinetics in bacterial colonies and the determination of the interaction mechanisms between mixed colonies and their manipulation through external p",{"id":836,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":837,"piName":10,"institution":838,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":839,"abstract":840},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267763","ULTRALONG FIBRE LASERS","ASTON UNIVERSITY","€1,659,771","The project aims to develop a new research concept of ultra-long fibre lasers. The novelty of the concept is in the ground-breaking idea to use laser in the communication applications as a transmission medium rather than as a source of radiation.  Ultra-long Raman fibre lasers (first demonstrated in 2005 by the Aston Photonics Research Group led by the applicant) present an area of interdisciplinary research at the interface of high-speed communications, laser physics, optical signal processing,",{"id":842,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":843,"piName":10,"institution":822,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":844},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267254","Soft Biomade Materials: Modular Protein Polymers and their nano-assemblies","From a polymer chemistry perspective, the way in which nature produces its plethora of different proteins is a miracle of precision: the synthesis of each single molecule is directed by the sequence information chemically coded in DNA. The present state of recombinant DNA technology should in principle allow us to make genes that code for entirely new, very sophisticated amino acid polymers, which are chosen and designed by man to serve as new polymer materials. It has been shown that it is inde",{"id":846,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":847,"piName":10,"institution":848,"country":849,"year":13,"amount":850,"abstract":851},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269067","Dual exploitation of natural plant strategies in agriculture and public health: enhancing nitrogen-fixation and surmounting microbial infections","HUN-REN SZEGEDI BIOLOGIAI KUTATOKOZPONT","HU","€2,320,000","With an unprecedented increase in the human population, higher agricultural production, enhanced food safety and the protection against alarming rise of antibiotic resistant pathogenic bacteria are amongst the main challenges of this century. This proposal centered on Rhizobium-legume symbiosis aims at contributing to these tasks by i) understanding the development of symbiotic nitrogen fixing cells for improvement of the eco-friendly biological nitrogen fixation, ii) gaining a comprehensive kno",{"id":853,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":854,"piName":10,"institution":855,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":856,"abstract":857},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269774","Digital Archive for the Study of pre-Islamic Arabian Inscriptions","UNIVERSITA DI PISA","€2,129,200","In the Arabian peninsula, before the advent of Islam some distinctive civilizations flourished with a remarkable cultural level and left behind an important epigraphic and artistic wealth in terms of quality and interest. The history of these cultures is known almost exclusively by epigraphic material. In fact, the majority of texts that the inhabitants of Arabia have left us are the inscriptions that are found in their tens of thousands all over the lands.However, the inscriptions of pre-Islami",{"id":859,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":860,"piName":10,"institution":861,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":380,"abstract":862},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268520","Designed Plant Breeding by Control of Meiotic Recombination","KARLSRUHER INSTITUT FUER TECHNOLOGIE","Agriculture depends on breeding. Breeders try to combining desirable and eliminating unfavourable traits of crop plants. Changes in genetic linkage are based on meiotic recombination. Although techniques for the transfer of single traits have been developed, resulting in genetically modified organisms (GMOs), hardly any effort has been undertaken to control the exchange between parental genomes as such. By applying new molecular tools to control recombination the current project aims to establis",{"id":864,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":865,"piName":10,"institution":866,"country":493,"year":13,"amount":867,"abstract":868},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267690","Multiscale dynamics of turbulent flows","UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID","€2,200,000","Turbulence is a fundamental unsolved problem, at whose core are the multiscale processes that transfer, for example, energy across the inertial range of scales, or momentum across wall-bounded shear flows.  Turbulence is also key to applications, from industrial design and energy generation to climate dynamics, where the worst uncertainties are often due to its modelling.  