[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-advanced-grant-2013":3,"awarded-stats-erc-advanced-grant":1088},{"awarded":4,"total":1087},[5,16,18,25,31,37,44,51,58,65,71,78,84,91,96,102,107,112,117,121,126,131,136,141,146,151,155,161,167,173,177,182,189,194,199,204,209,213,219,224,229,234,241,246,252,257,264,271,276,282,288,294,298,304,309,314,319,323,329,334,340,345,350,356,361,366,371,376,381,386,391,396,402,407,412,418,423,428,433,439,444,448,454,461,467,473,479,485,490,496,501,507,513,519,524,529,534,539,546,550,556,561,565,570,576,581,586,591,597,602,607,612,617,621,626,630,634,639,644,649,654,659,663,668,673,679,684,690,696,702,707,711,715,720,726,730,736,742,749,754,759,765,770,774,779,784,789,793,799,805,810,815,820,825,831,836,841,846,852,859,864,869,876,881,887,893,898,904,910,916,921,927,934,940,946,951,957,962,968,973,977,982,988,994,1000,1005,1010,1016,1022,1027,1032,1037,1043,1048,1053,1058,1063,1069,1075,1081],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-291198-stratus-","European Research Council","ERC Advanced Grant","Ultrafast Energy Transfer and Excited State Coupling in an Artificial Photosynthetic Antenna","Margherita Maiuri","Politecnico di Milano","IT",2013,null,"We have studied the energy transfer dynamics in an artificial light-harvesting dyad composed of a phthalocyanine (Pc) covalently linked to a carotenoid (Car). The combination of high temporal resolution transient absorption spectroscopy with global and target analysis allowed us to quantify the efficiency of the energy transfer from the S2 excited state of the Car to the Pc at 37%, close to values observed in some natural light-harvesting complexes. In addition, following selective excitation of",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-267333-photprot-",{"id":19,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":20,"piName":21,"institution":22,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":24},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2010-adg-20100407","Handwriting recognition in historical documents using very large vocabularies","Volkmar Frinken","Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona","ES","Language models are used in automatic transcription system to resolve ambiguities. This is done by limiting the vocabulary of words that can be recognized as well as estimating the n-gram probability of the words in the given text. In the context of historical documents, a non-unified spelling and the limited amount of written text pose a substantial problem for the selection of the recognizable vocabulary as well as the computation of the word probabilities. In this paper we propose for the tra",{"id":26,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":27,"piName":28,"institution":29,"country":30,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-immunodroso2009-adg-20090506","The Shigella OspC3 Effector Inhibits Caspase-4, Antagonizes Inflammatory Cell Death, and Promotes Epithelial Infection","Chihiro Sasakawa","Chiba University Hospital","JP",{"id":32,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":33,"piName":34,"institution":35,"country":30,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":36},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-294576","Establishing a Southern Swedish Malignant Melanoma OMICS and biobank clinical capability","György Marko‐Varga","Tokyo Medical University","BACKGROUND: The objectives and goals of the Southern Swedish Malignant Melanoma (SSMM) are to develop, build and utilize cutting edge biobanks and OMICS platforms to better understand disease pathology and drug mechanisms. The SSMM research team is a truly cross-functional group with members from oncology, surgery, bioinformatics, proteomics, and genomics initiatives. Within the research team there are members who daily diagnose patients with suspect melanomas, do follow-ups on malignant melanom",{"id":38,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":39,"piName":40,"institution":41,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":43},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg2011-290901-neucod","Storing Sparse Messages in Networks of Neural Cliques","Behrooz Kamary Aliabadi","Laboratoire des Sciences et Techniques de l’Information de la Communication et de la Connaissance","FR","An extension to a recently introduced binary neural network is proposed to allow the storage of sparse messages, in large numbers and with high memory efficiency. This new network is justified both in biological and informational terms. The storage and retrieval rules are detailed and illustrated by various simulation results.",{"id":45,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":46,"piName":47,"institution":48,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":50},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-advanced-grant-2008-r3s3","Techniques for efficient in-memory checkpointing","Dirk Vogt","Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","NL","Checkpointing is a pivotal technique in system research, with applications ranging from crash recovery to replay debugging. In this paper, we evaluate a number of in-memory checkpointing techniques and compare their properties. We also present a new compiler-based checkpointing scheme which improves state-of-the-art performance and memory guarantees in the general case. Our solution relies on a shadow state to efficiently store incremental in-memory checkpoints, at the cost of a smaller user-add",{"id":52,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":53,"piName":54,"institution":55,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":57},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2010-adg-proposal-no-267374","Design and performance characterization of electronic structure calculations on massively parallel supercomputers: a case study of GPAW on the Blue Gene\u002FP architecture","Nichols A. Romero","Argonne National Laboratory","US","SUMMARY Density function theory (DFT) is the most widely employed electronic structure method because of its favorable scaling with system size and accuracy for a broad range of molecular and condensed‐phase systems. The advent of massively parallel supercomputers has enhanced the scientific community's ability to study larger system sizes. Ground‐state DFT calculations on ∼ 10 3 valence electrons using traditional algorithms can be routinely performed on present‐day supercomputers. The performa",{"id":59,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":60,"piName":14,"institution":61,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":63,"abstract":64},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320493","Asymmetric Organodomino Catalysis","RHEINISCH-WESTFAELISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE AACHEN","DE","€2,435,600","Nature is able to carry out numerous parallel reactions transforming countless chemical compounds in a single cell. For the stereoselective synthesis of complex, biologically relevant molecules, such as pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, chemists both in academia and industry typically still use “stop and go” procedures with all its disadvantages, such as the isolation and purification of intermediates after each step causing a lot of waste and high costs.Since around the turn of the millennium,",{"id":66,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":67,"piName":14,"institution":68,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":69,"abstract":70},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324048","Asset Prices and Macro Policy when Agents Learn","FUNDACIÓ MARKETS, ORGANIZATIONS AND VOTES IN ECONOMICS","€1,970,260","A conventional assumption in dynamic models is that agents form their expectations in a very sophisticated manner. In particular, that they have Rational Expectations (RE). We develop some tools to relax this assumption while retaining fully optimal behaviour by agents. We study implications for asset pricing and macro policy.We assume that agents have a consistent set of beliefs that is close, but not equal, to RE. Agents are Internally Rational, that is, they behave rationally given their syst",{"id":72,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":73,"piName":14,"institution":74,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":76,"abstract":77},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320725","Single Pore Engineering for Membrane Development","UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE","UK","€2,080,000","Mankind needs to innovate to deliver more efficient, environmentally-friendly and increasingly intensified processes.  The development of highly selective, high temperature, inorganic membranes is critical for the introduction of the novel membrane processes that will promote the transition to a low carbon economy and result in cleaner, more efficient and safer chemical conversions.  However, high temperature membranes are difficult to study because of problems associated with sealing and determ",{"id":79,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":80,"piName":14,"institution":81,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":82,"abstract":83},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323626","The Adoption of New Technological Arrays in the Production of Broadcast Television","ROYAL HOLLOWAY AND BEDFORD NEW COLLEGE","€1,680,121","Since 1960, the television industry has undergone successive waves of technological change. Both the methods of programme making and the programmes themselves have changed substantially. The current opening of TV’s vast archives to public and academic use has emphasised the need to explain old programming to new users. Why particular programmes are like they are is not obvious to the contemporary viewer: the prevailing technologies imposed limits and enabled forms that have fallen into disuse. T",{"id":85,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":86,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":90},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323071","High resolution and chemical genetic approaches to RNA silencing mechanisms","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","CH","€2,251,600","In eukaryotes, silencing small (s)RNAs, including micro (mi)RNAs and small interfering (si)RNAs, regulate many aspects of biology, including cell differentiation, development, hormonal responses, or defense. In particular, many plant and metazoan miRNAs play crucial roles in embryonic\u002Fpost-embryonic development; the precise timing and localization of their expression is thus crucial to their action. Hence, specific miRNA repertoires underlie specific cell identities, and deviations from such rep",{"id":92,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":93,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":94,"abstract":95},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320499","The Hidden Frontier: Quantitative Exploration of Physical and Ecological Origins of Microbial Diversity in Soil","€2,196,632","By some accounts exploring the origins of soil microbial diversity represents a scientific frontier similar to that of space exploration in its scope, described by Curtis and Sloan (2004) as ”an immense and unexplored frontier in science of astronomical dimensions and of astonishing complexity”. The complexity is attributed to soil ecological heterogeneity reflecting interplay of spatio-temporal, physical, and nutritional variables delineating spheres of influence that define microbial habitats ",{"id":97,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":98,"piName":14,"institution":99,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":100,"abstract":101},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320639","Integrated geodynamics: Reconciling geophysics and geochemistry","UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT","€3,480,600","How are deep mantle processes related to the mapped geological record? How can we reconcile geochemical observations with geophysical inferences? These are first order unanswered questions despite our steady progress in imaging the Earth's internal structure and understanding the high temperature and pressure properties of minerals. To make a breakthrough, we have to understand solid-state convection in the Earth's mantle in much greater detail. Much is known about the physical processes, such a",{"id":103,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":104,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":105,"abstract":106},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324247","Modeling the Emergence of Social Complexity and Order:How Individual and Societal Complexity Co-Evolve","€2,498,831","This proposal develops a new perspective on social systems by combining analytical sociology with evolutionary game theory, agent-based modeling, computational social science, complexity science, and experimental research. Our focus on co-evolutionary processes will shed new light on emergent phenomena in social systems and elaborate a “social ecosystem” perspective. We will overcome problems of previous approaches by implementing social mechanisms, learning rules, and parameters in an evolution",{"id":108,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":109,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":110,"abstract":111},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338763","Quantum Mesoscopics with Vacuum Trapped Nanoparticles","€2,499,471","The objective of this project is to control the dynamics of a nanoscale object with unprecedented precision and to study interactions on the mesoscale, - the grey zone between the discrete atomistic world and the continuous world of macroscopic objects.A single nanoparticle will be captured  by the gradient force of a focused laser beam in ultrahigh vacuum and its center-of-mass motion will be controlled by optical back-action. To cool the nanoparticle to its quantum ground state we will explore",{"id":113,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":114,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":115,"abstract":116},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321381","ProNet - Prosthetic Transgene Networks for the Treatment of Metabolic Disorders","€2,498,800","Since living memory, the basic treatment strategies for the therapy of human diseases has not much changed conceptually. Although the molecular understanding of metabolic disorders continues to progress significantly the therapeutic strategy is still based on specific, often heterologous compounds which interfere with critical disease targets, trigger a metabolic bypass reaction or complement a molecular deficiency. As systems biology is revealing gene-function correlations and metabolic network",{"id":118,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":119,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":120},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320401","Clocking fundamental attosecond electron dynamics","The attoclock is a powerful, new, and unconventional tool to study fundamental attosecond dynamics on an atomic scale. We established its potential by using the first attoclock to measure the tunneling delay time in laser-induced ionization of helium and argon atoms, with surprising results. Building on these first proof-of-principle measurements, I propose to amplify and expand this tool concept to explore the following key questions:  How fast can light liberate electrons from a single atom, a",{"id":122,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":123,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":124,"abstract":125},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320368","Moduli of curves, sheaves, and K3 surfaces","€2,167,997","Algebraic geometry is the study of varieties -- the zero sets of polynomial equations in several variables. The subject has a central role in mathematics with connections to number theory, representation theory, and topology. Moduli questions in algebraic geometry concern the behavior of varieties as the coefficients of the defining polynomials vary. At the end of the 20th century several fundamental links between the algebraic geometry of moduli spaces and path integrals in quantum field theory",{"id":127,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":128,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":129,"abstract":130},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320666","Understanding Halogenated Lipids: Synthesis, Mode of Action, Structural Studies, and Applications","€2,233,240","Among the various toxins isolated, the chlorosulfolipids are particularly intriguing because of their structural and stereochemical complexity. The mechanism of biological activity remains unknown. The lack of availability of the natural products has impaired more in-depth studies aimed at pharmacological, biological, and chemical characterization for proper evaluation of the risk for human health and their role in nature. The proposal takes as its basis this unusual class of natural products an",{"id":132,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":133,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":134,"abstract":135},"cordis-european-research-council-award-319968","Fluid Flow in Complex and Curved Spaces","€2,200,000","In many natural and industrial situations, fluids in cavities, membranes or pipes of complex shape grow as well as modify the structures through which they flow. This leads to important challenges both fundamental, like biological morphogenesis, and practical, like the motion of nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS). We seek to substantially advance the understanding of the resulting shapes and instabilities. Our approach will focus on numerical methods, validated through theoretical and experim",{"id":137,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":138,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":139,"abstract":140},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321295","Engineered Protein Capsids as Artificial Bacterial Organelles","€1,889,200","Many proteins self-assemble into regular, shell-like, polyhedral structures. Protein capsids are useful, both in nature and in the laboratory, as molecular containers for diverse cargo molecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, metal nanoparticles, quantum dots, and low molecular weight drugs.  They can consequently serve as delivery vehicles, bioimaging agents, reaction vessels, and templates for the controlled synthesis of novel materials.  