[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-advanced-grant-2014":3,"awarded-stats-erc-advanced-grant":1121},{"awarded":4,"total":1120},[5,15,21,28,34,41,48,54,60,66,73,79,85,90,97,102,108,115,121,128,133,139,146,152,158,165,170,177,183,188,194,200,205,211,217,223,228,235,239,245,251,257,262,268,273,279,284,290,296,301,307,312,317,322,328,333,338,344,350,356,362,368,372,379,385,391,396,402,408,414,419,426,433,439,446,451,457,463,469,474,480,484,490,496,501,507,513,519,526,533,539,545,550,555,560,566,572,578,583,587,593,598,602,606,613,617,622,627,633,639,644,650,655,660,665,669,675,680,686,692,697,703,708,713,719,725,731,736,741,746,752,758,764,769,774,778,783,790,796,801,806,812,818,824,829,834,839,844,850,855,860,865,870,875,881,885,891,897,903,908,913,918,925,930,936,941,945,950,956,960,965,970,976,981,986,992,997,1002,1008,1014,1019,1024,1029,1034,1039,1043,1049,1054,1060,1065,1070,1074,1079,1085,1090,1095,1101,1106,1111,1115],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-228301","European Research Council","ERC Advanced Grant","Ntuples for NLO events at hadron colliders","D. Maître","Durham University","GB",2014,null,{"id":16,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":17,"piName":18,"institution":19,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":20},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2009-adg-247276","Engineering Schottky Contacts in Open-Air Fabricated Heterojunction Solar Cells to Enable High Performance and Ohmic Charge Transport","Kevin P. Musselman","University of Cambridge","The efficiencies of open-air processed Cu2O\u002FZn(1-x)Mg(x)O heterojunction solar cells are doubled by reducing the effect of the Schottky barrier between Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O and the indium tin oxide (ITO) top contact. By depositing Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O with a long band-tail, charge flows through the Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O\u002FITO Schottky barrier without rectification by hopping between the sub-bandgap states. High current densities are obtained by controlling the Zn(1-x)Mg(x)O thickness to ensure that the Schottky barrier",{"id":22,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":23,"piName":24,"institution":25,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":27},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-294790","Plant‐driven genome selection of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi","René Geurts","Graduate School Experimental Plant Sciences","NL","Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi belong to the order Glomeromycota and arguably form the most successful symbiosis in plants. This is a very ancient symbiosis which originated approximately 450 million years ago and is thought to have facilitated the evolution of land plants. The ability to host AM fungi inside plant roots has since been maintained by the vast majority (>80%) of current land plant species, underlining the importance of this symbiosis (Smith and Read, 2008). AM fungi offer the p",{"id":29,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":30,"piName":31,"institution":32,"country":33,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2013-adg-340318","Functional neuropeptidomics in invertebrates","Kurt Boonen","KU Leuven","BE",{"id":35,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":36,"piName":37,"institution":38,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":40},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-267816-lilo","A 3-dimensional {4\u003Csup>2\u003C\u002Fsup>·8\u003Csup>4\u003C\u002Fsup>} \u003Cb>lvt\u003C\u002Fb> net built from a ditopic bis(3,2′:6′,3″-terpyridine) tecton bearing long alkyl tails","Catherine E. Housecroft","University of Basel","CH","Divergent bis(4,2′:6′,4″-terpyridine) and bis(3,2′:6′,3″-terpyridine) tectons act as 4-connecting nodes and we demonstrate the assembly of a 3D {4\u003Csup>2\u003C\u002Fsup>·8\u003Csup>4\u003C\u002Fsup>} \u003Cbold>lvt\u003C\u002Fbold> net from the reaction of 1,4-bis(\u003Citalic>n\u003C\u002Fitalic>-octoxy)-2,5-bis(3,2′:6′,3″-terpyridin-4′-yl)benzene and Co(NCS)\u003Csub>2\u003C\u002Fsub>.",{"id":42,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":43,"piName":44,"institution":45,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":47},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-grant-2010-newlog-adg-267931-he","Impact of seawater Ca \u003Csup>2+\u003C\u002Fsup> on the calcification and calcite Mg\u002FCa of \u003Ci>Amphistegina lessonii\u003C\u002Fi>","Antje Mewes","Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung","DE","Abstract. Mg\u002FCa ratios in foraminiferal tests are routinely used as paleo temperature proxy, but on long timescales, also hold the potential to reconstruct past seawater Mg\u002FCa. Impact of both temperature and seawater Mg\u002FCa on Mg incorporation in foraminifera have been quantified by a number of studies. The underlying mechanism responsible for Mg incorporation in foraminiferal calcite and its sensitivity to environmental conditions, however, is not fully identified. A recently published biominera",{"id":49,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":50,"piName":51,"institution":52,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":53},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2009-adg-247075","Molecular-dynamics simulations of urea nucleation from aqueous solution","Matteo Salvalaglio","Università della Svizzera italiana","Despite its ubiquitous character and relevance in many branches of science and engineering, nucleation from solution remains elusive. In this framework, molecular simulations represent a powerful tool to provide insight into nucleation at the molecular scale. In this work, we combine theory and molecular simulations to describe urea nucleation from aqueous solution. Taking advantage of well-tempered metadynamics, we compute the free-energy change associated to the phase transition. We find that ",{"id":55,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":56,"piName":57,"institution":58,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":59},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2012-adg-320590","Intraband carrier dynamics in Landau-quantized multilayer epitaxial graphene","Martin Mittendorff","Technische Universität Dresden","International audience",{"id":61,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":62,"piName":63,"institution":64,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2012-adg-320815-comp-des-mat","Analysis of Ultra Low Cycle Fatigue problems with the Barcelona plastic damage model and a new isotropic hardening law","Xavier Martínez","Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya","ES",{"id":67,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":68,"piName":69,"institution":70,"country":71,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":72},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-268548","Nanodomain coupling explains Ca2+ independence of transmitter release time course at a fast central synapse","Itaru Arai","Institute of Science and Technology Austria","AT","A puzzling property of synaptic transmission, originally established at the neuromuscular junction, is that the time course of transmitter release is independent of the extracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]o), whereas the rate of release is highly [Ca(2+)]o-dependent. Here, we examine the time course of release at inhibitory basket cell-Purkinje cell synapses and show that it is independent of [Ca(2+)]o. Modeling of Ca(2+)-dependent transmitter release suggests that the invariant time cou",{"id":74,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":75,"piName":76,"institution":77,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":78},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2010-adg-268804","Blockade of VEGF-C and VEGF-D modulates adipose tissue inflammation and improves metabolic parameters under high-fat diet","Michael Detmar","ETH Zurich","OBJECTIVE: Elevated serum levels of the lymphangiogenic factors VEGF-C and -D have been observed in obese individuals but their relevance for the metabolic syndrome has remained unknown. METHODS: K14-VEGFR-3-Ig (sR3) mice that constitutively express soluble-VEGFR-3-Ig in the skin, scavenging VEGF-C and -D, and wildtype (WT) mice were fed either chow or high-fat diet for 20 weeks. To assess the effect of VEGFR-3 blockage on adipose tissue growth and insulin sensitivity, we evaluated weight gain, ",{"id":80,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":81,"piName":82,"institution":83,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":84},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-340877-physaps","Flagellated bacterial motility in polymer solutions","Vincent A. Martinez","Scottish Universities Physics Alliance","It is widely believed that the swimming speed, v, of many flagellated bacteria is a nonmonotonic function of the concentration, c, of high-molecular-weight linear polymers in aqueous solution, showing peaked v(c) curves. Pores in the polymer solution were suggested as the explanation. Quantifying this picture led to a theory that predicted peaked v(c) curves. Using high-throughput methods for characterizing motility, we measured v and the angular frequency of cell body rotation, Ω, of motile Esc",{"id":86,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":87,"piName":88,"institution":19,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":89},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-227758","Crucial role of nonspecific interactions in amyloid nucleation","Anđela Šarić","Protein oligomers have been implicated as toxic agents in a wide range of amyloid-related diseases. However, it has remained unsolved whether the oligomers are a necessary step in the formation of amyloid fibrils or just a dangerous byproduct. Analogously, it has not been resolved if the amyloid nucleation process is a classical one-step nucleation process or a two-step process involving prenucleation clusters. We use coarse-grained computer simulations to study the effect of nonspecific attract",{"id":91,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":92,"piName":93,"institution":94,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":96},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-no-29119","Two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy with birefringent wedges","Julien Réhault","Politecnico di Milano","IT","We present a simple experimental setup for performing two-dimensional (2D) electronic spectroscopy in the partially collinear pump-probe geometry. The setup uses a sequence of birefringent wedges to create and delay a pair of phase-locked, collinear pump pulses, with extremely high phase stability and reproducibility. Continuous delay scanning is possible without any active stabilization or position tracking, and allows to record rapidly and easily 2D spectra. The setup works over a broad spectr",{"id":98,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":99,"piName":100,"institution":101,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-267079","Independent resolutions for totally disconnected dynamical systems I: Algebraic case","Xin Li","Queen Mary University of London",{"id":103,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":104,"piName":105,"institution":106,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":107},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-249347","Phylogenetic reconstruction of Bantu kinship challenges Main Sequence Theory of human social evolution","Christopher Opie","University College London","Kinship provides the fundamental structure of human society: descent determines the inheritance pattern between generations, whereas residence rules govern the location a couple moves to after they marry. In turn, descent and residence patterns determine other key relationships such as alliance, trade, and marriage partners. Hunter-gatherer kinship patterns are viewed as flexible, whereas agricultural societies are thought to have developed much more stable kinship patterns as they expanded duri",{"id":109,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":110,"piName":111,"institution":112,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":114},"openalex-european-research-council-award-sound-pharma-project-erc-2010-adg-20100317","A Direct PCA-Based Approach for Real-Time Description of Physiological Organ Deformations","Baudouin Denis de Senneville","Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","FR","Dynamic magnetic resonance (MR)-imaging can provide functional and positional information in real-time, which can be conveniently used online to control a cancer therapy, e.g., using high intensity focused ultrasound or radio therapy. However, a precise real-time correction for motion is fundamental in abdominal organs to ensure an optimal treatment dose associated with a limited toxicity in nearby organs at risk. This paper proposes a real-time direct principal component analysis (PCA)-based te",{"id":116,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":117,"piName":118,"institution":119,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":120},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-290623","Ground-state phase diagram of the half-filled bilayer Hubbard model","Michael Golor","RWTH Aachen University","Employing a combination of functional renormalization group calculations and projective determinantal quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we examine the Hubbard model on the square lattice bilayer at half filling. From this combined analysis, we obtain a comprehensive account of the ground-state phase diagram with respect to the extent of the system's metallic and (antiferromagnetically ordered) Mott-insulating as well as band-insulating regions. By means of an unbiased functional renormalization g",{"id":122,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":123,"piName":124,"institution":125,"country":126,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":127},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-290623","Stability of fixed points and generalized critical behavior in multifield models","Astrid Eichhorn","Perimeter Institute","CA","We study models with three coupled vector fields characterized by O(N_{1})⊕O(N_{2})⊕O(N_{3}) symmetry. Using the nonperturbative functional renormalization group, we derive β functions for the couplings and anomalous dimensions in d dimensions. Specializing to the case of three dimensions, we explore interacting fixed points that generalize the O(N) Wilson-Fisher fixed point. We find a symmetry-enhanced isotropic fixed point, a large class of fixed points with partial symmetry enhancement, as we",{"id":129,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":130,"piName":131,"institution":112,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":132},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-247258-supersolid","Movement of dislocations dressed with\u003Cmml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1998\u002FMath\u002FMathML\">\u003Cmml:mmultiscripts>\u003Cmml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">He\u003C\u002Fmml:mi>\u003Cmml:mprescripts\u002F>\u003Cmml:none\u002F>\u003Cmml:mrow>\u003Cmml:mn>3\u003C\u002Fmml:mn>\u003C\u002Fmml:mrow>\u003C\u002Fmml:mmultiscripts>\u003C\u002Fmml:math>impurities in\u003Cmml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1998\u002FMath\u002FMathML\">\u003Cmml:mmultiscripts>\u003Cmml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">He\u003C\u002Fmml:mi>\u003Cmml:mprescripts\u002F>\u003Cmml:none\u002F>\u003Cmml:mrow>\u003Cmml:mn>4\u003C\u002Fmml:mn>\u003C\u002Fmml:mrow>\u003C\u002Fmml:mmultiscripts>\u003C\u002Fmml:math>crystals","Fabien Souris","Solid $^{4}\\mathrm{He}$ is a unique example of crystal where dislocations may move at macroscopic speeds with impurities attached to them. In $^{4}\\mathrm{He}$ crystals, the only impurities are $^{3}\\mathrm{He}$ atoms, whose concentration can be reduced to zero and measured down to the ppt $(10{}^{\\ensuremath{-}12})$ level. We present measurements of the mobility of dislocations dressed with $^{3}\\mathrm{He}$ impurities as a function of the crystal purity. They show that the damping of dislocati",{"id":134,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":135,"piName":136,"institution":137,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":138},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-323262","Unfamiliar face matching: Pairs out‐perform individuals and provide a route to training","A. Mike Burton","University of Aberdeen","Matching unfamiliar faces is known to be difficult. Here, we ask whether performance can be improved by asking viewers to work in pairs, a manipulation known to increase accuracy for low-level visual discrimination tasks. Across four experiments we consistently find that face matching accuracy is higher for pairs of viewers than for individuals. This 'pairs advantage' is generally driven by adopting the response of the higher scoring partner. However, when the task becomes difficult, both partne",{"id":140,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":141,"piName":142,"institution":143,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":145},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-291618","Phase-Sensitive Amplified Transmission Links for Improved Sensitivity and Nonlinearity Tolerance","Samuel L. I. Olsson","Chalmers University of Technology","SE","In this paper, we investigate the properties of transmission links amplified by phase-sensitive amplifiers (PSAs). Using an analytic description, we explain the principles enabling improved sensitivity compared to conventional links amplified by phase-insensitive amplifiers (PIAs) and mitigation of nonlinear transmission distortions. We demonstrate these features using numerical simulations, and in particular, we show the possibility of efficiently mitigating both self-phase modulation (SPM)-ind",{"id":147,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":148,"piName":149,"institution":150,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":151},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2010-adg-267439-fun-sp","Improved Variational Denoising of Flow Fields with Application to Phase-Contrast MRI Data","Emrah Bostan","École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne","We propose a new variational framework for the problem of reconstructing flow fields from noisy measurements. The formalism is based on regularizers penalizing the singular values of the Jacobian of the field. Specifically, we rely on the nuclear norm. Our method is invariant with respect to fundamental transformations and can be efficiently solved. We conduct numerical experiments on several phantom data and report improved performance compared to existing vectorial extensions of total variatio",{"id":153,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":154,"piName":155,"institution":156,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":157},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2012-adg-320951-dreams","Computational Chemistry Meets Experiments for Explaining the Behavior of Bibenzyl: A Thermochemical and Spectroscopic (Infrared, Raman, and NMR) Investigation","Camille Latouche","Scuola Normale Superiore","The structure, conformational behavior, and spectroscopic parameters of bibenzyl have been investigated by a computational protocol including proper treatment of anharmonic and hindered rotor contributions. Conventional hybrid functionals overstabilize the anti conformer while low-order post-Hartree-Fock (MP2) approaches strongly favor the gauche conformer. However, inclusion of semiempirical dispersion effects in density functionals or coupled cluster post-Hartree-Fock models agree in forecasti",{"id":159,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":160,"piName":161,"institution":162,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":164},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-somacca-no-230604","Overtone-based pitch selection in hermit thrush song: Unexpected convergence with scale construction in human music","Emily Doolittle","Cornish College of the Arts","US","Many human musical scales, including the diatonic major scale prevalent in Western music, are built partially or entirely from intervals (ratios between adjacent frequencies) corresponding to small-integer proportions drawn from the harmonic series. Scientists have long debated the extent to which principles of scale generation in human music are biologically or culturally determined. Data from animal \"song\" may provide new insights into this discussion. Here, by examining pitch relationships