Its practical computation and control have been hindered by empirical models and boundary conditions, in large part because ",{"id":870,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":871,"piName":10,"institution":872,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":873,"abstract":874},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267991","Solid State Quantum Technology and Metrology Using Spins","UNIVERSITY OF STUTTGART","€2,308,000","The development of quantum devices by nanoscopic control of constituents is expected to be one of the largest and most intriguing challenges of modern solid state physics. Among the degrees of freedom which allow exploiting most quantum phenomena are spins. Their long coherence and relaxation times make them of interest to any kind of quantum spin”tronics” from spin memories to quantum computing and ultrasensitive sensors. In well chosen and engineered environments spin state control and readout",{"id":876,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":877,"piName":10,"institution":872,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":878,"abstract":879},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267100","Long-range interacting quantum systems and devices","€2,407,200","Controlled correlations in a quantum network are at the heart of emerging quantum technologies for communication, information processing and computation. The scaling to a large number of interconnected nodes has so far remained an open challenge. Here mesoscopic ensembles of atoms which can be well controlled in their geometry and which provide rapidly switchable long range interactions promise an alternative approach with a significant simplification for quantum devices and networks. Finite tem",{"id":881,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":882,"piName":10,"institution":883,"country":724,"year":13,"amount":884,"abstract":885},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269874","UNDERSTANDING HEALTH ACROSS THE LIFECOURSE:AN INTEGRATED DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN","€2,505,222","This proposal seeks support for a research group led by James Heckman of the Geary Institute at University College Dublin to produce an integrated developmental approach to health that studies the origins and the evolution of health inequalities over the lifecourse and across generations, and the role played by cognition, personality, genes, and environments. Major experimental and nonexperimental international datasets will be analyzed. A practical guide to implementing related policy will be p",{"id":887,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":888,"piName":10,"institution":883,"country":724,"year":13,"amount":889,"abstract":890},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268893","Programmed and unprogrammed genomic rearrangements during the evolution of yeast species","€1,516,960","By detailed evolutionary comparisons among multiple sequenced yeast genomes, we have identified several unusual regions where our preliminary evidence suggests that previously unknown molecular biology phenomena, involving rearrangement of genomic DNA, are occurring. I now propose to use a combination of dry-lab and wet-lab experimental approaches to characterize these regions and phenomena further. One region is a 24-kb section of chromosome XIV that appears to undergo recurrent 'flip\u002Fflop' inv",{"id":892,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":893,"piName":10,"institution":894,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":895,"abstract":896},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268105","Harmonic analysis on reductive groups","UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM","€1,769,000","We propose to attack a variety of fundamental open problems inharmonic analysis on $p$-adic and real reductive groups.Specifically we seek solutions to the local Langlands conjecturesand various normalization problems of discrete series representations.For $p$-adic groups, affine Hecke algebras are a major technical tool.Our understanding of these algebras with unequal parameters hasadvanced recently and allows us to address these problems.We will compute the Plancherel measure on the Bernstein ",{"id":898,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":899,"piName":10,"institution":900,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":901,"abstract":902},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267985","Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Flavor and DarkMatter: One Solution for Three Mysteries","SCUOLA INTERNAZIONALE SUPERIORE DI STUDI AVANZATI DI TRIESTE","€1,439,400","In the next five years, experiments will give us a unique opportunity to unravel the mysteries of Electroweak Symmetry Breaking, Flavor and Dark Matter. The LHC at CERN will push the Energy frontier well into the TeV region and shed light on electroweak symmetry breaking. The LHCb experiment,  super-B factories and other dedicated experiments, also in the lepton sector, will push forward the Intensity frontier and test the Standard Model description of flavor and CP violation with unprecedented ",{"id":904,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":905,"piName":10,"institution":906,"country":330,"year":13,"amount":907,"abstract":908},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267746","Molecular Nanomagnets at Surfaces: Novel Phenomena for Spin-based Technologies","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE","€2,269,200","Molecular nanomagnets, also known as Single Molecule Magnets (SMMs), are a class of molecules that at low temperature exhibit magnetic hysteresis of pure molecular origin and not related to a cooperative effect. In the past fifteen years they have