Here, we will apply our experience with protein de",{"id":142,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":143,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":145},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322778","Chromatin Fiber and Remodeling Factor Structural Studies","€2,500,000","DNA in higher organisms is organized in a nucleoprotein complex called chromatin. The structure of chromatin is responsible for compacting DNA to fit within the nucleus and for governing its access in nuclear processes. Epigenetic information is encoded chiefly via chromatin modifications. Readout of the genetic code depends on chromatin remodeling, a process actively altering chromatin structure. An understanding of the hierarchical structure of chromatin and of structurally based, remodeling m",{"id":147,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":148,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":149,"abstract":150},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320541","SOLAR THERMOCHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF FUELS","€2,187,650","The research is aimed at the efficient production of solar fuels from H2O and CO2. Solar thermochemical approaches using concentrating solar energy inherently operate at high temperatures and utilize the entire solar spectrum, and as such provide thermodynamic favorable paths to efficient solar fuel production. The targeted solar fuel is syngas: a mixture of mainly H2 and CO that can be further processed to liquid hydrocarbon fuels (e.g. diesel, kerosene), which offer high energy densities and a",{"id":152,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":153,"piName":14,"institution":87,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":154},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322582","Nuclear Envelope Biogenesis, Function and Dynamics","The nuclear envelope (NE) harbors key roles in cellular and organismal homeostasis, reflected by a variety of diseases caused by mutations in NE proteins. Despite the fundamental role of the NE in protecting and organizing the genome, still little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying NE biogenesis, dynamics and functionality. We will address 3 open questions in NE biology, using vertebrate cells as model system. (1) To understand how the functional specification of the NE by transm",{"id":156,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":157,"piName":14,"institution":158,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":159,"abstract":160},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320764","MEMS made Electron Emission Membranes","STICHTING NEDERLANDSE WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK INSTITUTEN","€2,396,000","We propose a radically new and generic type of detector for photons, electrons and energetic charged particles: a stacked set of curved miniature dynodes in vacuum, created through MicroMechanical Electronic Systems (MEMS) fabrication techniques on top of a state-of-the-art CMOS pixel chip. This combination in itself is an extremely efficient electron detector. By capping the system with a traditional photocathode, a highly sensitive timed photon counter can be realized, outperforming all existi",{"id":162,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":163,"piName":14,"institution":164,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":165,"abstract":166},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321033","Controlling Molecular Spin at the Molecular Scale","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","€1,998,747","Because of their internal structure, molecules provide novel functionality not realizable in conventional semiconductor-based electronics. One exciting new possibility is that of spintronics: electronic devices using the electron spin to carry and manipulate information. So far, spintronics has been explored in metals and semiconductors. Magnetic molecules in principle enable radically new approaches in using the spin degree of freedom, but their incorporation in solid-state devices is a dauntin",{"id":168,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":169,"piName":14,"institution":170,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":171,"abstract":172},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323148","Cellular determinants of neuronal plasticity  on the level of single synapses in vivo","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€2,404,800","The search for the fundamental mechanisms of learning and experience-dependent memory formation in the brain has long been a central quest in neuroscience. The neocortex is a particularly relevant region for plasticity because it is involved in sensory, motor, and cognitive tasks with strong learning components. However, despite many years of intensive research our knowledge of the neuronal mechanisms of plasticity on the level of single synapses in the intact living brain is still very limited.",{"id":174,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":175,"piName":14,"institution":99,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":176},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321140","Near-Field Spectroscopic Imaging of the Assembly and Working of Nanosheets of Catalytic Porous Materials","The pressing need for a more sustainable society has sparked intensive research efforts in search for novel materials with controlled structure, porosity and functionalities. Such porous materials may combine high catalytic activity and selectivity with a long-term stability in the conversion of renewable (e.g. biomass) and non-renewable feedstock when producing future transportation fuels and chemicals. Rational design and optimization of the catalytic properties of these materials is one of th",{"id":178,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":179,"piName":14,"institution":99,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":180,"abstract":181},"cordis-european-research-council-award-341225","A new paradigm in modelling flow and transport in porous media: revisiting foundations of porous media science","€2,237,200","Our models of fluid-filled porous media are based on ad-hoc extensions of relatively simple equations. But, in almost all cases, they have failed to provide acceptable descriptions of complex porous media. In petroleum engineering, we are not able to predict the true reservoir behaviour; our predictions must be continuously revised through “history matching”. In soil physics, we find that persistent pesticides do reach deep groundwater resources contrary to our model predictions. Almost all mode",{"id":183,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":184,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":187,"abstract":188},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338720","Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","IL","€2,499,998","The overall objective is to fully understand  the Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity (CISS) effect, which was discovered recently. It was found that the transmission or conduction of electrons through chiral molecules is spin dependent. The CISS effect is a change in the pradigm that assumed that any spin manipulation requiers magnetic materials or materials with high spin-orbit coupling. These unexpected new findings open new possibilities for  applying chiral molecules in spintronics applications",{"id":190,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":191,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":192,"abstract":193},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322581","Novel Insights into Multi-drug Resistance to Antibiotics and the Primordial Ribosome","€2,487,989","Multi-drug resistant phenotype formation creates global severe clinical threat among the most important challenges facing medicine today, dictating an urgent need for novel approaches. We aim to reveal the scope and mechanisms of resistance in pathogens, by studies that have not been pursued so far worldwide. In parallel we initiated innovative research towards understanding the ribosome origin, aiming at illuminating the transition from the primordial RNA world to the contemporary coded transla",{"id":195,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":196,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":197,"abstract":198},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339495","Axonuclear Communication in Neuronal Growth Control","€2,498,040","Neurons exhibit the most marked size differences and diversity in intrinsic growth rates of any class of cells. How then can a neuron coordinate between biosynthesis rates in the soma and the growth needs of different lengths of axons? The central hypothesis of this proposal is that neurons sense the lengths of the axonal microtubule cytoskeleton on an ongoing basis by bidirectional motor-dependent axon-nucleus communication, and that the oscillating retrograde signal generated by this mechanism",{"id":200,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":201,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":202,"abstract":203},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340210","Multi-Dimensional Study of non Abelian Topological States of Matter","€1,529,107","Non-abelian topological states of matter are of great interest in condensed matter physics,both due to their extraordinary fundamental properties and to their possible use for quantumcomputation. The insensitivity of their topological characteristics to disorder, noise,and interaction with the environment may lead to realization of quantum computers withvery long coherence times. The realization of a quantum computer ranks among the foremostoutstanding problems in physics, particularly in light ",{"id":205,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":206,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":207,"abstract":208},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320034","Transformation optics: cloaking, perfect imaging and horizons","€2,495,399","Transformation optics grew out of ideas for invisibility cloaking devices and exploits connections between electromagnetism in media and in geometries. Invisibility has turned from fiction into science since 2006, but is far from being practical yet. Advances in the theory of transformation optical are the key for bringing invisibility closer to practicality. Probably the most important practical application of connections between media and geometries is perfect imaging, the ability to optically",{"id":210,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":211,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":212},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322709","Identifying genes and pathways that drive molecular switches and back-up mechanisms between apoptosis and autophagy","A cell’s decision to die is governed by multiple input signals received from a complex network of programmed cell death (PCD) pathways, including apoptosis and programmed necrosis. Additionally, under some conditions, autophagy, whose function is mainly pro-survival, may act as a back-up death pathway. We propose to apply new approaches to study the molecular basis of two important questions that await resolution in the field: a) how the cell switches from a pro-survival autophagic response to a",{"id":214,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":215,"piName":14,"institution":216,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":217,"abstract":218},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322784","The ecology of metabolic phenotypes: from cells to populations","UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW","€2,253,716","Metabolic rate is a fundamental life history trait. Yet it also shows remarkable intra-specific variation: some individuals consistently have 2-3 times the maintenance costs of conspecifics the same size, age and sex. The predicted consequences of this variation are central to our understanding of optimal life history strategies and resource allocation trade-offs. But how is this intra-specific variation maintained? And why have attempts to link variation in metabolic rate to fitness yielded ver",{"id":220,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":221,"piName":14,"institution":222,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":223},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323596","Fragments of cuneiform medicine in the Babylonian Talmud:  Knowledge Transfer in Late Antiquity","FREIE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN","BabMed represents the first ever comprehensive study of ancient Babylonian medical science since the decipherment of cuneiform, comprising the largest ancient collection of medical data before Hippocrates.  The latest phase of Babylonian medicine, as preserved in Aramaic in the Babylonian Talmud, has never been systematically studied in the light of older cuneiform materials.  The absence of accessible cuneiform medical literature has forced recent medical histories to bypass Babylonian medicine",{"id":225,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":226,"piName":14,"institution":227,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":228},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320571","Quantum Computation, Logic, and Security","STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITEIT","Quantum computing involves a new computational paradigm based on thelaws of quantum mechanics. It uses qubits, which are superpositions ofordinary bits, and exploits the `strange' quantum phenomena likeentanglement of qubits. It promises new forms of very fast,distributed computation.  First applications are now appearing incomputer security, based on the manipulation of individual qubits. Therealization of large scale quantum computing, involving multitudes ofqubits is still a technological cha",{"id":230,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":231,"piName":14,"institution":227,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":232,"abstract":233},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323091","Biomechanical diagnostic, pre-planning and outcome tools to improve musculoskeletal surgery","€2,456,400","The aetiology of many musculoskeletal (MS) diseases is related to biomechanical factors. However, the tools to assess the biomechanical condition of patients used by clinicians and researchers are often crude and subjective leading to non-optimal patient analyses and care. In this project innovations related to imaging, sensor technology and biomechanical modelling are utilized to generate versatile, accurate and objective methods to quantify the (pathological) MS condition of the lower extremit",{"id":235,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":236,"piName":14,"institution":237,"country":238,"year":13,"amount":239,"abstract":240},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320535","HERMES – High Exponential Rise in Miniaturized cantilever-like Sensing","DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET","DK","€2,499,466","Miniaturized cantilever–like sensors have evolved rapidly.  However, when it comes to major breakthroughs in both fundamental studies as well as commercial applications these sensors face severe challenges: i) reliability – often only one or two measurements are performed for the same conditions due to very slow data generation and the results are rarely confirmed by orthogonal sensing technologies, ii) sensitivity – in many applications the need is now for ultra-low sensitivities, iii) reproduc",{"id":242,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":243,"piName":14,"institution":237,"country":238,"year":13,"amount":244,"abstract":245},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320812","Graph Theory: Colourings, flows, and decompositions","€1,518,471","Graph theory is a relatively new branch of mathematics. Early sources of inspiration are Kirchhoff’s theory of electrical networks and the 4-color problem, both from the 19th century. In the 20th century graph theory was one of the most rapidly growing branches of mathematics with applications to theoretical computer science (design and analysis of algorithms), operations research (combinatorial optimization) and models in engineering and economics. The internet may be thought as a graph. There ",{"id":247,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":248,"piName":14,"institution":249,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":250,"abstract":251},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320915","Rare Earth Element reCYCLing  with Low harmful Emissions","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","€2,255,515","It is a matter of strategic independence for Europe to urgently find processes taking into account environmental and economic issues, when mining and recycling rare earths. Currently THERE ARE NO SUCH INDUSTRIAL PROCESS AVAILABLE and 0% WASTE RECYCLING of RARE EARTH ELEMENTS (REE). Plus,  97% of the mining operations are performed in China, hence representing a major Sword of Damoclès for the rest of the world’s economy.We propose to develop a new, cost effective and environmentally friendly REE",{"id":253,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":254,"piName":14,"institution":227,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":255,"abstract":256},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338957","Nonequilibrium phenomena at femtosecond\u002Fnanometer scale","€1,637,630","Nanoscale objects like magnetic molecules and clusters, quantum dots, and graphene, bring us novel physical concepts. Recently, the temporal scale of the order of tens of femtoseconds (femtoscale) became available and new physical phenomena associated with this time scale, such as laser-induced electron and magnetic phase transitions, were discovered. The theoretical background for understanding this new physics is still rather poor. This temporal scale, like the spatial nanoscale is intermediat",{"id":258,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":259,"piName":14,"institution":260,"country":261,"year":13,"amount":262,"abstract":263},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323940","Employment in Europe","UNIVERSITY OF CYPRUS","CY","€2,200,143","The first part of this project is about employment in Europe, including the new members of the European Union. Both the level of employment and the type of jobs created will be examined. A thorough study of institutional structures and policies is proposed, with a view to arriving at conclusions about their influence on job creation and about the best policy needed to achieve national or European-level employment objectives. Job creation is investigated at the two-digit level and male and female",{"id":265,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":266,"piName":14,"institution":267,"country":268,"year":13,"amount":269,"abstract":270},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320694","Processing of biomolecular targets for interferometric quantum experiments","UNIVERSITAT WIEN","AT","€2,266,904","Recent studies in Vienna have shown that surprising quantum phenomena, such as matter-wave interferometry with molecules composed of hundreds of covalently bound atoms, are actually feasible.PROBIOTIQUS will now be the first project world-wide to develop experimental tools for matter-wave physics with large biomolecules from amino acid clusters up to proteins and self-replicating molecules.First, we shall exploit the full potential of coherent molecule metrology for biomolecules, and molecules i",{"id":272,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":273,"piName":14,"institution":274,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":275},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323059","Downhill Folding Protein Modules as Conformational Rheostats: Roles in Molecular Biology and Applications as Biosensors","FUNDACION IMDEA NANOCIENCIA","Protein folding and function is a perfect arena towards growing the grassroots of quantitative and synthetic biology. This is so because all cellular processes controlled by proteins can ultimately be traced back to physico-chemical properties encoded in their aminoacid sequences. MOLRHEOSTAT is framed within these goals, focusing on the investigation of novel connections between protein folding and function via a multidisciplinary approach that combines experiment (single molecule spectroscopy,",{"id":277,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":278,"piName":14,"institution":279,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":280,"abstract":281},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322797","Engineering an artificial immune system with functional components assembled from prokaryotic parts and modules","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","€2,422,271","The objective of this project is to overcome current limitations for antibody production that are inherent to the extant immune system of vertebrates. This will be done by creating an all-in-one artificial\u002Fsynthetic counterpart based exclusively on prokaryotic parts, devices and modules. To this end, ARISYS will exploit design concepts, construction hierarchies and standardization notions that stem from contemporary Synthetic Biology for the assembly and validation of (what we believe is) the mo",{"id":283,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":284,"piName":14,"institution":285,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":286,"abstract":287},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320389","Quantum Chromodynamics at Work","STICHTING VU","€2,068,946","Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is one of the cornerstones of the Standard Model of particle physics. It describes the world of quarks, anti-quarks and gluons (partons) making up the protons and neutrons and therewith the ordinary matter in our universe. Collisions of protons and heavy nuclei at unprecedented energies in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN enable experiments that will uncover mechanisms and symmetries underlying the Standard Model. In experiments at the LHC, as in many other hi",{"id":289,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":290,"piName":14,"institution":291,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":292,"abstract":293},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322966","Telling the full story: how neurons send other signals than by classical synaptic transmission","STICHTING AMSTERDAM UMC","€2,439,315","The regulated secretion of chemical signals in the brain occurs principally from two organelles, synaptic vesicles and dense core vesicles (DCVs). Synaptic vesicle secretion accounts for the well characterized local, fast signalling in