[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-advanced-grant-2012":3,"awarded-stats-erc-advanced-grant":1090},{"awarded":4,"total":1089},[5,16,23,30,37,41,47,52,59,64,69,76,82,88,94,101,107,111,115,121,127,134,140,146,153,158,165,172,176,180,185,191,197,203,208,214,219,225,230,235,240,247,252,256,262,268,274,280,286,290,296,302,307,312,316,323,329,333,338,344,350,355,362,367,372,378,383,388,394,399,403,408,413,418,425,429,434,439,444,449,455,459,464,470,475,480,486,492,499,504,509,514,519,526,531,537,544,550,556,562,567,572,577,582,588,594,600,606,612,618,623,627,632,637,642,648,654,660,665,670,676,680,684,690,696,701,707,712,718,724,729,734,740,746,751,756,762,768,773,778,783,788,794,799,804,810,815,820,826,832,838,843,849,854,860,864,868,873,879,884,889,893,899,905,910,916,922,927,933,937,942,946,951,956,961,966,970,974,979,985,990,996,1000,1005,1009,1013,1018,1024,1030,1035,1039,1044,1050,1054,1059,1064,1069,1074,1079,1084],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294343","European Research Council","ERC Advanced Grant","Nitrification Reloaded - a Single Cell Approach",null,"UNIVERSITAT WIEN","AT",2012,"€2,499,107","Nitrification is a central component of the Earth’s biogeochemical nitrogen cycle. This process is driven by two groups of microorganisms, which oxidize ammonia via nitrite to nitrate. Their activities are of major ecological and economic importance and affect global warming, agriculture, wastewater treatment, and eutrophication. Despite the importance of nitrification for the health of our planet, there are surprisingly large gaps in our fundamental understanding of the microbiology of this pro",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":22},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291294","Toward a Complete View of Star Formation: The Origin of Molecular Clouds, Prestellar Cores, and Star Clusters","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","FR","€2,267,880","Understanding star formation from large to small scales is a major unsolved problem of modern astrophysics, fundamental in its own right and having a profound bearing on both galaxies and planet formation.To achieve a breakthrough in our observational and theoretical knowledge of star formation, we propose to confront numerical simulations with observations obtained with state-of-the-art instrumentation, including instruments developed by our group. We will investigate three key areas: a) Origin",{"id":24,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":25,"piName":10,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":28,"abstract":29},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291198","Structure and dynamics of biomolecules by two-dimensional ultraviolet spectroscopy","POLITECNICO DI MILANO","IT","€2,493,000","Two-dimensional (2D) nuclear magnetic resonance is a diagnostic technique that has revolutionized structural biology. A wealth of spectroscopic information can be obtained by extrapolating 2D techniques to the optical frequency domain, using ultrashort light pulses. 2D electronic spectroscopy (2DES) allows fundamentally new insights into the structure and dynamics of multi-chromophore systems, by measuring how the electronic states of chromophores interact with one another and transfer electroni",{"id":31,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":32,"piName":10,"institution":33,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":35,"abstract":36},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291321","Diffraction Based Transmission X-ray Microscopy","DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET","DK","€2,499,860","The aim of this project is to develop a diffraction based transmission X-ray microscope, d-TXM, for non-destructive structural characterization of polycrystalline materials such as metals, ceramics, semiconductors, dust, soil and rocks, and for R&D applications in e.g. the energy-, electronics- and environmental sectors. Uniquely, d-TXM will be able to visualise the grains inside 100 micrometer thick specimens with a spatial resolution of 10-30 nm. Up to a thousand grains may be mapped simultane",{"id":38,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":39,"piName":10,"institution":33,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":40},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291405","High-Definition Tomography","In computed tomography we mimic the brain’s ability to synthesize an object’s 3D structure from many projections by solving thousands of equations. Many efficient methods have been developed to do that, and the results can be impressive when the object is illuminated from many angles and the noise is negligible. However, one decisive factor behind the human brain's unrivalled success with 3D reconstruction remains to be incorporated into computed tomography: The ability to use prior information ",{"id":42,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":43,"piName":10,"institution":44,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":46},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291339","4D-EEG: A new tool to investigate the spatial and temporal activity patterns in the brain","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","NL","Our first goal is to develop a new tool to determine brain activity with a high temporal (\u003C 1 msec) and spatial (about 2 mm) resolution with the focus on motor control. High density EEG (up to 256 electrodes) will be used for EEG source localization. Advanced force-controlled robot manipulators will be used to impose continuous force perturbations to the joints. Advanced closed-loop system identification algorithms will identify the dynamic EEG response of multiple brain areas to the perturbatio",{"id":48,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":49,"piName":10,"institution":44,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":50,"abstract":51},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291206","Nearshore Monitoring and Modelling:Inter-scale Coastal Behaviour","€2,917,144","The unprecedented growth of coastal communities has led to € billions worth of developments and infrastructure within the coastal zone. Therefore, future coastal hazards, which are likely to be exacerbated by climate change, will result in massive socio-economic and environmental impacts. To develop informed coastal management strategies to mitigate such adverse impacts, robust large scale, long term forecasts of coastal change are urgently required. However, none of the currently adopted approa",{"id":53,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":54,"piName":10,"institution":55,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":57,"abstract":58},"cordis-european-research-council-award-289714","Self Organization in Cytoskeletal Systems","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","DE","€2,285,532","The requirements on the eukaryotic cytoskeleton are not only of high complexity, but include demands that are actually contradictory in the first place: While the dynamic character of cytoskeletal structures is essential for the motility of cells, their ability for morphological reorganisations and cell division, the structural integrity of cells relies on the stability of cytoskeletal structures. From a biophysical point of view, this dynamic structure formation and stabilization stems from a s",{"id":60,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":61,"piName":10,"institution":55,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":62,"abstract":63},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291372","Uncertainty Visualization for Reliable Data Discovery","€2,296,800","Visualization has significantly changed the way humans analyze large amounts of multi-dimensional data. However, current visualization techniques can give only little or no guarantees regarding the confidence in the displayed information. Since this information is always affected by uncertainties in the data generation and visualization processes, the user can be lead to misclassifications, misinterpretations, and false assumptions.This proposal challenges the status quo in visual data analysis ",{"id":65,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":66,"piName":10,"institution":55,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":67,"abstract":68},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291079","Topological Spin Solitons for Information Technology","€2,200,000","Present day limitations of information technology based on magnetic materials may be traced to the notion, that all magnetic materials known until recently exhibit conventional, i.e., topologically trivial, forms of magnetic order. Only two years ago the first example of an entirely new form of magnetic order has been discovered, which is composed of topologically stable spin solitons (so called skyrmions) caused by chiral spin interactions. These skyrmions display several exceptional properties",{"id":70,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":71,"piName":10,"institution":72,"country":73,"year":13,"amount":74,"abstract":75},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294313","Modulation of cortical activity by median raphe neuronal assemblies with identified behavioural effects","HUN REN KISERLETI ORVOSTUDOMANYI  KUTATOINTEZET","HU","€2,700,000","Cortical operations are built up from states associated with distinct behaviour-dependent network activity patterns that subserve information aquisition, encoding, memory consolidation and retrieval. Thus, they can be considered as manifestations of different processing modes. Groups of modulatory, largely monoaminergic neurons located in subcortical nuclei innervating all forebrain areas are indispensable for the generation, stabilization and termination of cortical activity states. In recent y",{"id":77,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":78,"piName":10,"institution":79,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":80,"abstract":81},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291383","Unifiying Concepts for Acid-Base- and Redox-Chemistry: Development, Validation and Application of Absolute pH and pe Scales Culminating in the Protoelectric Potential Map PPM","ALBERT-LUDWIGS-UNIVERSITAET FREIBURG","€1,866,000","Acid-base and redox chemistry are the two most fundamental concepts in general chemistry. However, both concepts are usually limited to one medium\u002Fsolvent, although they are related through the gaseous hydrogen atom delivering the proton for Brønsted acidity and the electron for redox chemistry.Here we describe, how the ideal proton gas and the ideal electron gas form the reference states for our absolute pH Brønsted acidity scale (Angew. Chem. 2010) and the related absolute pe redox scale. Both",{"id":83,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":84,"piName":10,"institution":85,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":86,"abstract":87},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291060","The analysis of the Dirac operator: the hypoelliptic Laplacian and its applications","UNIVERSITE PARIS-SUD","€1,112,400","This proposal is devoted to the applications of a new hypoelliptic Dirac operator,whose analytic properties have been studied by Lebeau and myself. Its construction connects classical Hodge theory with the geodesic flow, and more generally any geometrically defined Hodge Laplacian with a dynamical system on the cotangent bundle. The proper description of this object can be given in analytic, index theoretic and probabilistic terms, which explains both its potential many applications, and also it",{"id":89,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":90,"piName":10,"institution":91,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":92,"abstract":93},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291102","New Frontiers for Computational Solid Mechanics based on eXtended Level Set representation. Applications to damage mechanics, contact mechanics and stress analysis.","ECOLE CENTRALE DE NANTES","€1,957,909","The present project intends to introduce new uses of the level set representation of surfaces in order to develop simulation methods able to solve problem currently unsatisfactorily addressed. Three main applications are targeted: localisation phenomena and very complex cracking patterns, precise determination of stresses around contact zones and, finally, introduction in reasonably coarse meshes of the mechanical influence of geometrically small but vitally important reinforcement for the struc",{"id":95,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":96,"piName":10,"institution":97,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":99,"abstract":100},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295642","Foundations of Economic Preferences","UNIVERSITAT ZURICH","CH","€2,494,759","Preferences are a representation of individuals’ behavioral goals. Assumptions about individual preferences are a decisive component of almost all economic models. In fact, any social science that aims at explaining both individual behaviors and aggregate outcomes in terms of individuals’ goals and constraints has to make assumptions about preferences. Knowledge about preferences is thus key for the ability to predict the behavior of individuals and groups, and for assessing the welfare conseque",{"id":102,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":103,"piName":10,"institution":104,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":105,"abstract":106},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291094","Frontiers for multi-scale computational fluid dynamics","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","€1,656,800","Computational fluid dynamics remains challenged with the complexity of fluid motion on all scales from atmospheric phenomena down to flows in micro- and nano-devices. The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) has been conceived to replace the conventional methods of computational fluid dynamics. Due to its computational efficiency and simplicity in handling complex geometries, LBM was only partly successful in simulating incompressible flows. However, it faced stiff challenges in other domains of fluid",{"id":108,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":109,"piName":10,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":110},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291389","Concurrency Made Easy","The “Concurrency Made Easy” project is an attempt to achieve a conceptual breakthrough on the most daunting challenge in information technology today: mastering concurrency. Concurrency, once a specialized technique for experts, is forcing itself onto the entire IT community because of a disruptive phenomenon: the “end of Moore’s law as we know it”. Increases in performance can no longer happen through raw hardware speed, but only through concurrency, as in multicore architectures. Concurrency i",{"id":112,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":113,"piName":10,"institution":104,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":114},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290911","Variation & the City","VarCity aims to drastically innovate 3D city modeling, moving it away from the traditional, bottom-up Lidar or structure-from-motion pipelines. Not only will large-scale city modeling be automated, but the results will look more realistic, will be more compact and will be semantically structured. Moreover, the dynamics of traffic flows will be added as animations (to safeguard anonymity) and videos of special events and landmarks can be retrieved with the 3D model as geographical context. These ",{"id":116,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":117,"piName":10,"institution":118,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":119,"abstract":120},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291667","Hierarchical Self Assembly of Colloids: Control and Manipulation from Nano-Granular","UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT","€2,494,334","Goal: to significantly extend our ability to manipulate the Self Assembly (SA) of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) into complex 1D\u002F2D\u002F3D architectures (regular clusters, (composite)strings\u002Frods, sheets, submicron colloidal crystals\u002Fliquid crystal phases of the NPs) over multiple length scales going from nano to that of granular matter. In the nano-regime quantum size effects cause materials properties to become strongly size dependent and thus highly tunable. Moreover, the synthesis of many NPs (me",{"id":122,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":123,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":125,"abstract":126},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294852","Synthetic Biology Approach to Adhesion-Mediated Environmental Sensing","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€3,499,799","The primary aims of this work are tightly connected: (i) development of a bio-inspired “synthetic cell” capable of self-assembling, self-propelling and environmental sensing prepared with reduced molecular complexity compared to living cells (ii) quantitative assessment of the bio-activity of specific cellular components within these “synthetic cells”, leading to better fundamental understanding of their function in living cells (iii) use of these findings for reverse engineering of living cells",{"id":128,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":129,"piName":10,"institution":130,"country":131,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":133},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293438","RNF20 and H2B ubiquitination: linking chromatin dynamics, transcriptional control and cancer","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","IL","€2,500,000","Chromatin modifications play a major role in regulating genome function. Perturbations in such modifications can contribute to neoplastic processes. We will focus on a specific chromatin modification: histone H2B monoubiquitylation. The significance of monoubiquitylated H2B (H2Bub) will be studied by manipulating RNF20, the major E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for H2B ubiquitylation as part of a heteromeric complex with RNF40.In one major line of research, we will assess the biochemistry of RNF",{"id":135,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":136,"piName":10,"institution":137,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":138,"abstract":139},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295759","The Aesthetics of Applied Theatre","FREIE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN","€2,285,295","The project aims to systematically explore an entire field of current forms of theatre, which despite its outstanding cultural and political significance has so far largely been ignored by theatre studies. Over the past two decades, notwithstanding intense competition from television and electronic media, theatre has been able to reassert and even reinforce its relevance in many different parts of the world and in widely diverse cultural fields (politics, business, social work, development aid, ",{"id":141,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":142,"piName":10,"institution":143,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":145},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290886","Artificial Life-like Processive Systems","STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITEIT","€1,603,699","Toroidal processive enzymes (e.g. enzymes\u002Fproteins that are able to thread onto biopolymers and to perform stepwise reactions along the polymer chain) are among the most fascinating tools involved in the clockwork machinery of life. Processive catalysis is ubiquitous in Nature, viz. DNA polymerases, endo- and exo-nucleases and; it plays a crucial role in numerous events of the cell’s life, including most of the replication, transmission, and expression and repair processes of the genetic informa",{"id":147,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":148,"piName":10,"institution":149,"country":150,"year":13,"amount":151,"abstract":152},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290963","Critical State Soil Mechanics Revisited: Fabric Effects","ETHNICON METSOVION POLYTECHNION","EL","€1,924,000","The theory of Critical State Soil Mechanics (CSSM) has become a paradigm within the framework of which elastoplastic soil constitutive models have been developed for the last 50 years. The present project will constructively challenge this paradigm from a missing fundamental perspective, namely the effect of soil fabric on the premises of CSSM.The current CSSM postulates that at critical state the stress and void ratios reach critical values with no reference to orientational aspects of the soil",{"id":154,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":155,"piName":10,"institution":149,"country":150,"year":13,"amount":156,"abstract":157},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291239","Mastering the Computational Challenges in Numerical