attracted  great interest for their potentiality to act as magnetic memory units and for the many quantum effects in the dynamics of their magnetization. Recently our observation that the magnetic bistability is retained when a tetranuclear iron(III) m",{"id":910,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":911,"piName":10,"institution":912,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":913},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268519","Colonic Disease Investigation by Robotic Hydro-colonoscopy","UNIVERSITY OF DUNDEE","CODIR proposes a new configuration of fundamental and applied biomedical and engineering multidisciplinary research to explore and characterise colon behavior necessary for the project and wider objectives. Scope and focus is on novel robotic hydro-colonoscopy (RHC), which stems from two considerations: (i) replacement of the flexible colonosocope with a patient-friendly system for inspection of the mucosal surface colon and (ii) the very recent concept of  hydro-colonoscopy whereby water is use",{"id":915,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":916,"piName":10,"institution":917,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":918,"abstract":919},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269460","Oral culture, manuscript and print in early modern Italy, 1450-1700","UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS","€1,453,356","From the palazzo to the piazza, from the church to the private household, the spoken and sung word had uniquely important roles to play in transmitting information, opinions and texts in the society of early modern Italy. Oral discussion and performance, both formal and informal, were used intensively in the culture of the literate minority, while the verbal culture of the uneducated depended mainly or solely on orality. Constant interaction between the oral and the written enriched and shaped b",{"id":921,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":922,"piName":10,"institution":917,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":923},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267114","Re engineering and regenerating the knee","Over fifteen percent of the western population suffer from osteoarthritis. For severe disability, total joint replacement remains the onlty treatment. The ageing population is growing and their expectations for an active, high quality lifestyle is increasing. The number of knee joint replacements is predicted to increase five time by 2025. While technology for knee joint replacements has advanced considerably over the last decade,  knee joint replacements do yet restore the natural function or p",{"id":925,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":926,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":928,"abstract":929},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269036","The Impact of Privatization on the Mortality Crisis in Eastern Europe","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€3,483,058","After the collapse of Communism 3 to 7 million ¿excess deaths¿ occurred, comparable to the toll exacted by Stalin.  While public health research has uncovered a great deal about the proximal causes of these deaths, identifying alcohol and psychosocial stress as key causes, incredibly few studies have attempted to address the variation in these proximal causes. Why did people in some countries start to abuse alcohol much more and experience greater stress than in others? A recent article in The L",{"id":931,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":932,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":933},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269752","Rethinking Comparative Syntax","This project aims to break new ground by reconceptualising the principles-and-parameters approach to comparative syntax, retaining its strengths and attempting to deal with its perceived weaknesses. The central idea is to organise the parameters of Universal Grammar into hierarchies, which define the ways in which properties of individually variant categories may act in concert",{"id":935,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":936,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":937},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267931","New Directions Linking Ocean Geochemistry, Biomineralization and Palaeoclimate","This proposal bridges three fields, geochemical oceanography, biomineralization and palaeoclimatology. The link that will be advanced is the oceanic carbon system now and in the past and its relationship to climate change. The major focus will go into marine calcification, the building block of the skeletons and shells for a large number of marine organisms. This is a key research area because: (i) storage of carbon in oceanic deposits of calcium carbonate plays an important but  poorly understo",{"id":939,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":940,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":941,"abstract":942},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267760","Atmospheric Chemistry-Climate Interactions","€2,496,926","Global change involves a large number of complex interactions between various earth system processes. In the atmosphere, one component of the earth system, there are crucial feedbacks between physical, chemical and biological processes. Thus many