synapses. DCVs contain a diverse collection of cargo, including many neuropeptides that trigger a multitude of modulatory effects with quite robust impact, for instance on memory, mood, pain, appetite or social behavior. Disregulation of neuropeptide secretion is ",{"id":295,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":296,"piName":14,"institution":291,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":297},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322986","Molecular Self Screening for Cervical Cancer Prevention","Cervical carcinoma is a preventable cancer caused by a persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (hrHPV). Several western countries have implemented nation-wide screening programs based on the detection of abnormal cells in cervical smears (cytology) for cervical cancer prevention. Although these programs have markedly reduced incidence in developed countries, even the most sophisticated cytology-based screening programs miss significant numbers of high-grade cervical les",{"id":299,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":300,"piName":14,"institution":301,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":302,"abstract":303},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321171","Algorithms, Games, Mechanisms, and the Price of Anarchy","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","€2,461,000","The objective of this proposal is to bring together a local team of young researchers who will work closely with international collaborators to advance the state of the art of Algorithmic Game Theory and open new venues of research at the interface of Computer Science, Game Theory, and Economics. The proposal consists mainly of three intertwined research strands: algorithmic mechanism design, price of anarchy, and online algorithms.Specifically, we will attempt to resolve some outstanding open p",{"id":305,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":306,"piName":14,"institution":301,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":307,"abstract":308},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339402","PHYSICIAN AIDED RECONSTITUTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM","€1,999,905","Unwanted immune responses to self-tissues and transplants have a major impact on human health and wealth. Their management has required long-term immunosuppressive drugs which penalise the whole immune system. The big challenge has been to understand how the individual is naturally tolerant to self, and to exploit this knowledge for treatments better targeted to the relevant antigens. Since 1980 the applicant’s laboratory  have, in rodent models, defined mechanisms of acquired tolerance, and use",{"id":310,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":311,"piName":14,"institution":301,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":312,"abstract":313},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324139","Precision dating of the Palaeolithic: chronological mapping of the Middle and Upper Palaeolithic of Eurasia","€2,488,734","This proposal addresses the chronology of the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition of Eurasia, the period between ~60-30,000 years ago, during which the first modern humans dispersed out of Africa into the Old World and Neanderthals disappeared. This is a crucially important interval for understanding late human evolution and the reasons leading to the global dominance of our species. The project will allow, for the first time, the construction of a robust chronology for more than 50 key Pala",{"id":315,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":316,"piName":14,"institution":301,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":317,"abstract":318},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324176","Cognitive Biases - Windows into the Mechanisms underlying Emotional Vulnerability and Resilience","€2,486,937","Every person responds to life's difficulties in different ways. But why do some 'suffer the slings and arrows of outragerous fortune' and other 'take arms against a sea of trouble'. There are those who are vulnerable and fragile, falling prey to anxiety, depression and a range of compulsions that, left unattended, can easily turn into addicitons. Then there are the those who irrespective of what life throws at them, always seem able to cope. Moreover, a small proportion of these resilient people",{"id":320,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":321,"piName":14,"institution":301,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":322},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321121","GEM-TRAIT: The Global Ecosystems Monitoring and Trait Study: a novel approach to quantifying the role of biodiversity in the functioning and future of tropical forests.","This proposal directly addresses one of the great challenges in Earth system science: how will the terrestrial biosphere respond to global atmospheric change and, more specifically, how does the biodiversity of the biosphere moderate or affect that response? This proposal focuses on tropical forests. We are currently unable to understand how tropical forests will respond to climate change because there is (i) a data-deficit: we simply do not have the data to understand the relationship between t",{"id":324,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":325,"piName":14,"institution":326,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":327,"abstract":328},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323196","Multiparametric tumor imaging and beyond: Towards understanding in vivo signals","EBERHARD KARLS UNIVERSITAET TUEBINGEN","€2,494,800","Non-invasive preclinical and clinical imaging is a powerful tool and has a huge potential, specifically in the realm of oncology. Recently, our laboratory developed a novel multimodality imaging system, which combines positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), yielding temporally and spatially matched data. However, the molecular PET and functional MRI signals are very complex and are often not fully understood. Thus, we will cross-validate the complementary PET\u002FMRI",{"id":330,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":331,"piName":14,"institution":326,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":332,"abstract":333},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324246","Language Evolution: The Empirical Turn","€2,003,580","This proposal describes a highly interdisciplinary approach to the empirical study of cultural language evolution. It draws on ideas and methods from *historical linguistics and typology*, *natural language processing*, *biology*, *bioinformatics*, *computer science*, and *statistics*.The computer aided study of cultural language evolution has seen a tremendous upturn over the past fifteen years. This comprises both model-driven approaches - studying the consequences of design assumptions regard",{"id":335,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":336,"piName":14,"institution":337,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":338,"abstract":339},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320789","A laser-cooled molecular fountain to measure the electron EDM","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","€2,409,629","I propose to build an instrument that cools YbF molecules to microK temperature using laser light, and throws them up as a fountain in free fall.  This will be used to detect CP-violating elementary particle interactions that caused our universe to evolve an excess of matter over antimatter  These interactions cause the charge distribution of the electron to be slightly non-spherical and it is this property, the permanent electric dipole moment (EDM), that the ultracold molecules will sense.Lase",{"id":341,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":342,"piName":14,"institution":343,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":344},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323099","Cardiac Connective Tissue: Beat-by-Beat Relevance for Heart Function in Health and Disease","UNIVERSITAETSKLINIKUM FREIBURG","Cardiac connective tissue is regarded as passive in terms of cardiac electro-mechanics. However, recent evidence confirms that fibroblasts interact directly with cardiac muscle cells in a way that is likely to affect their beat-by-beat activity.To overcome limitations of traditional approaches to exploring these interactions in native tissue, we will build and explore murine models that express functional reporters (membrane potential, Vm; calcium concentration, [Ca2+]i) in fibroblasts, to ident",{"id":346,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":347,"piName":14,"institution":337,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":348,"abstract":349},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320560","Fractal-generated fluid flows: new flow concepts, technological innovation and fundamentals","€2,317,265","The unprecedented requirements set by thedramatically evolving energy, environmental and climatic constraintsmean that industry needs new turbulent and vortical flow concepts fornew flow-technology solutions. The full potential and economic impactof radically new industrial flow concepts can only be realised with astep change (i) in the ways we generate and condition turbulent andvortical flows and (ii) in our understanding of turbulent flowdynamics and the consequent new predictive approaches.F",{"id":351,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":352,"piName":14,"institution":353,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":354,"abstract":355},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320923","Theory of Mantle, Core and Technological Materials","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€2,720,000","I propose to work full time on this ERC Advanced project to predict properties of Earth and technological materials using fundamental physics, spending half of my time at University College London, building a research group, and educating students and post-docs. I compute properties of minerals and melts to better understand them, and estimate properties when data are unavailable. The latter has been important in the Earth sciences, starting with my prediction of the elastic constants of silicat",{"id":357,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":358,"piName":14,"institution":353,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":359,"abstract":360},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321339","Electroactive Donor-Acceptor Covalent Organic Frameworks","€2,431,728","The effective conversion of light into chemical or electrical energy is one of the major challenges of humanity during the 21st century. Organic bulk heterojunctions of polymers or aggregates of small molecules combining donor- and acceptor-functionality offer promising prospects for effective light-induced energy conversion. In order to efficiently utilize the solar energy, interpenetrating networks of donor- and acceptor components are often required. While impressive advances have been achiev",{"id":362,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":363,"piName":14,"institution":353,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":364,"abstract":365},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320045","Fundamental Aspects of Strings and Gravity","€959,400","The proposed ERC Advanced Grant “Strings&Gravity” is centered around string theory as a consistent theory of quantum gravity in the context of particle physics and cosmology. We are addressing several ground breaking and highly innovative questions about the structure of space and time and the nature of fundamental interactions at very short distances. In particular we are planning to investigate various new aspects concerning the fundamental relation between string theory and gravity. These con",{"id":367,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":368,"piName":14,"institution":353,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":369,"abstract":370},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323719","Methodological Cosmopolitanism - In the Laboratory of Climate Change","€1,047,264","Climate change, framed in social scientific terms, offers a causal and moral narrative which connects, for example, users of electric toothbrushes in the USA and couples quarrelling about habits of consumption in Europe and Japan, with representatives disputing about a post-Kyoto agreement at global climate conferences, all the way to victims of flooding and draught events in Australia, China, India and Bangladesh. Even climate sceptics react to and thereby affirm the dominance of such a climate",{"id":372,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":373,"piName":14,"institution":353,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":374,"abstract":375},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322869","Structural mechanism of recognition, signaling and resection of DNA double-strand breaks","€2,498,019","DNA double-strand breaks are perhaps the most harmful DNA damages and result in carcinogenic chromosome aberrations. Cells protect their genome by activating a complex signaling and repair network, collectively denoted DNA damage response (DDR). A key initial step of the DDR is the activation of the 360 kDa checkpoint kinase ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) by the multifunctional DSB repair factor Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN). MRN senses and tethers DSBs, processes DSBs for further resection, and r",{"id":377,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":378,"piName":14,"institution":353,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":379,"abstract":380},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321366","Identification and modulation of pathogenic Amyloid beta-peptide species","€2,497,020","The frequency of Alzheimer's disease (AD) will dramatically increase in the ageing western society during the next decades. Currently, about 18 million people suffer worldwide from AD. Since no cure is available, this devastating disorder represents one of the most challenging socio-economical problems of our future.  As onset and progression of AD is triggered by the amyloid cascade, I will put particular attention on amyloid ß-peptide (Aß).  The reason for this approach is, that even though 20",{"id":382,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":383,"piName":14,"institution":353,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":384,"abstract":385},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322605","Metabolic regulation of growth and body composition: key modulators of long-term health","€2,491,200","Nutrient exposure during pregnancy and childhood strongly affects growth and induces persistent metabolic programming of lifelong health. Recent data show that obesity and related disorders are induced by both fast childhood weight gain, and by formula feeding that promotes higher weight gain than breastfeeding. Lower protein in infant formula at levels similar to breast milk normalizes early weight gain and reduces later obesity risk as much as 2.5fold. Optimizing growth through improved substr",{"id":387,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":388,"piName":14,"institution":158,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":389,"abstract":390},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320745","Exploiting new radio telescopes to understand  the role of AGN in galaxy evolution","€2,441,923","An intricate interplay between various, and sometimes, competing processes, rules the formation of galaxies. Accretion of gas leads to the formation of new stars and the growth of the central massive black hole. In return, the energy released by these processes can drive strong outflows of gas, profoundly affecting the gaseous medium in and around a galaxy. This mechanism of energy feedback is now a key ingredient in models of structure formation. However, its implementation is still largely ad ",{"id":392,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":393,"piName":14,"institution":158,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":394,"abstract":395},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320651","Solving High Energy Physics Equations using Monte Carlo Gaming Techniques","€1,739,000","The main objective of this proposal is to perform (hitherto unsolved) calculations in Quantum Field Theory (QFT) most of which are urgently needed to make optimal use of upcoming experimental data from the Large Hadron Collider. These specific calculations have been intractable thus far due to their enormous demand of man and computer power.We will make use of the brand new technique of Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) from the fields of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and gaming to resolve this issu",{"id":397,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":398,"piName":14,"institution":399,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":400,"abstract":401},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322541","Mesocorticolimbic System: functional anatomy,  drug-evoked synaptic plasticity & behavioral correlates of Synaptic Inhibition","UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE","€2,499,506","The mesocorticolimbic (MCL) system, extending from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex, comprises a dopamine (DA) projection implicated in reinforcement learning. The MCL system is the target of addictive substances and of drug-evoked synaptic plasticity, a cellular mechanism that may underlie the adaptive, pathological behaviors that occur after repeated drug exposure. While most previous work has focused on excitatory transmission, recent studies sug",{"id":403,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":404,"piName":14,"institution":405,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":406},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322942","Glycosylation: Programmes for Observation, Inhibition and Structure-based Exploitation of key carbohydrate-active enzymes","UNIVERSITY OF YORK","The development of new approaches to dissect the diverse roles for carbohydrates in living cells is a major challenge for modern cell biology. The huge diversity of carbohydrates is reflected in a multiplicity of function; in addition to acting as energy sources, carbohydrates play major roles in structure, signalling and epigenetics. The work programme will build upon the applicant’s excellence in the mechanistic and structural enzymology of carbohydrate-active enzymes to tackle the key challen",{"id":408,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":409,"piName":14,"institution":405,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":410,"abstract":411},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323262","Face Recognition: Understanding the role of within-person variability","€1,496,263","This project represents a new way to look at the problem of human face recognition. Despite a large amount of research on this topic, we still do not understand the most fundamental aspect of face processing: how can we identify the people we see? This is a key problem in human perception, but it also has practical implications in forensic and security settings. This project has its roots in a simple observation: pictures of the same face can look very different indeed. In the standard approach ",{"id":413,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":414,"piName":14,"institution":415,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":416,"abstract":417},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322886","Sudden Cardiac Death and Electrical Dyssynchrony Mediated by Purkinje-His Dysfunctional Activity","UNIVERSITE DE BORDEAUX","€2,489,646","Cardiovascular disease is the first cause of mortality in the whole world (WHO 2008), responsible for 700000 deaths each year in Europe; a huge burden on healtcare. Half of this mortality is due to heart failure (HF), which can be caused or further aggravated by electrical dyssynchrony. The other half of cardiac mortality occurs suddenly, essentially due to ventricular tachyarrhythmias.The main objectives of SYMPHONY are (i) to advance our fundamental understanding in the mechanisms underlying S",{"id":419,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":420,"piName":14,"institution":421,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":422},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322491","Intersecting hallmarks of cancer: mechanisms of and interplay between invasion and angiogenesis, guiding new strategies for cancer therapy","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE","Acquisition of the hallmark capability for invasion and in turn metastasis is for most human cancers the defining event in progression to life threatening disease.  