Modeling and Optimum Design of CNT Reinforced Composites","€2,496,000","The innovative and challenging objective of the MASTER project is the numerical modeling and optimum design of complex carbon nanotube (CNT)-reinforced composite morphologies, via a novel and computationally efficient molecular mechanics-based, multiscale stochastic numerical simulation approach, in conjunction with a robust optimization methodology. The rationale of the project is to propose a generic approach for an accurate numerical modeling, efficient analysis and robust design considering ",{"id":159,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":160,"piName":10,"institution":161,"country":162,"year":13,"amount":163,"abstract":164},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291508","Fault-Adaptive Monitoring and Control of Complex Distributed Dynamical Systems","UNIVERSITY OF CYPRUS","CY","€2,035,200","The emergence of networked embedded systems and sensor\u002Factuator networks has facilitated the development of advanced monitoring and control applications, where a large amount of sensor data is collected and processed in real-time in order to activate the appropriate actuators and achieve the desired control objectives. However, in situations where a fault arises in some of the components (e.g., sensors, actuators, communication links), or an unexpected event occurs in the environment, this may l",{"id":166,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":167,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":170,"abstract":171},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294557","Immunogenetics of Severe Bacterial Disease Susceptibility  and Vaccine Responses in Humans","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","UK","€1,997,927","Defining the genetic basis of differential susceptibility to infectious diseases is of importance for understanding the evolution of human genetic diversity, for identifying critical molecular pathways in disease resistance, and for the design of novel intervention strategies such as more effective vaccines.I propose to sequence the entire coding regions of all human genes in large numbers of cases of severe tuberculosis and fatal bacterial sepsis to identify variants that have a large impact on",{"id":173,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":174,"piName":10,"institution":104,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":175},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295456","Sources of Legitimacy in Global Environmental Governance","Most global governance efforts rest on fragile foundations as long as their legitimacy within national political systems remains contested. Legitimacy denotes the “capacity of the political system to engender and maintain the belief that existing political institutions are the most appropriate and proper ones for the society.” (Lipset 1983:64) The proposed project examines the sources of legitimacy and thus also public support for global governance. It focuses on procedural and outcome related s",{"id":177,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":178,"piName":10,"institution":104,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":179},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291151","Coupled and Competing Instabilities in Complex Oxides","The CCICO project will build a comprehensive understanding of how proximity to previously unexplored combinations of instabilities, as well as previously unidentified types of ordering, manifest in novel behaviors, and will develop design guidelines for practical realization of new materials with such behaviors.  Taking transition-metal oxides as our model systems, we will develop and apply first-principles electronic structure theory methods to explore an extensive array of new combinations of ",{"id":181,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":182,"piName":10,"institution":104,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":183,"abstract":184},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290464","Simulating correlated fermions","€2,023,980","This proposal concerns simulations for correlated fermionic quantum systems where strong quantum effects give rise to a plethora of fascinating phenomena and new methodological developments are needed for their understanding. Ultracold Fermi gases in optical lattices provide a unique opportunity:  being simpler and more controlled and tuneable than condensed matter material they are not only ideal experimental realizations of correlated fermions but also provide an excellent testing ground for n",{"id":186,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":187,"piName":10,"institution":188,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":189,"abstract":190},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295392","Youth Citizenship in Divided Societies:  Between Cosmpolitanism, Nation, and Civil Society","UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM","€2,419,013","YouCitizen is a comparative, multi-level ethnographic research project that examines the efforts of international organisations, civil society organisations, and states to foster citizenship for youth in divided societies.  In their efforts, agents working in such organisations often engage in paradoxical, if not contradictory, acts to promote both cosmopolitanism within civil society and national identities, even when aspects of national identity have been a source of division. A central premis",{"id":192,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":193,"piName":10,"institution":194,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":195,"abstract":196},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294293","The molecular and cellular basis of structural plasticity and reorganisation in chronic pain","UNIVERSITATSKLINIKUM HEIDELBERG","€1,992,000","Chronic pain is a serious medical problem and a socioeconomic burden that severely reduces quality of life worldwide. Neural plasticity constitutes a key element of pathological pain, which can come about over various anatomical and temporal scales. Apart from functional plasticity, tremendous potential exists for changes in the structure, connectivity and representation of pain, which can account for long-term persistence of pathological pain. This grant aims to study structural plasticity proc",{"id":198,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":199,"piName":10,"institution":200,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":201,"abstract":202},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291319","Addressing global sustainability challenges by changing perceptions in catalyst design","CARDIFF UNIVERSITY","€2,279,785","One of the greatest challenges facing society is the sustainability of resources.  At present, a step change in the sustainable use of resources is needed and catalysis lies at the heart of the solution by providing new routes to carbon dioxide mitigation, energy security and water conservation. It is clear that new high efficiency game-changing catalysts are required to meet the challenge. This proposal will focus on excellence in catalyst design by learning from recent step change advances in ",{"id":204,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":205,"piName":10,"institution":200,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":206,"abstract":207},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295412","The times of their lives: towards precise narratives of change in the European Neolithic through formal chronological modelling","€2,540,638","This proposal offers ground-breaking progress towards the construction of much more precise chronologies for the Neolithic period in Europe, through the complementary expertise of the P-I and Co-I in Neolithic archaeology and Bayesian statistical analysis respectively. The proposed project would provide much more precise timings of key features and trends in the European Neolithic sequence than are currently available, and much more precise estimates of the duration of events and phenomena, prin",{"id":209,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":210,"piName":10,"institution":211,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":212,"abstract":213},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295673","Bodies express emotions and actions in sociocultural context","UNIVERSITEIT MAASTRICHT","€2,499,541","Emotions are adaptive actions that take place in the real world and involve the whole body. In contrast with an overwhelming number of studies on facial expressions, very little research has been devoted to how emotions are expressed by the whole body and its actions in the real world. This proposal combines neuropsychology and emotion research with normal and unique patient populations. It will apply innovative combinations of physiological and multimodal imaging methods (EEG\u002FMEG and fMRI, EMG ",{"id":215,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":216,"piName":10,"institution":211,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":217,"abstract":218},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294683","Radical Medicine: Redefining Oxidative Stress","€2,298,000","Oxidative stress, an excess of radical and other reactive oxygen species (ROS), has been suggested as a major disease mechanism. However, the major clinical trials using anti-oxidants have been failures, even suggesting serious side effects. Here, I propose completely different approaches: First, instead of letting radicals form and then scavenge them we will identify their diseases-relevant sources and prevent their formation or specifically repair the damage caused by ROS. Second, we will diff",{"id":220,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":221,"piName":10,"institution":222,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":223,"abstract":224},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291650","Electric Currents in Sediment and Soil","AARHUS UNIVERSITET","€2,155,300","With COULOMBUS I will explore the new electronic world I recently found in marine sediment",{"id":226,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":227,"piName":10,"institution":222,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":228,"abstract":229},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291371","Coupled Cluster Calculations on Large Molecular Systems","€1,738,432","Quantum mechanics provides the key to the understanding of the molecular world. Many years of theoretical research have made coupled cluster calculations the state-of-the-art method for small molecules, where calculations have reached an accuracy often challenging experimental results. To describe large molecular systems with coupled cluster methods, the computational scaling with the system size of existing methods represents a roadblock to progress. The ultimate goal is to obtain coupled clust",{"id":231,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":232,"piName":10,"institution":222,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":233,"abstract":234},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294838","Early infectious, inflammatory and immune mechanisms in schizophrenia","€2,471,736","The ambitious goal of this proposal is to identify causal mechanisms in schizophrenia, a devastating disease affecting about 1 percent of the population worldwide, and for which there is no current prevention or cure.If my team and I are successful, we will discover etiological factors that can be targets for preventive interventions on the general population level and in high-risk groups, as well as inform the development of novel treatments.I will use a truly unique population-based set of reg",{"id":236,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":237,"piName":10,"institution":222,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":238,"abstract":239},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294200","Microbial life under extreme energy limitation","€2,488,423","Our aim is to understand basic functions of the predominant microbial life on our planet: anaerobic communities buried in the seabed and subsisting at the energetic limit for cellular processes. An estimated 90% of all prokaryotic microorganisms on Earth, comprising 1\u002F10 of all living biomass, exist in the deep subsurface biosphere with a cellular energy flux that is orders of magnitude below anything studied in laboratory cultures so far. The cells are essentially non-growing with mean generati",{"id":241,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":242,"piName":10,"institution":243,"country":244,"year":13,"amount":245,"abstract":246},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291132","Printed Electroceramics with Ultimate Compositions","OULUN YLIOPISTO","FI","€1,933,200","The ultimate goal of this research is to make extremely advanced leap enabling processing of wide variety of ceramic materials at ultra low temperatures denoted as ULTIMATE CERAMICS(200-500 oC). The project has its risks, but advantages like utilization of pure ceramic materials on challenging substrates like plastic and paper could offer novel scientific results as well as business opportunities to European industry. Key issues based on scientific laws of matters forming the basic research meth",{"id":248,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":249,"piName":10,"institution":250,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":251},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293445","Non-Radioactive Molecular Imaging-Driven Drug Development in Oncology","ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS GRONINGEN","Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Fortunately an abundance of cancer drugs are becoming available; the challenge now is to select the most promising. Integrated cancer research and biomarker-driven adaptive and hypothesis-testing clinical trials are imperative. Many tumor characteristics can now be visualized simultaneously, but the necessary tracers have hardly been explored clinically. In the onQview program, we aim to create a drug development strategy based on a novel non-radioac",{"id":253,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":254,"piName":10,"institution":250,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":255},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294740","Role of telomeres and stem cells in ageing","The impact of a globally ageing population cannot be overstated. It is expected that by the year 2025 over a billion individuals will be over 60 years of age. In order to develop strategies aimed to restore and maintain function in ageing individuals, a better understanding of the molecular pathways and biological processes that are involved in ageing and age-related disorders is urgently needed. One of the major mechanisms implicated in the decline of tissue function and ageing is the loss of t",{"id":257,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":258,"piName":10,"institution":259,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":260,"abstract":261},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294604","New and more individualised population-based screening for cardiovascular disease; from a RCT including selfassessments, primary care and coronary artery calcification score to modelling risk-benefit","ERASMUS UNIVERSITAIR MEDISCH CENTRUM ROTTERDAM","€3,298,999","Cardiovascular disease currently is the primary cause of death of two million people in Europe each year. Early cardiovascular disease can be treated effectively and at ever-lower costs. This has raised hopes that if large groups of individuals who are at an increased risk could be identified earlier, morbidity and mortality from the disease could potentially be reduced. New risk questionnaires, biomarkers and computed tomography imaging technology (CT) have identified undiagnosed increased risk",{"id":263,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":264,"piName":10,"institution":265,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":266,"abstract":267},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290861","Responses of precambrian life to environmental changes","MUSEUM NATIONAL D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE","€1,468,852","This multidisciplinary proposal has the objective to enhance our knowledge on the early steps of the evolution of life on Earth by providing a foundation for better deciphering the molecular fossil record as well as the geochemical signals hidden in ancient rocks. Based on the multiscale and multitechnique study of morphologically preserved microorganisms fossilized within ancient siliceous nodules, I propose to chronologically reconcile the evolution of metabolisms of life forms during the Prec",{"id":269,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":270,"piName":10,"institution":271,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":272,"abstract":273},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295733","Meeting Darwin's last challenge: toward a global tree of human languages and genes","UNIVERSITY OF YORK","€3,483,590","Beyond its theoretical impact, the rise of molecular biology has brought about great progress also in the historical classification of species and populations. Sokal (1988) and Cavalli Sforza et. al. (1988, 1994) advocated a correspondence between some proposed language families and classical genetic markers, i.e. between biological evolution and transmission of cultural traits (languages), in agreement with Darwin’s (1859) prediction of an eventual isomorphy between trees of languages and popul",{"id":275,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":276,"piName":10,"institution":277,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":278,"abstract":279},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291125","Multiscale Thermal Management of Computing Systems","ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - UNIVERSITA DI BOLOGNA","€2,483,397","As computing platforms evolve into heterogeneous, 3D-integrated many-cores, increasing performance per unit area (or volume) comes unavoidably with growing power density, which becomes heat, leading to degradation, acceleration of chip aging and increase in cooling costs. Thermal dissipation is difficult to control at the micro-scale, where typically spatial and temporal power gradients are orders-of-magnitude higher than at the macro-scale.MultiThermMan will move beyond the unsustainable worst-",{"id":281,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":282,"piName":10,"institution":283,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":284,"abstract":285},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291439","NOvel Large-scale InP-Membrane based Integration Technology & Science","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN","€2,419,002","It is the long‐term objective of NOLIMITS to develop a unique technology, that will provide combined electronic and photonic functionality in a single chip and that will overcome the scale and speed limits in today’s photonic integration technology. Our dream is a technology that will be in every laptop and that will contain photonic interconnects and small but ultrafast and ultra low power photonic processors on top of an electronic IC, that contains the large scale but lower speed memory and c",{"id":287,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":288,"piName":10,"institution":283,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":289},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291632","Beam-steered Reconfigurable Optical-Wireless System for Energy-efficient communication","The exploding need for wireless communication capacity is getting beyond the capabilities of traditional radio techniques. The available radio bandwidth gets exhausted, wireless devices start interfering with each other in this overcrowded radio spectrum, and high-capacity radio is power-hungry. Optics can offer a breakthrough, by means of the huge bandwidth of its spectrum, together with intelligent networking.Our ambition is to make a giant step forward in wireless communications, by a revolut",{"id":291,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":292,"piName":10,"institution":293,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":294,"abstract":295},"cordis-european-research-council-award-289049","Multi-scale, Multi-physics MOdelling and COmputation of magneto-sensitive POLYmeric materials","FRIEDRICH-ALEXANDER-UNIVERSITAET ERLANGEN-NUERNBERG","€2,498,000","MOCOPOLY is a careful revision of an AdG2010-proposal that was evaluated above the quality threshold in steps1&2. In the meantime the applicant has made further considerable progress related to the topics of MOCOPOLY. Magneto-sensitive polymers (elastomers) are novel smart materials composed of a rubber-like matrix filled with magneto-active particles. The non-linear elastic characteristics of the matrix combined with the magnetic properties of the particles allow these compounds to deform