of the drivers of climate change depend on chemical processes in the atmosphere including, in addition to ozone and water vapour, methane, nitrous oxide, the halocarbons as well as a range of inorganic and organic aerosols. The link between chemistry an",{"id":944,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":945,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":946,"abstract":947},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267369","Self-Organisation: From Molecules to Matter","€2,069,374","This research proposal concerns the theory and computer simulation of self-organisation to predict properties and to design systems with specified characteristics. The key computational challenge is to explore the energy landscape for complex systems and make predictions to characterise efficient self-organisation on experimental time and length scales. Novel methodology is required to overcome the problems of broken ergodicity and rare events. The theoretical framework exploits stationary point",{"id":949,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":950,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":951,"abstract":952},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268536","DNA-Damage responses: Regulation and mechanisms","€2,482,492","The prime objective for every life form is to deliver its genetic material, intact, to the next generation. Each human cell receives tens-of-thousands of DNA lesions per day. These lesions can block genome replication and transcription, and if not repaired or repaired incorrectly, they lead to mutations or wider genome aberrations that threaten cell viability. To counter such threats, life has evolved the DNA-damage response (DDR), to detect DNA damage, signal its presence and mediate its repair",{"id":954,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":955,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":956},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268569","Role of ncRNAs in Chromatin and Transcription","The human genome is highly transcribed, with over 90% of sequences contributing to the production of RNA. The function of the vast majority of these RNAs is unknown. Evidence over many years has revealed that transcription factors and chromatin regulators are associated with a variety of non-coding (nc)RNAs, but their function remains largely unknown. There are a few cases where a role has been ascribed for ncRNAs in transcription, but no clear mechanistic insight has been defined yet. We predic",{"id":958,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":959,"piName":10,"institution":960,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":961},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269418","Trans-SAHARA: State Formation, Migration and Trade in the Central Sahara (1000 BC - AD 1500)","UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER","Scholarly preoccupations and much of the available evidence have tended to emphasise the Islamic era as the historic time period when the Mediterranean seaboard was firmly and regularly connected with the Sub-Saharan zone across the Sahara. Recent research in southern Libya suggests that there was a significantly higher level of Trans-Saharan trade and contact in the pre-Islamic period than hitherto recognised. The existence of an early state, contemporary with the Roman Empire, in the Central S",{"id":963,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":964,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":965},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268834","Interplay of genetic, nutrient and lifestyle factors on incidence of coronary disease: EPIC-Heart","A major new frontier in biomedicine is to identify interactions of specific components of nature and nurture in determining risk of complex diseases. Coronary heart disease (CHD) - the single leading cause of death in Europe - is jointly determined by genetic and lifestyle factors. It is unknown, however, how diet, nutrients, and lifestyle factors modulate genetic susceptibility. For scientific and public health reasons, there is a strategic need to study such interactions reliably. There is a u",{"id":967,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":968,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":969},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267916","Events, Causality and Symmetry-the next-generation semantics","Headed by Principal Investigator Glynn Winskel, the project ECSYM assembles a world-leading team of theoretical computer scientists and mathematicians. Their  goal: to build the next-generation semantics---a new mathematical  foundation with which to understand and analyze computation of the complexity we  begin to see today. The proposal arises in  answer  to the anomalies found in today's theories of computation and  to the commonality and  need  for shared  techniques  becoming apparent acros",{"id":971,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":972,"piName":10,"institution":973,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":974,"abstract":975},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267464","Using Severe Plastic Deformation for the Processing of Bulk Nanostructured Metals","UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON","€2,300,000","The processing of metals through the application of severe plastic deformation (SPD) provides an opportunity for achieving exceptional grain refinement to the submicrometer or the nanometer range.  