Its determinants are remarkably complex.  Genetically engineered mice can model human cancers, with tumors arising in specific organs, reflecting onco-genomic and histopathological features of particular tumor types.  This project will use four mouse models to characterize newly implicated determinants of invasive tumor growth. We ha",{"id":424,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":425,"piName":14,"institution":421,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":426,"abstract":427},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320860","Surface Enhanced NMR Spectroscopy","€3,449,400","The ability to determine molecular structures from single crystals by diffraction methods has transformed science. However, if the system under investigation is located at a surface, the problem of structure elucidation is largely unsolved. Due to the increasing frequency with which such samples are encountered, particularly in the area of new materials for energy and catalysis, there is a critical need for the development of new methods for structure characterization of surfaces.Nuclear magneti",{"id":429,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":430,"piName":14,"institution":421,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":431,"abstract":432},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320966","Cavity Quantum Optomechanics: Exploring mechanical oscillators in the quantum regime","€2,496,000","In recent years the development of cavity otomechanical coupling has enabled to achieve the quantum regime of mechanical systems in an experimental setting. The present proposal building on these developments and demonstrate mechanical oscillators ability as a quantum technology. It seeks to investigate and utilize coherent coupling of ground state cooled mechanical oscillators for storage of single photons in mechanical oscillators, explore backaction evading measurements, explore quantum dissi",{"id":434,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":435,"piName":14,"institution":436,"country":268,"year":13,"amount":437,"abstract":438},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320593","Arithmetic and physics of Higgs moduli spaces","INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUSTRIA","€1,304,945","The proposal studies problems concerning the geometry and topology of moduli spaces of Higgs bundles on a Riemann surface motivated by parallel considerations in number theory and mathematical physics. In this way the proposal bridges various duality theories in string theory with the Langlands program in number theory.The heart of the proposal is a circle of precise conjectures relating to the topology of the moduli space of Higgs bundles. The formulation and motivations of the conjectures make",{"id":440,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":441,"piName":14,"institution":421,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":442,"abstract":443},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320404","Microfluidic systems for the study of living roundworms (Caenorhabditis elegans) and tissues","€2,492,400","This proposal situated at the interfaces of the microengineering, biological and medical fields aims to develop microfluidic chips for studying living roundworms (Caenorhabditis elegans), living cultured liver tissue slices obtained from mice, and formaldehyde\u002Fparaffin-fixed human breast cancer tissue slices and tumors. Each type of microfluidic chip will be the central component of a computer-controlled platform having syringe pumps for accurate dosing of reagents and allowing microscopic obser",{"id":445,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":446,"piName":14,"institution":421,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":447},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323053","Flow in the tumor microenvironment: Linking mechanobiology with immunology","Tumors often engage the lymphatic system to invade and metastasize. The tumor-draining lymph node (dLN) may be an immune privileged site that protects the tumor from host immunity, and lymph flow draining tumors is often increased, enhancing communication between the tumor and the sentinel node.  In addition to increasing transport of tumor antigens and regulatory cytokines to the lymph node, increased lymph flow in the tumor margin causes mechanical stress-induced changes in stromal cells that ",{"id":449,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":450,"piName":14,"institution":451,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":452,"abstract":453},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320441","Chiral Allotropes of Carbon","UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID","€2,235,000","The aim of the present project is to answer fundamental questions about how to introduce chirality into a variety of carbon nanostructures and how it modifies the properties in the search for new applications in materials science and nanotecnology. Thus, it describes a fundamental and technological research program designed to gain new knowledge for the development of novel covalent and supramolecular chiral carbon nanoforms, and their further chemical modification for the preparation of sophist",{"id":455,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":456,"piName":14,"institution":457,"country":458,"year":13,"amount":459,"abstract":460},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321031","Dirac Materials","KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLAN","SE","€1,700,000","The elegant Dirac equation, describing the linear dispersion (energy\u002Fmomentum) relation of electrons at relativistic speeds, has profound consequences such as the prediction of antiparticles, reflection less tunneling (Klein paradox)  and others. Recent discovery of graphene and topological insulators (TI) highlights the scientific importance and technological promise of materials with “relativistic Dirac dispersion of electrons for functional materials and device applications with novel functio",{"id":462,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":463,"piName":14,"institution":464,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":465,"abstract":466},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320708","Intracranial COnnection with Neural Networks for Enabling Communication in Total paralysis","UNIVERSITAIR MEDISCH CENTRUM UTRECHT","€2,498,829","iCONNECT aims to give severely paralyzed people the means to communicate by merely imagining to talk or make hand gestures. Imagining specific movements generates spatiotemporal patterns of neuronal activity in the brain which I intend to record and decode with an intracranial Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) system. Many people suffer from partial or full loss of control over their body due to stroke, disease or trauma, and this will increase with population ageing. With both duration and quality",{"id":468,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":469,"piName":14,"institution":470,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":471,"abstract":472},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322698","Celiac disease: from lincRNAs to disease mechanism","ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS GRONINGEN","€2,319,914","Celiac disease affects at least 1% of the world population. Its onset is triggered by gluten, a common dietary protein, however, its etiology is poorly understood. More than 80% of patients are not properly diagnosed and they therefore do not follow a gluten-free diet, thereby increasing their risk for disease-associated complications and early death. A better understanding of the disease biology would improve the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of celiac disease.This project investigates t",{"id":474,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":475,"piName":14,"institution":476,"country":458,"year":13,"amount":477,"abstract":478},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322744","Plasticity and formation of lasting memories in health and disease. Genetic modeling of key regulators in adult and aging mammals and in neurodegenerative disease","KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET","€2,330,974","When an adult mammal acquires new skills and new knowledge, the degree to which transition will occur from temporary to permanent memories of such events is governed by factors such as emotional weight and importance of the experiences for survival. To execute the necessary structural synaptic reorganisations needed to permanently embed novel memories in the brain, a complex and precisely orchestrated molecular machinery is activated. We have found that rapid down-regulation of Nogo receptor 1 (",{"id":480,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":481,"piName":14,"institution":482,"country":238,"year":13,"amount":483,"abstract":484},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320459","Controlling the orientation of molecules inside liquid helium nanodroplets","AARHUS UNIVERSITET","€2,409,773","In this project I will develop and exploit experimental methods, based on short and intense laser pulses, to control the spatial orientation of molecules dissolved in liquid helium nanodroplets. This idea is, so far, completely unexplored but it has the potential to open a multitude of new opportunities in physics and chemistry. The main objectives are:1) Complete control and real time monitoring of molecular rotation inside liquid helium droplets, exploring superfluidity of the droplets, the po",{"id":486,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":487,"piName":14,"institution":482,"country":238,"year":13,"amount":488,"abstract":489},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321178","Spectroscopy of Trapped Antihydrogen","€2,136,888","Antihydrogen is the only stable, neutral antimatter system available for laboratory study.  Recently, the ALPHA Collaboration at CERN has succeeded in synthesizing and trapping antihydrogen atoms, storing them for up to 1000 s, and performing the first resonant spectroscopy, using microwaves, on trapped antihydrogen.  This last, historic result paves the way for precision microwave and laser spectroscopic measurements using small numbers of trapped antihydrogen atoms.  Because of the breakthroug",{"id":491,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":492,"piName":14,"institution":493,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":494,"abstract":495},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323105","Integrating cancer detection and SURgery Via molecular Imaging","ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS LEIDEN","€2,487,600","The ambitious aim of this ERC-advanced grant proposal is to develop strategies that will connect cancer detection and surgery via tumor-specific molecular imaging techniques. This will lead to personalized patient-, or even tumor-specific treatment strategies. In addition, it will provide a tool for the selection of patients that, following preoperative (neoadjuvant) treatment, would benefit from additional (minimally invasive) surgery and identify patients who may be treated non-operatively. Fi",{"id":497,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":498,"piName":14,"institution":285,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":499,"abstract":500},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323413","What you get is what you see: How Reward Determines Perception","€2,494,525","The expectation of a reward is known to be the driving force behind adaptive behaviour and learning. The effects of reward arise in dopaminergic reward circuitry at the centre of our primitive brain, which guides our goal-directed behaviour and fosters motivational control. A lot is known about the motivational effect of reward, but its effect on attention and perception has only marginally been explored. Recent studies from my lab suggest that such an effect of reward on perception is substanti",{"id":502,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":503,"piName":14,"institution":504,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":505,"abstract":506},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320620","The calm before the storm: Pre-stellar cores as Astrophysical Laboratories","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€2,499,291","Stars like our Sun and planets like our Earth form in dense regions within interstellar molecular clouds, called pre-stellar cores (PSCs).  PSCs provide the initial conditions in the process of star and planet formation, but large uncertainties exist concerning basic astrophysical processes and parameters, such as surface chemistry, the cosmic-ray ionization rate, the H2 ortho-to-para ratio, the abundance of atomic Oxygen and metals. In current models, these parameters\u002Fprocesses are typically fi",{"id":508,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":509,"piName":14,"institution":510,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":511,"abstract":512},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322977","Role of Liver Estrogen Receptor in female Energy Metabolism, Reproduction and Aging: What About Your Liver Sexual Functions?","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO","€1,445,381","In mammals, the liver is the peripheral integrator of nutrient availability and energetic needs of the entire organism. We recently demonstrated that dietary amino acids (AA) activate liver Estrogen Receptors (ER) and that, in case of food scarcity, the lowered circulating AA decrease liver ER activity and reduce IGF-1 synthesis with the consequent blockage of the estrous cycle.Here, we hypothesize that in females liver ERa is also a sensor of the endogenous signalling induced by transitions amo",{"id":514,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":515,"piName":14,"institution":516,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":517,"abstract":518},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320372","Polymerisation-induced self-assembly","THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD","€2,480,300","The efficient, reproducible synthesis of bespoke organic nanoparticles of controlled size, morphology and surface functionality in concentrated solution is widely regarded to be a formidable technical challenge. However, recent advances by the Principal Investigator (PI) suggest that this important problem can be addressed by polymerisation-induced self-assembly (PISA) directly in aqueous solution to form a range of diblock copolymer 'nano-objects'. The proposal combines three synergistic themes",{"id":520,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":521,"piName":14,"institution":516,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":522,"abstract":523},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320570","Exciton-Polaritons: New Physics and Long Term Applications","€2,100,000","This proposal combines novel experimentation and physical insight with state-of-the-art advances in technology to establish the field of exciton-polariton physics in major new directions. The new physics takes advantage of unique polariton properties including very light mass, strong non-linearities, bosonic character and direct access to density, phase and quantum statistics. The major goals are:1. Transform the field into the regime of non-classical polariton physics. Major steps forward will ",{"id":525,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":526,"piName":14,"institution":516,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":527,"abstract":528},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322998","Carbon dioxide regulation of Earth’s ecological weathering engine: from microorganisms to ecosystems","€2,271,980","CDREG develops the major new Earth system science research hypothesis that tectonic-related variations in Earth’s atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]a) drive negative ecological feedbacks on terrestrial silicate weathering rates that stabilise further [CO2]a change and regulate climate.  This paradigm-changing hypothesis integrates ecological and abiotic controls on silicate weathering to understand how terrestrial ecosystems have shaped past Earth system dynamics.  The proposed ecological feed",{"id":530,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":531,"piName":14,"institution":532,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":533},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320539","Programmable Plastics","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","The unique properties of nucleic acids have made them the material of choice for complex nanofabrication. High fidelity formation of duplexes via non-covalent interactions between complementary sequences provides a straightforward approach to molecular programming of multicomponent self-assembly processes. The structure of the nucleic acid backbone and bases can be changed without destroying these properties, suggesting that there are all kinds of unexplored polymeric structures that will also s",{"id":535,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":536,"piName":14,"institution":537,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":538},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322875","Development of Vascular-Disrupting Lymphocyte Therapy for Tumours","CENTRE HOSPITALIER UNIVERSITAIRE VAUDOIS","T cell engineering with chimeric antigen receptors has opened the door to effective immunotherapy. CARs are fusion genes encoding receptors whose extracellular domain comprises a single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody that binds to a tumour surface epitope, while the intracellular domain comprises the signalling module of CD3ζ along with powerful costimulatory domains (e.g. CD28 and\u002For 4-1BB). CARs are a major breakthrough, since they allow bypassing HLA restrictions or loss, and they ca",{"id":540,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":541,"piName":14,"institution":542,"country":543,"year":13,"amount":544,"abstract":545},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322739","The importance of gene and genome duplications for natural and artificial organism populations","VIB VZW","BE","€2,217,525","The long-term establishment of ancient organisms that have undergone whole genome duplications has been exceedingly rare. On the other hand, tens of thousands of now-living species are polyploid and contain multiple copies of their genome. The paucity of ancient genome duplications and the existence of so many species that are currently polyploid provide an interesting and fascinating enigma. A question that remains is whether these older genome duplications have survived by coincidence or becau",{"id":547,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":548,"piName":14,"institution":493,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":549},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323182","Human Pluripotent Stem Cells: the new heart patient?","The ability to generate pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) by reprogramming somatic tissues is arguably the greatest breakthrough in biomedical science of the last decade. The most inaccessible cells of the body can now be derived repeatedly from any individual. This could have a huge impact on understanding disease and the development of new therapeutic drugs but it will require a new level of sophistication in bioassays to create disease models and monitor disease phenotypes. The project I propose ",{"id":551,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":552,"piName":14,"institution":553,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":554,"abstract":555},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322576","Phenotypic plasticity, animal welfare, and the validity of animal experiments","UNIVERSITAET BERN","€1,333,140","Using animals for research is a privilege granted by society to scientists on the explicit understanding that such use will provide significant new knowledge, and no unnecessary harm will be imposed on the animals. However, a high prevalence of abnormal behaviour and other signs of distress in animals housed under standard laboratory conditions, and poor reproducibility of experimental results, suggest that current practice needs to improve to guarantee sound science. Recently we have shown in