[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-advanced-grant-2015":3,"awarded-stats-erc-advanced-grant":773},{"awarded":4,"total":772},[5,16,23,30,37,44,51,57,62,69,74,80,86,92,97,103,109,114,119,124,130,137,143,147,153,159,166,172,178,185,190,196,201,207,212,216,221,227,233,238,244,250,255,261,266,272,277,282,288,293,298,304,309,314,319,325,329,335,340,345,351,356,362,368,374,379,383,389,395,401,407,413,419,424,431,435,440,446,451,457,461,466,472,477,482,487,493,498,504,509,514,520,525,531,537,544,550,555,561,567,572,577,581,587,592,598,604,609,615,621,626,631,637,642,647,652,657,662,668,673,679,684,689,694,698,702,708,713,720,726,732,737,741,745,750,756,761,767],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340733","European Research Council","ERC Advanced Grant","Functional Role of the HLA-DR15 Haplotype in Multiple Sclerosis",null,"University of Zurich","CH",2015,"€2,368,068","Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a prototypic CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmune disease that damages the central nervous system. MS affects young adults and women twice as often as men. Neurological deficits cause substantial disability at an early age with high socioeconomic impact.Both a complex genetic trait and environmental factors are involved in MS etiology. Similar to other autoimmune diseases it has been known for almost 40 years that certain HLA-class II genes, in MS the two DR15 alleles DRB1*",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":22},"cordis-european-research-council-award-341096","Blood regeneration: de novo development of human hematopoietic stem cells","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","UK","€2,500,000","Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are used in clinical therapies for leukemia and blood-related genetic disorders. Whereasthe number of patients requiring treatment continues to increase, HSC transplantations are limited due to insufficientpatient-matched donor HSCs. The current challenge is to create more matched HSCs. As evidenced by the Nobel Prizeaward this year, reprogramming of somatic cells to pluripotent stem cells (iPS) is one of the most important breakthroughsof recent times. This innova",{"id":24,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":25,"piName":10,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":28,"abstract":29},"cordis-european-research-council-award-340950","Institutions and Morality","BEHAVIOR AND INEQUALITY RESEARCH INSTITUTE GGMBH","DE","€1,696,470","The main objective of the proposed research is to enhance our understanding of the critical role of institutions in affecting moral transgression. I aim at identifying institutional mechanisms operating in markets and organisations that promote immoral outcomes. The key question this project seeks to explain is why “ordinary” people endowed with a given moral conception engage in behaviours they would generally object to. While the focus is on immoral behaviour, the reverse inference is always i",{"id":31,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":32,"piName":10,"institution":33,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":35,"abstract":36},"cordis-european-research-council-award-339950","Organizational Industrial Organization","UNIVERSITE LIBRE DE BRUXELLES","BE","€1,382,264","Industrial organization has been influential in shaping our understanding of how firms behave in markets, and also Most of the industrial organization literature is based on the premise that firms are represented by a single decision maker, who is driven by a motive of profit maximization and cost minimization. This assumption is nowadays becoming a constraint on IO theory, preventing it from being able to explain certain observed empirical regularities. For instance, it has been well documented",{"id":38,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":39,"piName":10,"institution":40,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":42,"abstract":43},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669255","Better MPC Protocols in Theory and in Practice","AARHUS UNIVERSITET","DK","€2,421,995","Multiparty computation (MPC) is a cryptographic technique allowing us to build distributed computer systems for handling confidential data. We can control exactly what information is released from the system, and privacy of the input data is maintained, even if an adversary breaks into several of the machines in the system. The efficiency of MPC protocols has been significantly improved in recent years. There are countless applications and the techniques are just now entering the commercial doma",{"id":45,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":46,"piName":10,"institution":47,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":49,"abstract":50},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669416","Exploring the outer solar system beyond Neptune using stellar occultations","SORBONNE UNIVERSITE","FR","€2,423,750","The solar system beyond Neptune’s contains largely unaltered material from the primordial circum-solar disk. It also kept the memory of the early planetary migrations, and thus contains essential information on the origin and evolution of our planetary system.Here I propose to study the Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs) using the stellar occultation technique. It consists in observing the passage of remote TNOs in front of those “Lucky Stars”, that reveal shapes, atmosphere and rings of bodies from",{"id":52,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":53,"piName":10,"institution":54,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":55,"abstract":56},"cordis-european-research-council-award-667483","Manufacturing Shock Interactions for Innovative Nanoscale Processes","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€2,353,438","Fluid dynamics are fundamental to a wide spectrum of natural phenomena and technological applications. Among the most intriguing fluid dynamics events are shockwaves, discontinuities in the macroscopic fluid state that can lead to extreme temperatures, pressures and concentrations of energy.The violence and yet the spatial localization of shockwaves presents us with a unique potential for in situ control of fluid processes with surgical precision. Applications range from kidney-stone lithotripsy",{"id":58,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":59,"piName":10,"institution":47,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":60,"abstract":61},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671133","Entanglement and Quantum Engineering with optical Microcavities","€2,422,750","I propose to leverage the unique properties of optical fiber Fabry-Perot (FFP) microcavities pioneered by my group to advance the field of quantum engineering. We will take quantum-enhanced measurement from its current proof-of-principle state to a true metrological level by applying cavity-based spin squeezing to a compact atomic clock, aiming to improve the clock stability beyond one part in 10^-13 in one second. In a new experiment, we will generate multiparticle entangled states with high me",{"id":63,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":64,"piName":10,"institution":65,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":67,"abstract":68},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670173","Phosphorene functionalization: a new platform for advanced multifunctional materials","CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE","IT","€1,995,554","2D materials have attracted a great deal of interest due to their variety of applications. Since its discovery in 2004, graphene has monopolized the attention given the unparalleled combination of outperforming structural and functional properties which pave the way for a plethora of different applications. Though its applicability in micro- and nanoelectronic has been later demonstrated to be