drama",{"id":297,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":298,"piName":10,"institution":299,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":300,"abstract":301},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291120","Manipulation of trapped quantum polariton fluids","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE","€2,000,000","Despite their incredibly short lifetime, around a few picoseconds only, it has now been amply demonstrated that polaritons may undergo Bose Einstein condensation (BEC) and such quantum fluids have demonstrated very interesting properties such as superfluidity. This project aims at introducing a new paradigm in solid-state physics trough the manipulation of polaritons quantum fluids and condensates in properly designed traps : such fluids will bring a wide variety of novel properties. With my tea",{"id":303,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":304,"piName":10,"institution":299,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":305,"abstract":306},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293660","Synaptic Mechanisms of Cortical Sensorimotor Integration","€2,340,000","Animals actively acquire sensory information. Incoming sensory signals must therefore be processed in the context of self-generated motor commands in order to generate useful sensory percepts. Equally, sensory information is an essential guide during movement. The neuronal circuits and synaptic mechanisms underlying sensorimotor integration in the mammalian brain are currently poorly understood.The mouse whisker sensorimotor system is developing into a useful model for studying active sensory pe",{"id":308,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":309,"piName":10,"institution":299,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":310,"abstract":311},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290975","Light on the Dark: Probing Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Dark Ages","€2,499,935","Despite impressive progress in cosmology over the last decade, our understanding of the universe is still limited particularly in some Dark Areas: Dark Matter, Dark Energy & Dark Ages, where progress is particularly difficult. I propose to build a focused research group in a unique environment at the crossroad of astrophysics, cosmology and fundamental physics. The goal is to shade new “Light on the DArk” (LIDA) using new analysis techniques and new observations coming from two complementary sur",{"id":313,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":314,"piName":10,"institution":299,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":156,"abstract":315},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291085","The Metallurgical Nutcracker: Probing at the Nanoscale the Structure and Properties of Hard Second Phases in Alloys and Composites","Our ambition is to probe the strength of “second” phases in multiphase metal alloys and composites, meaning of hard particles added to strengthen a metal, or alternatively of brittle inclusions that weaken it. Such phases are ubiquitous in structural metals; yet not much is known of the microstructural features that govern their strength.The underlying hypothesis of this project is that defects that limit the strength of such hard second phases can be identified and then altered by processing. M",{"id":317,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":318,"piName":10,"institution":319,"country":320,"year":13,"amount":321,"abstract":322},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295729","Decoding Domesticate DNA in Archaeological Bone and Manuscripts","THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN","IE","€2,499,693","Through animal domestication humans profoundly altered their relationship with nature, controlling the breeding of their major food sources for material, social or symbolic profit.  Understanding this complex process is a compelling research aim.  There is a need to develop new high-resolution genetic tools to put flesh on the bones of this two-millenium long transition.  These will take advantage of very recent advances: targeted next generation DNA sequencing, high throughput screening of expe",{"id":324,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":325,"piName":10,"institution":326,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":327,"abstract":328},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294650","Oncogene-Induced DNA Damage in Cancer","UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE","€2,499,351","I recently proposed a model that helps explain the presence of p53 mutations and genomic instability in human cancers (Nature, 2005; Nature 2006; Science 2008). The key features of this model are that oncogenes induce DNA replication stress, which in turn leads to DNA double-strand breaks, genomic instability and p53-induced senescence or apoptosis. This model is relevant for almost all cancer types and explains the spectrum of mutations being reported in thousands of human cancers by the cancer",{"id":330,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":331,"piName":10,"institution":326,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":332},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291201","Laser Filamentation for Probing and Controlling Atmospheric Processes","The prevention of damaging weather phenomena like floods, hail and lightning strikes has been a dream for centuries. We propose a highly innovative approach relying on laser filaments for both triggering and guiding lightning and produce water condensation in the atmosphere. Filaments are self-sustained light strings of typ. 100 um diameter and hundreds of meters length in air, bear very high intensities and are electrically conductive through molecular ionization.The filamentation process in ai",{"id":334,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":335,"piName":10,"institution":326,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":336,"abstract":337},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290843","Bridging Non-Equilibrium Problems: From the Fourier Law to Gene Expression","€2,135,385","My goal is to study several important open mathematical problems in non-equilibrium (NEQ) systems and to build a bridge between these problems and NEQ aspects of soft sciences, in particular biological questions. Traffic on this bridge is going to be two-way, the mathematics carrying a long history as a language of science towards the soft sciences, and the soft sciences fruitfully asking new questions and building new paradigms for mathematical research.Out-of-equilibrium systems pose several f",{"id":339,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":340,"piName":10,"institution":341,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":342,"abstract":343},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293714","Metabolomics of fungal diseases: a systems biology approach for biomarkers discovery and therapy","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA","€2,299,200","Humans have evolved intimate symbiotic relationships with a consortium of gut microbes (including fungi) and individual variations in the microbiome influence host health and disease. The fact that fungi are capable of colonizing almost every niche within the human body suggests that they must possess particular immune adaptation mechanisms, the breakdown of which may result in fatal fungal infections and severe fungal diseases. Traditional reductionist approaches of the past have not been suffi",{"id":345,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":346,"piName":10,"institution":347,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":348,"abstract":349},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293948","Assembly and maintenance of a co-regulated chromosomal compartment","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€2,482,770","Eukaryotic nuclei are organised into functional compartments, – local microenvironments that are enriched in certain molecules or biochemical activities and therefore specify localised functional outputs. Our study seeks to unveil fundamental principles of co-regulation of genes in a chromo¬somal compartment and the preconditions for homeostasis of such a compartment in the dynamic nuclear environment.The dosage-compensated X chromosome of male Drosophila flies satisfies the criteria for a funct",{"id":351,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":352,"piName":10,"institution":347,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":353,"abstract":354},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294724","High Resolution cryo-EM Analysis of Ribosome-associated Functions","€2,995,640","Translation of the genetically encoded information into polypeptides, protein biosynthesis, is a central function executed by ribosomes in all cells. In the case of membrane protein synthesis, integration into the membrane usually occurs co-translationally and requires a ribosome-associated translocon (SecYEG\u002FSec61). This highly coordinated process is poorly understood, since high-resolution structural information is lacking. Although single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) has given ",{"id":356,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":357,"piName":10,"institution":358,"country":359,"year":13,"amount":360,"abstract":361},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291348","Quantum resources: conceptuals and applications","UNIWERSYTET GDANSKI","PL","€1,970,380","The studies of quantum resources - entanglement (E) and non-locality (NL) carried out over the last decade have broadened horizons of our conceptual understanding of Nature and at the same time opened unprecedented possibilities for practical applications.The project aims at taking advantage of the most recent discoveries to understand the ultimate power and find novel applications of these resources. The main objectives are: E) to study novel entanglement-induced non-additivity effects in quant",{"id":363,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":364,"piName":10,"institution":347,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":365,"abstract":366},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294438","Designer Cellulosomes by Single Molecule Cut & Paste","€2,351,450","Biofuel from wood and waste will be a substantial share of our future energy mix. The conversion of lignocellulose to fermentable polysaccharides is the current bottleneck. We propose to use single molecule cut and paste technology to assemble designer cellulosoms and combine enzymes from different species with nanocatalysts.",{"id":368,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":369,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":370,"abstract":371},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291053","Mathematics of solid and liquid crystals","€2,006,998","The project combines two closely related themes in which nonlinear analysis  addresses central issues of material behaviour. The first is the  prediction and analysis of microstructure arising from solid phase transformations in alloys.     Such microstructure largely determines the macroscopic properties of the material, but the prediction of its morphology remains poorly understood, and is related to deep unsolved problems in the calculus of variations. The aim is to make advances in this area",{"id":373,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":374,"piName":10,"institution":375,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":376,"abstract":377},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291482","Rectifying interfaces for solar driven fuel synthesis","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","€1,800,000","There is rapidly growing interest in the science required to enable the conversion of solar energy into molecular fuels, motivated both by the need to develop a renewable, globally scalable transportation fuel strategy and the need to address the intermittency limitations of solar electrical power generation. Rapid progress is being made in the fabrication of inorganic, low cost, nanostructured photoelectrodes which utilise visible irradiation for such fuel syntheses, including water photolysis ",{"id":379,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":380,"piName":10,"institution":375,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":381,"abstract":382},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290467","Attosecond Science by Transmission and Emission of X-rays","€2,344,390","This is a programme of advanced research with potential for high scientific impact and applications to areas of great strategic importance such as renewable energy and biomolecular technology. The aim is to develop and apply a combination of cutting-edge tools to observe and understand dynamics in molecules and condensed phase matter with attosecond temporal and nanometre spatial resolutions. The programme, will exploit two new types of measurements that my group have already begun to develop: h",{"id":384,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":385,"piName":10,"institution":375,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":386,"abstract":387},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294627","Cell cycle regulation of ES cell identity and reprogramming potential","€2,038,170","Pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) and germ (EG) cells differ from other stem cells in several respects. They display a characteristically ‘compressed’ cell cycle in which G1 is shortened, contain a high proportion of cells in DNA synthesis (S)-phase and lack several cell cycle checkpoints. This unusual cell cycle signature is important for maintaining their identity since cell cycle arrest, or lengthening, results in irreversible differentiation, and somatic cells assume this unusual signature whe",{"id":389,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":390,"piName":10,"institution":391,"country":10,"year":13,"amount":392,"abstract":393},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294880","Deciphering the ubiquitin code of the TNF receptor signalling complex and its functional role in inflammation and immunity","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON","€2,367,337","Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a cytokine with important functions in inflammation, immunity and cancer. Signalling processes mediated by ubiquitin are crucial for TNF signalling. The seven lysine (K) residues and the N-terminus of ubiquitin can be used to form ubiquitin chains. Employing a method newly developed in our laboratory we identified the presence of four of these ubiquitin chain linkage types in the native TNF receptor signalling complex (TNF-RSC). Our knowledge of the specific funct",{"id":395,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":396,"piName":10,"institution":375,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":397,"abstract":398},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290456","Gauge theory - String  theory duality: maximally symmetric case and beyond","€1,679,584","Quantum field theories with local gauge symmetry  are building blocks of the modern theory of fundamental interactions between  elementary particles. The basic example  is Quantum Chromo Dynamics. There is strong evidence  that QCD is the correct theory of strong interactions, but it has been difficult to  use it to account  for many hadronic phenomena  which is due to large  value of gauge  coupling  at low  energies. Theoretical  understanding of  gauge theory dynamics at large values of coupl",{"id":400,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":401,"piName":10,"institution":375,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":402},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294785","Genetics and epigenetics of Type 2 Diabetes physiology","Failure to elucidate Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) physiology frustrates efforts to improve therapeutics. Although GWAS has identified 40 T2D genes, mostly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells, this explains no more than 10% of T2D inheritance. Up to 5% of T2D patients have dominantly inherited maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), characterized by beta-cell dysfunction. Elucidating the genetics of familial early-onset T2D, using Whole-Exome Sequencing (WES) can bring breakthroughs in understanding",{"id":404,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":405,"piName":10,"institution":347,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":406,"abstract":407},"cordis-european-research-council-award-268608","Exploring novel pathways governing immunity and leukemia by studying the genetic basis of human myeloid cell defects  - from genetics to gene therapy","€2,496,648","Genomic system biology approaches offer new aspects to understand the basis of diseases and to develop new therapeutic strategies. Here, we propose to study rare human variants of the immune system to provide novel explanations of mechanisms governing inflammation and leukemogenesis. Following a full circle of translational research, our group has previously defined several novel clinical entities and elucidated their molecular defects (Nat Med 2007, NEJM 2009). Further studies have highlighted ",{"id":409,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":410,"piName":10,"institution":347,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":411,"abstract":412},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295573","Sound change and the acquisition of timing in speech","€1,934,590","The aim of the proposal is to relate historical sound change to the acquisition of the temporal control of speech. The motivation for the experiments is that the mis-perception of timing relationships and the failure to normalize perceptually for context effects are driving forces for sound change",{"id":414,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":415,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":416,"abstract":417},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291528","Reasoning About Computational Economies","€2,129,617","The aim of this project is to develop, apply, and evaluate RACE: a robust and practical model checking tool for use in the formal specification, verification, and analysis of computational economies – computer systems in which system components are assumed to have their own goals\u002Fpreferences about the overall behaviour of the system, and where these system components are assumed to behave selfishly and strategically in the furtherance of their goals\u002Fpreferences. The key deliverables of the proje",{"id":419,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":420,"piName":10,"institution":421,"country":422,"year":13,"amount":423,"abstract":424},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290923","Advanced Data-Driven Black-box modelling","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","BE","€2,485,800","Making accurate predictions is a crucial factor in many systems (such as in modelling energy consumption, power load forecasting, traffic networks, process industry, environmental modelling, biomedicine, brain-machine interfaces) for cost savings, efficiency, health, safety and organizational purposes.  In this proposal we aim at realizing a new generation of more advanced black-box modelling techniques for estimating predictive models from measured data. We will study different optimization mod",{"id":426,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":427,"piName":10,"institution":421,"country":422,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":428},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291561","Heavy Element Laser Ionization Spectroscopy","The aim of this proposal is to develop a novel laser-spectroscopy method and to study nuclear and atomic properties of heaviests elements in order to address the following key questions:- Is the existence of the heaviest isotopes determined by the interplay between single-particle and collective nucleon degrees of freedom in the atomic nucleus?