m",{"id":557,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":558,"piName":14,"institution":559,"country":543,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":560},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321670","Nutri-CARE: Nutrient restriction during Critical illness: from induction of Autophagy to Repression of aberrant Epigenetic alterations","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","Modern intensive care medicine enables survival from previously lethal conditions. Risk of death is mostly attributable to lack of recovery from organ failure. Although intensive care has been practiced for over 6 decades, the understanding of why certain patients recover and others don’t remains very limited. Furthermore, organs and tissues from patients who do not swiftly recover, do not show overt signs of cell death but instead accumulate damaged organelles and protein aggregates and reprogr",{"id":562,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":563,"piName":14,"institution":559,"country":543,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":564},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320683","Development of an artificial information system","Artificial genetic sequences have become an important tool for the development of new therapeutics but may also define a trait of technological innovation. The possibility to synthesize genes, plasmids and chromosomes combined with the possibilities of directed mutagenesis and genetically reprogramming organisms and directing their evolution will become a crucial issue in synthetic biology. The uniformity of genetic alphabets, the universality of the genetic code, the ubiquity of genetic interch",{"id":566,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":567,"piName":14,"institution":559,"country":543,"year":13,"amount":568,"abstract":569},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340324","Nanostructuring graphene and graphitic substrates for controlled and reproducible functionalization","€2,495,740","Graphene is a new class of promising material with exceptional properties and thus warrants a plethora of potential applications in various domains of science and technology. However, due to intrinsic zero bandgap and inherently low solubility, a prerequisite for the use of graphene in several applications is its controlled and reproducible functionalization in a nanostructured fashion. Being a ‘surface-only’ nanomaterial, its properties are extremely sensitive not only to chemical modification ",{"id":571,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":572,"piName":14,"institution":573,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":574,"abstract":575},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324202","The Milking Revolution in Temperate Neolithic Europe","UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL","€2,464,752","This project explores the introduction and spread of cattle-based agriculture by Neolithic Linearbandkeramik (LBK) farmers and its implications for modelling of the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition in Northern and Central Europe beginning ca. 8,000 years ago. This revolutionary shift in human subsistence strategy completely reshaped prehistoric European culture, biology and economy, in ways which underlie modern life virtually worldwide. These changes underpinned the evolution of Lactase Persiste",{"id":577,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":578,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":580},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322936","Dynamics and Homeostasis of Germinal Zones in the Adult Vertebrate Brain","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","Neural stem cells (NSCs) are self-renewing and multipotent progenitors generating neurons and glia in the adult vertebrate brain. The success of NSC maintenance and mobilization varies widely among species, brain territories, pathological conditions and individual environment, with important physiological impacts. On these grounds, our proposal aims to define the cellular, molecular and systems components controlling the formation of NSC-containing GZs and sustaining the dynamics of GZ reservoir",{"id":582,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":583,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":584,"abstract":585},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320594","Tensor Decomposition for Data Analysis with Applications to Health and Environment","€1,500,000","Multi-Way factor Analysis (MWA) is attracting growing interest in many disciplines of engineering, as described in this proposal. Because the applications are much more numerous than those that serve as focus for this project, the tools developed in the framework of the project will have major impact. MWA is probably the simplest extension of the well-known (linear) Factor Analysis. However, despite its extremely wide panel of applications and its apparently simple expression, it still, surprisi",{"id":587,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":588,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":589,"abstract":590},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323027","The Biomechanics of Epithelial Cell and Tissue Morphogenesis","€2,473,313","Tissue morphogenesis is a complex process that emerges from spatially controlled patterns of cell shape changes. Dedicated genetic programmes regulate cell behaviours, exemplified in animals by the specification of apical constriction in invaginating epithelial tissues, or the orientation of cell intercalation during tissue extension. This genetic control is constrained by physical properties of cells that dictate how they can modify their shape. A major challenge is to understand how biochemica",{"id":592,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":593,"piName":14,"institution":594,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":595,"abstract":596},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320478","Toward a new generation of multi-dimensional stellar evolution models: the TOol of the FUture","THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER","€2,499,980","Modelling stars and planets in three dimensions is the holy grail of stellar and planetary astrophysics and is now the necessary step forward in stellar evolution. It is the only way to proceed in order to correctly understand the various physical processes which rule the life of a star or a planet. The heart of the TOFU project is the development of an unique numerical tool, namely a three dimensional, time implicit and fully compressible hydrodynamical code, that allows the multi-dimensional d",{"id":598,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":599,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":600,"abstract":601},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320769","Origins of integrability in AdS\u002FCFT correspondence","€1,456,140","Fundamental interactions in nature are well described by quantum gauge fields in 4 space-time dimensions (4d). When the strength of gauge interaction is weak the Feynman perturbation techniques are very efficient for the description of most of the experimentally observable consequences of the Standard model and for the study of high energy processes in QCD.But in the intermediate and strong coupling regime, such as the relatively small energies in QCD, the perturbation theory fails leaving us wi",{"id":603,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":604,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":605,"abstract":606},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320659","Coupling laser spectroscopy to mass spectrometry and ion mobility: from fundamentals to analytical sciences","€2,489,100","The motivations for studying the gaseous structures of peptides and proteins range from developing efficient methodologies for protein identification and quantification to fundamental understanding of folding processes and biomolecular architectures. Mass spectrometry allows analyzing biomolecular ions in a variety of different forms, for example, as a function of charge state, bound to their targets or in multimers following aggregation. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry is a revolutionary techniq",{"id":608,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":609,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":610,"abstract":611},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324115","New Frontiers of Formal Semantics","€2,490,488","Despite considerable successes in the last 40 years, formal semantics has not quite established itself as a field of great relevance to the broader enterprise of cognitive and social science. Besides the unavoidable technicality of formal semantic theories, there might be two substantive reasons. First, the lingua franca of cognitive science is the issue of the modular decomposition of the mind – but formal semantics has partly moved away from it: the sophisticated logical models of meaning in c",{"id":613,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":614,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":615,"abstract":616},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322788","Meiotic recombination: How, where and why? Mechanisms and Implications","€2,491,899","During meiosis, homologous recombination plays a mechanical role by connecting homologous chromosomes, thus allowing proper chromosome segregation during the first meiotic division. In most species, the absence of meiotic recombination leads to sterility. In addition, recombination generates new combinations of alleles, increases genome diversity and plays a major role in genome evolution.Meiotic recombination is initiated by the programmed induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), but how t",{"id":618,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":619,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":620},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322669","Protist evolution in suboxic worlds","How and when eukaryotes evolved remain major open questions. Also the phylogenetic relationships and the emergence order of major eukaryotic lineages remain unresolved, despite progress in phylogenomic analyses based on genome and transcriptome data across the eukaryotic tree. However, this information is biased towards multicellular taxa. Yet, environmental molecular analyses have uncovered a vast diversity of protists (broadly, microbial eukaryotes), many of which have uncertain phylogenetic p",{"id":622,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":623,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":624,"abstract":625},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324136","When Authoritarianism Fails in the Arab World : Processes and Prospects","€1,909,856","For the first time in decades, ‘Arab revolutions’, ushered in by the 2011 Tunisian and Egyptian experiments, make it possible to seriously envision a phasing out of the autocratic machinery in the Middle East and North Africa.Whatever the end results of this awakening, the glimpse at a post-authoritarian era has already affected domestic and international political dynamics, if only by anticipation. Future is impossible to forecast, since the forces of resistance to change remain, but what can't",{"id":627,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":628,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":629},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321133","Search and study of the Higgs bosons at the LHC","The major issue and the forefront research activity in particle physics todayis the exploration of the mechanism that generates the elementary particlemasses.  In the Standard Model that describes three of the four basic  forces innature - the electromagnetic, weak and strong  interactions - this fundamentalmechanism leads to the existence of a new type of  particle, the Higgs boson,which has escaped detection so far. The discovery of this  particle, which willhave a paramount importance and far",{"id":631,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":632,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":633},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321323","New frOntiers in Galaxy spectrAl modeLing","NEOGAL is an intensive, coordinated effort to explore uncharted territory in the early chemical evolution of galaxies through the development of an innovative set of spectral analysis tools. This will be achieved through the accomplishment of four interdisciplinary projects using state-of-the-art techniques:1. The development of a new approach overcoming the limitations of existing methods, to measure the chemical composition of ionized gas with unknown heavy element abundance ratios in high-red",{"id":635,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":636,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":637,"abstract":638},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320590","Magneto-optics of layered materials: exploring many-body physics in electronic systems with unconventional bands","€1,934,041","The project will explore many-body physics in emergent quantum Hall effect systems (graphitic layers and surface states of topological insulators) and in layered metals of transition metal dichalcogenides using magneto-optical spectroscopy - unconventional for this purpose, but uniquely applicable to these unconventional systems. Studying the inter Landau level excitations (with Raman scattering techniques) in graphene and its bilayer we will test the basic principles of the role of electron-ele",{"id":640,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":641,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":642,"abstract":643},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322708","LEARNING TO SURVIVE IN A CHANGING WORLD","€2,484,000","This project has the ambitious goal of providing new groundbreaking information on a poorly known, yet critical stage of the life of any animal, the EARLYLIFE. The originality and novelty of EARLYLIFE is to combine two fields in ecology generally considered independently: foraging ecology and demography.With the data obtained for a range of marine predators with contrasted life histories I will be in a position to test several long lasting hypotheses in ecology, in particular on the causes of mo",{"id":645,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":646,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":647,"abstract":648},"cordis-european-research-council-award-319067","Introducing Exascale Computing in combustion instabilities Simulations (INTECOCIS)","€2,488,656","INTECOCIS is a project on energy production by combustion built by IMFT (experiments, theory and instabilities) and CERFACS (numerical simulation). Combustion produces 90 percent of the earth energy and will remain our first energy source for a long time. Optimizing combustors is a key issue to burn fossil and renewable fuels more efficiently but also to replace wind or solar energy production on days without sun or wind. This optimization cannot take place without numerical simulation (‘virtual",{"id":650,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":651,"piName":14,"institution":353,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":652,"abstract":653},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320892","Beyond Biopolymers: Protein-Sized Aromatic Amide Functional Foldamers","€2,496,216","Nature has evolved ultimate chemical functions based on controlling and altering conformation of its molecular machinery. Prominent examples include enzyme catalysis and information storage\u002Fduplication in nucleic acids. These achievements are based on large and complex yet remarkably defined structures obtained through folding of polymeric chains and a subtle interplay of non-covalent forces. Nature uses a limited set of building blocks – e.g. twenty amino-acids and four nucleobases – with speci",{"id":655,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":656,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":657,"abstract":658},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322465","Integrative biology of T cells and dendritic cells in vivo.","€2,499,439","T cells probe the surface of dendritic cells (DCs) in search of cues reflecting the antigenic and the inflammatory status of the body tissues. The INTEGRATE project aims at using innovative genetic and proteomic tools to describe under physiological conditions and at the systemic levels the molecular signals that results from the encounter of T cells and DCs and that are at the basis of adaptive immunity. This project is based on a constellation of pilot experiments that support its feasibility.",{"id":660,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":661,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":459,"abstract":662},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320971","Seizing Electron Energies and Dynamics: a seed for the future","Electronic correlation causes a wide range of interesting phenomena,  such as superconductivity or the fractional quantum hall effect. It strongly impacts our surroundings – think about defect creation through a self-trapped exciton, or, in the animal world, the adhesion of a gecko on a surface (through the van der Waals attraction). Although the underlying Coulomb interaction  is « simple » and well understood, a unifying framework is still missing that would allow us to describe, analyze, unde",{"id":664,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":665,"piName":14,"institution":579,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":666,"abstract":667},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323711","Memory Mechanisms in Man and Machine","€2,499,480","The project aims to validate a set of 10 provocative claims. 1) Humans can recognize visual and auditory stimuli that they have not experienced for decades. 2) Recognition is possible without ever reactivating the memory trace in the intervening period. 3) During memorization, sensory memory strength increases roughly linearly with the number of exposures. 4) A few tens of presentations can be enough to form a memory that can last a lifetime. 5) Attention-related oscillatory brain activity helps",{"id":669,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":670,"piName":14,"institution":532,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":671,"abstract":672},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323052","The role of symplastic communication during root development","€2,387,026","The symplastic route composed of plasmodesmata (PD) channels and the transporting phloem tissue (rich in PD) is the major pathway for carbon allocation in plants. How the symplastic transport route is formed during plant ontogeny and what is its significance in conducting and distributing morhogenetic signals to the growing organs is poorly understood at the moment and is addressed here. My laboratory has recently made a breakthrough that facilitates the analysis of symplastic communication. In ",{"id":674,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":675,"piName":14,"institution":676,"country":677,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":678},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322742","Induction of juvenile-like plasticity in the adult brain","HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO","FI","Neuronal networks are tuned to optimally represent external and internal milieu through neuronal plasticity during critical periods of juvenile life.  