us",{"id":166,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":167,"piName":168,"institution":14,"country":14,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":169},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-proposal-no-290981","Theory of strong coupling between quantum emitters and localized surface plasmons","Adrien Delga","We theoretically study the emergence of strong coupling in the interaction between quantum emitters and the localized surface plasmons of a metal nanoparticle. Owing to their quasidegenerate nature, the continuum of multi-poles is shown to behave as a pseudomode strongly coupled to single emitters instead of as a Markovian bath. We demonstrate that the corresponding capping of the induced loss rate enables collective strong coupling to the dipole mode. Numerical simulations and analytical modeli",{"id":171,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":172,"piName":173,"institution":174,"country":175,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":176},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-290464-simcofe","Nonlocal Quantum Fluctuations and Fermionic Superfluidity in the Imbalanced Attractive Hubbard Model","M. O. J. Heikkinen","Aalto University","FI","We study fermionic superfluidity in strongly anisotropic optical lattices with attractive interactions utilizing the cluster dynamical mean-field theory method, and focusing in particular on the role of nonlocal quantum fluctuations. We show that nonlocal quantum fluctuations impact the BCS superfluid transition dramatically. Moreover, we show that exotic superfluid states with a delicate order parameter structure, such as the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov phase driven by spin population imba",{"id":178,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":179,"piName":180,"institution":181,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":182},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-291561-helios","\u003Cmml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1998\u002FMath\u002FMathML\">\u003Cmml:mi>α\u003C\u002Fmml:mi>\u003C\u002Fmml:math>decay of\u003Cmml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\u002F\u002Fwww.w3.org\u002F1998\u002FMath\u002FMathML\">\u003Cmml:mmultiscripts>\u003Cmml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Au\u003C\u002Fmml:mi>\u003Cmml:mprescripts\u002F>\u003Cmml:none\u002F>\u003Cmml:mrow>\u003Cmml:mn>176\u003C\u002Fmml:mn>\u003C\u002Fmml:mrow>\u003C\u002Fmml:mmultiscripts>\u003C\u002Fmml:math>","A. N. Andreyev","University of York","The isotope $^{176}\\mathrm{Au}$ has been studied in the complete fusion reaction $^{40}\\mathrm{Ca}+^{141}\\mathrm{Pr} \\phantom{\\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\\ensuremath{\\rightarrow} {}^{176}\\mathrm{Au}+5n$ at the velocity filter SHIP (GSI, Darmstadt). The complex fine-structure $\\ensuremath{\\alpha}$ decay of two isomeric states in $^{176}\\mathrm{Au}$ feeding several previously unknown excited states in the daughter nucleus $^{172}\\mathrm{Ir}$ is presented. An $\\ensuremath{\\alpha}$-decay branching ratio of $",{"id":184,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":185,"piName":186,"institution":150,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":187},"openalex-european-research-council-award-2009-adg-246810","Top–Down Fabrication of Gate-All-Around Vertically Stacked Silicon Nanowire FETs With Controllable Polarity","Michele De Marchi","As the current MOSFET scaling trend is facing strong limitations, technologies exploiting novel degrees of freedom at physical and architecture level are promising candidates to enable the continuation of Moore's predictions. In this paper, we report on the fabrication of novel ambipolar Silicon nanowire (SiNW) Schottky-barrier (SB) FET transistors featuring two independent gate-all-around electrodes and vertically stacked SiNW channels. A top-down approach was employed for the nanowire fabricat",{"id":189,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":190,"piName":191,"institution":192,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":193},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2008-adg","Optical Properties of Triangular Molybdenum Disulfide Nanoflakes","Tsegabirhan B. Wendumu","TU Dresden","The results from calculations of optical and electronic properties of triangular MoS2 nanoflakes with edge lengths ranging from 1.6 to 10.4 nm are presented. The optical spectra were calculated using the time-dependent extension of the density-functional tight-binding method (TD-DFTB). The size effect in the optical absorption spectra is clearly visible. With decreasing length of the nanoflakes edges, the long-wavelength absorption in the range of visible light is shifted toward short-wavelength",{"id":195,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":196,"piName":197,"institution":198,"country":71,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":199},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-scire-269591","\u003Ci>\u003Cscp>R\u003C\u002Fscp>omana urbs\u003C\u002Fi>: levels of \u003Cscp>R\u003C\u002Fscp>oman and imperial identity in the city of \u003Cscp>R\u003C\u002Fscp>ome","Clemens Gantner","Institute for Medieval Research","This contribution investigates how the urban R oman identity of the popes and the papacy developed in relation to the R omanness of the R oman empire of the eighth century and the perception of a ‘state’ ( res publica, but also imperium ). It then shows examples of how the city of R ome itself was used and perceived in papal writings of the time and how all these concepts were consciously altered by the papacy in the course of the eighth century to enhance R ome's ecclesiastical and political pr",{"id":201,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":202,"piName":203,"institution":150,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":204},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2009-adg-246810","Layout Technique for Double-Gate Silicon Nanowire FETs With an Efficient Sea-of-Tiles Architecture","Shashikanth Bobba","As we advance into the era of nanotechnology, semiconductor devices are scaled down to their physical limits, thereby opening up venues for new transistor channel materials based on nanowires and nanotubes. Transistors based on nanowires and nanotubes inherently exhibit ambipolar behavior. While technologists aim to suppress ambipolar behavior of these transistors, new design methodologies are proposed by exploiting the phenomenon of controllable polarity. In this paper, we propose regular layou",{"id":206,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":207,"piName":208,"institution":209,"country":71,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":210},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-no-269591","Preaching \u003Cscp>R\u003C\u002Fscp>omanness in the early Middle Ages: the sermon \u003Ci>De litaniis\u003C\u002Fi> from the \u003Cscp>E\u003C\u002Fscp>usebius \u003Cscp>G\u003C\u002Fscp>allicanus collection","Marianne Pollheimer","Austrian Academy of Sciences","During the fifth century, the R oman population of southern G aul was confronted with continuously changing power relations and the transformation of traditional Roman social, political and economic structures. This article seeks to address differing perceptions of the new barbarian rule by analysing a sermon from the so‐called E usebius G allicanus collection. The sermon reflects the tense atmosphere in a community located in southern Gaul at the end of the fifth century. The preacher, however,",{"id":212,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":213,"piName":214,"institution":215,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":216},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2010-adg-269019-pathfinder","Tracking Targeted Bimodal Nanovaccines: Immune Responses and Routing in Cells, Tissue, and Whole Organism","Luis J. Cruz","Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences","Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells (APCs), involved in the induction of immunity and currently exploited for antitumor immunotherapies. An optimized noninvasive imaging modality capable of determining and quantifying DC-targeted nanoparticle (NP) trajectories could provide valuable information regarding therapeutic vaccine outcome. Here, targeted poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) recognizing DC receptors were equipped with superparamagnetic i",{"id":218,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":219,"piName":220,"institution":221,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":222},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-advanced-grant-astonish","Superconductivity of lanthanum revisited: enhanced critical temperature in the clean limit","Lihui Zhou","Universität Hamburg","The thickness dependence of the superconducting energy gap ΔLa of double hexagonally close packed (dhcp) lanthanum islands grown on W(110) is studied by scanning tunneling spectroscopy, from the bulk to the thin-film limit. Superconductivity is suppressed by the boundary conditions for the superconducting wavefunction on the surface and W\u002FLa interface, leading to a linear decrease of the critical temperature Tc as a function of the inverse film thickness. For the thick, bulk-like films, ΔLa and ",{"id":224,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":225,"piName":226,"institution":227,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2008-adg-232648","Mechanisms of Integral Membrane Protein Insertion and Folding","Gunnar von Heijne","Science for Life Laboratory",{"id":229,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":230,"piName":231,"institution":232,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":234},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2010-adg-no-267374","Stable two-dimensional dumbbell stanene: A quantum spin Hall insulator","Peizhe Tang","Tsinghua University","CN","From density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation we predict a structure of stanene with dumbbell units (DBs), and show that it is a two-dimensional topological insulator with an inverted band gap which can be tuned by compressive strain. Furthermore, we propose that the boron nitride sheet and reconstructed $(2\\ifmmode\\times\\else\\texttimes\\fi{}2)$ InSb(111) surfaces are ideal substrates for the experimental realization of DB stanene, maintaining its nontrivial topolog",{"id":236,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":237,"piName":44,"institution":45,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":238},"openalex-european-research-council-award-2010-newlog-adg-267931-he","Effect of different seawater Mg2+ concentrations on calcification in two benthic foraminifers","is best described by an exponential function approaching an asymptote.",{"id":240,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":241,"piName":242,"institution":243,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":244},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-2010-267160","Thiadizoloquinoxaline-Based Low-Bandgap Conjugated Polymers as Ambipolar Semiconductors for Organic Field Effect Transistors","Cunbin An","Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research","Two novel conjugated polymers with high molecular weight, PBDTTQ-3 and PAPhTQ, were synthesized by tuning alkyl chains and alternating the electron-donating ability of the thiadiazoloquinoxaline (TQ) moiety. Both polymers have excellent solubility in common organic solvents. UV–vis–NIR absorption and cyclic voltammetry indicate a bandgap of (0.76 eV) and high electron affinity level (−4.08 eV) for PBDTTQ-3. Two dimensional wide-angle X-ray scattering shows that both polymers are only poorly orde",{"id":246,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":247,"piName":248,"institution":249,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":250},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-lipsyd","In‐depth protein profiling of the postsynaptic density from mouse hippocampus using data‐independent acquisition proteomics","Johannes Vogt","University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz","Located at neuronal terminals, the postsynaptic density (PSD) is a highly complex network of cytoskeletal scaffolding and signaling proteins responsible for the transduction and modulation of glutamatergic signaling between neurons. Using ion-mobility enhanced data-independent label-free LC-MS\u002FMS, we established a reference proteome of crude synaptosomes, synaptic junctions, and PSD derived from mouse hippocampus including TOP3-based absolute quantification values for identified proteins. The fi",{"id":252,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":253,"piName":254,"institution":255,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":256},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-294099","OCT 3-D surface topography of isolated human crystalline lenses","Mengchan Sun","Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas","Quantitative 3-D Optical Coherence Tomography was used to measure surface topography of 36 isolated human lenses, and to evaluate the relationship between anterior and posterior lens surface shape and their changes with age. All lens surfaces were fitted to 6th order Zernike polynomials. Astigmatism was the predominant surface aberration in anterior and posterior lens surfaces (accounting for ~55% and ~63% of the variance respectively), followed by spherical terms, coma, trefoil and tetrafoil. T",{"id":258,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":259,"piName":260,"institution":143,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":261},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2009-adg-246645-asc3","High Sintering Resistance of Size-Selected Platinum Cluster Catalysts by Suppressed Ostwald Ripening","Kristina Wettergren","Employing rationally designed model systems with precise atom-by-atom particle size control, we demonstrate by means of combining noninvasive in situ indirect nanoplasmonic sensing and ex situ scanning transmission electron microscopy that monomodal size-selected platinum cluster catalysts on different supports exhibit remarkable intrinsic sintering resistance even under reaction conditions. The observed stability is related to suppression of Ostwald ripening by elimination of its main driving f",{"id":263,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":264,"piName":265,"institution":266,"country":71,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":267},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-advanced-grant-227690","Planar array of self-assembled Ga\u003Csub>x\u003C\u002Fsub>Fe\u003Csub>4−x\u003C\u002Fsub>N nanocrystals in GaN: magnetic anisotropy determined\u003Ci>via\u003C\u002Fi>ferromagnetic resonance","A Grois","Johannes Kepler University of Linz","The magnetic anisotropy of a planar array of GaxFe(4 - x)N nanocrystals (NCs) embedded in a GaN host is studied by ferromagnetic resonance. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy are employed to determine the phase and distribution of the nanocrystals. The magnetic anisotropy is found to be primarily uniaxial with the hard axis normal to the NCs plane and to have a comparably weak in-plane hexagonal symmetry. The origin of the magnetic anisotropy is discussed taking into consider",{"id":269,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":270,"piName":271,"institution":14,"country":14,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":272},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-233335","Correlative multicolor 3D SIM and STORM microscopy","Virginie Hamel","Within the last decade, super-resolution methods that surpass the diffraction limit of light microscopy have provided invaluable insight into a variety of biological questions. Each of these approaches has inherent advantages and limitations, such that their combination is a powerful means to transform them into versatile tools for the life sciences. Here, we report the development of a combined SIM and STORM setup that maintains the optimal resolution of both methods and which is coupled to ima",{"id":274,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":275,"piName":276,"institution":277,"country":14,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":278},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-290562-multiwave","Nonlinear waves in networks: Model reduction for the sine-Gordon equation","Jean-Guy Caputo","Laboratoire de Mathématiques de l'INSA de Rouen","To study how nonlinear waves propagate across Y- and T-type junctions, we consider the two-dimensional (2D) sine-Gordon equation as a model and examine the crossing of kinks and breathers. Comparing energies for different geometries reveals that, for small widths, the angle of the fork plays no role. Motivated by this, we introduce a one-dimensional effective model whose solutions agree well with the 2D simulations for kink and breather solutions. These exhibit two different behaviors: a kink cr",{"id":280,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":281,"piName":282,"institution":14,"country":14,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":283},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2009-adg-247276-novox","Ferroelectric Sm-Doped BiMnO\u003Csub>3\u003C\u002Fsub> Thin Films with Ferromagnetic Transition Temperature Enhanced to 140 K","Eun‐Mi Choi","A combined chemical pressure and substrate biaxial pressure crystal engineering approach was demonstrated for producing highly epitaxial Sm-doped BiMnO(3) (BSMO) films on SrTiO(3) single crystal substrates, with enhanced magnetic transition temperatures, TC up to as high as 140 K, 40 K higher than that for standard BiMnO(3) (BMO) films. Strong room temperature ferroelectricity with piezoresponse amplitude, d(33) = 10 pm\u002FV, and long-term retention of polarization were also observed. Furthermore, ",{"id":285,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":286,"piName":287,"institution":288,"country":289,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-294313","Generation of physiological and pathological high frequency oscillations: the role of perisomatic inhibition in sharp-wave ripple and interictal spike generation","Attila I. Gulyás","HUN-REN Institute of Experimental Medicine","HU",{"id":291,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":292,"piName":293,"institution":294,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":295},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-247014","Aerobic Direct C–H Arylation of Nonbiased Olefins","Nicolas Gigant","Stockholm University","An efficient ligand-promoted biomimetic aerobic oxidative dehydrogenative cross-coupling between arenes and nonbiased olefins is presented. Acridine as a ligand was found to significantly enhance the rate, the yield, and the scope of the reaction under ambient oxygen pressure, providing a variety of alkenylarenes via an environmentally friendly procedure.",{"id":297,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":298,"piName":299,"institution":156,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":300},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-project-gemethnes","Perimeter of sets and BMO-type norms","Luigi Ambrosio","The aim of this note is to announce some recent results showing that an isotropic variant of the BMO -type norm introduced in [3] can be related via a precise formula to the perimeter of sets.",{"id":302,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":303,"piName":304,"institution":305,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":306},"openalex-european-research-council-award-2012-adg-321162-helios","Global Contrast Based Salient Region Detection","Ming‐Ming Cheng","Nankai University","Automatic estimation of salient object regions across images, without any prior assumption or knowledge of the contents of the corresponding scenes, enhances many computer vision and computer graphics applications. We introduce a regional contrast based salient object detection algorithm, which simultaneously evaluates global contrast differences and spatial weighted coherence scores. The proposed algorithm is simple, efficient, naturally multi-scale, and produces full-resolution, high-quality s",{"id":308,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":309,"piName":310,"institution":294,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":311},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-247014","Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Domino Carbocyclization–Carbonylation–Alkynylation of Enallenes","Chandra M. R. Volla","An oxidative carbocyclization-carbonylation-alkynylation reaction cascade has been developed using catalytic amounts of palladium(II) salts. The domino reaction proceeds efficiently, giving the corresponding ynones in good to excellent yields under