- How do relativistic effects and isotopic composition influence the valence atomic structure of the heaviest elements?The new approach is based on in-gas",{"id":430,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":431,"piName":10,"institution":421,"country":422,"year":13,"amount":432,"abstract":433},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294713","EPidemiological Left ventriclar Outcomes Research in Europe","€2,391,440","Heart failure (HF) affects 15 million Europeans and entails higher mortality and health care costs than cancer. EPLORE addresses this issue by prospective epidemiological research in 4 European countries and by a proof-of-concept clinical trial. WP1 will for the first time at the population level document the incidence and progression of subclinical LV dysfunction and clarify whether asymptomatic LV dysfunction, as picked up by the newest echocardiographic techniques, predicts cardiovascular (CV",{"id":435,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":436,"piName":10,"institution":421,"country":422,"year":13,"amount":437,"abstract":438},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295920","Linkage mechanisms between citizens and the state. Consequences of changing value patterns and expanding participation repertoires","€2,476,800","Linkage systems between citizens and the state have been transformed dramatically in previous decades. Structural linkages, like party membership, partisan identities and institutionalized forms of participation (e.g., voting) are in decline, while in a number of countries, political trust too has eroded. Research has shown, however, that this decline does not amount to an alienation of citizens from the political system, as non-institutionalized forms of participation and levels of political in",{"id":440,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":441,"piName":10,"institution":421,"country":422,"year":13,"amount":442,"abstract":443},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291593","FLUOROCODE: a super-resolution optical map of DNA","€2,423,160","There has been an immense investment of time, effort and resources in the development of the technologies that enable DNA sequencing in the past 10 years. Despite the significant advances made, all of the current genomic sequencing technologies suffer from two important shortcomings. Firstly, sample preparation is time-consuming and expensive, and requiring a full day for sample preparation for next-generation sequencing experiments. Secondly, sequence information is delivered in short fragments",{"id":445,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":446,"piName":10,"institution":421,"country":422,"year":13,"amount":447,"abstract":448},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294191","The manufacturing of a biological tissue: REgeneration of the JOINt by Developmental engineering.","€3,057,673","The general aim of REJOIND is to provide proof-of-principle for the in vitro manufacturing of a growing bone, with a bioartificial growth plate as a “driving engine” at its core. To achieve this, we propose a developmental engineering approach, based on the modular design of in vitro processes consisting of sequential units corresponding to in vivo developmental stages.  These processes follow a gradual and coordinated progression of tissue growth and cell differentiation that leads to organizat",{"id":450,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":451,"piName":10,"institution":452,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":453,"abstract":454},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294744","The input of mechanical forces to morphogenesis and wound healing: a systematic dissection","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€2,495,504","The importance of mechanical forces in biology is well accepted, yet an integrated view of their mode of action in vivo is lacking. We intend to characterize in-depth the physical forces and cellular processes that coordinate the morphogenesis of different cell types contributing to an organ, taking the C. elegans embryo as a paradigm.We will achieve this by pursuing three axes:1.Building on our discovery of a hemidesmosome-based mechanotransduction pathway that operates between contracting musc",{"id":456,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":457,"piName":10,"institution":452,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":458},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291062","Innovative Concepts for Extracting climate and atmospheric composition records from polar ice cores using new LASER Sensors","ICE&LASERS propose to make a breakthrough in two challenges of paleoclimate science:(1) Extending the Antarctic ice core records to 1.5 million years ago is critical to understand the unexplained climate shift from 40,000-year periodicities to 100,000-year ones, calling for a different climate sensitivity to orbital forcing. We propose to revolutionize ice core science by building an innovative probe making its own way into the ice sheet within a single field season, to measure in situ the depth",{"id":460,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":461,"piName":10,"institution":452,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":462,"abstract":463},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290852","Air-Sea Exchanges driven by Light","€2,366,276","The scientific motivation of this project is the significant presence of organic compounds at the surface of the ocean. They form the link between ocean biogeochemistry through the physico-chemical processes near the water-air interface with primary and secondary aerosol formation and evolution in the air aloft and finally to the climate impact of marine boundary layer aerosols. However, their photochemistry and photosensitizer properties have only been suggested and discussed but never fully ad",{"id":465,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":466,"piName":10,"institution":467,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":468,"abstract":469},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295375","Persia and its Neighbours: the Archaeology of Late Antique Imperial Power in Iran","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","€2,488,003","The Sasanian Empire (3rd-7th c. AD) stretched from Mesopotamia to the west of the Indian Subcontinent. A pilot study has shown that major frontier walls and geometrical fortifications, whose scale and sophistication surpasses those in contemporary Europe, date to the Sasanian era, as do grand urban foundations and canal systems. Yet, excavations and surveys of Sasanian monuments have been far and few between and have mostly employed conventional approaches. Publications amount to a fraction of t",{"id":471,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":472,"piName":10,"institution":452,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":473,"abstract":474},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294509","Pre- and postsynaptic signaling at single synaptic contacts","€2,494,480","The main goal of the project is to develop new procedures to investigate single synaptic sites of the mammalian brain. For this purpose, synaptically connected pairs of molecular layer interneurons will be studied in cerebellar slices. Presynaptic calcium transients will be elicited at individual presumptive presynaptic release sites using targeted photorelease of the calcium precursor DM-nitrophen. Using this new approach several questions will be addressed including the degree of postsynaptic ",{"id":476,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":477,"piName":10,"institution":452,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":478,"abstract":479},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294823","Genome-enabled dissection of marine diatom ecophysiology","€2,423,320","Diatoms are the most successful group of eukaryotic phytoplankton in the modern ocean. Recently completed whole genome sequences have revealed a wealth of information about the evolutionary origins and metabolic adaptations that may have led to their ecological success. A major finding is that they have acquired genes both from their endosymbiotic ancestors and by horizontal gene transfer from marine bacteria. This unique melting pot of genes encodes novel and largely unexplored capacities for m",{"id":481,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":482,"piName":10,"institution":483,"country":320,"year":13,"amount":484,"abstract":485},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290562","Multidisciplinary Studies of Extreme and Rogue Wave Phenomena","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN","€1,831,800","MULTIWAVE is an interdisciplinary project at the frontiers of mathematics, physics and engineering which will explore important open questions in nonlinear wave propagation and the emergence of extreme events. The work necessitates a Co-Investigator approach in order to carry out coordinated analytical, numerical and experimental studies of the nonlinear effects that form the subject of the proposal.  The project builds on recent international developments in the field of nonlinear waves led by ",{"id":487,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":488,"piName":10,"institution":489,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":490,"abstract":491},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295675","Willing to Pay? Testing Institutionalist Theory with Experiments","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","€2,491,135","The project will combine experimental techniques and methodologies with historically informed institutionalist analysis in order to more fully test and explore the relationships between institutions, policy regimes and citizen’s policy choices in different welfare states. The research will extend the current work in experimental economics and cognitive science by designing experiments that are modeled on real world institutions and policy choices in several different countries.Specifically we wi",{"id":493,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":494,"piName":10,"institution":495,"country":496,"year":13,"amount":497,"abstract":498},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294409","Sensitive, specific high-throughput plasma proteome analysis via ProteinSeq","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","SE","€2,499,600","Despite increasing interest in biomarkers to diagnose and distinguish diseases and select treatment few new protein biomarkers are being successfully validated. Important explanations for the limited success are poor specificity and sensitivity of detection of plasma proteins using current assays, and inability to analyze large numbers of markers and samples.  Improved assays should provide access to plasma protein biomarkers at levels below current detection thresholds, potentially reflecting d",{"id":500,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":501,"piName":10,"institution":495,"country":496,"year":13,"amount":502,"abstract":503},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294556","Mechanisms of regulation of the blood-brain barrier; towards opening and closing the barrier on demand","€2,499,427","In the bone-enclosed CNS, increased vascular permeability may cause life-threatening tissue swelling, and\u002For ischemia and inflammation which compromise tissue repair after trauma or stroke. The brain vasculature possesses several unique features collectively named the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in which passive permeability is almost completely abolished and replaced by a complex of specific transport mechanisms. The BBB is necessary to uphold the specific milieu necessary for neuronal function. ",{"id":505,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":506,"piName":10,"institution":495,"country":496,"year":13,"amount":507,"abstract":508},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294333","The evolutionary implications of genetic conflict","€2,497,442","The study of genetic conflict is developing at an almost explosive rate. The recognition that genes or alleles residing in individuals of the two sexes may have conflicting interests is transforming evolutionary biology and, likewise, conflict between genes showing different modes of transmission may fundamentally affect adaptive evolution. The research proposed here will push the frontiers of genetic conflict research and establish new domains. It is aimed at exploring the novel possibility tha",{"id":510,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":511,"piName":10,"institution":495,"country":496,"year":13,"amount":512,"abstract":513},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294601","Dissecting genotype-phenotype relationships using high-throughput genomics and carefully selected study populations","€2,300,000","A major aim in genome research is to reveal how genetic variation affects phenotypic variation. Here I propose to use high-throughput genomics (whole genome sequencing, transcriptome and epigenome analysis) to screen carefully selected study populations where the chances are particularly favourable to obtain novel insight into genotype-phenotype relationships. The ambition is to take discoveries all the way from phenotypic characterization to the identification of the genes and the actual geneti",{"id":515,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":516,"piName":10,"institution":517,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":518},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291002","Size effects in fracture and plasticity","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO","Understanding how materials respond to external mechanical perturbation is a central problem of science and engineering. While for most practical purposes it is useful to idealize the mechanical response of a material as a deterministic function of the externally applied perturbation, disorder and fluctuations are unavoidable, leading to sample-to-sample variations and non-trivial size effects. The size dependence of strength is a well known but still unresolved issue in the fracture of material",{"id":520,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":521,"piName":10,"institution":522,"country":523,"year":13,"amount":524,"abstract":525},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295843","The three crises of globalisation:  An anthropological history of the early 21st century","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","NO","€2,496,344","The research literature on various dimensions of globalisation is enormous, yet this project constitutes the first major attempt to weave disparate empirical strands together within a shared conceptual framework, namely that of crises resulting from the acceleration and intensification of global processes. Three major crises of globalisation are to be explored and analysed. In the realm of environmental issues\u002Fclimate change, the quest for transnational legal arrangements ensuring sustainability",{"id":527,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":528,"piName":10,"institution":522,"country":523,"year":13,"amount":529,"abstract":530},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291058","Physics of the Solar Chromosphere","€2,487,600","CHROMPHYS aims at a breakthrough in our understanding of the solar chromosphere by combining the development of sophisticated radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations with observations from the upcoming NASA SMEX mission Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS).The enigmatic chromosphere is the transition between the solar surface and the eruptive outer solar atmosphere.  The chromosphere harbours and constrains the mass and energy loading processes that define the heating of the corona, th",{"id":532,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":533,"piName":10,"institution":534,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":535,"abstract":536},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295576","Understanding Institutional Change: A Gender Perspective","THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","€2,166,090","What are the gender dynamics of institutional change?  Changing institutions is a fundamental part of the task of lessening gender inequality and yet the gender dynamics of institutional change are still poorly understood. Feminist scholars have long been interested in how to achieve the social, economic and political changes that will lessen inequality.  Huge changes in some women's social and economic status have occurred in many part of the world in the last fifty years.  Nonetheless multiple",{"id":538,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":539,"piName":10,"institution":540,"country":541,"year":13,"amount":542,"abstract":543},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290846","Novel uses for graphene","FUNDACION IMDEA NANOCIENCIA","ES","€991,691","Models for novel uses of graphene, not feasible in other materials, will be developed. Emphasis will be made on properties unique to graphene, like its extremely high stiffness, flexibility, tunable metallic features, and very low mass density. Novel applications will be studied in the areas of i) structural deformations and modulation of electronic properties, ii) spin manipulation, and iii) optoelectronics and plasmonics.",{"id":545,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":546,"piName":10,"institution":547,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":548,"abstract":549},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293683","Excitatory and inhibitory cell assembliesin the cerebral cortex","KING'S COLLEGE LONDON","€2,493,481","The neural assembly underlying the formation of functional networks in the cerebral cortex is conceivably the most complex biological system that exists.  Much of this complexity arises during development through the interaction of dozens of different neuronal populations, which belong to two general classes: excitatory glutamatergic pyramidal cells and inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric containing (GABAergic) interneurons.  Perhaps the most fascinating aspect of the assembly of cortical circuits is ",{"id":551,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":552,"piName":10,"institution":553,"country":541,"year":13,"amount":554,"abstract":555},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294099","Bio-inspired optical corrections of presbyopia","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","€2,399,548","The human crystalline lens has the capability to dynamically change its shape to focus near and far objects. By age 55, the accommodation capability is lost and optical aids are needed for near vision. Many questions remain open that are critical to understand accommodation, the failure in presbyopia, and the prospects for its correction. Multifocal presbyopic corrections are increasingly used. However, the ideal multifocal pattern, and the optical factors affecting depth-of-focus and adaptation",{"id":557,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":558,"piName":10,"institution":559,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":560,"abstract":561},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291377","Theoretical predictions and analyses of LHC physics: advancing the precision frontier","ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE","€2,049,600","The primary goal of this research proposal is to push to new levels of precision the predictive power of theoretical analyses of the phenomena observed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The start-up of the LHC has opened a new era in the exploration of the fundamental laws of Nature. This is expected to lead, among other results, to the clarification of the mechanism breaking the electroweak symmetry of fundamental interactions, to the discovery of new elementary particles, possibly ac",{"id":563,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":564,"piName":10,"institution":565,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":566},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291531","The HI Story of Galaxy Evolution in the Nearby Universe","RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN","Current radio telescopes have imaged the HI in and around a few hundred galaxies in the nearby universe, but to reach out into the universe to the time when the decline in star formation started will require new facilities. An essential ingredient in the process of galaxy formation and evolution is the balance between the acquisition of gas through merging and accretion and the depletion of gas through stripping and outflows induced by star formation and in some cases active galactic nuclei (AGN",{"id":568,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":569,"piName":10,"institution":517,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":570,"abstract":571},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291521","ILLUMINATING DARK ENERGY WITH THE NEXT GENERATION OF COSMOLOGICAL REDSHIFT SURVEYS","€1,723,600","Galaxy redshift surveys have been central in establishing the current successful cosmological model. Reconstructing the large-scale distribution of galaxies in space and time, they provide us with a unique probe of the basic constituents of the Universe, their evolution and the background fundamental physics. A new generation of even larger surveys is planned for the starting decade, with the aim of solving the remaining mysteries of the standard model using high-precision measurements of galaxy",{"id":573,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":574,"piName":10,"institution":575,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":576},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294745","Gene therapy and nanotechnology based CNS targeted vectors","THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD","Targeting therapeutic genes selectively into the central nervous system (CNS) is a crucial precondition for translation of gene therapy strategies into human trials. The current