After the closure of the critical periods, plasticity is considered to be much more limited. In a series of landmark studies, we have shown that critical period-like plasticity can be reactivated in the adult mammalian brain by pharmacological treatment with the antidepressant fluoxetine. These ground-breaking studies establish a new principle, in",{"id":680,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":681,"piName":14,"institution":676,"country":677,"year":13,"amount":682,"abstract":683},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320733","Scattering and absorption of electromagnetic waves in particulate media","€2,749,532","The canonical problem of electromagnetic scattering in complex particulate media is solved numerically using multiple-scattering theory based on the Maxwell equations, with an exact treatment of the leading ladder and cyclical interaction diagrams. The numerical methods are validated using a nanotechnology-based scattering experiment that, simultaneously with the measurement of the full scattering matrix at arbitrary illumination and observation geometries, allows for a detailed physical charact",{"id":685,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":686,"piName":14,"institution":687,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":688,"abstract":689},"cordis-european-research-council-award-295854","Bodies across borders: oral and visual memory in Europe and beyond","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","€1,488,501","This project intends to study intercultural connections in contemporary Europe, engaging both native and ‘new’ Europeans. These connections are woven through the faculties of embodied subjects – memory, visuality and mobility – and concern the movement of people, ideas and images across the borders of European nation-states. These faculties are connected with that of affect, an increasingly important concept in history and the social sciences. Memory will be understood not only as oral or direct",{"id":691,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":692,"piName":14,"institution":693,"country":543,"year":13,"amount":694,"abstract":695},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323030","Mutation and Recombination in the Cattle Germline: Genomic Analysis and Impact on Fertility","UNIVERSITE DE LIEGE","€2,258,000","Mutation and recombination are fundamental biological processes that determine adaptability of populations. The mutation rate reflects the equilibrium between the need to adapt, the burden of mutation load, the “cost of fidelity”, and random drift that determines a lower limit in achievable fidelity. Recombination fulfills an essential mechanistic role during meiosis, ensuring proper chromosomal segregation.  Recombination affects the rate of creation and loss of favorable haplotypes, imposing 2",{"id":697,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":698,"piName":14,"institution":699,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":700,"abstract":701},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324070","Predictive Position Coding","Université Paris Descartes","€1,988,160","Vision gives us enormous adaptive advantage because it allows us to see and react to events before they reach us. This predictive advantage is most obvious for an object in motion where the current trajectory predicts future location. It is equally important when the object’s motion results from the movement of our own eyes. Here our visual system uses knowledge about the upcoming motion of the eyes to predict the future location of the object. In this proposal, we will analyze both instances as",{"id":703,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":704,"piName":14,"institution":705,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":706},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320339","Immunogenic cell death in anticancer therapy","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","We advocate the hypothesis that successful chemotherapeutics can induce a type of tumor cell stress and death that is immunogenic, meaning that the patient’s dying cancer cells serve as a vaccine that stimulates a specific antitumor immune response, which in turn can control (and sometimes even eradicate) residual cancer cells. This is a highly original – and necessarily controversial – “breakthrough” concept since it challenges previous belief that anticancer chemotherapies act solely on the tu",{"id":708,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":709,"piName":14,"institution":705,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":710},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322947","Membranous nephropathy : a model for solving organ-specific auto-immunity (OSAI)","Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a paradigm of organ-specific autoimmune disease which affects the kidney glomerulus, resulting in the formation of immune deposits, complement-mediated proteinuria, and renal failure. My group has recently identified 2 causative antigens (neutral endopeptidase and bovine serum albumin) in children, and 2 predisposing genes HLA-DQA1 and PLA2R1 coding for another antigen in adult MN. However, MN is most likely more complex, involving several antigen-antibody systems ",{"id":712,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":713,"piName":14,"institution":705,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":714},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322856","Deciphering the regulatory T cell repertoire: towards biomarkers and biotherapies for autoimmune diseases","The discovery of regulatory T cells (Tregs) is a breakthrough in immunology: it revolutionises our understanding of autoimmune disease (AID) pathophysiology and treatment opportunities. Treg numbers or function is defective in most mouse and human AIDs and their restoration induces clinical improvement, as we recently showed using low-dose IL-2 to induce Tregs in patients with AID.The TRiPoD project is based on 3 well supported assertions:- Tregs have huge therapeutic potential- Deep understandi",{"id":716,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":717,"piName":14,"institution":705,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":718,"abstract":719},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322821","Molecular Plasticity of Inhibitory Synapses","€2,429,640","Neurons maintain a precise organization of their membrane into sub-domains with specific molecular compositions, together with the capacity to change it in response to plasticity events. However, as seen with the tracking of single molecules, receptors in the plasma membrane continuously exchange between synaptic and extrasynaptic locations. Interactions between neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic scaffold proteins control the distribution of receptors at synaptic and extrasynaptic sites",{"id":721,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":722,"piName":14,"institution":723,"country":458,"year":13,"amount":724,"abstract":725},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321319","Electron Spectroscopy using Ultra Brilliant X-rays - a program for the advancement of state-of-the-art instrumentation and science","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","€2,486,128","The progress of materials science depends critically on the access to advanced characterization methods. During the last decades there has been an almost revolutionary development of modern X-ray based tools. We are today at a turning point in the development of synchrotron radiation based electron spectroscopy, where the program of the PI has maintained a leading position since 20 years. New techniques are evolving parallel to the development of a new generation of ultra-brilliant synchrotron r",{"id":727,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":728,"piName":14,"institution":74,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":729},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322820","Understanding and exploiting complex glycan metabolism in the human microbiota","The human large bowel is colonized by a community of microbes, the microbiota, which has a significant impact on human health and nutrition through the production of short chain fatty acids, and by interactions with the host immune system. The major nutrients available to these organisms are dietary glycans that are not metabolized by mammalian enzymes in the small intestines. Dietary and nutraceutical strategies can, potentially, be deployed to encourage the dominance of beneficial microbes in ",{"id":731,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":732,"piName":14,"institution":733,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":734,"abstract":735},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321122","Sound-Light Manipulation in the Terahertz","UNIVERSITA DI PISA","€2,180,306","The interaction of electromagnetic radiation with the mechanical vibrations of solids affects and determines many different physical phenomena. At the microscopic level, scattering of light with phonon excitations is a well known process exploited in semiconductor devices like Raman amplifiers and acousto-optic modulators. At the macroscopic scale, the interaction is mediated by the radiation pressure and is raising considerable interest as a way to excite and control mechanical oscillators, all",{"id":737,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":738,"piName":14,"institution":739,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":740,"abstract":741},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324055","Family life courses, intergenerational exchanges and later life health","LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE","€1,423,110","The overall aim of this research programme is to uncover how family life courses influence health and well-being in later adulthood, whether family related strengths or disadvantages relevant to health offset or compound socio-economic sources of disadvantage, and the extent to which these associations are influenced by societal factors. An important element will be to consider the role of intergenerational influences, including support flows. The geographical focus will be on Europe and the met",{"id":743,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":744,"piName":14,"institution":745,"country":746,"year":13,"amount":747,"abstract":748},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324085","The Macroeconomics of Inequality, Development and the Welfare State","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","NO","€2,154,647","This project will develop macro models with heterogeneity across people and firms to understand the consequences of two profound macro trends: the economic transformation of China and the rising cross-sectional inequality in many countries. The ultimate aim is to help these models become everyday tools in macro, development\u002Flabor economics, and actual policy making.Inequality and human capital accumulation is an important theme. I will develop tractable models of the equity-efficiency tradeoffs ",{"id":750,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":751,"piName":14,"institution":745,"country":746,"year":13,"amount":752,"abstract":753},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324249","The medieval plagues: ecology, transmission modalities and routes of the infections","€2,497,315","The history of late medieval and early modern Europe was deeply affected by epidemics of plague that repeatedly broke out until 1750 AD and caused devastation and death with severe social, political and economic consequences. For decades, historians and scientists have been interested in the ancient pestilences and disputed their origin and epidemiology. One century ago, Yersinia pestis was identified as the causative agent of the current-day pandemic. Only some months ago the MedPlag team concl",{"id":755,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":756,"piName":14,"institution":745,"country":746,"year":13,"amount":757,"abstract":758},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320816","Global Glacier Mass Continuity","€2,395,320","For the first time in history satellite data and respective archive holdings are now sufficient in terms of their spatial and temporal resolution, and their accuracy, to measure volume changes, velocities and changes in these velocities over time for glaciers and ice caps other than ice sheets on a global scale.The ICEMASS project will derive and analyse glacier thickness changes using satellite laser and radar altimetry, and satellite-derived and other digital elevation models, and convert thes",{"id":760,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":761,"piName":14,"institution":762,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":763,"abstract":764},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320689","Biologically-Inspired Massively-Parallel Computation","THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","€2,399,761","We aim to establish a world-leading research capability in Europe for advancing novel models of asynchronous computation based upon principles inspired by brain function. This work will accelerate progress towards an understanding of how the potential of brain-inspired many-core architectures may be harnessed. The results will include new brain-inspired models of asynchronous computation and new brain- inspired approaches to fault-tolerance and reliability in complex computer systems.Many-core p",{"id":766,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":767,"piName":14,"institution":762,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":768,"abstract":769},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320879","Innovative Materials Processing Using Non-Equilibrium Plasmas","€2,499,283","Current bulk materials processing methods are nearing their limit in terms of ability to produce innovative materials with compositional and structural consistency.The aim of this ambitious project is to remove barriers to materials development, by researching novel methods for the processing of engineering materials, using advanced non-equilibrium plasma systems, to achieve a paradigm shift in the field of materials synthesis. These new processes have the potential to overcome the constraints o",{"id":771,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":772,"piName":14,"institution":762,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":134,"abstract":773},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320576","Lego-Style Materials, Structures and Devices Assembled on Demand from Isolated Atomic Planes","Following the advent of graphene with its wide range of unique properties, several other one-atom-thick crystals have been isolated and their preliminary studies have been undertaken. They range from semiconducting monolayers of MoS2 and NbSe2, which similar to graphene exhibit the electric field effect and relatively high electronic quality, to wide-gap insulators such as boron-nitride monolayers that can serve as atomically-thin tunnel barriers.This library of two-dimensional crystals opens a ",{"id":775,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":776,"piName":14,"institution":279,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":777,"abstract":778},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320737","CHEMometric and High-throughput Omics Analytical Methods for Assessment of Global Change Effects on Environmental and Biological Systems","€2,454,280","We propose to develop new chemometric and high-throughput analytical methods to assess the effects of environmental and climate changes on target biological systems which are representative of ecosystems. This project will combine powerful chemometric and analytical high-throughput methodologies with toxicological tests to examine the effects of environmental stressors (like chemical pollution) and of climate change (like temperature, water scarcity or food shortage), on genomic and metabonomic ",{"id":780,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":781,"piName":14,"institution":279,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":782,"abstract":783},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322694","Common molecular pathways in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and left-right asymmetries","€2,460,000","The majority of animals show an external bilateral symmetry, precluding the observation of multiple internal left-right (L\u002FR) asymmetries which are fundamental for organ packaging and function. A prominent molecular pathway converging on and downstream of the Pitx2 transcription factor confers left-handed information in the left side of the embryo, with players expressed on the right ensuring that the left determinants are excluded. Therefore, conferring or excluding left identity in left and ri",{"id":785,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":786,"piName":14,"institution":279,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":787,"abstract":788},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323316","Conversion, Overlapping Religiosities, Polemics, Interaction: Early Modern Iberia and Beyond","€2,498,026","In an early sixteenth-century treatise Martín de Figuerola, a convert from Islam who sought to convince the Muslims of Valencia and Aragon to join him, reports a story he claims to have heard from the Muslim judge of Cocentaina (Valencia). The latter had told him that, in marriage contracts between local Muslims, it was customary for women to demand that their husbands take them to the capital city of Valencia for the springtime festivities of Corpus Christi and those of the Virgin Mary in Augus",{"id":790,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":791,"piName":14,"institution":532,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":792},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322817","Axon survival: the role of protein synthesis","Neurons make long-distance connections with synaptic targets via axons. These axons survive throughout the lifetime of an organism, often many years in mammals, yet how axons are maintained is not fully understood. Recently, we provided in vivo evidence that local mRNA translation in mature axons is required for their maintenance. This new finding, along with in vitro work from other groups, indicates that promoting axonal protein synthesis is a key mechanism by which trophic factors act to prev",{"id":794,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":795,"piName":14,"institution":796,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":797,"abstract":798},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323343","The Cultural Politics of Dirt in Africa, 1880 - present","THE UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX","€2,209,800","Dirt permeates everyday life in urban Africa, but it is more than an empirical substance: dirt is also an idea—or a complex set of representations—that shapes local perceptions of sexuality and the body, and influences people’s attitudes towards waste, recycling, urbanisation, ethnicity and migration. Dirt is a vital category for understanding urban cultures in Africa, and it has a history that has yet to be examined in detail. Besides the work of epidemiologists and occasional anthropological a",{"id":800,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":801,"piName":14,"institution":802,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":803,"abstract":804},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320873","SOX: Short distance neutrino Oscillations with BoreXino","ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE","€3,451,600","We propose to realize an experiment sensitive to a large fraction of the parameter space for short distance neutrino flavor oscillations into sterile components.The experiment aims at the clear and unambiguous discovery, or at the definitive disproof, of the so called neutrino anomalies, a set of circumstantial evidences of electron neutrino disappearance at short distance from the source observed by several experiments. The interpretation of the anomalies as oscillations into sterile neutrino c",{"id":806,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":807,"piName":14,"institution":594,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":808,"abstract":809},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323195","The causes of hyperglycaemia in the face of rising obesity","€2,007,925","The aim of this proposal is to make a major advance in understanding why some people develop diabetes despite relative leanness and why others maintain normal glucose levels despite obesity. My vision is that human genetics and the ability to study humans will provide a major leap in understanding disease mechanisms. We will use state of the art resources in genomics, metabolomics, and large human biobanks to study three stages in life that may influence predisposition to diabetes independently ",{"id":811,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":812,"piName":14,"institution":594,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":813,"abstract":814},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324186","A Process Ontology for Contemporary Biology","€1,946,147","This project aims, first, to rethink central issues in the philosophy of biology by elaborating an ontology for biology that takes full account of the processual nature of living systems as an interacting hierarchy of processes at diverse spatial and temporal scales.  