This grain refinement cannot be achieved by conventional methods and it introduces both significant strength and a potential superplastic forming capability.  The two most important SPD techniques are Equal-Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) and High-Pressure Torsion (HPT).  In both procedures, very high",{"id":977,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":978,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":979,"abstract":980},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290870","Precision Measurements of Fundamental Constants","€2,158,800","The fine structure constant α, the masses and magnetic moments of elementary particles like the electron or proton, and others are fundamental quantities which determine the basic structure of the universe. They can not be predicted by theory, but their precise determination is required to enable the comparison of theoretical models with experimental observations at the highest possible level. The improvement of these quantities beyond the present level of accuracy represents a significant chall",{"id":982,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":983,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":73,"abstract":984},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267160","The Chemists Way of Making and Utilizing Perfect Graphenes","Graphenes, single sheets of graphite, hold enormous promise as a material of the future, since their unique electronic properties might allow us to combine advantages of silicon and plastics. We propose a concept for the synthesis and processing of mono- and multilayered graphenes and of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs), which are strips of graphene exhibiting a high aspect ratio. The key idea is the dehydrogenation (and planarization) of precursor molecules made from twisted benzene rings. Size and ",{"id":986,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":987,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":988,"abstract":989},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269020","The role of myelinating glia in preserving axon function","€2,477,800","In the human brain, the 'bottleneck' of neuronal integrity are long axonal projections, which are often the first to degenerate in neuro-psychiatric diseases. We have discovered in mice that oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells are not only essential for the formation of myelin, but also for the functional integrity of axons and their long-term survival. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms have remained obscure. We propose to use experimental mouse genetics to study neuron-glia interactio",{"id":991,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":992,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":993,"abstract":994},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269484","The Interaction Engine: Interactive foundations for communication","€2,495,400","This project addresses a serious gap at the heart of the social and cognitive sciences. The proposal is to fast-start an interdisciplinary science of human communicative interaction focused on sequences of contingent actions. The research will be guided by a novel hypothesis, the ‘interaction engine’, which holds that human interactive abilities are distinct from and phylogenetically older than our language capacity. Inverting the usual assumptions, the hypothesis suggests that the human interac",{"id":996,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":997,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":998,"abstract":999},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269505","Neural basis of syntax in the developing brain","€2,366,688","Language is a capacity specific to humans and thus biologically based. While our knowledge concerning the neural basis of language in the adult brain has increased considerably, little is known about the relation between language and brain during ontogeny. The present study will focus on the development of brain structure and language function in the domain of syntax. Behavioural and electrophysiological studies indicate that children's basic syntactic knowledge is well advanced at around 3 year",{"id":1001,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1002,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":1003,"abstract":1004},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269784","Migration and New Diversities in Global Cities: Comparatively Conceiving, Observing and Visualizing Diversification in Urban Public Spaces","€2,291,200","How can people live together, with ever more diverse characteristics, in the world’s rapidly expanding cities? The UN estimates a doubling of world urban population by 2050. Meanwhile, global migration flows show profound diversification of migrants’ nationality, ethnicity, language, gender balance, age, human capital and legal status. Everywhere, migrants with complex ‘new diversity’ traits dwell in cities alongside people from previous, ‘old diversity’ waves. The dynamics of diversification – ",{"id":1006,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1007,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":1008,"abstract":1009},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268739","Experimental