multidisciplinary proposal integrates expertise identified as essential in the effective acceleration of research to overcome bottlenecks in the field including: 1) Inefficiency of therapy delivery to the CNS because of factors like the blood-brain barrier (BBB); 2) Poor understanding of disease mechanisms at the molecul",{"id":578,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":579,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":580,"abstract":581},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295663","Psychology of Relationships, Networks and Community Cohesion","€2,497,303","The contemporary urban social environment contains an inherent contradiction at its heart: we live in very large social communities, but our natural community size (as reflected in the size of our personal social networks) is very small (~150, now known as Dunbar’s Number). I argue that a tension between prosociality (facilitating social cohesion in small communities) and selfishness (the individualism that undermines cohesion in very large communities) is responsible for much of the dysfunction",{"id":583,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":584,"piName":10,"institution":585,"country":541,"year":13,"amount":586,"abstract":587},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294294","Distributed Computation in Synthetic Cellular Consortia","UNIVERSIDAD POMPEU FABRA","€2,764,000","Synthetic biology is still far from producing flexible, programmable, scalable and predictable engineered constructs able to perform complex computations. The main problem has arisen from the fact that, in contrast to electronic designs where wires have identical nature, in a cell-based system each wire would correspond to a different molecular entity. In a joint effort between theoretical and experimental studies, we have established biological circuits with Distributed Computation capacity (Re",{"id":589,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":590,"piName":10,"institution":591,"country":131,"year":13,"amount":592,"abstract":593},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295644","Size Matters in Numerical Cognition","BEN-GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV","€2,251,330","Numerical cognition is essential to many aspects of life and arithmetic abilities predict academic achievements better than reading. Acquiring a solid sense of numbers and being able to mentally manipulate numbers are at the heart of this ability. In recent years research has been marked by looking for the underlying mental operations, an effort to unravel the neural tissue that supports these operations, and identifying low-level deficits that underlie deficiencies in numerical cognition such a",{"id":595,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":596,"piName":10,"institution":597,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":598,"abstract":599},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294428","Parasite population genomics and functional studies towards development of a blood stage malaria vaccine","LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE ROYAL CHARTER","€2,948,083","An effective malaria vaccine is needed, particularly against P. falciparum as this species causes more human mortality than all other eukaryotic pathogens combined. An understanding of natural selection operating on parasites in local endemic populations can enable understanding of core molecular mechanisms of global relevance. The objectives are to- Advance understanding of alternative pathways of erythrocyte invasion by malaria parasites- Advance understanding of immune evasion by malaria para",{"id":601,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":602,"piName":10,"institution":603,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":604,"abstract":605},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294702","Investigating the biology of plant infection by the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae","THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER","€2,498,733","Plant diseases represent one of the most important risks to ensuring global food security and new control strategies for the world’s most serious crop diseases are urgently needed. This project will lead to an unparalleled advance in understanding of the world’s most serious crop disease - rice blast.  Each year rice blast disease claims 11-30% of the potential rice harvest, which is enough rice to feed 60 million people. The fungus that causes rice blast disease, Magnaporthe oryzae, is a highly",{"id":607,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":608,"piName":10,"institution":609,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":610,"abstract":611},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291474","Quantum Entanglement in Electronic Solid State Devices","UNIVERSITAT BASEL","€1,999,350","The quantum world is by far larger than the classical one. It is entanglement, closely linked to non-locality, that spans this larger space manifold. Entanglement plays a central role in emerging quantum technology aiming to harvest quantum space. From the experimentalist’s point of view working in nanoelectronics, there is no instrument on the shelf yet, that would measure the degree of entanglement. This we would like to change with QUEST.QUEST is a long term project with the goal to experimen",{"id":613,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":614,"piName":10,"institution":615,"country":131,"year":13,"amount":616,"abstract":617},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291612","Stacks in Representation Theory, Relative Trace Formula and analysis of  Automorphic Periods","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€1,179,000","One of the central problems in number theory is to prove somereasonably sharp bounds for values of $L$-functions and ofcorresponding automorphic periods (they are usually called subconvexitybounds). In this project I propose to study two  new toolsin representation theory of reductive groups over local fields-- Densities on Stcks and Mirolocalization of representtions.I am going to use these tools  to obtain very strong subconvexity boundsfor periods of automorphic representations. This is an ex",{"id":619,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":620,"piName":10,"institution":615,"country":131,"year":13,"amount":621,"abstract":622},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291071","Mob Data Sourcing","€1,706,400","Crowd-based data sourcing is a new and powerful data procurement paradigm that engages Web users to collectively contribute data, analyze information and share opinions. This brings to light, out of the huge, inconsistent Web ocean, an important body of knowledge that would otherwise not be attainable. Crowd-based data sourcing democratizes data-collection, cutting companies and researchers reliance on stagnant, overused datasets, and has great potential for revolutionizing our information world",{"id":624,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":625,"piName":10,"institution":615,"country":131,"year":13,"amount":245,"abstract":626},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294519","Practical statistical  approaches for addressing replicability problems in life sciences","Lack of replicability of scientific discoveries has surfaced too often in recent years, and even reached the attention of the general public. An ignored cause is the inappropriate statistical treatment of two statistical problems: (1) selective inference, manifested in selecting few promising leads following the statistical analysis of the potential many, where ignoring the selection process on estimates, confidence intervals and observed significance; (2) using too optimistic a yardstick of var",{"id":628,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":629,"piName":10,"institution":615,"country":131,"year":13,"amount":630,"abstract":631},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291352","Detecting massive-planet\u002Fbrown-dwarf\u002Flow-mass-stellar companions with the beaming effect","€1,737,600","I propose to lead an international observational effort to characterize the population of massive planets, brown dwarf and stellar secondaries orbiting their parent stars with short periods, up to 10-30 days. The effort will utilize the superb, accurate, continuous lightcurves of more than hundred thousand stars obtained recently by two space missions – CoRoT and Kepler. I propose to use these lightcurves to detect non-transiting low-mass companions with a new algorithm, BEER, which I developed ",{"id":633,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":634,"piName":10,"institution":615,"country":131,"year":13,"amount":635,"abstract":636},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293579","Harnessing Oxygenic Photosynthesis for Sustainable Energy Production","€2,487,000","Oxygenic photosynthesis, that takes place in cyanobacteria algae and plants, provides most of the food and fuel on earth. The light stage of this process is driven by two photosystems. Photosystem II (PSII) that oxidizes water to O2 and 4 H+ and photosystem I (PSI) which in the light provides the most negative redox potential in nature that can drive numerous reactions including CO2 assimilation and hydrogen (H2) production. The structure of most of the complexes involved in oxygenic photosynthe",{"id":638,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":639,"piName":10,"institution":640,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":641},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294582","Multimodal Molecular Imaging","KLINIKUM RECHTS DER ISAR DER TECHNISCHEN UNIVERSITAT MUNCHEN","Imaging has become an integral part of diagnosis and staging of disease. This proposal aims at the development if innovative imaging methods for the visualization and quantitative assessment of biologic processes in-vivo. The simultaneous MR\u002FPET data acquisition will be employed o integrate structural, physiologic and molecular information for the phenotyping of human disease and therapeutic decision making process. Such multimodality imaging is thought to serve as unique clinical tool to suppor",{"id":643,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":644,"piName":10,"institution":645,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":646,"abstract":647},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294324","A Cross Species Approach to Understand the Mechanism and Evolution of Limb Regeneration Capacity","FORSCHUNGSINSTITUT FUR MOLEKULARE PATHOLOGIE GESELLSCHAFT MBH","€2,447,600","Limb regeneration capacity varies among vertebrates, ranging from full regeneration in salamanders, to stage-restricted premetamorphic regeneration in frogs, to finger-tip regeneration in newborn mice and humans.The molecular and cellular basis for these differences in regeneration ability is not known and it is still unclear if these different regenerative events are tied by some common mechanisms with progressive restriction due to extracellular signals or cell intrinsic changes.Connective tis",{"id":649,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":650,"piName":10,"institution":651,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":652,"abstract":653},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295458","Arctic Domestication: Emplacing Human-Animal Relationships in the Circumpolar North","THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN","€2,497,830","This 6-year project aims to co-ordinate field research in each of these fields to elaborate a new model of emplaced human-animal relations evoking recent theoretical concerns of the definition of the person, the attribution of agency, and renewed attention to ‘built environments’.  The project will work inductively from empirical observations in seven field sites across the circumpolar Arctic from the Russian Federation, to Fennoscandia, to Canada.  The circumpolar Arctic originally provided man",{"id":655,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":656,"piName":10,"institution":657,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":658,"abstract":659},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295817","From Silicosis to Chronic Respiratory diseases: an approach via epidemiological history (in France, Europe, Southern Africa, from the 1900s until today)","FONDATION NATIONALE DES SCIENCES POLITIQUES","€1,628,803","Silicosis, a pathology caused by the inhalation of crystalline silica dust, is the deadly occupational disease in history. Contrary to what some may think, it does not belong to a remote past as it struck massively in the 20th century and is still present in industrial societies, and is growing in emerging countries. SILICOSIS seeks to re-evaluate the epidemiological importance of silicosis by combining history, social science and public health. Indeed, its medical definition was literally, and ",{"id":661,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":662,"piName":10,"institution":663,"country":98,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":664},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291490","Mechanically Responsive Polymers","UNIVERSITE DE FRIBOURG","“Intelligent” polymers which change their properties “on command”, that is upon exposure to a pre-defined stimulus in a highly selective and reversible manner, are of considerable academic interest and attractive for countless technologically relevant applications. Many examples of chemically, thermally, electrically, optically, or electrically responsive materials are known, but only few polymers have been studied, which respond in a useful and predictable manner to the exposure of mechanical s",{"id":666,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":667,"piName":10,"institution":668,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":669},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294325","Controlling stochastic gene expression during development and stem cell differentiation","KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN - KNAW","The phenotypic differences between individual organisms can often be ascribed to underlying genetic and environmental variation. However, even genetically identical organisms in homogenous environments vary, suggesting that randomness in developmental processes such as gene expression may also generate diversity. My laboratory has intensively studied stochastic gene expression in microbial systems and more recently started to apply these concepts to multicellular organisms and stem cells. One of",{"id":671,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":672,"piName":10,"institution":673,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":674,"abstract":675},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294477","Generating self-antigen diversity in the thymus: from gene expression patterns in single cells to the system level, an integrative approach","DEUTSCHES KREBSFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM HEIDELBERG","€2,014,560","The thymus plays a central role in the induction of self-tolerance, a hallmark of the immune system. During T cell development a highly diverse T cell receptor repertoire is probed against a matching array of self-antigens. While the generation of the T cell receptor repertoire relies on unique genetic recombination mechanisms, the corresponding molecular principles underlying the generation of TCR ligands - self-peptide\u002FMHC complexes - are less well understood; recent data indicate that novel p",{"id":677,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":678,"piName":10,"institution":673,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":679},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291903","Unlocking the potential of ultra-high-field MRI through manipulation of radiofrequency excitation fields in human tissue","In the past three decades, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become a vital tool for clinical diagnosis and research. A major current trend is the introduction of magnets with much more powerful static magnetic fields, including magnets at 7 Tesla (7T) and higher. Advantages of higher magnetic fields include higher signal-to-noise ratios enabling improved spatial and temporal resolution, and new, unique tissue contrasts due to enhanced sensitivity to tissue susceptibility differences.Unfortun",{"id":681,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":682,"piName":10,"institution":673,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":683},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294646","Global Mapping of Synthetic Genetic Interactions in Drosophila","The genetics underlying phenotype-genotype relationships during development and disease is often complex with many genes contributing to a particular phenotypic outcome. While forward genetic screens have uncovered many mutations that are limiting at a particular stage or tissue, the majority of genes in most genomes remain genetically untouched. Recent studies in model organisms, in particular in yeast, have provided evidence for the existence of pervasive genetic interactions with large effect",{"id":685,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":686,"piName":10,"institution":687,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":688,"abstract":689},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293662","Principles of Chromatin Organization","STICHTING HET NEDERLANDS KANKER INSTITUUT-ANTONI VAN LEEUWENHOEK ZIEKENHUIS","€2,495,080","Chromatin is the ensemble of genomic DNA and hundreds of structural and regulatory proteins. Together these proteins govern the gene expression program of a cell. While biochemical and genetic approaches have tought us much about interactions between individual chromatin proteins, we still lack a “big picture” of chromatin: how is the entire interaction network of chromatin proteins organized?My lab discovered that chromatin in Drosophila consists of a limited number of principal types that part",{"id":691,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":692,"piName":10,"institution":693,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":694,"abstract":695},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295517","Predisposed mechanisms for social orienting: A comparative neuro-cognitive approach","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TRENTO","€2,367,922","Predispositions for newly hatched\u002Fborn vertebrates, including humans, to attend to and preferentially learn about conspecifics, are pervasive and can be of vital biological importance. Such predispositions are, however, very poorly understood. Studying them, and their physiological, genetic, molecular and neural bases, is crucial for an understanding of typical and atypical human development. Indeed, some have suggested that lack of such predispositions may contribute to autism. We will develop ",{"id":697,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":698,"piName":10,"institution":699,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":700},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290976","The Science of Forecasting: Probabilistic Foundations, Statistical Methodology and Applications","HITS GGMBH","The future being uncertain, forecasts ought to be probabilistic in nature, taking the form of probability distributions over future quantities or events.  Accordingly, a transdisciplinary transition from point forecasts to probabilistic forecasts is well under way.  