The concept of a stable biological thing will be analysed as a stabilised process relative to an appropriate time scale, and this conception should make possible a better understanding of familiar biological pluralisms (about genes",{"id":816,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":817,"piName":14,"institution":818,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":431,"abstract":819},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322809","Time, space and speed: cdGMP signaling in cell behavior and reproduction","UNIVERSITAT BASEL","Bacterial biofilms are the primary cause of chronic infections and of resulting infection relapses. To be able to interfere with bacterial persistence it is vital to understand the molecular details of biofilm formation and to define how motile planktonic cells transit into surface-grown communities. The nucleotide second messenger cyclic di-guanosinemonophosphate (cdGMP) has emerged as a central regulatory factor governing bacterial surface adaptation and biofilm formation. Although cdGMP signa",{"id":821,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":822,"piName":14,"institution":818,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":823,"abstract":824},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321263","FaInt Supernovae and Hypernovae: Mechanism and Nucleosynthesis","€1,929,075","Massive stars of 8-140M⊙ undergo core-collapse at the end of their evolution, leading to a central neutron star or possibly a black hole. Stars in the mass range of 140-260M⊙ have been expected to experience thermonuclear explosions, known in the literature as pair instability supernovae (PISNe). More massive objects will form black holes during their final collapse. If these events lead to ejecta, they will have experienced explosive burning, possibly under the strong influence of interactions ",{"id":826,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":827,"piName":14,"institution":828,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":829,"abstract":830},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323323","Sovereigns as Trustees of Humanity: The Obligations of Nations in an Era of Global Interdependence","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€1,405,200","Should sovereign governments be accountable only to their citizens or should they also consider the welfare of foreign stakeholders? Traditional doctrines on state sovereignty and citizenship offer a generally negative answer: Absent a specific, voluntarily accepted, treaty-based commitment, sovereign governments usually have no obligation to weigh foreigners’ interests. This traditional vision conceptualizes sovereigns as Janus-faced: Their public face is for domestic stakeholders to whom they ",{"id":832,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":833,"piName":14,"institution":828,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":834,"abstract":835},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321174","Verifying and Synthesizing Software Compositions","€1,577,200","One of the first things a programmer must commit to in developing any significant piece of software is the representation of the data. In applications where performance or memory consumption is important, this representation is often quite complex: the data may be indexed in multiple ways and use a variety of concrete, interlinked data structures. The current situation, in which programmers either directly write these data structures themselves or use a standard data structure library, leads to ",{"id":837,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":838,"piName":14,"institution":828,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":839,"abstract":840},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320755","Arithmetic and Quantum Chaos","€1,714,000","Quantum Chaos is an emerging discipline which is crossing over from Physics into Pure Mathematics. The recent crossover is driven in part by a connection with Number Theory. This project explores several aspects of this interrelationship and is composed of a number of sub-projects. The sub-projects deal with: statistics of energy levels and wave functions of pseudo-integrable systems, a hitherto unexplored subject in the mathematical community which is not well understood in the physics communit",{"id":842,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":843,"piName":14,"institution":828,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":844,"abstract":845},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338809","Symplectic topology and its interactions: from dynamics to quantization","€1,787,200","The proposed research belongs to symplectic topology, a rapidly developingfield of mathematics which originally appeared as a geometric tool for problems of classical mechanics. Since the 1980ies, new powerful methods such as theory of pseudo-holomorphic curves, Morse-Floer theory on loop spaces, symplectic field theory and mirror symmetry changed the face of the field and put it at the crossroads of several mathematical disciplines. In this proposal I develop function theory on symplectic manif",{"id":847,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":848,"piName":14,"institution":849,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":850,"abstract":851},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322865","Regulation and Function of CARD9 \u002F BCL10 \u002F MALT1 Signalosomes in Innate Immunity and Inflammation","KLINIKUM RECHTS DER ISAR DER TECHNISCHEN UNIVERSITAT MUNCHEN","€2,440,200","Acute inflammation is a response to infection or tissue damage that is critical for host protection and tissue homeostasis. However, deregulated or chronic inflammation is harmful to the host and can cause multiple diseases including inflammatory bowel disease, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular diseases, neuroinflammatory disease and cancer. Cells of the innate immune system sense microbial or sterile danger via pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Subsequently, these PRRs engage intracellul",{"id":853,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":854,"piName":14,"institution":855,"country":856,"year":13,"amount":857,"abstract":858},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321315","Building Integrated Dye Sensitized Solar Cells","UNIVERSIDADE DO PORTO","PT","€1,989,300","In the last decade, solar and photovoltaic (PV) technologies have emerged as a potentially major technology for power generation in the world. So far the PV field has been dominated by silicon devices, even though this technology is still expensive.Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) are an important type of thin-film photovoltaics due to their potential for low-cost fabrication and versatile applications, and because their aesthetic appearance, semi-transparency and different color possibilities.T",{"id":860,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":861,"piName":14,"institution":862,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":327,"abstract":863},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323180","Innovative Modelling to Optimise Control of Childhood Anaemia across Africa","SCHWEIZERISCHES TROPEN UND PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUT","Anaemia affects two-third of all preschool-aged children in Africa. Malnutrition, malaria and helminth infections are among the main factors contributing to anaemia in this age group, however their relative contribution across the continent is not well understood. Spatially explicit estimates of anaemia risk are important measures of child morbidity and mortality.The goal of the project is to develop Bayesian geostatistical methodology for very large, non-stationary data and employ it to  (i) de",{"id":865,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":866,"piName":14,"institution":867,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":868},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323677","KNOWING FROM THE INSIDE: ANTHROPOLOGY, ART, ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN","THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN","This project promises to reconfigure the relation between the practice of academic inquiry in the human sciences and the knowledge to which it gives rise. Conventional research protocols expect the scholar to treat the world as reserve from which to draw empirical material for subsequent interpretation in light of appropriate theory. Against this, we will establish and trial an alternative procedure whereby theory is not applied after the fact, to a corpus of material already gathered, but rathe",{"id":870,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":871,"piName":14,"institution":872,"country":873,"year":13,"amount":874,"abstract":875},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321160","Cognitive Networks for Intelligent Materials and Devices","THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN","IE","€2,497,125","COGnitive NETwork (COGNET) is a new technology platform for materials, sensor and device design that exploits unique and hitherto unrecognised properties of random nanowire (NW) networks. These networks—comprised of metallic or semiconducting NWs connected to each other via junctions with controllably random property distributions—lead to new and unexpected levels of connectivity that are inherently scale dependent, creating opportunities for entirely new kinds of self-organised materials and de",{"id":877,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":878,"piName":14,"institution":872,"country":873,"year":13,"amount":879,"abstract":880},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322656","A radical approach for improved glaucoma treatment","€2,499,838","Open angle glaucoma (OAG) is the second leading cause of world blindness. Treatments involving topically applied pressure-reducing medications or surgery targeting ocular drainage channels are effective, although significant complications exist. We propose to address the hypothesis that it is possible to develop a radical approach to management of intraocular pressure employing an AAV-mediated system for increasing the permeability of Schlemm’s canal endothelial cells (SCEC), based on published ",{"id":882,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":883,"piName":14,"institution":884,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":885,"abstract":886},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320501","Geometric analysis in the Euclidean space","UNIVERSITAT AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA","€1,105,930","We propose to study different questions in the area of the so called geometric analysis. Most of the topics we are interested in deal with the connection between the behavior of singular integrals and the geometry of sets and measures. The study of this connection has been shown to be extremely helpful in the solution of certain long standing problems in the last years, such as the solution of the Painlev\\'e problem or the obtaining of the optimal distortion bounds for quasiconformal mappings by",{"id":888,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":889,"piName":14,"institution":890,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":891,"abstract":892},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323020","Species range shifts, aboveground-belowground community reassembly and consequences for ecosystem functioning","KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN - KNAW","€1,960,000","Climate warming promotes intra-continental range shifts of plants, animals and microbes from lower to higher latitudes and altitudes. Plants may shift their ranges independent of their co-evolved aboveground and belowground biota, however little is known about how these communities re-assemble in the new range and how that process influences community dynamics and ecosystem functioning. Thus far, predictions on species occurrences have been based exclusively on how niche conditions shift to high",{"id":894,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":895,"piName":14,"institution":890,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":896,"abstract":897},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324178","Contexts of Opportunity: Explaining Cross-National Variation in the Links Between Childhood Disadvantage, Young Adult Demographic Behaviour and Later-Life Outcomes","€1,545,000","In an era of worldwide increasing inequalities, key social science issues about the production and reproduction of social inequality gain renewed attention. One central issue is the role played by demographic events and trajectories in producing and reproducing inequalities. This proposal examines this issue by studying the relationships between the experience of childhood social disadvantage, demographic decision-making during young adulthood and later-life economic, social and health outcomes ",{"id":899,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":900,"piName":14,"institution":901,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":902,"abstract":903},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322493","Exploring enhancers’ Achilles Heel","STICHTING HET NEDERLANDS KANKER INSTITUUT-ANTONI VAN LEEUWENHOEK ZIEKENHUIS","€2,176,840","Enhancers are genomic domains that regulate transcription of distantly located genes and that are characterized by specific chromatin signatures of histone methylation and acetylation patterns. Interestingly, RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) binds to a subset of enhancers and produces transcripts, called enhancer RNAs (eRNAs). These are produced bi-directionally and, in contrast to mRNAs and many other non-coding RNAs, are not polyadenylated. Generally, the transcription of eRNAs was shown to positive",{"id":905,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":906,"piName":14,"institution":907,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":908,"abstract":909},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323861","Tin Isotopes and the Sources of Bronze Age Tin in the Old World","RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG","€2,340,800","This multidisciplinary project comprising archaeology, history, geochemistry, and geology aims at the decipherment of the enigma of the origin of a material that emerged in the third millennium BCE and gave an entire cultural epoch its name, namely the alloy of copper and tin called bronze. While copper deposits are relatively widely distributed there are only very few tin deposits known in the Old World (Europe, the Mediterranean basin and southwest Asia). Since the late 19th century archaeolog",{"id":911,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":912,"piName":14,"institution":913,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":914,"abstract":915},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320559","Active large-scale learning for visual recognition","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","€2,493,322","A massive and ever growing amount of digital image and video contentis available today, on sites such asFlickr and YouTube, in audiovisual archives such as those of BBC andINA, and in personal collections. In most cases, it comes withadditional information, such as text, audio or other metadata, that forms arather sparse and noisy, yet rich and diverse source of annotation,ideally suited to emerging weakly supervised and active machinelearning technology. The ALLEGRO project will take visual rec",{"id":917,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":918,"piName":14,"institution":913,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":919,"abstract":920},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321135","Creating Co-Adaptive Human-Computer Partnerships","€2,458,996","CREATIV explores how the concept of co-adaptation can revolutionize the design and use of interactive software. Co-adaptation is theparallel phenomenon in which users both adapt their behavior to the system’s constraints, learning its power and idiosyncrasies, andappropriate the system for their own needs, often using it in ways unintended by the system designer.A key insight in designing for co-adaptation is that we can encapsulate interactions and treat them as first class objects, called inte",{"id":922,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":923,"piName":14,"institution":924,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":925,"abstract":926},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323777","Universalism, universal design and equitable access to the designed environment","GOLDSMITHS' COLLEGE","€853,739","The proposed research examines the proposition that the values and attitudes embedded into the production of the designed environment display little or no knowledge of how to respond to the manifold complexities of the body. This will be explored through the context of disability and design, with the focus on assessing the relevance of the principles and practices of one of the foremost, contemporary, design movements, Universal Design (UD), and how it addresses the problems of\u002Ffor impaired bodi",{"id":928,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":929,"piName":14,"institution":930,"country":931,"year":13,"amount":932,"abstract":933},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320731","Methods for Quantum Computing","LATVIJAS UNIVERSITATE","LV","€1,360,980","Quantum information science (QIS) is a young research area at the frontier of both computer science and physics. It studies what happens when we apply the principles of quantum  mechanics to problems in computer science and information processing. This has resulted in many unexpected discoveries and opened up new frontiers.Quantum algorithms (such as Shor’s factoring algorithm) can solve computational problems that are intractable for conventional computers.  Quantum mechanics also enables quant",{"id":935,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":936,"piName":14,"institution":937,"country":677,"year":13,"amount":938,"abstract":939},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340748","Condensation in designed systems","AALTO KORKEAKOULUSAATIO SR","€1,559,608","Quantum coherent phenomena, especially marcoscopic quantum coherence, are among the most striking predictions of quantum mechanics. They have lead to remarkable applications such as lasers and modern optical technologies, and in the future, breakthroughs such as quantum information processing are envisioned. Macroscopic quantum coherence is manifested in Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC), superfluidity, and superconductivity, which have been observed in a variety of systems and continue to be at ",{"id":941,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":942,"piName":14,"institution":943,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":944,"abstract":945},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320774","Nanosized porous molecular metal oxides with functionalizable cavities and soft matter behaviour allow studies of new phenomena","UNIVERSITAET BIELEFELD","€1,128,400","It is generally accepted that nano materials “will revolutionize our industries and our lives” (Nobel laureate R. Smalley). We wish to extend our work on unique metal-oxide nano materials, which offer signposting routes due to their structures\u002Fforms – like our worldwide highlighted and used spherical capsules with 20 gated pores – to study novel phenomena with impact for basic research as well as applications. These nano materials should now be adjusted regarding size, chemical composition, thei",{"id":947,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":948,"piName":14,"institution":949,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":522,"abstract":950},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321305","Advanced Measurement and Control of Exciton Diffusion for Next Generation Organic Semiconductor Optoelectronics","THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS","There is great interest in organic materials with semiconducting electronic properties.  This arises from both a scientific point of view (how can a plastic be a semiconductor?) and a technological point of view as these materials can be used to make light-emitting diodes, lasers and solar cells.  