operationally simple conditions. A wide range of aromatic and aliphatic terminal alkynes with various functional groups are tolerated under the reaction conditions.",{"id":313,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":314,"piName":315,"institution":150,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":316},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2012-adg-320404","Magnetic Particle-Scanning for Ultrasensitive Immunodetection On-Chip","Matteo Cornaglia","We describe the concept of magnetic particle-scanning for on-chip detection of biomolecules: a magnetic particle, carrying a low number of antigens (Ag's) (down to a single molecule), is transported by hydrodynamic forces and is subjected to successive stochastic reorientations in an engineered magnetic energy landscape. The latter consists of a pattern of substrate-bound small magnetic particles that are functionalized with antibodies (Ab's). Subsequationuent counting of the captured Ag-carryin",{"id":318,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":319,"piName":320,"institution":321,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2009-adg-247143-quantif","Pt nanoparticle modified single walled carbon nanotube network electrodes for electrocatalysis: Control of the specific surface area over three orders of magnitude","Julie V. Macpherson","University of Warwick",{"id":323,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":324,"piName":325,"institution":326,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":327},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2012-adg-20120216-320421","The inflaton as an MSSM Higgs and open string modulus monodromy inflation","Irene Valenzuela","Universidad Autónoma de Madrid","It has been recently pointed out that high scale inflation, as recently hinted by the BICEP2 results, is consistent with the identification of an inflaton mass mI≃1013 GeV with the SUSY breaking scale in an MSSM with a fine-tuned SM Higgs. This identification leads to a Higgs mass mh≃126 GeV, consistent with LHC measurements. Here we propose that this naturally suggests to identify the inflaton with the heavy MSSM Higgs system. The fact that the extrapolated Higgs coupling λSM≃0 at scales below ",{"id":329,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":330,"piName":331,"institution":112,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":332},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2009-adg-20090325-247452","Quantum-relativistic hydrodynamic model for a spin-polarized electron gas interacting with light","Omar Morandi","We develop a semirelativistic quantum fluid theory based on the expansion of the Dirac Hamiltonian to second order in 1\u002Fc. By making use of the Madelung representation of the wave function, we derive a set of hydrodynamic equations that comprises a continuity equation, an Euler equation for the mean velocity, and an evolution equation for the electron spin density. This hydrodynamic model is then applied to study the dynamics of a dense and weakly relativistic electron plasma. In particular, we ",{"id":334,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":335,"piName":336,"institution":64,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":337},"openalex-european-research-council-award-2009-adg-25027","pyProCT: Automated Cluster Analysis for Structural Bioinformatics","V. Gil","Cluster analysis is becoming a relevant tool in structural bioinformatics. It allows analyzing large conformational ensembles in order to extract features or diminish redundancy, or just as a first step for other methods. Unfortunately, the successfulness of this analysis strongly depends on the data set traits, the chosen algorithm, and its parameters, which can lead to poor or even erroneous results not easily detected. In order to overcome this problem, we have developed pyProCT, a Python ope",{"id":339,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":340,"piName":341,"institution":342,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":343},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2008-adg-228117","Design and implementation of an integrated surface texture information system for design, manufacture and measurement","Xiangqian Jiang","Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","The optimized design and reliable measurement of surface texture are essential to guarantee the functional performance of a geometric product. Current support tools are however often limited in functionality, integrity and efficiency. In this paper, an integrated surface texture information system for design, manufacture and measurement, called “CatSurf”, has been designed and developed, which aims to facilitate rapid and flexible manufacturing requirements. A category theory based knowledge acq",{"id":345,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":346,"piName":347,"institution":348,"country":71,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":349},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2008-adg-230195-futuresoc","The human core of the shared socioeconomic pathways: Population scenarios by age, sex and level of education for all countries to 2100","Samir KC","International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis","This paper applies the methods of multi-dimensional mathematical demography to project national populations based on alternative assumptions on future, fertility, mortality, migration and educational transitions that correspond to the five shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) storylines. In doing so it goes a significant step beyond past population scenarios in the IPCC context which considered only total population size. By differentiating the human population not only by age and sex-as is conve",{"id":351,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":352,"piName":353,"institution":354,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":355},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2008-adg-233161","Real-time optoacoustic tomography of indocyanine green perfusion and oxygenation parameters in human finger vasculature","Christian Lutzweiler","Helmholtz Zentrum München","We interrogated whether optoacoustic tomography could be employed to study blood functional parameters and biodistribution of injected fluorescent agents in humans. Using a multichannel scanner at a frame rate of 10 images per second, we obtained cross-sectional images of the human finger in real time, before and after the administration of indocyanine green. We demonstrated that multispectral optoacoustic tomography can sense fast flow kinetics and resolve spatiotemporal characteristics of a co",{"id":357,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":358,"piName":359,"institution":360,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":361},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-291490-merespo","Mechanochemistry with Metallosupramolecular Polymers","Diederik W. R. Balkenende","State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry","The transduction of mechanical force into useful chemical reactions is an emerging design approach to impart soft materials with new functions. Here, we report that mechanochemical transductions can be achieved in metallosupramolecular polymers. We show that both reversible and irreversible reactions are possible and useful to create mechanically responsive materials that display new functions. The metallopolymer studied was a cross-linked network assembled from a europium salt and a telechelic ",{"id":363,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":364,"piName":365,"institution":366,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":367},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-322972","B cell activation involves nanoscale receptor reorganizations and inside-out signaling by Syk","Michael Reth","Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics","Binding of antigen to the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) initiates a multitude of events resulting in B cell activation. How the BCR becomes signaling-competent upon antigen binding is still a matter of controversy. Using a high-resolution proximity ligation assay (PLA) to monitor the conformation of the BCR and its interactions with co-receptors at a 10-20 nm resolution, we provide direct evidence for the opening of BCR dimers during B cell activation. We also show that upon binding Syk opens th",{"id":369,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":370,"piName":371,"institution":19,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-2010-newlog-adg-267931","Determination of δ11B by HR-ICP-MS from mass limited samples: Application to natural carbonates and water samples","Sambuddha Misra",{"id":373,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":374,"piName":375,"institution":376,"country":377,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":378},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2008-adg-232997","Peripheral blood cells inform on the presence of breast cancer: A population‐based case–control study","Vanessa Dumeaux","Norinnova (Norway)","NO","Tumor-host interactions extend beyond the local microenvironment and cancer development largely depends on the ability of malignant cells to hijack and exploit the normal physiological processes of the host. Here, we established that many genes within peripheral blood cells show differential expression when an untreated breast cancer (BC) is present, and harnessed this fact to construct a 50-gene signature that distinguish BC patients from population-based controls. Our results were derived from",{"id":380,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":381,"piName":382,"institution":383,"country":175,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":384},"openalex-european-research-council-award-2008-adg-232635","Assessing How Reduced Expression Levels of the Mismatch Repair Genes\u003Ci>MLH1\u003C\u002Fi>,\u003Ci>MSH2\u003C\u002Fi>, and\u003Ci>MSH6\u003C\u002Fi>Affect Repair Efficiency","Minna Nyström","University of Helsinki","Lynch syndrome (LS), the most common familial colon cancer, is associated with mismatch repair (MMR) malfunction. As mutation carriers inherit one normal and one defected MMR gene allele, cancer risk can be considered as limited amount of normal MMR gene product. How reductions in different MMR gene expressions affect MMR capability is, however, not known. The in vitro MMR assay is a method for the pathogenicity assessment of MMR gene variants causing functional or expressional defects and thus ",{"id":386,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":387,"piName":388,"institution":389,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":390},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-ga-290585-supradapt","Adaptation in Constitutional Dynamic Libraries and Networks, Switching between Orthogonal Metalloselection and Photoselection Processes","Ghislaine Vantomme","Université de Strasbourg","Constitutional dynamic libraries of hydrazones (a)A(b)B and acylhydrazones (a)A(c)C undergo reorganization and adaptation in response to a chemical effector (metal cations) or a physical stimulus (light). The set of hydrazones [(1)A(1)B, (1)A(2)B, (2)A(1)B, (2)A(2)B] undergoes metalloselection on addition of zinc cations which drive the amplification of Zn((1)A(2)B)2 by selection of the fittest component (1)A(2)B. The set of acylhydrazones [E-(1)A(1)C, (1)A(2)C, (2)A(1)C, (2)A(2)C] undergoes pho",{"id":392,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":393,"piName":394,"institution":395,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2008-adg-233424","Aging: not all DNA damage is equal","Joris Pothof","Erasmus MC",{"id":397,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":398,"piName":399,"institution":400,"country":377,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":401},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2010-adg-268562","ESTIMATING PHENOTYPIC SELECTION IN AGE-STRUCTURED POPULATIONS BY REMOVING TRANSIENT FLUCTUATIONS","Steinar Engen","Norwegian University of Science and Technology","An extension of the selection differential in the Robertson-Price equation for the mean phenotype in an age-structured population is provided. Temporal changes in the mean phenotype caused by transient fluctuations in the age-distribution and variation in mean phenotype among age classes, which can mistakenly be interpreted as selection, will disappear if reproductive value weighting is applied. Changes in any weighted mean phenotype in an age-structured population may be decomposed into between",{"id":403,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":404,"piName":405,"institution":406,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":407},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-233348","A role for Ral \u003Cscp>GTP\u003C\u002Fscp>ase‐activating protein subunit β in mitotic regulation","Hélène Bierne","Microbiologie de l’alimentation au service de la santé","Ral proteins are small GTPases that play critical roles in normal physiology and in oncogenesis. There is little information on the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) that downregulate their activity. Here, we provide evidence that the noncatalytic β subunit of RalGAPα1\u002F2 β complexes is involved in mitotic control. RalGAPβ localizes to the Golgi and nucleus during interphase, and relocalizes to the mitotic spindle and cytokinetic intercellular bridge during mitosis. Depletion of RalGAPβ causes ch",{"id":409,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":410,"piName":411,"institution":412,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":413},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2009-adg","Is the Carli Index Flawed?: Assessing the Case for the New Retail Price Index RPIJ","Peter Levell","Institute for Fiscal Studies","be used to choose indices at the elementary level, and moreover that it favours the use of the Jevons index. Overall, we conclude that there is a case against the Carli index and that the Jevons index is to be preferred.",{"id":415,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":416,"piName":417,"institution":255,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":418},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2012-adg-323059","Probing the Free Energy Landscape of the Fast-Folding gpW Protein by Relaxation Dispersion NMR","Celia Sanchez-Medina","The topographic features of the free energy landscapes that govern the thermodynamics and kinetics of conformational transitions in proteins, which in turn are integral for function, are not well understood. This reflects the experimental challenges associated with characterizing these multidimensional surfaces, even for small proteins. Here we focus on a 62-residue protein, gpW, that folds very rapidly into a native structure with an α\u002Fβ topology in which α-helices are at the N- and C-terminal ",{"id":420,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":421,"piName":422,"institution":423,"country":424,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":425},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-project-crowded-pro-lipids","Refined OPLS All-Atom Force Field for Saturated Phosphatidylcholine Bilayers at Full Hydration","Arkadiusz Maciejewski","Jagiellonian University","PL","We report parametrization of dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) in the framework of the Optimized Parameters for Liquid Simulations all-atom (OPLS-AA) force field. We chose DPPC as it is one of the most studied phospholipid species and thus has plenty of experimental data necessary for model validation, and it is also one of the highly important and abundant lipid types, e.g., in lung surfactant. Overall, PCs have not been previously parametrized in the OPLS-AA force field; thus, there is a ",{"id":427,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":428,"piName":429,"institution":430,"country":431,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":432},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-crowded-pro-lipids","How To Tackle the Issues in Free Energy Simulations of Long Amphiphiles Interacting with Lipid Membranes: Convergence and Local Membrane Deformations","Hugo A. L. Filipe","University of Coimbra","PT","One of the great challenges in membrane biophysics is to find a means to foster the transport of drugs across complex membrane structures. In this spirit, we elucidate methodological challenges associated with free energy computations of complex chainlike molecules across lipid membranes. As an appropriate standard molecule to this end, we consider 7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl-labeled fatty amine, NBD-Cn, which is here dealt with as a homologous series with varying chain lengths. We found t",{"id":434,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":435,"piName":436,"institution":437,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":438},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-dynamo-erc-2010-adg-267374","Nonadiabatic and Time-Resolved Photoelectron Spectroscopy for Molecular Systems","Johannes Flick","Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society","We quantify the nonadiabatic contributions to the vibronic sidebands of equilibrium and explicitly time-resolved nonequilibrium photoelectron spectra for a vibronic model system of trans-polyacetylene. Using exact diagonalization, we directly evaluate the sum-over-states expressions for the linear-response photocurrent. We show that spurious peaks appear in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation for the vibronic spectral function, which are not present in the exact spectral function of the system. T",{"id":440,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":441,"piName":442,"institution":443,"country":444,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":445},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-294603-fliescan","The Brm-HDAC3-Erm repressor complex suppresses dedifferentiation in Drosophila type II neuroblast lineages","Chwee Tat Koe","Duke-NUS Medical School","SG","The control of self-renewal and differentiation of neural stem and progenitor cells is a crucial issue in stem cell and cancer biology. Drosophila type II neuroblast lineages are prone to developing impaired neuroblast homeostasis if the limited self-renewing potential of intermediate neural progenitors (INPs) is unrestrained. Here, we demonstrate that Drosophila SWI\u002FSNF chromatin remodeling Brahma (Brm) complex functions cooperatively with another chromatin remodeling factor, Histone deacetylas",{"id":447,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":448,"piName":449,"institution":77,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":450},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-advanced-grant-erc-2012-adg-20120216","SESAM modelocked Yb:CaGdAlO_4 laser in the soliton modelocking regime with positive intracavity dispersion","Colin R. Phillips","We demonstrate femtosecond SESAM modelocking in the near-infrared by using cascaded quadratic nonlinearities (phase-mismatched second-harmonic generation, SHG), enabling soliton modelocking in the normal dispersion regime without any dispersion compensating elements. To obtain large and negative self-phase modulation (SPM) we use an intracavity LBO crystal, whose temperature and angles are optimized with respect to SPM, nonlinear losses, and self-starting characteristics. To support femtosecond ",{"id":452,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":453,"piName":454,"institution":455,"country":71,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":456},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-247024","Dispersion tuning with a varifocal diffractive-refractive hybrid lens","Walter Harm","Innsbruck Medical University","We present a hybrid diffractive-refractive optical lens doublet consisting of a varifocal Moiré Fresnel lens and a polymer lens of tunable refractive power. The wide range of focal tunability of each lens and the opposite dispersive characteristics of the diffractive and the refractive element are exploited to obtain an optical system where both the Abbe number and the refractive power can be changed separately. We investigate the performance of the proposed hybrid lens at zero overall refractiv",{"id":458,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":459,"piName":460,"institution":461,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":462},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-daldecs","Reliable LIF\u002FMie droplet sizing in sprays using structured laser illumination planar imaging","Yogeshwar Nath Mishra","Lund University","In this article, Structured Laser Illumination Planar Imaging (SLIPI) is used in combination with the LIF\u002FMie ratio