The ScienceFore project seeks to provide guidance and leadership in this transition, by developing the theoretical foundations of the science of forecasting, as well as cutting-edge statistical methodology, along with applications in",{"id":702,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":703,"piName":10,"institution":704,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":705,"abstract":706},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294354","Manipulating and Imaging Stem Cells at Work","RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG","€2,562,000","Stem cells are promise and threat at the same time. To understand how stem cells act it is crucial to study their behavior in their natural context. Following and manipulating an individual stem cell and its descendants on their path to differentiation has so far not been possible. We have recently developed new microscopy and image analysis tools that allow long term in vivo observations. Novel genetic tools allow to stochastically label individual cells and thus to follow all descendants deriv",{"id":708,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":709,"piName":10,"institution":704,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":710,"abstract":711},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290623","Functional Renormalization - from quantum gravity and dark energy to ultracold atoms and condensed matter","€1,955,400","Functional Renormalization provides a bridge from fundamentalmicrophysical laws to macroscopic complexity and observations. Actinglike a theoretical microscope with variable resolution, it includes ina stepwise procedure the fluctuation effects which are responsible forthe emergence of complexity. It describes macroscopic phenomena that are notdirectly visible on the microscopic level as order, phase transitions andspontaneous symmetry breaking , and is flexible enough to accommodate thechange o",{"id":713,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":714,"piName":10,"institution":715,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":716,"abstract":717},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291242","Hyperfine structure of antihydrogen","OESTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN","€2,599,900","Antihydrogen is the simplest atom consisting entirely of antimatter. Since its counterpart hydrogen is one of the best studied atoms in physics, a comparison of antihydrogen and hydrogen offers one of the most sensitive tests of CPT symmetry. CPT, the successive application of charge conjugation, parity and time reversal transformation is a fundamental symmetry conserved in the standard model (SM) of particle physics as a consequence of a mathematical theorem. These conditions for this theorem t",{"id":719,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":720,"piName":10,"institution":721,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":722,"abstract":723},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291592","ProofCert: Broad Spectrum Proof Certificates","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","€2,201,589","There is little hope that the world will know secure software if wecannot make greater strides in the practice of formal methods:hardware and software devices with errors are routinely turned againsttheir users.  The ProofCert proposal aims at building a foundationthat will allow a broad spectrum of formal methods---ranging fromautomatic model checkers to interactive theorem provers---to worktogether to establish formal properties of computer systems.  Thisproject starts with a wonderful gift to",{"id":725,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":726,"piName":10,"institution":721,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":727,"abstract":728},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291080","Biophysical Modeling and Analysis of Dynamic Medical Images","€2,498,327","During the past decades, exceptional progress was made with  in vivo medical  imaging technologies  to capture the anatomical,  structural and physiological properties of tissues and organs in a patient,  with an ever increasing spatial and temporal resolution.The physician is now faced with a formidable overflow of information, especially when a  time dimension is added to the already hard to integrate 3-D spatial, multimodal and multiscale dimensions of modern medical images. This increasingly",{"id":730,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":731,"piName":10,"institution":732,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":733},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291184","EXPloring REsponsive Shapes for Seamless desIgn of Virtual Environments be retained","INSTITUT POLYTECHNIQUE DE GRENOBLE","Despite our great expressive skills, we humans lack an easy way of communicating the 3D shapes we imagine, and even more so when it comes to dynamic shapes. Over centuries humans used drawing and sculpture to convey shapes. These tools require significant expertise and time investment, especially if one aims to describe complex or dynamic shapes. With the advent of virtual environments one would expect digital modeling to replace these traditional tools. Unfortunately, conventional techniques in",{"id":735,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":736,"piName":10,"institution":737,"country":244,"year":13,"amount":738,"abstract":739},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291364","Biomimetics for Functions and Responses","AALTO KORKEAKOULUSAATIO SR","€2,296,320","Energy efficiency and sustainability encourage to develop lightweight materials with excellent mechanical properties, combining also additional functionalities and responses. Therein nature allows inspiration, as e.g. pearl of nacre and silk show extraordinary mechanical properties due to their aligned self-assemblies. However, biological complexity poses great challenges and in biomimetics selected features are mimicked using simpler concepts. Previously artificial nacre has been mimicked by mu",{"id":741,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":742,"piName":10,"institution":743,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":744,"abstract":745},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291227","Star Formation and the Galactic Ecology","THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS","€2,210,523","We will construct the first self-consistent models of star formation that follow the galactic scale flowswhere molecular clouds form yet still resolve the star formation and feedback events down to sub-parsec scales.By following the full galactic ecology, the life cycle of gas from the interstellar medium into stars and their radiative and kinematic output back intothe galaxy, we will develop a comprehensive theory of star formation. The link between the large-scale dynamics of the galaxy and th",{"id":747,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":748,"piName":10,"institution":749,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":750},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290901","Neural coding, specification, design and test of message passing neural machines","INSTITUT MINES-TELECOM","The way information is represented, stored, recalled and processed in the neocortex is assuredly one of the most puzzling enigmas that science will have to solve during this century. Setting the basic principles of the Mental Information Theory is a high challenge potentially opening huge fields of research and progress in various domains.This research project is at the crossroads of neuroscience, computational intelligence and information theory, with a particular emphasis on the properties of ",{"id":752,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":753,"piName":10,"institution":754,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":755},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291543","Understanding ion transport in nanoporous carbons; application to energy storage and sustainable development","UNIVERSITE PAUL SABATIER TOULOUSE III","Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors Electrochemical Capacitors (EDLC) are promising devices for clean energy storage applications. In EDLCs, the charges are stored electrostatically at the electrolyte \u002F electrode interface, which confers them high power and cycling capabilities. Until recently, it was believed that charge storage in porous carbon EDLC electrodes could be achieved only if the pore size of the carbon was larger than the electrolyte ions with their solvation shells. Using Carbi",{"id":757,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":758,"piName":10,"institution":759,"country":150,"year":13,"amount":760,"abstract":761},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291260","Smart Gates for the Green Transistor","NATIONAL CENTER FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH DEMOKRITOS\"","€1,221,611","Ultra-low voltage\u002Fpower operation is expected to be an important requirement for future nanoelectronics allowing more dense and fast circuits on one hand and enabling the operation of energy efficient intelligent autonomous systems on the other. In present day devices quite a lot of power is consumed during switching since it requires a minimum bias of 60 mV on the gate to overcome a potential barrier and increase the transistor current by a decade, a process which is fundamentally limited by th",{"id":763,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":764,"piName":10,"institution":765,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":766,"abstract":767},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290966","Chemical and photochemical dynamics of reactions in solution","UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL","€2,666,684","Ultrafast laser methods will be employed to examine the dynamics of chemical and photochemical reactions in liquid solutions.  By contrasting the solution phase dynamics with those observed for isolated collisions in the gas phase, the fundamental role of solvent on chemical pathways will be explored at a molecular level.  The experimental studies will be complemented by computational simulations that explicitly include treatment of the effects of solvent on reaction energy pathways and reactant",{"id":769,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":770,"piName":10,"institution":765,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":771,"abstract":772},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291574","Nonlocality in space and time","€1,664,126","Quantum mechanics is our most successful theory of nature. Yet more than eight decades after its inception there is a general agreement that a deep and intuitive understanding of it is still missing; we know how to compute quantum effects but we clearly do not have the full story. Even to this day, surprising and even paradoxical quantum effects continue to be frequently discovered. They are paradoxical only because our understanding of quantum behaviour is not yet good enough to have anticipate",{"id":774,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":775,"piName":10,"institution":765,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":776,"abstract":777},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295449","Darwinism and the Theory of Rational Choice","€960,928","The aim of the research project is to explore the relationship between Darwinian evolution and the theory of rational choice, from an overarching philosophical perspective. There exist deep and interesting links, both conceptual and formal, between evolutionary theory and rational choice theory. These arise because a notion of optimization, or maximization, is central to both bodies of theory. Evolutionary biologists typically assume that because of natural selection, animals will behave as if t",{"id":779,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":780,"piName":10,"institution":547,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":781,"abstract":782},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294342","Assembling biomembranes: fundamentals of membrane transporter folding and creation of synthetic modules","€2,312,389","Self-assembly is a hallmark of Biology. We are far from a complete understanding of this natural assembly, which in turn limits our ability to mimic biological construction in the bioengineering of tuneable synthetic systems.This proposal addresses the major challenge of membrane protein folding. Here, I intend to make a step change to my pioneering biophysical studies and investigate co-translational membrane protein folding. A central feature will be the creation of synthetic systems to probe ",{"id":784,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":785,"piName":10,"institution":765,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":786,"abstract":787},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291147","Homogeneous Flows and their Application in Kinetic Theory","€1,339,620","Since the pioneering work of Maxwell and Boltzmann in the 1860s and 1870s, a major challenge in mathematical physics has been the derivation of macroscopic evolution equations from the fundamental microscopic laws of classical or quantum mechanics. The key idea of the present proposal is to introduce a renormalization technique that will provide a new route to attack some of the most important questions in the kinetic theory of gases. This technique uses the ergodic theory of flows on homogeneou",{"id":789,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":790,"piName":10,"institution":791,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":792,"abstract":793},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291497","Local Structure of Sets, Measures and Currents","UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK","€2,068,147","The objective of this research proposal is to develop new methods to answer a number of fundamental questions generated by the recent development of modern analysis. The questions we are interested in are specifically related to the study of local structure of sets and functions in the classical Euclidean setting, in infinite dimensional Banach spaces and in the modern setting of analysis on metric spaces. The main areas of study will be:(a) Structure of null sets and representation of (singular",{"id":795,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":796,"piName":10,"institution":791,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":797,"abstract":798},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295917","Cognitive and Social Foundations of Rationality","€2,028,168","RATIONALITY focuses on perhaps the key fault-line in the social and cognitive sciences. Many theorists, in philosophy, economics, artificial intelligence and cognitive science explain mind, behaviour, and their consequences for social phenomena, by rational explanation. Others, in judgment and decision making, social psychology, behavioural economics and the neurosciences, argue that people systematically violate rational principles, typically focusing on the influence of mechanistic, not ration",{"id":800,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":801,"piName":10,"institution":802,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":803},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294790","Parasponia to Crack Evolution of Rhizobium Symbiosis","WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY","Mutualism is wide spread in nature and significantly impacts ecosystems. However, the principles governing its evolution have proved elusive. The rhizobium-legume symbiosis is one of the most sophisticated mutualistic interactions, as it results in the formation of a novel organ, the root nodule, where rhizobium is hosted intracellularly as nitrogen fixing ‘organelles’. These are named symbiosomes and produce ammonia from air.The rhizobium legume symbiosis evolved shortly after the rise of the l",{"id":805,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":806,"piName":10,"institution":807,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":808,"abstract":809},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291458","Model-based optimizing control - from a vision to industrial reality","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT DORTMUND","€3,491,632","This proposal focuses on the operation of processing units in chemical and biochemical production plants. A new approach, demonstrated recently in the lab and pilot scales as being feasible, is to perform a dynamic online optimization of the plant operating parameters in order to achieve an economically optimal operation while meeting constraints on emissions, product quality and operating limits of the equipment. Traditionally, meeting the specifications on product purity and quality, yield etc",{"id":811,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":812,"piName":10,"institution":813,"country":496,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":814},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291235","Novel combustion principle with inherent capture of CO2 using combined manganese oxides that release oxygen","CHALMERS TEKNISKA HOGSKOLA AB","Conventional CO2 capture processes have significant cost and energy penalties associated with gas separation. Chemical-looping combustion (CLC), an entirely new combustion principle avoids this difficulty by inherent CO2 capture, using metal oxides for oxygen transfer from air to fuel. The process has been demonstrated in small scale with gaseous fuels. However, with solid fuels it would be difficult to reach high fuel conversion, with the oxygen-carrier materials used so far. But a new type of ",{"id":816,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":817,"piName":10,"institution":813,"country":496,"year":13,"amount":818,"abstract":819},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291618","Phase-sensitive optical parametric amplifiers","€2,499,264","Optical amplifiers are essential in optical communication systems as they compensate loss induced by the transmission fiber ensuring signal integrity of the information being transmitted, as well as in other applications such as spectroscopy.This research proposal deals with phase-sensitive optical parametric amplifiers (PSA) that have unique and superior properties compared with all other optical amplifiers, most notably the potential of noiseless amplification, very broad optical bandwidth, an",{"id":821,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":822,"piName":10,"institution":823,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":824,"abstract":825},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295709","Finance and Labor","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI FEDERICO II","€1,873,800","How does financial market development affect employment, wages and unemployment risk? And how do labor market institutions and workers’ behavior in turn affect corporate policies?These issues are much under-researched, in spite of their prominence in public debate, often ideologically polarized between those who consider finance as socially harmful and those who view it as an efficient allocation machine. Most economic research indicates that financial development raises output growth, but is si",{"id":827,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":828,"piName":10,"institution":829,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":830,"abstract":831},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291166","A Theory of Soft Synergies for a New Generation of Artificial Hands","FONDAZIONE ISTITUTO ITALIANO DI TECNOLOGIA","€2,279,600","Although many advances have been made in the mechatronics andcomputational hardware of artificial hands, the state of the artappears to be only marginally closer to a satisfactory functionalapproximation of the human hand than it was twenty years ago. Inmy analysis, the main reasons for this are not merely techni-cal,but invest some fundamental issues in the understanding of theorganization and control of hands, and ultimately the lack of atheory to guide us in the search for a principled approa",{"id":833,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":834,"piName":10,"institution":835,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":836,"abstract":837},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290586","A modular micro nuclear magnetic resonance in vivo platform for the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans","KARLSRUHER INSTITUT FUER TECHNOLOGIE","€3,396,960","Using state-of-the-art microsystems simulation, design and micro-engineering, the NMCEL project will result in a highly integrated and modular and low cost platform that is a high throughput micro-fluidic lab-on-a-chip and a sophisticated nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) detector in one package, suitable for use in a wide-bore commercial NMR magnet. This unique platform targets the controlled in vivo NMR spectroscopy and imaging of the model organism C. elegans, for this purpose the high through",{"id":839,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":840,"piName":10,"institution":841,"country":422,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":842},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295735","Information-processing by individual political actors. The determinants of exposure, attention and action in a comparative perspective","UNIVERSITEIT ANTWERPEN","A well-functioning democracy implies that political actors are aware of the real problems in society, their potential solutions, and the associated preferences of citizens. This requires information about the real world. This project examines how individual political actors process information coming out of society. Its goal is to lay bare the patterns whereby exposure to certain types of information regarding problems lead to specific forms of attention to that information triggering particular",{"id":844,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":845,"piName":10,"institution":846,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":847,"abstract":848},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291222","Ultra-luminous supernovae : understanding their nature and cosmic evolution","THE QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY OF BELFAST","€2,315,044","Until the last few years, all of the exploding stars in the Universe were thought to be of two types : core-collapse of a massive star or thermonuclear explosion of a white dwarf. The advent of wide-field synoptic sky surveys has opened up a new parameter space which allows very large volumes of the Universe to be searched for explosive