Research into Ageing","€2,489,200","The diseases of older age are a major challenge to human societies. Despite the complexity of ageing, both reduced food intake (dietary restriction) and simple genetic alterations can greatly increase lifespan and provide broad-spectrum protection against diseases of ageing in laboratory animals. Furthermore, there is strong evolutionary conservation of mechanisms. For instance the nutrient-sensing insulin\u002FIGF and TOR signalling network modulates lifespan in yeast, invertebrates and rodents. The",{"id":1011,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1012,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":161,"abstract":1013},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294761","Robustness, evolutionary optimality and plasticity of microbial signaling","Most signaling and regulatory functions in the cell are executed by protein networks rather than by individual proteins, and it is therefore essential for biology to understand how the design and function of these networks have been shaped by the evolution. Despite differences in biological functions and molecular composition, all protein networks underlie similar evolutionary constrains on their performance and design, such as necessity to be robust against extra- and intracellular perturbation",{"id":1015,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1016,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":1017,"abstract":1018},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268078","Spectroscopy and microscopy of single ions in the solid state","€1,925,673","The progress in optical spectroscopy has made it is possible to study individual quantum emitters. However, only a few select “bright” emitters have been detected so far, leaving a large gap in the choice of critical parameters such as wavelength, coherence time, and energy level schemes. In this project, we develop methods for the detection of single emitters with long fluorescence lifetimes. In particular, we concentrate on rare earth ions embedded in crystals, which are of great technological",{"id":1020,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1021,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":1022,"abstract":1023},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267777","Exploring conductive and metallic hydrogen","€1,901,600","Hydrogen under ambient pressure and low temperature forms a  molecular crystal which  under high pressure of ~400 GPa is predicted turn into metal and at further compression up to ~500 GPa hydrogen molecules dissociate and are transformed to a monoatomic crystal. This simplest metal is predicted to be a superconductor with a very high critical temperature Tc ~200 K. Moreover, this superconductor might be recovered to ambient pressure. Metallic hydrogen might acquire a new quantum state, namely t",{"id":1025,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1026,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":1027,"abstract":1028},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268782","The Role of Arl Proteins in Retinal and other Ciliary Diseases","€2,434,400","Arl (Arf-like) proteins, GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily, are molecular switches that cycle between a GDP-bound inactive and GTP-bound active state. There are 16 members of the Arl subfamily in the human genome whose basic mechanistic function is unknown. The interactome of Arl2\u002F3 includes proteins involved in retinopathies and other ciliary diseases such as Leber¿s Congenital Amaurosis (LCA) and kidney diseases such as nephronophthisis. Arl6 has been found mutated in Bardet Biedl Sy",{"id":1030,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1031,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":1032,"abstract":1033},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268309","Systems Chemical Biology - Chemical Biological Perturbation and Dissection of Dynamic Biological Systems","€2,476,400","In Systems Chemical Biology research small drug-like molecules are employed to analyze the construction, wiring and spatiotemporal regulation of protein networks in dynamic biological systems. They act fast, reversibly, conditional, do not alter network architecture and need to be biologically relevant, a property particularly given for the scaffolds of natural product classes chosen in evolution to interact with proteins and to modulate dynamic biological systems.In the research project novel c",{"id":1035,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1036,"piName":10,"institution":235,"country":55,"year":13,"amount":1037,"abstract":1038},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267087","The Geometric Calculus of Variations and its Applications","€1,500,000","The project is concerned with the geometric calculus of variations and its applications in a wide range of fields. I start with fundamental examples of variational problems from geometry and physics, the Bernstein problem for minimal submanifolds of Euclidean spaces, non-abelian Hodge theory as a harmonic map approach to representations of Kähler groups, and Dirac harmonic maps as a mathematical version of the nonlinear supersymmetric sigma model of quantum field theory. These examples will