technique for extracting a reliable two-dimensional mapping of the droplets Sauter Mean Diameter (SMD). We show that even for the case of a fairly dilute spray, where single scattering events are in majority, the conventional LIF\u002FMie technique still remains largely affected by errors introduced by multiple light scattering. To remove this unwanted light intensity on both the LIF an",{"id":464,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":465,"piName":466,"institution":467,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":468},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-2010-268670","Identification of an LGP2-associated MDA5 agonist in picornavirus-infected cells","Caetano Reis e Sousa","Cancer Research UK","The RIG-I-like receptors RIG-I, LGP2, and MDA5 initiate an antiviral response that includes production of type I interferons (IFNs). The nature of the RNAs that trigger MDA5 activation in infected cells remains unclear. Here, we purify and characterise LGP2\u002FRNA complexes from cells infected with encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), a picornavirus detected by MDA5 and LGP2 but not RIG-I. We show that those complexes contain RNA that is highly enriched for MDA5-stimulatory activity and for a specifi",{"id":470,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":471,"piName":472,"institution":321,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":473},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-investigator-grant-erc-2009-adg-247143","Spatially Resolved Electrochemistry in Ionic Liquids: Surface Structure Effects on Triiodide Reduction at Platinum Electrodes","Barak D. B. Aaronson","Understanding the relationship between electrochemical activity and electrode structure is vital for improving the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells. Here, the reduction of triiodide to iodide in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIm][BF4]) room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) is investigated on polycrystalline platinum using scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM) and correlated to the crystallographic orientation from electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD). Alth",{"id":475,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":476,"piName":477,"institution":478,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":479},"openalex-european-research-council-award-advanced-grant-supradapt-290585-","Reversible photo-, metallo- and thermo-induced morphological dynamics of bis-acylhydrazones","Jean‐Maríe Lehn","Institut de Science et d'Ingénierie Supramoléculaires","A reversible interconversion-cycle, making use of the multiple dynamic properties of bisacylhydrazones, is presented.",{"id":481,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":482,"piName":341,"institution":483,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-228117","A hybrid photonics based sensor for surface measurement","University of Huddersfield",{"id":485,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":486,"piName":487,"institution":488,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":489},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2010-adg-269693-wasp","Grade Retention and Unobserved Heterogeneity","Robert Gary‐Bobo","Center for Responsible Travel","We study the treatment effect of grade retention using a panel of French junior high-school students, taking unobserved heterogeneity and the endogeneity of grade repetitions into account. We specify a multistage model of human-capital accumulation with a finite number of types representing unobserved individual characteristics. Class-size and latent student-performance indices are assumed to follow finite mixtures of normal distributions. Grade retention may increase or decrease the student's k",{"id":491,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":492,"piName":493,"institution":494,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":495},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-291198","High passive CEP stability from a few-cycle, tunable NOPA-DFG system for observation of CEP-effects in photoemission","Jan Vogelsang","Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg","The investigation of fundamental mechanisms taking place on a femtosecond time scale is enabled by ultrafast pulsed laser sources. Here, the control of pulse duration, center wavelength, and especially the carrier-envelope phase has been shown to be of essential importance for coherent control of high harmonic generation and attosecond physics and, more recently, also for electron photoemission from metallic nanostructures. In this paper we demonstrate the realization of a source of 2-cycle lase",{"id":497,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":498,"piName":499,"institution":500,"country":431,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2008-adg-228144","a-GIZO TFT neural modeling, circuit simulation and validation","Pydi Ganga Bahubalindruni","Universidade do Porto",{"id":502,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":503,"piName":504,"institution":505,"country":506,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-2009325","An extended validation of the last generation of particle finite element method for free surface flows","Juan M. Giménez","Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas","AR",{"id":508,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":509,"piName":510,"institution":511,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":512},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-phyaps","Filling an Emulsion Drop with Motile Bacteria","Ioana D. Vladescu","University of Edinburgh","We have measured the spatial distribution of motile Escherichia coli inside spherical water droplets emulsified in oil. At low cell concentrations, the cell density peaks at the water-oil interface; at increasing concentration, the bulk of each droplet fills up uniformly while the surface peak remains. Simulations and theory show that the bulk density results from a \"traffic\" of cells leaving the surface layer, increasingly due to cell-cell scattering as the surface coverage rises above ∼10%. Ou",{"id":514,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":515,"piName":14,"institution":516,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":517,"abstract":518},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338965","Atmospheric flow Analogues and Climate Change","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","€1,491,457","The A2C2 project treats two major challenges in climate and atmospheric research: the time dependence of the climate attractor to external forcings (solar, volcanic eruptions and anthropogenic), and the attribution of extreme climate events occurring in the northern extra-tropics. The main difficulties are the limited climate information, the computer cost of model simulations, and mathematical assumptions that are hardly verified and often overlooked in the literature.A2C2 proposes a practical ",{"id":520,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":521,"piName":14,"institution":522,"country":523,"year":13,"amount":524,"abstract":525},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339691","Feasibility, logic and randomness in computational complexity","MATEMATICKY USTAV AV CR V.V.I.","CZ","€1,259,596","We will study fundamental problems in complexity theory using means developed in logic, specifically, in the filed of proof complexity. Since these problems seem extremely difficult and little progress has been achieved in solving them, we will prove results that will explain why they are so difficult and in which direction theory should be developed.Our aim is to develop a system of conjectures based on the concepts of feasible incompleteness and pseudorandomness. Feasible incompleteness refers",{"id":527,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":528,"piName":14,"institution":529,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":531,"abstract":532},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339462","Measurement of temperature exposure and integration over time","JOHN INNES CENTRE","UK","€2,499,997","All organisms have to cope with changing temperature and various mechanisms have evolved to protect cellular processes against thermal stresses. Many organisms also use temperature signals to align behaviour and development with certain seasons. How specific temperature cues are extracted from fluctuating temperature levels is unknown but it implies the existence of mechanisms that enable long-term monitoring and integration of the enormously variable temperature levels found in nature. We there",{"id":534,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":535,"piName":14,"institution":536,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":537,"abstract":538},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339656","Monetary Policy and Asset Price Bubbles","Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI)","€799,200","The proposed research project seeks to further our understanding on two important questions for the design of monetary policy:(a) What are the effects of monetary policy interventions on asset price bubbles?(b) How should monetary policy be conducted in the presence of asset price bubbles?The first part of the project will focus on the development of a theoretical framework that can be used to analyze rigorously the implications of alternative monetary policy rules in the presence of asset price",{"id":540,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":541,"piName":14,"institution":542,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":543,"abstract":544},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339871","Superconducting Quantum Networks","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","€3,242,977","Today superconducting electronic circuits are one of the prime physical systems to explore both foundations and technological applications of quantum mechanics.The concept of processing information more efficiently using quantum mechanics has stimulated enormous progress in control and measurement of quantum electronic circuits. Now such circuits are one of the prime contenders for realizing a viable quantum information processor. Similarly, the realization of strong coherent interactions betwee",{"id":546,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":547,"piName":14,"institution":542,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":548,"abstract":549},"cordis-european-research-council-award-341117","Fluid Mechanics in Collective Behaviour: Multiscale Modelling and Applications","€2,498,800","Fluid mechanics are fundamental to collective behaviour in nature and technology. Fluids pervade complex systems at every scale, ranging from fish schools and flocking birds to bacterial colonies and nanoparticles for drug delivery. Despite its importance, little is known about the role of fluid mechanics in such applications. Is  schooling the result of vortex dynamics synthesised by individual fish wakes or the result of behavioural traits? Is fish schooling energetically favourable? How does ",{"id":551,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":552,"piName":14,"institution":542,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":553,"abstract":554},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340975","Quantum Metamaterials in the Ultra Strong Coupling regime","€2,496,560","Due to their mixed photon-electronic excitation character, cavity polaritons have highly interesting properties. Especially interesting is the so-called ultrastrong coupling regime, reached when the strength of the photon-two-level system coupling is larger than the energy of the resonant state. We have recently demonstrated that terahertz metamaterials coupled to high-mobility two-dimensional electron gases is an almost ideal, field-tunable system that enables the exploration of this ultra-stro",{"id":556,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":557,"piName":14,"institution":542,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":559},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339905","Quantum-Dot Plasmonics and Spasers","€2,500,000","This project will fabricate and study devices known as spasers, which are the plasmonic analog of conventional lasers. In general, plasmonic devices exploit electromagnetic waves known as surface plasmon polaritons (herein shortened to surface plasmons) that propagate at the surface of a metal. Because these waves allow light to be concentrated in nanometer-scale volumes (hot spots), they can lead to enhanced light-matter interactions. Consequently, plasmonic structures have been studied for var",{"id":561,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":562,"piName":14,"institution":563,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":564,"abstract":565},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340983","High Precision Simulation of particle collisions at the LHC","UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM","€1,941,144","The recent discovery of a Higgs-boson like resonance at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is a major landmark in the quest to understand the fundamental nature of the Universe. Precise measurements of the properties of the new boson are now mandatory and must be reflected in a similar quest for higher precision from the theory side. We aim to meet this challenge by developing a theoretical framework together with suitable high-precision tools that will guarantee the continued success of th",{"id":567,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":568,"piName":14,"institution":569,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":570,"abstract":571},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339253","Physics of Atoms with Attosecond Light Pulses","LUNDS UNIVERSITET","€2,047,000","The field of attosecond science is now entering the second decade of its existence, with good prospects for breakthroughs in a number of areas. We want to take the next step in this development: from mastering the generation and control of attosecond pulses to breaking new marks starting with the simplest systems, atoms. The aim of the present application is to advance the emerging new research field “Ultrafast Atomic Physics”, where one- or two-electron wave packets are created by absorption of",{"id":573,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":574,"piName":14,"institution":575,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":576,"abstract":577},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340438","Control of the Structure of Light at the Nanoscale","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","€2,493,600","In the last decade, the fields of nanoplasmonics and photonic crystals have opened up the nanoscale for optical control. Both the flow and emission of light can be controlled at these small length scales, giving rise to new science and applications. Interestingly, freely propagating light beams can already contain nanoscale features, i.e. optical singularities. Little is known about this nanoscale structure of light.I propose to (1) reveal the structure of light at the nanoscale and its interact",{"id":579,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":580,"piName":14,"institution":575,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":581,"abstract":582},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339306","Mesoscopic THz impedance microscopy for quantum materials","€2,451,266","An important frontier in condensed matter physics is the understanding of quantum materials in which different ground states compete, leading to electronic inhomogeneity and the concept of ‘quantum electronic liquid crystals’. The challenge for experiments is to measure the local electrodynamic properties in materials, which are electronically inhomogeneous, but atomically homogeneous.I propose a new technique to determine these local variations of the electronic properties. The central objectiv",{"id":584,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":585,"piName":14,"institution":575,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":586},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339681","Integrated Real-time Feedback Control and post-processing for image Restoration","My goal is to develop new computational tools for image restoration by real-time feedback control with full images recorded by a CCD camera. iCON will enable to breakaway from the existing quasi-static Adaptive Optics (AO) or off-line phase diversity approaches. The improvements over these existing image restoration methods are a consequence of three innovative steps taken in this project. The first is the modelling through system identification of the coupled dynamics between the temporal and s",{"id":588,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":589,"piName":14,"institution":590,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":591,"abstract":592},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340045","Investments in a sustainable workforce in Europe: causes and consequences in comparative perspective","UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT","€2,250,949","Economic and demographic trends are impelling the need for a sustainable European workforce, consisting of productive, satisfied employees (micro level), profitable organizations and cohesive workplaces (meso level) and a high employment rate and flourishing economy (macro level). So far comparative research has focused on the micro and macro level. Little is known about the role of organizations and their investments in a sustainable workforce.This groundbreaking research program introduces the",{"id":594,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":595,"piName":14,"institution":590,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":596,"abstract":597},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339647","Coordinating for life. Success and failure of Western European societies in coping with rural hazards and disasters, 1300-1800","€2,227,326","Societies in past and present are regularly confronted with major hazards, which sometimes have disastrous effects. Some societies are successful in preventing these effects and buffering threats, or they recover quickly, while others prove highly vulnerable. Why is this?Increasingly it is clear that disasters are not merely natural events, and also that wealth and technology alone are not adequate to prevent them. Rather, hazards and disasters are social occurrences as well, and they form a tou",{"id":599,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":600,"piName":14,"institution":590,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":601},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340279","An X-ray spectroscopy view on active sites: removing the obscuring silent majority","One of the holy grails in catalytic research is the determination of the structure of the active site. Information on the catalytically active site is notoriously difficult to obtain as it concerns a small minority of states in a sea of other silent states. This silent majority of states obscures the action that takes place on the active states. Because the core hole localizes the final state, X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful local probe of the electronic structure and XAS provi",{"id":603,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":604,"piName":14,"institution":590,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":605},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338846","Supported Nanoparticles for Catalysis: Genesis and Dynamics in the Liquid Phase","Supported metal nanoparticles are used as catalysts to accelerate and steer chemical conversions to produce, e.g., transportation fuels, chemicals and medicines. Albeit of eminent importance, supported metal catalysts are almost exclusively synthesized in liquid-phase processes that are often considered ‘an art rather than a science’. Although recent results from our laboratory and others on the fundamentals of catalysts synthesis have led to many new insights, the lack of methodology to investi",{"id":607,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":608,"piName":14,"institution":609,"country":610,"year":13,"amount":611,"abstract":612},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338849","Guided Nanowires: From Growth Mechanism to Self-Integrating Nanosystems","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","IL","€2,063,872","The large-scale assembly of nanowires (NWs) with controlled orientation on surfaces remains one challenge toward their integration into practical devices. A recent paper in Science from the PI’s group reported the guided growth of millimeter-long horizontal NWs with controlled orientations on crystal surfaces. The growth directions and crystallographic orientation of GaN NWs are controlled by their epitaxial relationship with different planes of sapphire, as well as by a graphoepitaxial effect t",{"id":614,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":615,"piName":14,"institution":609,"country":610,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":616},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340345","Studying in vivo differentiation of monocytes into intestinal macrophages and their impact on gut homeostasis","Monocytes are central players in inflammation. Progress in understanding their differentiation in target tissues bears potential to manipulate their activities for therapeutic purposes. Here we propose to study the generation of intestinal macrophages (MΦs) as a paradigm, taking advantage of a unique experimental system to elucidate in vivo monocyte fates.The intestine hosts billions of bacteria that assist food uptake, but also pose a challenge, as we have to tolerate these beneficial commensal",{"id":618,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":619,"piName":14,"institution":609,"country":610,"year":13,"amount":620,"abstract":621},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339070","Neutral Quasi-Particles in Mesoscopic Physics","€2,428,042","I propose to study ‘neutral excitations’ in 2d and 1d electronic systems.  