The performance of all these devices is strongly affected by exciton diffusion, a process that is little studied or understood (particularly compared with charge transport) largely because of the lack ",{"id":952,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":953,"piName":14,"institution":954,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":955,"abstract":956},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321217","Programming Abstractions for Applications in Cloud Environments","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT DARMSTADT","€2,280,998","Cloud computing is changing our perception of computing: The Internet is becoming the computer and the software: (a) vast data centers and computing power are available via the Internet (infrastructure as a service), (b) software is available via the Internet as a service (software as a service). Building on the promise of unlimited processing\u002Fstorage power, applications today process big amounts of data scattered over the cloud and react to events happening across the cloud. Software services m",{"id":958,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":959,"piName":14,"institution":573,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":960,"abstract":961},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321209","Isotopic records of solar nebula evolution and controls on planetary compositions","€3,425,271","This project has three linked strands that will combine to constrain the birth environment of the solar system and the nebular processes that shape bulk planetary compositions.   Firstly, I will use ultra-high precision isotope ratio measurements in bulk meteorites to determine the stellar origin of the pre-solar of material that controls the gross compositional differences between planetary bodies. Secondly I will identify the mineralogical hosts of this isotopic variability, using in situ lase",{"id":963,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":964,"piName":14,"institution":965,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":966,"abstract":967},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323439","Long-Run Effects of Education Interventions: Evidence from Randomized Trials","THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM","€1,519,000","The vast majority of published research on the impact of school interventions has examined their effects on short-run outcomes, primarily test scores. While important, a possibly deeper question of interest to society is the impact of such interventions on long-run life outcomes. This is a critical question because the ultimate goal of education is to improve lifetime well-being. Recent research has begun to look at this issue but much work remains to be done, particularly with regard to the lon",{"id":969,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":970,"piName":14,"institution":971,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":972},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321141","Magnetohydrodynamic Wave Diagnostics of the Solar Atmosphere in the Era of Transformative High-Resolution Observations","UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK","Funding is sought for a 5-year project supporting two postdoctoral research assistants and two 4-year PhD studentships to carry out a research programme on qualitative advances of our understanding of basic physical processes operating in the atmosphere of the Sun. This will be accomplished by the use of the unprecedented high-resolution data obtained with the new generation of solar space missions, which allow us to fully implement the novel technique for plasma diagnostics, based upon magnetoh",{"id":974,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":975,"piName":14,"institution":971,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":976},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320964","White Dwarfs as Tracers of Stellar, Binary and Planetary Evolution","The vast majority of all stars in the Galaxy will evolve, or already have evolved, into white dwarfs, Earth-sized stellar embers sustained by electron degeneracy, and the study of white dwarfs is essential to many aspects of our understanding regarding the evolution of single and binary stars and of planetary systems. However, because of their intrinsic faintness, the known population of galactic white dwarfs is extremely fragmentary, in fact, we do not even have a complete census of white dwarf",{"id":978,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":979,"piName":14,"institution":971,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":980,"abstract":981},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320977","Stochasticity in Spatially Extended Deterministic Systems and via Homogenization of Deterministic Fast-Slow Systems","€1,577,880","Ergodic theory is the analysis of probabilistic or statistical aspects of deterministic systems.   Roughly speaking, deterministic systems are those that evolve without any randomness.   Nevertheless, the probabilistic approach is appropriate since specific trajectories are unpredictable in “chaotic” systems.  At the other extreme, stochastic systems evolve in a random manner by assumption.One of the main topics of this proposal is to investigate how separation of time scales can cause a fast-sl",{"id":983,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":984,"piName":14,"institution":985,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":986,"abstract":987},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320821","Fundamental Studies of the Sources, Properties and Environmental Behaviour of  Exhaust Nanoparticles from Road Vehicles","THE UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM","€2,394,959","Despite intensive abatement efforts, airborne particulate matter remains a major public health issue with costs across the European Union estimated at 600 billion euros in 2005.  Road traffic remains one of the major sources of particulate matter, and diesel emissions are by far the largest source of atmospheric nanoparticles in urban areas.  Semi-volatile organic compounds emitted largely in the condensed matter phase are a major component of diesel emissions, and as primary particles are advec",{"id":989,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":990,"piName":14,"institution":991,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":992,"abstract":993},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323009","Novel anaerobes for a biobased economy","WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY","€2,494,592","Our current society depends on many natural resources, and the availability of these natural resources (minerals, fossil fuels) is becoming more and more limited. The challenge of a sustainable and biobased economy is to develop innovative technologies to recover and reuse minerals and energy-rich compounds from waste streams and non-food agricultural crops. Microorganisms can be exploited for biotechnological purposes.The aim of this project is to study novel anaerobic microorganisms that:1.  D",{"id":995,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":996,"piName":14,"institution":997,"country":88,"year":13,"amount":998,"abstract":999},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321310","Personal Cryptography","IBM RESEARCH GMBH","€2,467,700","The amount of personal data stored in digital form has grown tremendously. All aspects of our lives are concerned. Our data include family pictures, insurance documents, bills and receipts, health records, cryptographic keys, electronic identities, certificates, and passwords. We store and process them on several personal devices as well as in the cloud via services such as Flickr or Facebook. Managing these data is challenging: they have to be updated, backed up, synchronised across devices, an",{"id":1001,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1002,"piName":14,"institution":1003,"country":458,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1004},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321125","Waveguide-type semiconductor integrated circuits (ICs) in gaps between conducting surfaces with texture – architecture, electromagnetic modeling and micromachining","CHALMERS TEKNISKA HOGSKOLA AB","In order to explore and exploit the frequency range from 30 GHz up to THz, new types of transmission lines and semiconductor architectures are needed. Conventional microwave technologies that are commonly used below 30 GHz become either too lossy or are too expensive to manufacture, and technologies used in the optical regime are not usable either. The intermediate frequency band is therefore often referred to as the THz gap, indicating the lack of commercialize-able technologies there.Professor",{"id":1006,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1007,"piName":14,"institution":1008,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1009},"cordis-european-research-council-award-322725","Overpowering helminth-mediated immune-modulation is a route towards vaccine development against these major animal pathogens","THE QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY OF BELFAST","Helminth (worm) pathogens cause >55% of all animal diseases which result in enormous losses to the global agricultural economy. Since the use of chemical products to treat worms is not sustainable in the long term because of the continual emergence of drug-resistant parasites and consumer concerns about what they eat, control by vaccines is the most appropriate way forward. However, there are presently no vaccines for any animal or human helminth pathogen.We hypothesise that the ability of helmi",{"id":1011,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1012,"piName":14,"institution":1013,"country":49,"year":13,"amount":1014,"abstract":1015},"cordis-european-research-council-award-324211","Families in context: Unraveling the ways in which policy, economic, and cultural contexts structure generational interdependencies in families and their life outcomes","ERASMUS UNIVERSITEIT ROTTERDAM","€2,179,862","Recognizing that in ageing societies many parents are also children, even grandchildren, in a multi-generational structure, the project has generational interdependencies in families as its unifying theme. Interdependencies exist when family members are emotionally, financially, practically, and morally reliant on and responsible to each other. The project’s main objective is to unravel the ways in which policy, economic, and cultural contexts structure intergenerational dependencies in families",{"id":1017,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1018,"piName":14,"institution":1019,"country":238,"year":13,"amount":1020,"abstract":1021},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323085","Attine ANT SymbiomeS","KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET","€2,290,102","The attine fungus-growing ants are prime models for understanding phenotypic adaptations in social evolution and symbiosis. The mutualism has many hallmarks of advanced cooperation in its mating system commitments and functional complementarity between multiple symbiont partners, but potential conflicts between sexes and castes over reproductive priorities, and between hosts and symbionts over symbiont mixing have also been documented.  With collaborators at BGI-Shenzhen and the Smithsonian Inst",{"id":1023,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1024,"piName":14,"institution":1019,"country":238,"year":13,"amount":1025,"abstract":1026},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321717","SITE-SPECIFIC DNA REPLICATION PERTURBATION AND ITS EFFECTS ON CHROMOSOME SEGREGATION","€2,456,760","Challenges to the stable maintenance of the human genome can come from both endogenous and exogenoussources. However, one of the major threats to genome stability occurs during normal DNA metabolism. Thegenome is particularly susceptible to perturbation during the S-phase of the cell cycle when DNA replicationoccurs. This is because DNA replication forks can encounter chemical adducts, DNA secondary structures,topological constraints or bound proteins that hinder their progression. In actively p",{"id":1028,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1029,"piName":14,"institution":1019,"country":238,"year":13,"amount":1030,"abstract":1031},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321029","The Mathematics of the Structure of Matter","€1,465,016","The objective of the proposed research in mathematical physics is to study the quantum theory of matter from a mathematical perspective.  We will consider systems ranging from the tiny scale of atoms over macroscopic everyday matter to the gigantic scale of stars. Despite the range in scale, these systems may all be described by many-body quantum physics. Our aim is to rigorously understand their stability and structure, in particular, exotic phenomena such as Bose-Einstein condensation, superco",{"id":1033,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1034,"piName":14,"institution":1019,"country":238,"year":13,"amount":1035,"abstract":1036},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323034","Light-driven Chemical Synthesis using Cytochrome P450s","€2,499,699","The goal of this proposed research initiative is to engineer chloroplasts into production units for high value bio-active natural products. The first aim is to re-route the biosynthetic pathways for these compounds into the chloroplast and to boost compound formation by optimizing and channeling reducing power from photosystem I into to the energy demanding steps. By these measures we aim to overcome the inherent limitations in plants to channel photosynthetic fixed carbon and reducing power dir",{"id":1038,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1039,"piName":14,"institution":1040,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":1041,"abstract":1042},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320723","Advancing computational chemistry with new accurate, robust and scalable electronic structure methods","UNIVERSITY OF STUTTGART","€2,454,000","The objective of this proposal is to tackle two of the greatest challenges in quantum chemistry: (i) extending the applicability of highly accurate wave function methods to large molecular systems, and (ii) developing accurate and robust multi-reference methods that can be used for studying important but very difficult problems in transition metal chemistry, catalysis, and photochemistry. Solutions to these problems have now come within reach due to three advances we recently reported: first, th",{"id":1044,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1045,"piName":14,"institution":1040,"country":62,"year":13,"amount":1046,"abstract":1047},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321331","Complex Plasmonics at the Ultimate Limit: Single Particle and Single Molecule Level","€2,000,000","Nano-optical investigations using plasmonic resonances have revolutionized optics in the last few years. The ability to concentrate light in subwavelength dimensions and to locally enhance the strength of the electromagnetic field in a tailored fashion opened several new fields in materials research, such as tailoring the linear and nonlinear properties of optical materials at will. So-called metamaterials allow now to design and realize unprecedented optical properties on the submicrometer leve",{"id":1049,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1050,"piName":14,"institution":1051,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1052},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321302","Characterising the interstellar medium of bright, lensed, star-forming galaxies across cosmic time","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","The physical conditions of molecular gas in galaxies, and the impact of star formation and AGN on these conditions and on the emergent stellar IMF, are overarching themes in astrophysics. We are entering an era where numerical simulations of turbulent molecular gas can be informed and constrained by observations of such gas. I propose to investigate, theoretically and observationally, the impact of merger-driven star formation during a vital period in cosmic history, 1 \u003C z \u003C 3, when much of toda",{"id":1054,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1055,"piName":14,"institution":1051,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":1056,"abstract":1057},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320823","Rule-Based Modelling","€2,084,316","The purpose of this research programme is to contribute to the solution of a major problem in today’s systems biology: namely, the difficulty to bring mechanistic modelling to bear on full scale systems. Statistical, and experimental techniques have scaled up considerably in the last two decades. Mechanistic modelling, on the other hand, is still confined in much smaller scales. Witness the painstakingly slow scaling up of cellular signalling models, despite their central role in cell response. ",{"id":1059,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1060,"piName":14,"institution":1051,"country":75,"year":13,"amount":1061,"abstract":1062},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320974","Combinatorial methods in noncommutative ring theory.","€1,406,551","As noted by T Y Lam in his book, A first course in noncommutative rings, noncommutative ring theory is a fertile meeting ground for group theory (group rings), representation theory (modules), functional analysis (operator algebras), Lie theory (enveloping algebras), algebraic geometry (finitely generated algebras, differential operators), noncommutative algebraic geometry (graded domains), arithmetic (orders, Brauer groups), universal algebra (co-homology of rings, projective modules) and quant",{"id":1064,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1065,"piName":14,"institution":1066,"country":543,"year":13,"amount":1067,"abstract":1068},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320680","Epitaxial thin-film organic semiconductor crystals and devices","INTERUNIVERSITAIR MICRO-ELECTRONICA CENTRUM","€2,499,408","Today, organic semiconductor devices are severely limited by the strong disorder in the amorphous or polycrystalline semiconductor films. This disorder is in fact due to the nature of the films, and is NOT an intrinsic molecular property. Indeed, single-crystal organic semiconductors are known, and display exciting characteristics and high performance. Unfortunately, they are today only grown as individual objects, not applicable to integrable thin-film transistors (TFT), solar cells (OPV), and ",{"id":1070,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1071,"piName":14,"institution":1072,"country":42,"year":13,"amount":1073,"abstract":1074},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321111","Mathematical Methods for Robust Financial Risk Management","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE","€1,871,400","Reliable techniques in finance should take into account the unavoidable modelling error. This is the main focus of this project that we intend to address from two viewpoints raising new questions in applied mathematics.Our first research direction is to device robust risk management methods which use the market observations and the no-arbitrage principle. A classical result in financial mathematics essentially states that, in idealized frictionless financial markets, the price processes of trada",{"id":1076,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1077,"piName":14,"institution":1078,"country":543,"year":13,"amount":1079,"abstract":1080},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320378","Data Driven Structured Modelling of Nonlinear Dynamic Systems","VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL","€2,499,040","Today’s state-of-the art methods for system and control design are model based. The ever increasing demand for higher performance and efficiency pushes the systems in a nonlinear operation mode so that nonlinear models are required for their design and control. The model quality and the model building cost are becoming limiting factors for further technological developments.To close the gap between the designers and the modellers we propose a fundamentally new approach to deliver highly structur",{"id":1082,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1083,"piName":14,"institution":1084,"country":23,"year":13,"amount":1085,"abstract":1086},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323743","Grassroots economics: Meaning, project and practice in the pursuit of livelihood.","UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA","€2,408,302","In Southern Europe promises of wellbeing and social mobility have become increasingly elusive since 2008. Economists and policy makers have provided analyses and advised on political action to end the economic crisis, but this has often resulted in greater precarity producing social protest as well as nationalistic and xenophobic reactions. Expert’s accounts are based on mainstream economic models designed to provide monetary stability and growth through enhanced competition in open markets. 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