moti",{"id":1040,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1041,"piName":10,"institution":1042,"country":614,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":1043},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268598","Neural mechanisms for memory retrieval","NORGES TEKNISK-NATURVITENSKAPELIGE UNIVERSITET NTNU","Memory is one of the most extraordinary phenomena in biology. The mammalian brain stores billions of bits of information but the most remarkable property of memory is perhaps not its capacity but the speed at which the correct information can be retrieved from a pool of thousands or millions of competing alternatives. Despite more than hundred years of systematic study of the phenomenon, scientists are still largely ignorant about the mechanisms that enable mammalian brains to outperform even th",{"id":1045,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1046,"piName":10,"institution":1042,"country":614,"year":13,"amount":1047,"abstract":1048},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268562","Stochastic Population Biology in a Fluctuating Environment","€2,000,000","The aim of this project is to produce a new synthesis integrating ecological and evolutionary processes. This synthetic approach is based on the fundamental premise that the effects of environmental stochasticity are essential for the understanding of biological processes at every time scale because all natural populations are exposed to a fluctuating environment. Following my recent advances in the development of stochastic population models I will in this proposal address three questions. Firs",{"id":1050,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1051,"piName":10,"institution":1052,"country":398,"year":13,"amount":1053,"abstract":1054},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267853","Silicon-photonics-based laser spectroscopy platform: towards a paradigm shift in environmental monitoring and health care","UNIVERSITEIT GENT","€2,183,000","The Principal Investigator and his team will open up new horizons in the field of laser spectroscopy through basic research on silicon-photonics-based Spectroscopic Systems-On-Chip (SpecSOC’s). The key question being addressed is: how can the powerful concepts of high-index-contrast nanophotonics be combined with the extreme accuracy of silicon technology and with the performance of hybrid silicon\u002FIII-V integration in order to create system-on-chip functionalities for advanced (bio-)spectroscopy",{"id":1056,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1057,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":1058},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267697","4 pi sky: Extreme Astrophysics with Revolutionary Radio Telescopes","Extreme astrophysical events   such as relativistic flows, cataclysmic explosions and black hole accretion   are one of the key areas for astrophysics in the 21st century. The extremes of physics experienced in these environments are beyond anything achievable in any laboratory on Earth, and provide a unique glimpse at the laws of physics operating in extraordinary regimes. All of these events are associated with transient radio emission, a tracer both of the acceleration of particles to relativ",{"id":1060,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1061,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":1062,"abstract":1063},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268904","Evolution of Pathogen and Host Diversity","€1,670,632","The study of host-pathogen systems is of central importance to the control of infectious disease, but also provides unique opportunities to observe evolution in action.  Many pathogen species have diversified under selection pressures from the host; conversely, genes that are important in host defence also exhibit high degrees of polymorphism.  This proposal divides into two parts: (1) the evolution of pathogen diversity under host immune selection, and (2) the evolution of host diversity under ",{"id":1065,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1066,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":1067,"abstract":1068},"cordis-european-research-council-award-267426","Ditopic Imaging Agents, Interlocked Sensors and Machines","€2,488,849","The development of new innovative approaches for personalised healthcare, and the recognition and sensing of environmentally important pollutants resulting from anthropogenic activities, are extremely important areas in which chemical understanding can contribute enormously to the improved well-being of humanity. In particular, the recognition of anions in aqueous media remains a significant challenge. This project will exploit cation-anion interactions augmented by supramolecular chemistry in t",{"id":1070,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1071,"piName":10,"institution":1072,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1073,"abstract":1074},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268843","Mechanisms of cell fusion in eukaryotes","TECHNION - ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY","€2,380,000","Membrane fusion is a universal process essential inside cells (endoplasmic) and between cells in fertilization and organ formation (exoplasmic). With the exception of SNARE-mediated endoplasmic fusion the proteins that mediate cellular fusion (fusogens) are unknown. Despite many years of research, little is known about the mechanism of cell-cell fusion. Our studies