Such excitations, rarely studied, are unique since they are chargeless but may carry energy.  Being byproducts of electron interaction, they come in a few flavors:  (i) Downstream modes in composite edge channels of the integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) regime; (ii) Upstream modes in the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) regime; and (iii) Zero energy Majorana states (localized or propagating quasi-particles), in non-",{"id":623,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":624,"piName":14,"institution":609,"country":610,"year":13,"amount":625,"abstract":626},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338660","Principles of biomolecular networks","€2,311,000","Cells process information using biochemical circuits of interacting proteins and genes. We wish to define principles guiding the design of those circuits. The interplay between variability and robustness is of key interest to us. Bio-molecular processes are stochastic, environmental conditions fluctuate, and sequence polymorphisms are abundant. How is variability buffered to maintain reproducible outcomes? Can variability enhance computational abilities? What is the impact of variability on bio-",{"id":628,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":629,"piName":14,"institution":630,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":631,"abstract":632},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340507","Twists & more: the complex shape of light","UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW","€1,734,570","My scientific career to date has centered around the phase and intensity shaping of light beams, specifically for the pioneering studies of Orbital angular momentum.I wish to build upon this foundation applying twisted and shaped light to sensing and imaging in both the classical and quantum domains.I will use orbital angular momentum as a new imaging modality and as the basis as a remote sensor of rotational motion.  I will used randomly shaped light beam as a new approach to 3D vision.  I will",{"id":634,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":635,"piName":14,"institution":636,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":637,"abstract":638},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338991","Vascular remodelling and miRNA therapeutics","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","€2,494,944","The central hypothesis of VascmiR is that microRNAs (miRs) fundamentally control pathological remodelling of the vasculature. The complexity of vascular bed heterogeneity and subsequent response to injury, the potential importance of miRNA in vascular pathology and the paucity in knowledge relating to many facets of miRNA function in the vessel wall including target pathways, mechanistic features of miRNA-mediated cell:cell communication mediated by miRNA export and uptake etc. provides an excel",{"id":640,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":641,"piName":14,"institution":630,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":642,"abstract":643},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340117","Advanced Microfluidics & Diagnostics using Acoustic Holograms – Bio-Phononics","€2,208,594","This proposal seeks to develop a novel technique for fluid and particle manipulations, based upon exploiting the mechanical interactions between acoustic waves and phononic. The new platform involves generating surface acoustic waves (SAWs) on piezoelectric chips, but, unlike previous work, the ultrasonic waves are first coupled into a phononic lattice, which is placed in the path of the ultrasonic wave. The phononic lattice comprises a miniaturised array of mechanical elements which modulates t",{"id":645,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":646,"piName":14,"institution":647,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":648,"abstract":649},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340793","Chromatin states in neurogenesis – from understanding chromatin loops to eliciting neurogenesis for repair","HELMHOLTZ ZENTRUM MUENCHEN DEUTSCHES FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FUER GESUNDHEIT UND UMWELT GMBH","€2,376,560","The mechanisms regulating neural stem cells and their progression to neurogenesis are important not only to understand brain development and evolution, but also to elicit neurogenesis after brain injury. Our recent findings imply novel chromatin-associated proteins in the regulation of neural stem cell fate and neurogenesis. Therefore this project aims to understand the molecular mechanisms of how these factors regulate neurogenesis in developing and adult mice (Aim1) and implement this knowledg",{"id":651,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":652,"piName":14,"institution":653,"country":610,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":654},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340140","The Grammar of the Body: Revealing the Foundations of Compositionality in Human Language","UNIVERSITY OF HAIFA","The pioneering framework I propose for the analysis of the foundations of human language – the Grammar of the Body – is inspired by sign language.  My main aim is to create a body-based model of linguistic compositionality and to provide clues of its evolutionary origins.Instead of analysing sign language (and language generally) from the perspective of mental categories, the radical approach I introduce here analyses language from the outside in, from the physical articulators of the face, hand",{"id":656,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":657,"piName":14,"institution":658,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":659},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339431","Regulatory transcriptional networks orchestrating mouse pluripotent embryonic stem cells","STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITEIT","The lack of a quantitative framework around the dynamics of gene expression and its determinants represents a major hurdle for capturing transcription regulation into regulatory models. Embryonic Stem Cells (ESC) provide an excellent cellular model to quantitatively define the principles of gene regulation at the biochemical and (epi)genetic level. In SysStemCell, I will focus on two distinct mouse pluripotent cell states. My recent studies have shown that the epigenome and transcriptome of ESCs",{"id":661,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":662,"piName":14,"institution":658,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":663,"abstract":664},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339813","Magnetism at the time and length scale of the Exchange interaction","€2,495,180","The aim of EXCHANGE is to achieve a breakthrough in the understanding of magnetism and magnetic phase transitions on the time and length scale of the exchange interaction, the strongest force in magnetism. This will be achieved by developing and applying novel, beyond the state-of-the-art femtosecond X-ray and picosecond THz techniques, in combination with laboratory based ultrafast optical techniques and close interaction with new theoretical developments.Magnetism is essentially a phenomenon o",{"id":666,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":667,"piName":14,"institution":658,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":668},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339880","Ecology of anaerobic methane oxidizing microbes","For over a century it was believed that methane (CH4) could only be oxidized by micro-organisms in the presence of oxygen. The possibility of nitrate-dependent or metal-dependent anaerobic oxidation of CH4 (AOM) was generally dismissed. However, about 6 years ago the microbes responsible for the nitrate-AOM reaction were discovered. This was followed by molecular approaches that resulted in the identification of the responsible Methylomirabilis oxyfera bacteria. Recently, the widespread environm",{"id":670,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":671,"piName":14,"institution":672,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":673,"abstract":674},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340060","ONCOLYTIC HERPESVIRUSES RETARGETED TO CANCER- SPECIFIC RECEPTORS","ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - UNIVERSITA DI BOLOGNA","€2,477,346","Cancer remains a major health burden worldwide. The aggressive targeting of metabolic pathways shared by normal and cancer cells results in prolonged survival and cures, but at a tremendous cost to patient life quality. What is missing is a therapeutic agent that clearly differentiates normal and cancer cells. This proposal delineates a process for killing exclusively cancer cells with no interference with normal cells. In the past two decades there has been considerable effort to develop attenu",{"id":676,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":677,"piName":14,"institution":678,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":679},"cordis-european-research-council-award-320377","Networked Pico-Satellite Distributed System Control","ZENTRUM FUR TELEMATIK EV","A paradigm shift is emerging in spacecraft engineering from single, large, and multifunctional satellites towards cooperating groups of small satellites. This will enable innovative applications in areas like Earth observation or telecommunication. Related interdisciplinary research in the field of formation control and networked satellites are key challenges of this proposal.Modern miniaturization techniques allow realization of satellites of continuously smaller masses, thus enabling cost-effi",{"id":681,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":682,"piName":14,"institution":683,"country":289,"year":13,"amount":684,"abstract":685},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340889","Stability Islands: Performance Revolution in Machining","BUDAPESTI MUSZAKI ES GAZDASAGTUDOMANYI EGYETEM","€2,573,000","Cutting went through a revolution in the 1990s when high-speed milling (HSM) was introduced: the sculpture-like workpieces produced with high precision and efficiency resulted in one order of magnitude less parts in cars\u002Faircrafts, which kept this traditional technology competitive at the turn of the century. This has been followed by an incremental development when not just the cutting speeds, but depths of cut and feed rates are pushed to limits, too.The limits are where harmful vibrations occ",{"id":687,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":688,"piName":14,"institution":689,"country":71,"year":13,"amount":690,"abstract":691},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340506","Challenges in Graph Algorithms with Applications","UNIVERSITAT WIEN","€2,428,258","This project has two thrusts of equal importance. Firstly, it aims to develop new graph algorithmic techniques, specifically in the areas of dynamic graph algorithms, online algorithms and approximation algorithms for graph-based optimization problems. Thus, it proposes to solve long-standing, fundamental problems that are central to the field of algorithms. Secondly, it plans to apply these techniques to graph algorithmic problems in different fields of application, specifically in computer-aid",{"id":693,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":694,"piName":14,"institution":689,"country":71,"year":13,"amount":695,"abstract":696},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339382","The Emergence of Relativism -- Historical, Philosophical and Sociological Perspectives","€2,494,982","Although philosophers as well as scientists are frequently involved in debates over the threat or promise of relativism, there has been little detailed historical, philosophical or sociological work on its emergence and early development. This project addresses this lacuna in a fundamentally new way: it investigates the history of relativism in the German-speaking world (and to some degree, beyond) in the 19th and early 20th century across several disciplines--philosophy, physiology, psychology,",{"id":698,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":699,"piName":14,"institution":700,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":701,"abstract":702},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340884","3D Reconstruction and Modeling across Different Levels of Abstraction","RHEINISCH-WESTFAELISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE AACHEN","€2,482,000","Digital 3D models are gaining more and more importance in diverse application fields ranging from computer graphics, multimedia and simulation sciences to engineering, architecture, and medicine. Powerful technologies to digitize the 3D shape of real objects and scenes are becoming available even to consumers.  However, the raw geometric data emerging from, e.g., 3D scanning or multi-view stereo often lacks a consistent structure and meta-information which are necessary for the effective deploym",{"id":704,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":705,"piName":14,"institution":700,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":706,"abstract":707},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340698","Tuning Disorder in Chalcogenides  to realize Advanced Functional Devices","€2,186,000","Better performance of future computers and communication equipment requires substantially higher speeds of switching devices at lower energy consumption. Those requirements can only be achieved by substantial improvement of the transport properties of the materials employed. The transport of charge and heat is strongly influenced by disorder. In recent years we have found a unique class of crystalline materials which combines an exceptionally high, yet tuneable degree of disorder with remarkable",{"id":709,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":710,"piName":14,"institution":516,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":711,"abstract":712},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340519","FOLLOWING THE MOST MASSIVE GALAXY CLUSTERS ACROSS COSMIC TIME","€2,456,035","Our project aims at testing the standard LCDM scenario for the formation of collapsed structures. Taking advantage of the advent of cluster detection via the SZ effect, we will use the most massive clusters of galaxies and their evolution as laboratory. We build on the Planck SZ survey, the first All Sky survey since the RASS X-ray survey. We will substantially extend the nominal Planck cluster catalogue by developing novel detection techniques based on a simultaneous search of objects in Planck",{"id":714,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":715,"piName":14,"institution":716,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":717,"abstract":718},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339541","AMPA Receptor Dynamic Organization and Synaptic transmission in health and disease","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€2,491,157","AMPA glutamate receptors (AMPAR) play key roles in information processing by the brain as they mediate nearly all fast excitatory synaptic transmission. Their spatio-temporal organization in the post synapse with respect to presynaptic glutamate release sites is a key determinant in synaptic transmission. The activity-dependent regulation of AMPAR organization is at the heart of synaptic plasticity processes underlying learning and memory. Dysfunction of synaptic transmission - hence AMPAR organ",{"id":720,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":721,"piName":14,"institution":722,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":723,"abstract":724},"cordis-european-research-council-award-341222","Integrable Systems in Gauge and String Theory","STOCKHOLMS UNIVERSITET","€1,693,692","The project is aimed at uncovering new links between integrable systems, string theory and quantum field theory. The goal is to study non-perturbative phenomena in strongly-coupled field theories, and to understand relationship between gauge fields and strings at a deeper level.",{"id":726,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":727,"piName":14,"institution":728,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":729,"abstract":730},"cordis-european-research-council-award-334828","Mapping the Complexity of Counting","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","€2,499,093","Just as advances in engineering rely on a deep foundational knowledge of physics, so too advances in algorithms and programming rely on a deep knowledge of the intrinsic nature of computation. Significant progress has been made, particularly in the field of computational complexity, which aims to discover which computational problems are feasible, which are inherently infeasible, and why. However, huge theoretical challenges remain: many problem classes are poorly understood, including those con",{"id":732,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":733,"piName":14,"institution":728,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":734,"abstract":735},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340540","The Cult of Saints: a christendom-wide study of its origins, spread and development","€2,499,240","An investigation of the origins and development of a central feature of late-antique, medieval and modern culture: the belief that dead saints can act as mediators between a distant God and humankind, and that they are active on earth in many different ways (such as healing the sick, punishing the irreverent, or even controlling the weather).The project will investigate the emergence of this belief by systematically collecting all the available evidence - across several academic disciplines and ",{"id":737,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":738,"piName":14,"institution":728,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":739,"abstract":740},"cordis-european-research-council-award-321162","Towards Total Scene Understanding using Structured Models","€2,493,495","This project is at the interface between computer vision and linguistics: the aim is to have an algorithm generate relevant sentences that describe a scene given one or more images.Scene understanding has been one of the central goals in computer vision for many decades. It involves various individual tasks, such as object recognition, action understanding and 3D scene recovery. One simple definition of this task is to say scene understanding is equivalent to being able to generate meaningful na",{"id":742,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":743,"piName":14,"institution":728,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":744,"abstract":745},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340121","The Diseases of Modern Life: Nineteenth-Century Perspectives","€2,362,659","In our current ‘Information Age’ we suffer as never before, it is claimed, from the stresses of an overload of information, and the speed of global networks. The Victorians diagnosed similar problems in the nineteenth century. The medic James Crichton Browne spoke in 1860 of the ‘velocity of thought and action’ now required, and of the stresses imposed on the brain forced to process in a month more information ‘than was required of our grandfathers in the course of a lifetime’. This project