stars. A new class of ultra-luminous supernovae have been discovered that challenge our physical understanding. These optical transients are typically 20-100 tim",{"id":850,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":851,"piName":10,"institution":852,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":217,"abstract":853},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294666","DNA methylation, hydroxymethylation and cancer","KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET","DNA methylation patterns are frequently perturbed in human diseases such as imprinting disorders and cancer. In cancer increased aberrant DNA methylation is believed to work as a silencing mechanism for tumor suppressor genes such as INK4A, RB1 and MLH1. The high frequency of abnormal DNA methylation found in cancer might be due to the inactivation of a proofreading and\u002For fidelity system regulating the correct patterns of DNA methylation. Currently we have very limited knowledge about such mech",{"id":855,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":856,"piName":10,"institution":857,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":858,"abstract":859},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295835","Designing Institutions to Evaluate Ideas","UNIVERSITA COMMERCIALE LUIGI BOCCONI","€1,142,200","Not all new ideas are equally valuable from a social perspective. As the readers of this document know all too well, “picking the winners” is challenging because innovations have highly uncertain outcomes.The aim of this research project is to develop a general theoretical framework to investigate the design of institutions and mechanisms for evaluating new ideas and innovations. The proposed framework examine how these institutions function, draw parallels between them and suggest changes to en",{"id":861,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":862,"piName":10,"institution":852,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":863},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291092","Exploring  the Quantum Universe","One of the main unsolved problems in theoretical  physics today is to reconcile the theories of  general relativity and quantum mechanics. The starting point of this proposal is a new background-independent theory of quantum gravity, which has been constructed from first principles as a sum over space-time histories and has already passed its  first non-trivial tests. The theory can be investigated analytically as well as by Monte Carlo simulations. The aim is to verify that it is a viable theor",{"id":865,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":866,"piName":10,"institution":852,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":28,"abstract":867},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291038","Quantum Optical Interfaces for Atoms and Nano-electro-mechanical Systems","Quantum interfaces capable of transferring quantum states and generating entanglement between fields and matter are set to play a growing role in the development of science and technology. Development of such interfaces has been a crucial component in quantum information processing and communication. In the past decade quantum interfaces between atoms and optical photons have been extensively explored by a number of leading groups. Quantum state transfer between light and atoms, such as quantum ",{"id":869,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":870,"piName":10,"institution":852,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":871,"abstract":872},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294517","Bacterial Persistence","€2,455,110","Almost all bacterial species generate persisters, individual cells that are tolerant to antibiotics. Persisters have entered a dormant or slow growing state in which they are recalcitrant to the killing activity of most known antibiotics. The molecular mechanisms underlying bacterial persistence are unknown and there is a pressing need to develop new methods and approaches to study the phenomenon. We discovered recently that RNA endonucleases (RNases) encoded by toxin - antitoxin (TA) genes are ",{"id":874,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":875,"piName":10,"institution":876,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":877,"abstract":878},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294397","Morphodynamics in Plants: from gene to shape","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE POUR L'AGRICULTURE, L'ALIMENTATION ET L'ENVIRONNEMENT","€2,368,004","Morphodynamics is aimed at understanding how shape in plants is controlled during development, a major issue in developmental biology.. So far, research in the field has been mainly based on qualitative observations of mutants, with little considerations for the physics of the cells and tissues leaving many questions unanswered or unexplored. Here, using recent technological advances, to which the applicant has largely contributed, we propose an interdisciplinary and quantitative analysis of mol",{"id":880,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":881,"piName":10,"institution":467,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":882,"abstract":883},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294440","Using novel methodologies to target and image cancer invasion and therapeutic resistance","€2,499,000","We aim to develop and apply a suite of new technologies in a novel cancer discovery platform that will link high-definition cancer biology, via state-of-the-art disease imaging and pathway modelling, with development of novel interrogative and therapeutic interventions to test in models of cancer that closely resemble human disease. The work will lead to a new understanding of cancer invasion, how to treat advanced disease in the metastatic niche, how to monitor therapeutic responses and the com",{"id":885,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":886,"piName":10,"institution":467,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":887,"abstract":888},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291733","Evaluation Practices in Financial Markets","€2,175,252","EPIFM will be a social-science (rather than, as conventionally, an economic) investigation, by a team bridging science and technology studies (STS), sociology and politics, of how professional participants in financial markets evaluate financial instruments such as shares and bonds.  These evaluation practices are crucial to the operation of financial markets (they help determine the activities to which investment capital does and does not flow, and for example played a key role in the genesis o",{"id":890,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":891,"piName":10,"institution":467,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":892},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295845","Investigating Networks of Zoonosis Innovation","INZI aims to analyse the complex interplay of actors, policies and projects that have shaped research into and control of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) until the present day. Research has mainly been steered from outside of Africa, firstly by colonial authorities and latterly by an array of agencies, foundations and international organisations. Despite this, investment in research and control measures has declined and fragmented across Africa. This project seeks to examine, in proper histo",{"id":894,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":895,"piName":10,"institution":896,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":897,"abstract":898},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291401","Discrete Quantum Simulator","RHEINISCHE FRIEDRICH-WILHELMS-UNIVERSITAT BONN","€2,575,573","We propose to build a two-dimensional (2D) discrete quantum simulator based on ensembles of ultracold neutral atoms. In this system all degrees of freedom will be controlled at the quantum limit: the number and positions of the atoms, as well as their internal (qubit) and vibrational states. The dynamics is implemented by discrete steps of spin-dependent transport combined with controlled cold collisions of the atoms.Although numerous theoretical studies have considered this architecture as the ",{"id":900,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":901,"piName":10,"institution":902,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":903,"abstract":904},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294777","Mitochondrial calcium signalling: molecules, roles and pharmacological targeting","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA","€2,432,400","Mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis is an important component of the calcium-mediated cellular response to extracellular stimuli. It controls key organelle functions, such as aerobic metabolism and the induction of apoptotic cell death, and shapes the spatio-temporal pattern of the cytosolic [Ca2+] increase. While its physiological and pathological relevance is now fully appreciated, lack of molecular insight has severely limited mechanistic understanding and pharmacological targeting. We have now id",{"id":906,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":907,"piName":10,"institution":391,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":908,"abstract":909},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291329","Testing the Dark Energy Paradigm and Measuring Neutrino Mass with the Dark Energy Survey","€2,416,388","One of the greatest mysteries in the whole of science is that 75% of the Universe appears to be made of an enigmatic ‘Dark Energy’. A further 21% of the Universe is made from invisible ‘Cold Dark Matter’ that can only be detected through its gravitational effects, with the ordinary atomic matter making up only 4% of the total cosmic budget. These discoveries require a shift in our perception. I play leadership roles in several large surveys, in particular the $40M international Dark Energy Surve",{"id":911,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":912,"piName":10,"institution":913,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":914,"abstract":915},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291332","Cosmic Dust in the Terrestrial Atmosphere","UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS","€2,484,369","This project addresses a fundamental problem – the size of the cosmic dust input to the earth’s atmosphere. Zodiacal cloud observations and spaceborne dust detection indicate a daily input of 100 – 300 tonnes, in agreement with the accumulation rates of cosmic elements (e.g. Ir, Pt) in polar ice cores and deep-sea sediments. In contrast, measurements in the middle atmosphere – by radar, lidar, high-flying aircraft and satellite remote sensing – indicate that the input is only 5 - 50 tonnes. The ",{"id":917,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":918,"piName":10,"institution":919,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":920,"abstract":921},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291152","Deciphering River Flood Change","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN","€2,263,565","Many major and devastating floods have occurred around the world recently. Their number and magnitude seems to have increased but such changes are not clear. More surprisingly, the exact causes of changes remain a mystery. Although, drivers such as climate and land use change are known to play a critical role, their complex interactions in flood generation have not been disentangled.The main objectives of this project are to understand how changes in land use and climate translate into changes i",{"id":923,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":924,"piName":10,"institution":919,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":925,"abstract":926},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291414","Microscopic Processes and Phenomena at Oxide Surfaces and Interfaces","€2,496,100","Metal oxide surfaces and interfaces play a key role in energy-related applications and in novel schemes for electronic devices that exploit the special physical and chemical properties of these promising materials.For progress in both areas, a detailed, mechanistic understanding of the atomic and molecular processes that occur at oxide surfaces and interfaces is critical.  Experiments on well-characterized model systems in conjunction with computational modelling can provide such insights, but c",{"id":928,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":929,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":931,"abstract":932},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291280","Non-Classical Main Group Chemistry; Supramolecular Chemistry and Catalysis","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€1,485,429","The classical view of the periodic table suggests, in particular, that there are distinct boundaries between the chemistries of s-block, p-block and d-block elements stemming from the availability and type of valence orbitals present and fundamental properties such as electronegativity. Yet this long-excepted, text-book view can provide a barrier to progress in a number of key chemical areas because it prevents us thinking about the true picture, that there is more commonly a continuum of struct",{"id":934,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":935,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":936},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295907","IN AFRICA: THE ROLE OF EAST AFRICA IN THE EVOLUTION OF HUMAN DIVERSITY","Over 25 years, knowledge of modern human origins, evolution and diversity has increased dramatically. Genetics has been a major driver, promoting the ‘out of Africa model’, but, except for ancient DNA, it only tells the story of evolutionary survivors. African human population’ distributions mean that the history reconstructed from genetic data is partial and comparatively shallow. Although patchy, archaeological research in South and North Africa reveals the complexity of early human prehistory",{"id":938,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":939,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":940,"abstract":941},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295463","The Bible and Antiquity in the 19th-Century","€2,497,046","This project will investigate the interface between the study of the bible and the study of antiquity in the nineteenth century. These two areas -- the bible and classics -- are central to the intellectual world  of  the 19th century, a source of knowledge, contention, and authority both as discrete topics, and, more importantly, in relation to and in competition with one another. It is impossible to understand Victorian society without appreciating the intellectual, social and institutional for",{"id":943,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":944,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":945},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291442","Triplet supercurrents and superconducting spintronics","In almost all superconductors the pairs of electrons which carry the charge are in the so-called “singlet” state in which the quantum spin of the two electrons is antiparallel. There are only a few known compounds which show so-called p-wave superconductivity in which the electron spins within a pair are parallel and hence in a “triplet” state.During the past five years there has been increasing evidence that proximity coupling between singlet superconductors and ferromagnets can sometimes gener",{"id":947,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":948,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":949,"abstract":950},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293549","Neuronal processing of risky rewards","€2,466,916","Background: Rewards are important positive factors for our survival, reproduction and quality of life. They produce learning, constitute goals of voluntary behaviour and are outcomes of behavioural choices. However, in most natural situations rewards are probabilistic and uncertain. Thus investigations into the neurobiological foundations of motivated behaviour should address reward uncertainty. We aim to answer the most basic and important question on reward uncertainty, namely how does the bra",{"id":952,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":953,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":954,"abstract":955},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291522","3D Imaging Across Lengthscales: From Atoms to Grains","€2,337,330","Understanding structure-property relationships across lengthscales is key to the design of functional and structural materials and devices. Moreover, the complexity of modern devices extends to three dimensions and as such 3D characterization is required across those lengthscales to provide a complete understanding and enable improvement in the material’s physical and chemical behaviour. 3D imaging and analysis from the atomic scale through to granular microstructure is proposed through the deve",{"id":957,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":958,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":959,"abstract":960},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294502","Perineuronal net treatments for neurodegenerative disease","€2,450,543","Inhibitory chondroitin sulphate proteoglycans (CSPGs) have several roles in CNS damage and repair, revealed by their digestion with chondroitinase. Most recently, digestion of CSPGs in the limbic system and cortex has led to a very substantial enhancement of memory.The effects of CSPGs on plasticity and memory are largely through their concentration into PNNs, because transgenics lacking the PNN component link protein in the CNS have very attenuated PNNs, and show continuing plasticity into adul",{"id":962,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":963,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":964,"abstract":965},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294514","Environmental Control of Development","€2,483,870","Plant development is highly plastic, with major variations in form determined by the environment. An excellent example is shoot branching, where the body plan of the shoot system conferred by one genotype can range from a single unbranched stem, to a highly ramified bush, depending on the growth conditions. In recent years we have investigated the hormonal network that allows environmentally sensitive changes in shoot branching in Arabidopsis. Through the analysis of a set of monogenic mutants w",{"id":967,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":968,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":969},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294494","The evolution and development of cooperation in mammalian societies","The aim of this project is to understand the distribution and evolution of cooperative behaviour and social organisation in mammals.  One component of the project will focus on interspecific differences and will use a recently developed, gene-based phylogeny to reconstruct the evolution of social organisation and cooperative behaviour while a second will use detailed studies of two mammals where cooperation is highly developed (Kalahari meerkats and Damaraland mole-rats) to investigate the cause",{"id":971,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":972,"piName":10,"institution":930,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":973},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294851","Switchable in vivo genetic models to identify cancer drug targets","The use of classical, germ-line genetics to define gene function in vertebrates is severely limited by embryonic lethality, developmental compensation and adaptive functional degeneracy, all of which obscure the roles played by genes in adult tissues that would normally have developed in the presence of that gene. Consequently, classical germ line knock-out technologies provide only limited information as to the roles of genes in adult tissues and their pathologies. Nowhere is this limitation mo",{"id":975,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":976,"piName":10,"institution":977,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":978},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294609","Epigenetics and microRNAs in Myocardial Function and Disease","HUMANITAS MIRASOLE SPA","Heart failure (HF) is the ultimate outcome of many cardiovascular diseases. Re-expression of fetal genes in the adult heart contributes to development of HF. Two mechanisms involved in the control of gene expression are epigenetics and microRNAs (miRs). We propose a project on epigenetic and miR-mediated mechanisms leading to HF.Epigenetics refers to heritable modification of DNA and histones that does not modify the genetic code.  