of developmental cell fusion in the nematode C. elegans have led to the discovery of the first family of eukaryotic fusogens (FF). T",{"id":1076,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1077,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":1078,"abstract":1079},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268851","Integral membrane proteins resolution of stoichiometry and structure","€2,100,155","Our recent discovery, that large integral membrane protein complexes can survive intact in the mass spectrometer, prompts many new experiments to understand the mechanism of their release from micelles and to maximise the impact of this finding. We propose to examine the structure of membrane complexes after their release from micelles in the gas phase. We will apply ion mobility mass spectrometry to extract collision cross sections of membrane complexes of known structure and compare these with",{"id":1081,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1082,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":1083,"abstract":1084},"cordis-european-research-council-award-269670","WORDS: Asymmetry, change and processing in phonological mental representation","€2,367,789","In the most general terms, the novel objective of the proposed project is to investigate the abstract nature of the mental phonological representations of words which is claimed to govern the (i) time-course of on-line word-recognition and (ii) the temporal dimension of historical development.The project will pursue four research questions, where the answers to each call for a dialogue between a variety of disciplines:A.WHAT is the nature and phonological structure of mental representations of W",200,{"programme":8,"total":1087,"withPiName":1088,"firstYear":1089,"lastYear":1090,"countryCount":1091,"perYear":1092,"topInstitutions":1149,"topCountries":1220},4756,450,2008,2027,46,[1093,1095,1098,1101,1103,1106,1109,1112,1115,1118,1120,1123,1126,1129,1132,1135,1138,1141,1144,1147],{"year":1089,"count":1094},47,{"year":1096,"count":1097},2009,232,{"year":1099,"count":1100},2010,248,{"year":13,"count":1102},276,{"year":1104,"count":1105},2012,293,{"year":1107,"count":1108},2013,344,{"year":1110,"count":1111},2014,359,{"year":1113,"count":1114},2015,138,{"year":1116,"count":1117},2016,299,{"year":1119,"count":1097},2017,{"year":1121,"count":1122},2018,376,{"year":1124,"count":1125},2019,241,{"year":1127,"count":1128},2020,137,{"year":1130,"count":1131},2021,228,{"year":1133,"count":1134},2022,322,{"year":1136,"count":1137},2023,252,{"year":1139,"count":1140},2024,243,{"year":1142,"count":1143},2025,222,{"year":1145,"count":1146},2026,264,{"year":1090,"count":1148},3,[1150,1153,1156,1159,1162,1165,1168,1171,1174,1177,1180,1183,1186,1189,1192,1195,1198,1201,1203,1206,1208,1210,1212,1215,1217],{"name":1151,"count":1152},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",206,{"name":1154,"count":1155},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",133,{"name":1157,"count":1158},"University of Oxford",128,{"name":1160,"count":1161},"University of Cambridge",124,{"name":1163,"count":1164},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",84,{"name":1166,"count":1167},"Weizmann Institute of Science",74,{"name":1169,"count":1170},"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne",72,{"name":1172,"count":1173},"University College London",69,{"name":1175,"count":1176},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",59,{"name":1178,"count":1179},"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem",57,{"name":1181,"count":1182},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",52,{"name":1184,"count":1185},"University of Bristol",49,{"name":1187,"count":1188},"University of Edinburgh",48,{"name":1190,"count":1191},"Kobenhavns Universitet",40,{"name":1193,"count":1194},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",39,{"name":1196,"count":1197},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",38,{"name":1199,"count":1200},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",35,{"name":1202,"count":1200},"Tel Aviv University",{"name":1204,"count":1205},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",33,{"name":1207,"count":1205},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":1209,"count":1205},"Universitat Wien",{"name":1211,"count":1205},"University of Manchester",{"name":1213,"count":1214},"Helsingin Yliopisto",32,{"name":1216,"count":1214},"Karolinska Institutet",{"name":1218,"count":1219},"Technische Universiteit Delft",30,[1221,1223,1225,1227,1229,1231,1233,1235,1237,1239,1241,1242,1244,1247,1249,1251,1253,1254,1256,1258,1261,1264,1267,1269,1272],{"name":55,"count":1222},802,{"name":35,"count":1224},778,{"name":102,"count":1226},581,{"name":42,"count":1228},390,{"name":109,"count":1230},310,{"name":330,"count":1232},302,{"name":493,"count":1234},269,{"name":12,"count":1236},202,{"name":312,"count":1238},183,{"name":67,"count":1240},153,{"name":398,"count":1240},{"name":356,"count":1243},107,{"name":1245,"count":1246},"GB",78,{"name":536,"count":1248},76,{"name":614,"count":1250},65,{"name":724,"count":1252},42,{"name":694,"count":1191},{"name":849,"count":1255},25,{"name":667,"count":1257},24,{"name":1259,"count":1260},"US",20,{"name":1262,"count":1263},"PL",18,{"name":1265,"count":1266},"CZ",15,{"name":1268,"count":1266},"SI",{"name":1270,"count":1271},"CN",9,{"name":529,"count":1273},8]