will",{"id":747,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":748,"piName":14,"institution":749,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":750,"abstract":751},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340528","The physical basis of cellular mechanochemical control circuits","GEORG-AUGUST-UNIVERSITAT GOTTINGEN STIFTUNG OFFENTLICHEN RECHTS","€2,425,200","Biological cells possess a chemical “sense of smell” and a physical “sense of touch”. Structure, dynamics, development, differentiation and even apoptosis of cells are guided by physical stimuli feeding into a regulatory network integrating biochemical and mechanical signals. Cells are equipped with both, force-generating structures, and stress sensors including force-sensitive structural proteins or mechanosensitive ion channels. Pathways from force sensing to structural and transcriptional con",{"id":753,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":754,"piName":14,"institution":755,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":756,"abstract":757},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339842","Mutation-driven immunoediting of human cancer?","EBERHARD KARLS UNIVERSITAET TUEBINGEN","€2,499,960","It is well documented that each human cancer has acquired a large number of mutations (50-500), some of which are drivers for tumorigenicity, others of which are indolent passengers. It has also been established that such mutations can be recognized by the patient´s T cells via the presentation of mutated peptides on HLA molecules of a tumor cell. If such immune responses against cancer mutations are generally relevant for cancer development (according to Paul Ehrlich´s hypothesis), one can pred",{"id":759,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":760,"piName":14,"institution":761,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":762,"abstract":763},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339918","Memory-enabled Optical Quantum Communications and Information Networks","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","€1,738,404","The primary objective of this proposal is to build a large-scale photonic quantum network in order to enter a new and different regime of macroscopic quantum behaviour for light. We intend to implement a network of sufficient scale that the behaviour of the system is uncomputable, and that new physics will emerge from the study of its dynamics that will inform research in a number of fields dealing with complex systems, from fundamental physics to biology. This network will also enable new modes",{"id":765,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":766,"piName":14,"institution":761,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":767,"abstract":768},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339140","Gravity, Black Holes and Strongly Coupled Quantum Matter","€1,963,542","States of matter in which the interactions between the microscopic constituents are both strong and quantum mechanical lie at the frontier of our understanding of nature. Such states appear in a wide variety of settings including high temperature superconductors, gases of cold atoms and the quark- gluon plasma created in the high-energy collisions of nuclei. Understanding the properties of such strongly coupled quantum matter poses huge conceptual challenges because standard perturbative techniq",{"id":770,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":771,"piName":14,"institution":761,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":772,"abstract":773},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340719","Development of a Bio-Inspired Blood Factory for Personalised Healthcare","€2,498,903","Personalized medicine is a medical model that proposes the customization of healthcare, with decisions and practices being tailored to the individual patient by use of patient-specific information and\u002For application of patient-specific cell-based therapies. BioBlood aims to deliver personalised healthcare through a “step change” in the clinical field of haemato-oncology. BioBlood represents an engineered bio-inspired integrated experimental\u002Fmodelling platform for normal and abnormal haematopoies",{"id":775,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":776,"piName":14,"institution":728,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":777},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339251","Bridging the Evolution and Epidemiology of HIV in Europe","The aim of the BEEHIVE project is to generate novel insight into HIV biology, evolution and epidemiology, leveraging next-generation high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics to produce and analyse whole-genomes of viruses from approximately 3,000 European HIV-1 infected patients. These patients have known dates of infection spread over the last 25 years, good clinical follow up, and a wide range of clinical prognostic indicators and outcomes. The primary objective is to discover the viral g",{"id":779,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":780,"piName":14,"institution":761,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":781,"abstract":782},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339523","Rigidity and global deformations in dynamics","€2,228,829","Proposal Summary: While there have been tremendous advances in one-dimensional dynamics, higher-dimensional systems are far less well understood. This novel programme of work will take paradigms from one-dimensional dynamics to apply to the higher-dimensional case. In so doing, it will answer a number of long-standing questions of major significance and open up the field for sustained future investigation. The current emphasis on conformal (complex-analytic) techniques will be supplemented in th",{"id":784,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":785,"piName":14,"institution":786,"country":787,"year":13,"amount":788,"abstract":789},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340200","Wearable Augmented Reality 3D Displays","KOC UNIVERSITY","TR","€2,496,525","Wearable displays have advanced rapidly over the past few decades but they are limited in field-of-view due to optical constraints. Likewise, 3D displays have several technological and viewing discomfort limitations. These limitations result from the missing 3D depth cues in stereoscopic displays, which are essential for real 3D and for interactive augmented reality (AR) applications. Wear3D proposal aims to overcome the two fundamental scientific challenges of wearable displays and make them as",{"id":791,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":792,"piName":14,"institution":793,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":794,"abstract":795},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340904","Molecular inventions underlying the evolution of the nitrogen-fixing root nodule symbiosis","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€2,494,114","Crop production worldwide is sustained through nitrogen fertilizer produced via the energy-demanding Haber-Bosch process. One group of closely related plants evolved to become independent of nitrogen from the soil by engaging in symbiosis with bacteria that convert atmospheric nitrogen to plant-usable ammonium and are hosted within specialized organs, the root nodules. Nodulation evolved several times independently but exclusively in four related orders, the Fabales, Fagales, Cucurbitales and Ro",{"id":797,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":798,"piName":14,"institution":793,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":799,"abstract":800},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339256","Paratexts of the Bible. Analysis and Edition of the Greek Textual Transmission","€2,496,642","This project takes a new look at an old text. The Bible is a fundamental book for the history of religious beliefs, cultural history, art history as well as many other fields. For centuries it has been read and copied multiple times. Thousands of medieval manuscripts survive. The process of transmission is considered here from a totally new perspective. While biblical manuscripts have so far been largely analysed as witnesses to an original text (“Urtext”), this project approaches each manuscrip",{"id":802,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":803,"piName":14,"institution":793,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":804,"abstract":805},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339991","ROtational Motions: a new observable for seismologY","€2,488,907","When the ground shakes from earthquakes, the oceans, or the atmosphere, it not only translates (up-down, sideways), but also undergoes rotational motions. To fully characterize seismic sources and wave fields theoreticians have insisted for decades that these motions should also be measured. However, this was hampered by the substantial technical difficulties in observing rotational motions with the necessary sensitivity. This implies that the observation of the complete ground motion is still a",{"id":807,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":808,"piName":14,"institution":809,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":810,"abstract":811},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338954","Innovative drugs targeting IDO molecular dynamics in autoimmunity and neoplasia","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA","€2,442,078","Catabolism of amino acids is an ancient survival strategy that also controls immune responses in mammals. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a tryptophan catabolizing enzyme, is recognized as an authentic regulator of immunity in several physiopathologic conditions, including autoimmune diseases, in which it is often defective, and neoplasia, in which it promotes immune unresponsiveness. The PI’s group recently revealed that IDO does not merely degrade tryptophan and produce immunoregulatory kyn",{"id":813,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":814,"piName":14,"institution":815,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":816,"abstract":817},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339245","MULTIAX: Multiaxial and Multiscale Plasticity in Metals","PAUL SCHERRER INSTITUT","€2,499,900","Our ambition is to probe the influence of non-proportional multiaxial straining on the multiscale aspects of metal plasticity with focus on three deformation mechanisms: dislocation plasticity in bcc metals, mechanical twinning in fcc metals and the martensitic phase transformation. These mechanisms play a key role in modern TWIP and TRIP steels, yet about their response to multiaxial loading not much is known.The underlying hypothesis of this research project is that by performing biaxial defor",{"id":819,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":820,"piName":14,"institution":821,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":822,"abstract":823},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339198","Macroscopic Entanglement in Crystals","UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE","€1,693,500","Quantum theory is often presented as the theory of the microscopic world. However, over the last decade, things have changed dramatically. Today one can envision manipulating large quantum systems, while mastering individual degrees of freedom. It is thus timely to ask entirely new questions on the quantum\u002Fclassical transition and to support these by experimental investigations of large entanglement. The vision of this project is to explore conceptually, experimentally and technologically the li",{"id":825,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":826,"piName":14,"institution":821,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":827,"abstract":828},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340297","From maps to principles: Syntactic cartography and locality in adult grammars and language acquisition","€2,499,318","The project aims to break new ground in syntax and acquisition by combining three main strands of research:1.The cartography of syntactic structures, which attempts to draw detailed maps of syntactic configurations.2.The theory of syntactic locality, with special reference to intervention and delimitation principles.3.The minimalist investigation of the fundamental ingredients of syntactic computations.Interconnected issues of cartography and locality will be addressed both in the adult grammar,",{"id":830,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":831,"piName":14,"institution":821,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":832,"abstract":833},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339105","Morphogenetic growth control by time derivatives of signaling","€2,499,509","How do naïve cells in a developing tissue know when to divide and when to stop dividing when the tissue reaches its final size? How do they acquire information about their position to generate morphological patterns? Morphogen gradients have been shown to control pattern formation and growth. While the mechanisms of patterning are starting to be understood, the mechanism of growth by morphogens is not yet deciphered.In a few recent reports, we studied the biophysics and cell biology of the Dpp m",{"id":835,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":836,"piName":14,"institution":821,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":837,"abstract":838},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340340","Complex analysis and statistical physics","€1,995,900","The goal of this project is to achieve breakthroughs in a few fundamental questions in 2D statistical physics, using techniques from complex analysis, probability, dynamical systems, geometric measure theory and theoretical physics.Over the last decade, we significantly expanded our understanding of 2D lattice models of statistical physics, their conformally invariant scaling limits and related random geometries. However, there seem to be serious obstacles, preventing further development and req",{"id":840,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":841,"piName":14,"institution":821,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":842,"abstract":843},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340243","Moduli of flat connections, planar networks and associators","€2,148,211","The project lies at the crossroads between three different topics in Mathematics: moduli spaces of flat connections on surfaces in Differential Geometry and Topology, the Kashiwara-Vergne problem and Drinfeld associators in Lie theory, and combinatorics of planar networks in the theory of Total Positivity.The time is ripe to establish deep connections between these three theories. The main factors are the recent progress in the Kashiwara-Vergne theory (including the proof of the Kashiwara-Vergne",{"id":845,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":846,"piName":14,"institution":847,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":848,"abstract":849},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339539","Adversary-Oriented Computing","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE","€2,147,012","Recent technological evolutions, including the cloud, the multicore, the social and the mobiles ones, are turning computing ubiquitously distributed. Yet, building high-assurance distributed programs is notoriously challenging. One of the main reasons is that these systems usually seek to achieve several goals at the same time. In short, they need to be efficient, responding effectively in various average-case conditions, as well as reliable, behaving correctly in severe, worst-case conditions. ",{"id":851,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":852,"piName":14,"institution":847,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":853,"abstract":854},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339081","Predictive Computational Metallurgy","€2,347,920","Why is there no “Moore’s Law” for the creation of stronger and more durable metals?  Because there is a unique complexity to mechanical properties of metals: the strength, hardening, embrittlement, fracture, and fatigue are controlled by multi-defect interactions (dislocations\u002Fsolutes\u002Fprecipitates\u002Fgrain boundaries).  However, such multi-defect interactions are beyond the scope of analytical elasticity theory, and thus require a deeper inquiry at atomistic and quantum scales.  And observed macros",{"id":856,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":857,"piName":14,"institution":847,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":858,"abstract":859},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340260","Roles of Palmitoylation networks in ER architecture and functions","€2,443,949","The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the largest intracellular organelle of mammalian cells. It fulfills major functions such as folding and quality control of membrane proteins, lipid biosynthesis, calcium storage, and modulation of apoptosis. This diversity of functions is accompanied by a complex 3D architecture, the maintenance of which is essential, since alterations lead to disease. How this architecture is generated, how proteins localize to specific subdomains and how structure and function",{"id":861,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":862,"piName":14,"institution":847,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":863,"abstract":864},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339970","The Drosophila-Spiroplasma interaction as a model to dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying insect endosymbiosis","€1,963,926","Virtually every species of insect harbors facultative bacterial endosymbionts that are transmitted from females to their offspring, often in the egg cytoplasm. These symbionts play crucial roles in the biology of their hosts. Many manipulate host reproduction in order to spread within host populations. Others increase the fitness of their hosts under certain conditions. For example, increasing tolerance to heat or protecting their hosts against natural enemies. Over the past decade, our understa",{"id":866,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":867,"piName":14,"institution":847,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":868,"abstract":869},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339147","Engineering Cytokines for Super-Affinity Binding to Matrix in Regenerative Medicine","€2,368,170","In physiological situations, the extracellular matrix (ECM) sequesters cytokines, localizes them, and modulates their signaling. Thus, physiological signaling from cytokines occurs primarily when the cytokines are interacting with the ECM. In therapeutic use of cytokines, however, this interaction and balance have not been respected; rather the growth factors are merely injected or applied as soluble molecules, perhaps in controlled release forms. This has led to modest efficacy and substantial ",{"id":871,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":872,"piName":14,"institution":847,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":873,"abstract":874},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340227","Dissecting the mechanisms governing centriole formation","€2,499,270","Centrioles are critical for the formation of cilia, flagella and centrosomes, as well as for human health. The mechanisms governing centriole formation constitute a long-standing question in cell biology. We will pursue an innovative multidisciplinary research program to gain further insight into these mechanisms, using human cells, C. elegans and Trichonympha as model systems. This program is expected to also have a major impact by contributing a novel cell free assay to the field, thus paving ",{"id":876,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":877,"piName":14,"institution":878,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":879,"abstract":880},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340511","Entirely Self-organized: Arrayed Single-Particle-in-a-Cavity Reactors for Highly Efficient and Selective Catalytic\u002FPhotocatalytic Energy Conversion and Solar Light Reaction Engineering","FRIEDRICH-ALEXANDER-UNIVERSITAET ERLANGEN-NUERNBERG","€2,427,000","The proposal is built on the core idea to use an ensemble of multiple level self-organization processes to create a next generation photocatalytic platform that provides unprecedented property and reactivity control. As a main output, the project will yield a novel highly precise combined catalyst\u002Fphotocatalyst assembly to: 1) provide a massive step ahead in photocatalytic applications such as direct solar hydrogen generation, pollution degradation (incl. CO2 decomposition), N2 fixation, or phot",{"id":882,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":883,"piName":14,"institution":878,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":884},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340625","Free