Depending on the type of modification and on the site affected, ",{"id":980,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":981,"piName":10,"institution":982,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":983,"abstract":984},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291216","Wideband Integrated Photonics For Accessible Biomedical Diagnostics","UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON","€3,062,006","Photonic technologies are set to revolutionise our access to chemical and biochemical information, driven by demand for fast, low-cost, automated chemical analysis in applications from food safety, water quality, security, personal and preventative medicine, pharmacogenetics to point-of-care diagnostics. The low cost and robustness of microfabrication approaches which enabled the mobile phone and digital camera are expected to lead to similarly widespread deployment of chemical and bioanalytical",{"id":986,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":987,"piName":10,"institution":982,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":988,"abstract":989},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291044","Hyperpolarized Singlet NMR","€2,877,583","Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is the most widely used spectroscopic tool in the physical sciences. Techniques are now available that provide experimental access to hyperpolarized molecules, in which NMR signals are enhanced by up to 5 orders of magnitude, with potentially revolutionary implications. However, the lifetime of the hyperpolarized state is usually limited by the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation time, called T1, and which is typically in the range of a few seconds to about 1 minute.",{"id":991,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":992,"piName":10,"institution":993,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":994,"abstract":995},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291590","Theory of Two-Dimensional Materials: Graphene and Beyond","UNIVERSITY OF LANCASTER","€430,271","This projects aims to explore physics of the new class of materials: atomically thin films of layered crystals. Graphene, because of its extraordinary electronic properties, will be a major focus of this project. In view of application of graphene in electronics, we shall model electronic transport and dynamical properties of devices based upon epitaxial graphene (monolayer and bilayer), graphene deposited on atomically flat substrates, and chemically modified graphene. In the family of graphene",{"id":997,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":998,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":497,"abstract":999},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291630","Picosecond Infrared Laser for Scarfree Surgerywith Preservation of the Tissue Structure and Recognition of Tissue Type and Boundaries","The proposed research is based on a recent breakthrough in directly observing atomic motions during structural changes and in studying energy redistribution channels in liquid water on the femtosecond time scale. These studies provided the key insights that drove the development of a new laser concept for direct-drive laser ablation. By judicious choice of laser pulse parameters, it is now possible to selectively excite water molecules to act as a propellant to drive molecules into the gas phase",{"id":1001,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1002,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":1003,"abstract":1004},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294371","RNA poly(A) tail: the beginning of the end","€2,499,344","The degradation of mature mRNAs has emerged as a key step in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Modulation of the half-life of mRNAs via their degradation is a powerful and versatile mechanism to swiftly alter the expression of proteins in response to changes in physiological conditions. The decay of mRNAs is performed by a set of macromolecular complexes that act in a sequential and coordinated manner, progressively eroding the ends of the transcript until its degradation is complete",{"id":1006,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1007,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":1008},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293926","Ecological performance of arrhythmic plants in nature","Timing is everything in ecology, and because plants provide the foundation for most land-based food webs, the timing of their activities profoundly orchestrates the majority of ecological interactions. Most photosynthetic and growth processes are under circadian control, but many additional processes--approximately 30-40% of all genes—are under circadian control, and yet the Darwinian fitness impact of being “in synch” with the environment has not been systematically studied for any organism.We ",{"id":1010,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1011,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":1012},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294376","Dynamics of local transcriptomes and proteomes in neurons","The ability of the nervous system to respond adaptively relies on modifications to existing proteins as well as changes in gene transcription and protein translation. An individual neuron in the brain possesses approximately 10.000 synapses, many of which are hundreds of microns away from the cell body. As many of the changes to environmental stimuli occur at synapses, the question arises as to how the modified synapses gain access to the new mRNAs and proteins. It is now clear that synapses pos",{"id":1014,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1015,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":1016,"abstract":1017},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291472","Inverse Design on an Atomic scale: Multifunctional Heusler compounds!","€2,360,240","Heusler compounds are a remarkable material, a vast collection of more than 1000 members with a large number of functionalities. The prototype Cu2MnAl is a ferromagnetic compound, even though none of its elemental constituents are magnetic. This is typical for this material class; the properties of many of the Heuslers can be forecast simply by counting the number of their valence electrons. Most of the Heusler compounds with 8, 18 or 24 valence electrons are semiconductors. The band gap can be ",{"id":1019,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1020,"piName":10,"institution":1021,"country":422,"year":13,"amount":1022,"abstract":1023},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290793","Multiscale Analysis and Design for Process Intensification and Innovation","UNIVERSITEIT GENT","€2,494,700","The current pressures on the major industrial players have necessitated a more urgent push for increased productivity, process efficiency, and waste reduction; i.e. process intensification.  Future sizable improvements in these entrenched industrial processes will require either completely novel production technologies, fundamental analysis\u002Fmodeling methods, or a combination of both.  This proposal aims to approach this challenge by using multiscale modeling and experimentation on three fronts: ",{"id":1025,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1026,"piName":10,"institution":1027,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":1028,"abstract":1029},"cordis-european-research-council-award-290876","Ultrafast Quantum Physics in Amplitude and Phase","UNIVERSITAT KONSTANZ","€2,490,000","Ultrafast phenomena related to and\u002For accessible only via the absolute temporal phase of electronic, vibrational and spin coherent excitations in condensed matter are studied via electromagnetic transients in the multi-terahertz regime. The project also includes innovative aspects of quantum optics, femtosecond lasers and terahertz technology. Four central objectives are as follows:(i) Establishing rapid quantum oscillatory motion as the earliest regime in the dynamics and transport of electrons",{"id":1031,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1032,"piName":10,"institution":1027,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":1033,"abstract":1034},"cordis-european-research-council-award-293700","Comparative genomics of parallel evolution in repeated adaptive radiations","€2,338,000","Darwin suggested that natural selection not only leads to adaptation but also promotes the origin of species. Ecological speciation acts through divergent natural selection and one of the most informative circumstances in which one can investigate how adaptive traits and how species evolve – and what the genetic basis of species differences and adaptations are - are repeated adaptive radiations that are based on parallel adaptations that evolved more than once. In only a few species has the gene",{"id":1036,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1037,"piName":10,"institution":259,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":497,"abstract":1038},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294775","Cracking the Cerebellar Code","Spike trains transfer information to and from neurons. Most studies so far assume that the average firing rate or “rate coding” is the predominant way of information coding. However, spikes occur at millisecond precision, and their actual timing or “temporal coding” can in principle strongly increase the information content of spike trains. The two coding mechanisms are not mutually exclusive. Neurons may switch between rate and temporal coding, or use a combination of both coding mechanisms at ",{"id":1040,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1041,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":1042,"abstract":1043},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291068","Numerical Computation with Functions Instead of Numbers","€1,668,157","Numerical analysis, scientific computing, and computational science are built on technologies of discretization such as splines, finite differences, and finite elements.  Yet for most applications it is ultimately continuous functions that are of scientific interest, and the discretizations are a means to the end of working with them.  This project will advance mathematics and algorithms to enable scientists and engineers to compute with functions rather than their discretizations.  Such computa",{"id":1045,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1046,"piName":10,"institution":1047,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":1048,"abstract":1049},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295918","The Linguistic Past of Mesoamerica and the Andes: A search for early migratory relations between North and South America","UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN","€2,600,612","The aim of the project is to unravel the genetic and contact relations between the indigenous languages of Mesoamerica (Mexico and western Central America) and the Middle Andes region (Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia), as part of a larger endeavour to understand the historical process of the peopling of the Americas as a whole. The deep genetic links between the two regions will be investigated by systematically comparing pairs of languages and language phyla between which no genetic or contact relation ",{"id":1051,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1052,"piName":10,"institution":913,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":1053},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291585","Tropical forests in the changing earth system","The ambition of this proposal is to determine, from the ground up, the changing role of tropical forests in the global carbon cycle. The scientific objectives are: (1) Determine the trajectory of change in remaining tropical forests, (2) Unravel the drivers of change, (3) Gauge the sensitivity of forests to the climate change threat, and (4) Scale the findings to the present and future earth system.The 5-yr interdisciplinary research project led by Oliver Phillips will construct a Pan-Tropical O",{"id":1055,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1056,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":1057,"abstract":1058},"cordis-european-research-council-award-294401","The mechanism by which cohesin controls gene expression","€2,421,212","How cells retain, lose, and regain developmental plasticity is poorly understood due to ignorance of the molecular mechanisms regulating gene expression. Each gene is regulated by a unique set of factors and as a consequence the trans-acting factors and cis-acting chromatin modification states regulating a given gene are extremely rare. Transcription is affected by events taking place many thousands of base pairs away from the start, a property enabling developmental and evolutionary plasticity,",{"id":1060,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1061,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":1062,"abstract":1063},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291406","Towards the Prototype Probabilistic Earth-System Model for Climate Prediction","€2,137,014","A programme of research is described which will revolutionise the mathematical formulation of comprehensive Earth-System models, potentially leading to a step-change improvement in the reliability of our predictions of climate change, both globally and regionally. This programme of research is intended to make climate simulations more consistent both with the multi-scale nature of climate, and with related scaling symmetries of the partial differential equations which govern climate. This will b",{"id":1065,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1066,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":1067,"abstract":1068},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295669","SUPERSTAR FIRMS IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY","€1,254,875","The study of international trade has made huge advances in recent decades by moving away from a perfectly competitive view of the world, and allowing for increasing returns and product diversity. However, in this effort it has borrowed very selectively from the theory of industrial organization. Both the “new trade theory revolution” of Krugman and others, and the more recent development of models with firm heterogeneity by Melitz and others, have entrenched the position of monopolistic competit",{"id":1070,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1071,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":1072,"abstract":1073},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291244","Creating rigorous mathematical and computational tools that can summarise high dimensional data streams in terms of their effects","€1,814,301","The Calculus of differential equations has proved to be a very powerful tool for describing the interrelationships between systems. That understanding has transformed many aspects of our world. This success has now reached an important limitation. As the systems we seek to understand increase in dimension and complexity, oscillatory and complex order information becomes much more important, and on normal computational scales the systems of interest often fail to fit the smooth Newtonian paradigm",{"id":1075,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1076,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":1077,"abstract":1078},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291234","Microflow in Complex Environments","€1,583,887","We will study the way in which the hydrodynamics of simple, complex and active fluids is affected by their environment, in particular by patterned surfaces and by confinement. We shall concentrate on micron and nanometric length scales where surfaces are often key in controlling fluid behaviour. The work is driven by current rapid and exciting advances in fabricating micropatterned substrates and by new experimental techniques probing the flow properties of fluids at these scales. Our work will ",{"id":1080,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1081,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":1082,"abstract":1083},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295719","Climate Change and Hominin Evolution in the Arabian Desert: Life and Death at the Cross-roads of the Old World","€2,244,350","The evolutionary success of humans can be attributed to our ability to adapt to ever-changing environments. This reproductive and adaptive success is demonstrated by the 7 billion living humans, occupying nearly every corner of the globe. However, the expansion of humans is an evolutionarily recent development; fossil, genetic and archaeological evidence indicates that humans and our hominin ancestors frequently failed to adapt to climatic fluctuations, leading to demographic contractions and re",{"id":1085,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1086,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":1087,"abstract":1088},"cordis-european-research-council-award-291175","A large-area detector for precision time-of-flight measurements","€2,696,243","We propose to construct and prototype an innovative high-precision time-of-flight system suitable for large areas, up to tens of square metres. The TORCH (Time Of internally Reflected CHerenkov light) detector provides a time-of-flight measurement from the imaging of photons emitted in a 1 cm thick quartz radiator, based on the Cherenkov principle. The photons propagate by total internal reflection to the edge of the quartz plane and are then focused onto an array of Micro-Channel Plate (MCP) ph",200,{"programme":8,"total":1091,"withPiName":1092,"firstYear":1093,"lastYear":1094,"countryCount":1095,"perYear":1096,"topInstitutions":1153,"topCountries":1224},4756,450,2008,2027,46,[1097,1099,1102,1105,1108,1110,1113,1116,1119,1122,1124,1127,1130,1133,1136,1139,1142,1145,1148,1151],{"year":1093,"count":1098},47,{"year":1100,"count":1101},2009,232,{"year":1103,"count":1104},2010,248,{"year":1106,"count":1107},2011,276,{"year":13,"count":1109},293,{"year":1111,"count":1112},2013,344,{"year":1114,"count":1115},2014,359,{"year":1117,"count":1118},2015,138,{"year":1120,"count":1121},2016,299,{"year":1123,"count":1101},2017,{"year":1125,"count":1126},2018,376,{"year":1128,"count":1129},2019,241,{"year":1131,"count":1132},2020,137,{"year":1134,"count":1135},2021,228,{"year":1137,"count":1138},2022,322,{"year":1140,"count":1141},2023,252,{"year":1143,"count":1144},2024,243,{"year":1146,"count":1147},2025,222,{"year":1149,"count":1150},2026,264,{"year":1094,"count":1152},3,[1154,1157,1160,1163,1166,1169,1172,1175,1178,1181,1184,1187,1190,1193,1196,1199,1202,1205,1207,1210,1212,1214,1216,1219,1221],{"name":1155,"count":1156},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",206,{"name":1158,"count":1159},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",133,{"name":1161,"count":1162},"University of Oxford",128,{"name":1164,"count":1165},"University of Cambridge",124,{"name":1167,"count":1168},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",84,{"name":1170,"count":1171},"Weizmann Institute of Science",74,{"name":1173,"count":1174},"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne",72,{"name":1176,"count":1177},"University College London",69,{"name":1179,"count":1180},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",59,{"name":1182,"count":1183},"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem",57,{"name":1185,"count":1186},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",52,{"name":1188,"count":1189},"University of Bristol",49,{"name":1191,"count":1192},"University of Edinburgh",48,{"name":1194,"count":1195},"Kobenhavns Universitet",40,{"name":1197,"count":1198},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",39,{"name":1200,"count":1201},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",38,{"name":1203,"count":1204},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",35,{"name":1206,"count":1204},"Tel Aviv University",{"name":1208,"count":1209},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",33,{"name":1211,"count":1209},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":1213,"count":1209},"Universitat Wien",{"name":1215,"count":1209},"University of Manchester",{"name":1217,"count":1218},"Helsingin Yliopisto",32,{"name":1220,"count":1218},"Karolinska Institutet",{"name":1222,"count":1223},"Technische Universiteit Delft",30,[1225,1227,1229,1231,1233,1235,1237,1239,1241,1243,1245,1246,1248,1251,1253,1255,1257,1259,1261,1263,1266,1268,1271,1273,1276],{"name":56,"count":1226},802,{"name":169,"count":1228},778,{"name":20,"count":1230},581,{"name":45,"count":1232},390,{"name":98,"count":1234},310,{"name":27,"count":1236},302,{"name":541,"count":1238},269,{"name":131,"count":1240},202,{"name":496,"count":1242},183,{"name":12,"count":1244},153,{"name":422,"count":1244},{"name":34,"count":1247},107,{"name":1249,"count":1250},"GB",78,{"name":244,"count":1252},76,{"name":523,"count":1254},65,{"name":320,"count":1256},42,{"name":1258,"count":1195},"PT",{"name":73,"count":1260},25,{"name":150,"count":1262},24,{"name":1264,"count":1265},"US",20,{"name":359,"count":1267},18,{"name":1269,"count":1270},"CZ",15,{"name":1272,"count":1270},"SI",{"name":1274,"count":1275},"CN",9,{"name":1277,"count":1278},"EE",8]