space photon atom coupling - the art of focusing","A conceptually simple but radically new approach will be explored and developed: the interaction of light with a single atom in free space. No experiment has yet come close to the highest possible coupling efficiency attainable in such a fundamental system. The usual way of enhancing light-matter coupling is to place an atom inside a cavity. Another approach involves setting the atom in the near field of a plasmonic antenna. The free space approach, however, is special: a light field matched to ",{"id":886,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":887,"piName":14,"institution":888,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":889,"abstract":890},"cordis-european-research-council-award-341206","Optical Ultra-Sensor","KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLAN","€2,499,958","This project aims at pushing the limits of optical sensing on a microchip by orders of magnitude, thereby allowing for ultra-high sensitivity in optical detection and enabling first-time-ever demonstrations of several optical sensing principles on a microchip. My idea is based upon our distributed-feedback lasers in rare-earth-ion-doped aluminum oxide waveguides on a silicon chip with ultra-narrow linewidths of 1 kHz, corresponding to Q-factors exceeding 10^11, intra-cavity laser intensities of ",{"id":892,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":893,"piName":14,"institution":894,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":895,"abstract":896},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339220","Classical and Atomic Quantum Simulation of Gauge Theories in Particle and Condensed Matter Physics","UNIVERSITAET BERN","€1,975,242","Gauge theories play a central role in particle and condensed matter physics. Heavy-ion collisions explore the strong dynamics of quarks and gluons, which also governs the deep interior of neutron stars, while strongly correlated electrons determine the physics of high-temperature superconductors and spin liquids. Numerical simulations of such systems are often hindered by sign problems. In quantum link models - an alternative formulation of gauge theories developed by the applicant - gauge field",{"id":898,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":899,"piName":14,"institution":900,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":901,"abstract":902},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339392","Multiscale Extended Computational Homogenization for the  Mechanical design of Advanced Materials","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN","€2,489,197","The bottom-up design of advanced materials with unprecedented mechanical properties is a grand challenge, requiring reliable multiscale methods. This proposal targets a novel extended multiscale computational homogenization framework, in order to make a breakthrough in lifting scale separation limits restricting existing scale bridging methods. This method enables designs using groundbreaking concepts, as used in advanced mechanical metamaterials, offering superb properties in e.g. energy absorp",{"id":904,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":905,"piName":14,"institution":900,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":906,"abstract":907},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339031","Solar Energy Conversion in Molecular Multi-Junctions","€2,493,585","The project focuses on investigating and developing novel principles for solar-to-electricity and solar-to-fuel conversion using organic semiconductors and employing multiple photons in a process that mimics natural photosynthesis. The goal is to develop efficient solar energy convertors based on cheap and abundant materials that offer prospects to be employed on large scale and contribute to global conversion and storage of solar energy.Presently, state-of-the-art polymer solar cells reach powe",{"id":909,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":910,"piName":14,"institution":911,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":912},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339237","Understanding death-receptor signaling and physiology in the nervous system: A roadmap for the development of new treatments to neurodegenerative diseases and neurotrauma","KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET","The aim of this proposal is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and physiological relevance of death-receptor signaling in the nervous system and to harness this knowledge for the development of novel treatments to neurodegenerative diseases and neurotrauma. The main focus is on the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR), which is predominantly expressed in the developing nervous system and is highly induced upon different types of adult neural injury. Additional studies on other death receptors, ",{"id":914,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":915,"piName":14,"institution":911,"country":144,"year":13,"amount":916,"abstract":917},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338936","An in vivo imaging approach to understand pancreatic beta-cell signal-transduction","€2,499,590","The challenge in cell physiology\u002Fpathology today is to translate in vitro findings to the living organism. We have developed a unique approach where signal-transduction can be investigated in vivo non-invasively, longitudinally at single cell resolution, using the anterior chamber of the eye as a natural body window for imaging. We will use this approach to understand how the universally important and highly complex signal Ca2+ is regulated in the pancreatic beta-cell, while localized in the vas",{"id":919,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":920,"piName":14,"institution":921,"country":922,"year":13,"amount":923,"abstract":924},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339953","Eukaryotic Regulated RNA Catabolism","AARHUS UNIVERSITET","DK","€2,497,960","Regulation and fidelity of gene expression is fundamental to the differentiation and maintenance of all living organisms. While historically attention has been focused on the process of transcriptional activation, we predict that RNA turnover pathways are equally important for gene expression regulation. This has been implied for selected protein-coding RNAs (mRNAs) but is virtually unexplored for non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).The intention of the EURECA proposal is to establish cutting-edge ",{"id":926,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":927,"piName":14,"institution":928,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":929},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339129","Development and application of global lipidomic arrays to inflammatory vascular disease","CARDIFF UNIVERSITY","How lipids are regulated on a global scale during vascular inflammation is not known.  Thus, a major challenge exists to describe and catalog the total lipidome, in particular enabling the identification of new biologically active lipids, and description of changes. This is analogous to ‘omics’ of DNA, RNA and protein, but instead describing diversity of lipids in tissue samples.  Importantly, this would encompass not only knowns, but also the vast number of unknowns that have not yet been catal",{"id":931,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":932,"piName":14,"institution":933,"country":33,"year":13,"amount":934,"abstract":935},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340020","Genetic links between development and evolution of the human cerebral cortex","VIB VZW","€2,473,937","The mechanisms underlying the evolution of the human brain constitute one of the most fascinating unresolved questions of biology. The cerebral cortex has evolved rapidly in size and complexity in the hominid lineage, which is likely linked to quantitative and qualitative divergence in patterns of cortical development.On the other hand, comparative genomics has revealed recently the existence of a number of hominid-specific genes, which constitute attractive candidates to underlie critical aspec",{"id":937,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":938,"piName":14,"institution":933,"country":33,"year":13,"amount":939,"abstract":940},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340429","From zebrafish to man Modifying amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS): translation of biology into therapy","€2,467,990","Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease of the motor neurons. As for other neurodegenerative disorders, translation of newly acquired biological insights into therapies has been difficult. In the current project we intend to contribute to the development of therapeutic approaches for ALS. We want to generate novel models, identify new therapeutic targets for intervention, and translate these into validated options for drug development in ALS. This will be done by",{"id":942,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":943,"piName":14,"institution":933,"country":33,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":944},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340941","Cytokine Receptor Signaling Revisited: Implementing novel concepts for cytokine-based therapies","Cytokine receptor signaling is an essential part of the intercellular communication networks that govern key physiological processes in the body. Cytokine dysfunction is associated with numerous pathologies including autoimmune disorders and cancer, and both cytokines and cytokine antagonists have found their way into the clinic. Yet, there are still many unfulfilled promises and opportunities. In this project we will reinvestigate key aspects of cytokine receptor activation and signaling using ",{"id":946,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":947,"piName":14,"institution":933,"country":33,"year":13,"amount":948,"abstract":949},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339341","Atlas of  leaf growth regulatory networks in MAIZE","€2,418,429","Understanding how organisms regulate size is one of the most fascinating open questions in biology. The aim of the AMAIZE project is to unravel how growth of maize leaves is controlled. Maize leaf development offers great opportunities to study the dynamics of growth regulatory networks, essentially because leaf development is a linear system with cell division at the leaf basis followed by cell expansion and maturation. Furthermore, the growth zone is relatively large allowing easy access of ti",{"id":951,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":952,"piName":14,"institution":953,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":954,"abstract":955},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340588","Genetic\u002Fepigenetic basis of ethnic differences in cancer predisposition","UNIVERSITE DE LAUSANNE","€2,495,425","Integration of large scale genetic and epigenetic analysis needs to be coupled with well defined biological hypotheses that can be experimentally tested. This project is aimed at developing a novel integrated approach to understand genetic and epigenetic predisposition to cancer with skin as model system.The Caucasian (West European) and Asian (East Asian) populations differ substantially in their predisposition to skin cancer, specifically Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC). The underlying mechanism",{"id":957,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":958,"piName":14,"institution":953,"country":39,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":959},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340368","The language of astrocytes: multilevel analysis to understand astrocyte communication and its role in memory-related brain operations and in cognitive behavior","In the 90s, two landmark observations brought to a paradigm shift about the role of astrocytes in brain function: 1) astrocytes respond to signals coming from other cells with transient Ca2+ elevations; 2) Ca2+ transients in astrocytes trigger release of neuroactive and vasoactive agents. Since then, many modulatory astrocytic actions and mechanisms were described, forming a complex - partly contradictory - picture, in which the exact roles and modes of astrocyte action remain ill defined. Our p",{"id":961,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":962,"piName":14,"institution":963,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":964},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340040","HiPERCAM: A high-speed camera for the study of rapid variability in the Universe","THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD","When stars die, they form white dwarfs, neutron stars or black holes. These are key objects in astrophysics as their extreme gravities, densities and pressures allow us to test our theories of fundamental physics at the limits of their predictive powers. One of the best ways of studying white dwarfs, neutron stars and black holes is via their variations in brightness. Unfortunately, due to the small physical sizes of these objects, they are extremely faint and their variability occurs on timesca",{"id":966,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":967,"piName":14,"institution":963,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":968,"abstract":969},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338895","Powering cells with light: the synthetic biology of photosynthesis","€2,484,955","Billions of tonnes of chlorophylls are synthesised every year, then incorporated into the photosynthetic complexes that harvest and trap the solar energy that powers the biosphere. An understanding of the mechanisms that deliver chlorophylls to the growing photosynthetic apparatus is important for fundamental reasons, and also for future exploitation of photosynthesis as an energy source.The SYNTHPHOTO project comprises two interlinked sections: the first (SP1) will provide a step change in our ",{"id":971,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":972,"piName":14,"institution":973,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":974,"abstract":975},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340534","RECONCILING ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EUROPE: VALUES, IDEAS AND POLITICS","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO","€2,496,904","The welfare state (WS) and the EU are two precious legacies of the XX century. Their mutual relationship has been however fraught by unresolved tensions (and a potential “clash”), which the recent crisis seems to have markedly exacerbated. The project purpose is to develop a new theory on the genetic roots of such tensions, their temporal swings, the possible institutional solutions and their political pre-conditions.The WS serves essential economic, social and political functions. The EU (EMU i",{"id":977,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":978,"piName":14,"institution":973,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":979,"abstract":980},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338999","Noncoding and Translational Modulation of Gene Expression and Epigenetic Changes","€2,496,000","Gene expression studies rely on high throughput techniques, which do not take in account conceptual limits. I will overcome this situation by exploiting two biological facts. First, RNAs that are important in tissue function are a subset of the global mass, but are always associated with the ribosomal machinery and as such should be identified. Second, gene expression is the outcome of dynamic fluctuations that with time create a unique expression pattern. We need to dynamically label cell popul",{"id":982,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":983,"piName":14,"institution":984,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":985},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339239","Performance-based Innovation Rewards","UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL LANCASHIRE","REWARD will open up new horizons in complementing the international intellectual property rights (IPR) system. The project's ambitious output is an ethically and legally sound performance-based reward mechanism for pharmaceutical innovation, which complements the existing patent regime, yet mitigates its considerable disadvantages for the global poor.The current IPR system impedes access to life-saving medicines for the poor in two main ways. First, high prices for pharmaceutical innovations are",{"id":987,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":988,"piName":14,"institution":989,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":990,"abstract":991},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339743","Unravelling the Cosmic Reionization History","STICHTING NEDERLANDSE WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK INSTITUTEN","€2,952,628","One of the frontier cosmological research themes of the past decade has been the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). This era marked the start of the formation of visible baryonic structures: stars, (dwarf-)galaxies, clusters and the cosmic web. Some top level questions surrounding COsmic REionization are: When did it start ?”, “How long did it take ?”, “What were the main ionizing sources ?”, and “What did the Universe look like during this crucial evolutionary phase ?  Simulations of reionization sug",{"id":993,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":994,"piName":14,"institution":636,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":995,"abstract":996},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339747","A Total Photon Camera for Molecular Imaging of Live Cells","€2,280,232","How can we construct a high-resolution camera capable of imaging the time-of-arrival, polarisation and wavelength of each of the maximal 10Gphoton\u002Fs emitted from a labelled, biological cell?Such a measurement would capture the complete information available in the optical signal, and significantly enhance our ability to observe the organisation, movement and interactions of cellular components at molecular scales. Advances in single molecule light microscopy are steadily improving our understand",{"id":998,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":999,"piName":14,"institution":1000,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1001},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339829","How citizens try to influence politics and why. International comparisons of movement and party politics","STICHTING VU","Protests in ‘new’ democracies about ‘stolen elections’, demonstrations in ‘old’ democracies against austerity measures, occupied squares all over the world against inequality and for better governance. Some argue that contentious politics gains importance and party politics declines. Is that so and why would that be? Why is it that some individuals engage in politics while others remain apathetic? Why is it that some citizens take the electoral route, while others engage in contentious politics?",{"id":1003,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1004,"piName":14,"institution":1005,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":1006,"abstract":1007},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339977","Novel vaccine generation for the treatment of cancer. A glyco-nanomedial approach instructing T cells","STICHTING AMSTERDAM UMC","€2,498,736","There is an urgent need to develop vaccines for the induction of CD8+ T-cell immunity to treat cancer and infectious diseases. Dendritic Cells (DC) have shown potential to induce antigen specific CD8+ T-cell responses with the help of CD4+ T cells, yet the efficacy by which the induction is achieved still has its limitations. The main challenge is: (a) to increase targeting efficacy to the complete repertoire of DC subsets; (b) to trigger T-cell responses by the DC that is powerful enough to eli",{"id":1009,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1010,"piName":14,"institution":1011,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":1012,"abstract":1013},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340863","Pattern formation and mineral self-organization in highly alkaline natural environments","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","€2,431,771","The precipitation of alkaline-earth carbonates in silica-rich alkaline solutions yields nanocrystalline aggregates that develop non-crystallographic morphologies. These purely inorganic hierarchical materials, discovered by the IP of this project, form under geochemically plausible conditions and closely resemble typical biologically induced mineral textures and shapes, thus the name ‘biomorphs’. The existence of silica biomorphs has questioned the use morphology as an unambiguous criterion for ",{"id":1015,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1016,"piName":14,"institution":1011,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":1017,"abstract":1018},"cordis-european-research-council-award-334763","Novel properties of antigen receptors and instruments to modulate lymphoid function in physiological and pathological conditions","€2,491,827","The current paradigm of T cell function in the immune response is that T cells recognize antigen through the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) which transduces signals to the cytoplasm by way of cytosolic priming and effector tyrosine kinases. The TCR acts in a monovalent fashion is crosslinked by its antigen\u002FMHC (pMHC) ligand, causing TCR triggering. However, our more recent data indicate that the TCR is organized in pre-existing oligomers, and therefore it might not require crosslinking, and that ",{"id":1020,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1021,"piName":14,"institution":1011,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":1022,"abstract":1023},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339787","Towards the NEXT generation of bb0nu experimets","€2,791,771","Neutrinoless double beta decay is a hypothetical, very slow radioactive process whose observation would establish unambiguously that massive neutrinos are Majorana particles --- that is to say, identical to their antiparticles ---, which implies that a new physics scale beyond the Standard Model must exist. Furthermore, it would prove that total lepton number is not a conserved quantity, suggesting that this new physics could also be the origin of the observed asymmetry between matter and antima",{"id":1025,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1026,"piName":14,"institution":793,"country":46,"year":13,"amount":1027,"abstract":1028},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339169","UV-Completion through Bose-Einstein Condensation: A Quantum Model of Black Holes","€1,167,183","The project addresses the two greatest unresolved problems in quantum field theory and gravity.The question of UV-completion  beyond the Planck length  and  the mysteries of black holes.  It is grounded on a recent program of research where we have put forward a fundamentally different unifying approach  to both of these problems.This approach is based on modeling Black Holes as self-sustained Bose-Einstein condensates of long wave-length gravitons with the very peculiar property of being stuck ",{"id":1030,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1031,"piName":14,"institution":1011,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":1032,"abstract":1033},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340177","Three-dimensional molecular resolution mapping of soft matter-liquid interfaces","€2,499,928","Optical, electron and probe microscopes are enabling tools for discoveries and knowledge generation in nanoscale sicence and technology. High resolution –nanoscale or molecular-, noninvasive and label-free imaging of three-dimensional soft matter-liquid interfaces has not been achieved by any microscopy method.Force microscopy (AFM) is considered the second most relevant advance in materials science since 1960. Despite its impressive range of applications, the technique has some key limitations.",{"id":1035,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1036,"piName":14,"institution":1037,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1038},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339019","Machinery for Molecular Factories","THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","The widespread use of molecular-level motion in key natural processes suggests that great rewards could come from bridging the gap between the present generation of synthetic molecular systems—which by and large rely upon electronic and chemical effects to carry out their functions—and the machines of the macroscopic world, which utilize the synchronized movements of smaller parts to perform particular tasks. The aim of this project is to design, construct and investigate the operation of synthe",{"id":1040,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1041,"piName":14,"institution":1037,"country":530,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1042},"cordis-european-research-council-award-323656","A Sociology of the Transnational Constitution","This project examines the societal pressures that shape the changing pattern of contemporary constitutionalism. In particular, it examines the rise of a transnational judicial constitution: that is, of a legal order, overarching national boundaries, in which, at different levels, judicial actors assume unprecedented authority to shape and conduct legislation. It is designed to produce the first macro-sociological explanation of the changing constitutional form of contemporary democracy, and it d",{"id":1044,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1045,"piName":14,"institution":1046,"country":377,"year":13,"amount":1047,"abstract":1048},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339643","Finite Element Exterior Calculus and Applications","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","€2,059,687","The finite element method is one of the most successful techniques for designing numerical methods for systems of partial differential equations (PDEs). It is not only a methodology for developing numerical algorithms, but also a mathematical framework in which to explore their behavior. The finite element exterior calculus (FEEC) provides a new structure that produces a deeper understanding of the finite element method and its connections to the partial differential equation being approximated.",{"id":1050,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1051,"piName":14,"institution":1052,"country":922,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1053},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338972","Predicting the arsenic content in groundwater of the floodplains in SE Asia","Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland","More than 100 million people living on the floodplains of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna, Mekong and Red River, all draining the Himalayas, are consuming arsenic contaminated water. Providing safe drinking water for these people requires a quantitative understanding of the processes regulating the groundwater arsenic content and this knowledge is presently not available. In PREDIAS we propose a revolutionary new approach to study these arsenic contaminated aquifers where sediments and groundwater",{"id":1055,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1056,"piName":14,"institution":1057,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":1058,"abstract":1059},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339407","Host-microbiota interactions across the gut immune system: lessons from early onset inflammatory bowel diseases  and from gnotobiotic mice","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","€2,499,551","How the immune system controls the partnership established between mammalian hosts and the complex microbial community that colonizes their distal intestine is a fascinating topic with wide implications in physiology and pathology. In order to delineate how the two partners build and maintain mutualistic relationships, we intend to combine bench to bed-site approaches in humans and mechanistic studies in mice.The first part of the proposal aims at dissecting human host pathways mandatory to main",{"id":1061,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1062,"piName":14,"institution":1057,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":1063,"abstract":1064},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339379","HOMEOSIGN : Homeoprotein signaling during development and in the adult","€2,499,995","Homeoprotein (HP) signaling designates the ability of HP transcription factors to transfer between cells, thus acting as signaling molecules. We will investigate several properties of this novel signaling pathway in the CNS and how it can shed light on brain development and physiology, also neurological and psychiatric pathologies. The studies will concentrate on 4 HPs (Engrailed1\u002F2, Otx2 and Pax6) illustrative of the HP family and of high physiological interest. Mouse lines will be developed in",{"id":1066,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1067,"piName":14,"institution":1057,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":1068,"abstract":1069},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339244","A new neuroimaging modality: from bench to bedside","€2,497,603","NeuroImaging systems are invaluable tools in the understanding of the brain both for fundamental research and clinical diagnosis. However, recent improvements in deep brain imaging technology have been somewhat limited because most of them are based on incremental innovation of mature techniques (EEG, PET and fMRI) instead of breakthrough.In FUSIMAGINE, a genuinely new functional brain imaging modality will be developed and validated whose performances could have a major impact in neuroscience f",{"id":1071,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1072,"piName":14,"institution":1057,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1073},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340510","From International to Global: Knowledge, Diseases and the Postwar Government of Health.","This project aims at a socio-historical study of the transition between the two regimes of knowledge and action, which have characterized the government of health after World War II: the regime of international public health, dominating during the first decades of the postwar era, which was centered on eradication policies, nation-states and international UN organizations",{"id":1075,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1076,"piName":14,"institution":1057,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":1077,"abstract":1078},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339513","Bridging the gap between cellular imaging and fMRI BOLD imaging","€2,483,241","In the brain, blood flow increases locally upon neuronal activation, a response named functional hyperemia. The extent to which functional hyperemia faithfully reports brain activation, spatially or temporally, remains a matter of debate. Solving this question is important, not only because functional hyperemia supplies energy and clears metabolites from activated brain regions, but also because it is used as a proxy to measure brain activation in humans. In particular, the blood-oxygen-level-de",{"id":1080,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1081,"piName":14,"institution":1082,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":1083,"abstract":1084},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340430","Prospects for International Migration Governance","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","€2,127,926","Risk and uncertainty are inherent in any decision-making procedure, but while a substantial body of work on the governance of international migration focuses on challenges posed to governance systems, we know remarkably little about the impact of risk and uncertainty on: (i) the cognitive biases of actors within migration governance systems; (ii) the susceptibility of these biases to change; (iii) the relationship between cognitive bias and broader questions of systemic resilience, vulnerability",{"id":1086,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1087,"piName":14,"institution":1082,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":1088,"abstract":1089},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340956","The Individualisation of War: Reconfiguring the Ethics, Law, and Politics of Armed Conflict","€2,397,577","This path-breaking interdisciplinary project critically analyses the impact of the increased prominence of the individual in the theory and practice of armed conflict. The ‘individualisation of war’, while based on powerful normative and technological developments, places enormous strain on the actors most actively engaged in contexts of conflict: the governments and armed forces of states, international security organisations, and humanitarian agencies.Individualisation has generated new kinds ",{"id":1091,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1092,"piName":14,"institution":1082,"country":95,"year":13,"amount":1093,"abstract":1094},"cordis-european-research-council-award-338875","Political Conflict in Europe in the Shadow of the Great Recession","€2,488,200","POLCON proposes to study the contemporary development of political conflict in European democracies and the politicization of the European integration process in the shadow of the Great Recession. Since the world has entered the economic crisis in fall 2008, commentators have been afraid of its political repercussions. POLCON is based on a comparative analysis of political mobilization in national elections, the protest arena and in public interactions between political authorities and challenge",{"id":1096,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1097,"piName":14,"institution":1098,"country":175,"year":13,"amount":1099,"abstract":1100},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340233","Near-infrared fluorescent probes based on bacterial phytochromes for in vivo imaging","HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO","€2,496,946","Non-invasive monitoring of deep-tissue developmental, metabolic and pathogenic processes will advance modern biology. Imaging of live mammals using fluorescent probes is more feasible within the near-infrared (NIR) transparency window (NIRW: 650-900 nm) where hemoglobin and melanin absorbance significantly decreases, and water absorbance is still low. The most red-shifted fluorescent proteins (FPs) of the GFP-like family exhibit fluorescence outside of the NIRW and suffer from low brightness and",{"id":1102,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1103,"piName":14,"institution":1098,"country":175,"year":13,"amount":1104,"abstract":1105},"cordis-european-research-council-award-341116","Arginine vasopressin and ion transporters in the modulation of brain excitability during birth and birth asphyxia seizures","€2,497,419","A transient period of asphyxia in the newborn is an obligatory part of normal parturition. A more prolonged disturbance in cerebral blood supply is a major cause of neonatal seizures. Current therapies of birth asphyxia seizures are ineffective and the underlying mechanisms are unknown.Our recent landmark work on a rat model of birth asphyxia showed that asphyxia is followed by brain alkalosis, which triggers seizures. The brain-confined alkalosis is generated by activation of Na\u002FH exchange in t",{"id":1107,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1108,"piName":14,"institution":716,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":1109,"abstract":1110},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339108","Elucidating the Causes and Effects of Atlantic Circulation Changes through Model-Data Integration","€3,000,000","Rapid changes in ocean circulation and climate have been observed in marine sediment and ice cores, notably over the last 60 thousand years (ky), highlighting the non-linear character of the climate system and underlining the possibility of rapid climate shifts in response to anthropogenic greenhouse gas forcing.To date, these rapid changes in climate and ocean circulation are still not fully explained. Two main obstacles prevent going beyond the current state of knowledge:- Paleoclimatic proxy ",{"id":1112,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1113,"piName":14,"institution":716,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":558,"abstract":1114},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340050","Computational Foundations of Anthropomorphic Action","Actanthrope intends to promote a neuro-robotics perspective to explore original models of anthropomorphic action. The project targets contributions to humanoid robot autonomy (for rescue and service robotics), to advanced human body simulation (for applications in ergonomics), and to a new theory of embodied intelligence (by promoting a motion-based semiotics of the human action).Actions take place in the physical space while they originate in the –robot or human– sensory-motor space. Geometry i",{"id":1116,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1117,"piName":14,"institution":716,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":1118,"abstract":1119},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339128","Fifth Generation of Ultra Bright X Ray Beam","€1,703,136","The recently built X-ray Free Electron Lasers (FEL), the so-called fourth generation light sources, provide extremely intense coherent femtosecond pulses of energetic radiation. These FELs based on Linear Accelerator (Linac) technology require radio-protected facilities which are several kilometres in length and also require significant investment (more than a hundred million euros). They have already produced an impressive list of outstanding results in many scientific fields. As a consequence ",200,{"programme":8,"total":1122,"withPiName":1123,"firstYear":1124,"lastYear":1125,"countryCount":1126,"perYear":1127,"topInstitutions":1184,"topCountries":1251},4756,450,2008,2027,46,[1128,1130,1133,1136,1139,1142,1145,1147,1150,1153,1155,1158,1161,1164,1167,1170,1173,1176,1179,1182],{"year":1124,"count":1129},47,{"year":1131,"count":1132},2009,232,{"year":1134,"count":1135},2010,248,{"year":1137,"count":1138},2011,276,{"year":1140,"count":1141},2012,293,{"year":1143,"count":1144},2013,344,{"year":13,"count":1146},359,{"year":1148,"count":1149},2015,138,{"year":1151,"count":1152},2016,299,{"year":1154,"count":1132},2017,{"year":1156,"count":1157},2018,376,{"year":1159,"count":1160},2019,241,{"year":1162,"count":1163},2020,137,{"year":1165,"count":1166},2021,228,{"year":1168,"count":1169},2022,322,{"year":1171,"count":1172},2023,252,{"year":1174,"count":1175},2024,243,{"year":1177,"count":1178},2025,222,{"year":1180,"count":1181},2026,264,{"year":1125,"count":1183},3,[1185,1188,1191,1194,1196,1199,1202,1204,1206,1209,1212,1215,1218,1220,1223,1226,1229,1232,1234,1237,1239,1241,1243,1246,1248],{"name":1186,"count":1187},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",206,{"name":1189,"count":1190},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",133,{"name":1192,"count":1193},"University of Oxford",128,{"name":19,"count":1195},124,{"name":1197,"count":1198},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",84,{"name":1200,"count":1201},"Weizmann Institute of Science",74,{"name":150,"count":1203},72,{"name":106,"count":1205},69,{"name":1207,"count":1208},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",59,{"name":1210,"count":1211},"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem",57,{"name":1213,"count":1214},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",52,{"name":1216,"count":1217},"University of Bristol",49,{"name":511,"count":1219},48,{"name":1221,"count":1222},"Kobenhavns Universitet",40,{"name":1224,"count":1225},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",39,{"name":1227,"count":1228},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",38,{"name":1230,"count":1231},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",35,{"name":1233,"count":1231},"Tel Aviv University",{"name":1235,"count":1236},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",33,{"name":1238,"count":1236},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":1240,"count":1236},"Universitat Wien",{"name":1242,"count":1236},"University of Manchester",{"name":1244,"count":1245},"Helsingin Yliopisto",32,{"name":1247,"count":1245},"Karolinska Institutet",{"name":1249,"count":1250},"Technische Universiteit Delft",30,[1252,1254,1256,1258,1260,1262,1264,1266,1268,1270,1272,1273,1275,1277,1279,1281,1284,1285,1287,1290,1292,1294,1296,1298,1300],{"name":46,"count":1253},802,{"name":530,"count":1255},778,{"name":113,"count":1257},581,{"name":26,"count":1259},390,{"name":39,"count":1261},310,{"name":95,"count":1263},302,{"name":65,"count":1265},269,{"name":610,"count":1267},202,{"name":144,"count":1269},183,{"name":71,"count":1271},153,{"name":33,"count":1271},{"name":922,"count":1274},107,{"name":12,"count":1276},78,{"name":175,"count":1278},76,{"name":377,"count":1280},65,{"name":1282,"count":1283},"IE",42,{"name":431,"count":1222},{"name":289,"count":1286},25,{"name":1288,"count":1289},"EL",24,{"name":163,"count":1291},20,{"name":424,"count":1293},18,{"name":523,"count":1295},15,{"name":1297,"count":1295},"SI",{"name":233,"count":1299},9,{"name":1301,"count":1302},"EE",8]