strongly limited due to its inherent lack of a band gap. This limitation could be overcome using phosph",{"id":70,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":71,"piName":10,"institution":72,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":73},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669668","Understanding the mass scales in nature","UNIVERSITA DI PISA","The experimental results of the first run of the Large Hadron Collider lead to the discovery of the Higgs boson but have not confirmed the dominant theoretical paradigm about the naturalness of the electro-weak scale, according to which the Higgs boson should have been accompanied by supersymmetric particles or by some other new physics able of protecting the Higgs boson mass from quadratically divergent quantum corrections.While the second LHC run is going to explore physics at higher energies ",{"id":75,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":76,"piName":10,"institution":77,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":78,"abstract":79},"cordis-european-research-council-award-667526","Knowledge For Use [K4U]:  Making the Most of Social Science to Build Better Policies","UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM","€2,092,125","‘Research is an investment in our future’ says Horizon 2020.  That’s only true if you know what to do with it.  When it comes to social policy, we don’t really know how to put our research results to use. K4U aims to remedy this. K4U will construct a radically new picture of how to use social science to build better social policies. This picture will be founded on an ambitious philosophical study of the technology of social science including a thorough reconceptualisation of objectivity, deliber",{"id":81,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":82,"piName":10,"institution":83,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":84,"abstract":85},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670932","dUTPase Signalling: from Phage to Eukaryotes","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","€2,246,192","dUTPases (DUTs) are enzymes that regulate cellular dUTP levels to prevent the misincorporation of uracil into DNA. Recently however, DUTs have been involved in the control of relevant cellular processes. How these regulatory functions are controlled remains unsolved. The recent elucidation of the mechanistic role of DUTs in the transfer of staphylococcal pathogenicity islands (SaPIs) by our group has revealed an entirely novel and surprising strategy involving DUTs in signalling. Namely, we have",{"id":87,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":88,"piName":10,"institution":89,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":91},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669612","Synthetic Cell Biology: Designing organelle transport mechanisms","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON","€3,000,000","Imagine being able to design into living cells and organisms de novo vesicle transport mechanisms that do not naturally exist?  At one level this is a wild-eyed notion of synthetic biology.But we contend that this vision can be approached even today, focusing first on the process of exocytosis, a fundamental process that impacts almost every area of physiology.  Enough has now been learned about the natural core machinery (as recognized by the award of the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medic",{"id":93,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":94,"piName":10,"institution":83,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":95,"abstract":96},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670406","Exploring the Terascale at LHC with Novel Highly Granular Calorimeters","€3,034,107","The recent discovery of a Higgs boson by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN, Geneva, has undoubtedly opened a portal to widely expected new physics, anticipated to manifest itself in the Tera-electron-Volt range: the Terascale. New physics is needed to understand some of the deepest mysteries of our universe, that include its composition, where dark matter and dark energy seem to comprise 95% of its energy\u002Fmatter density, and its evolution from the Big Bang to ",{"id":98,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":99,"piName":10,"institution":100,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":101,"abstract":102},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670494","Information services: competition and externalities","FONDATION JEAN JACQUES LAFFONT,TOULOUSE SCIENCES ECONOMIQUES","€1,815,938","This application aims at fostering our knowledge of the economics of information services by studying the strategic interactions between agents involved in the production and exchange of information services. In this context, externalities play a key role explored by this proposal. Their increasing prevalence in information services can be traced to three features: - Many information services involve one-sided or two-sided  network externalities.- Information is a public good and the production ",{"id":104,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":105,"piName":10,"institution":106,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":107,"abstract":108},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670301","Exoribonuclease-mediated degradation of nascent RNA in Malaria Parasites: A Novel Mechanism in Virulence Gene Silencing","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€2,499,761","Background: The human protozoan malaria parasite P. falciparum causes approximately 200 million infections and 0.7 million deaths (mainly children) per year. In the well-studied asexual blood stages, cyclic monocistronic gene activation occurs at the transcriptional level; however, relatively few transcription factors have been identified, thus other types of regulatory processes that contribute to this coordinated gene expression are believed to exist. Through the study of molecular process of ",{"id":110,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":111,"piName":10,"institution":106,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":112,"abstract":113},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670624","Duality in Formal Languages and Logic - a unifying approach to complexity and semantics","€2,348,938","Dualities between algebraic and topological structure are pervasive in mathematics, and toggling back and forth between them has often been associated with important breakthroughs. The main objective of this project is to bring this important tool to bear on a number of subjects in theoretical computer science thereby advancing, systematising, and unifying them.One subject of focus is the search for robust extensions of the theory of regular languages. A powerful technical tool for classifying r",{"id":115,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":116,"piName":10,"institution":117,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":118},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669204","CMOS\u002Fmagnetoelectronic Integrated Circuits wil Multifunctional Capabilities","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic memories (STT-MRAM) are receiving a growing R&D effort within the microelectronic industry aiming at the replacement of DRAM or SRAM at sub-20nm nodes. MAGICAL seeks to significantly innovate through groundbreaking advances in ultra-low power multifunctional systems based on hybrid CMOS\u002Fmagnetic technology. With the development of portable electronics and of the Internet of Things (IOT), more and more functions must be embedded on chips: logic\u002Fmemory, sensing, commu",{"id":120,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":121,"piName":10,"institution":106,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":122,"abstract":123},"cordis-european-research-council-award-666971","BIOdiversity, STAbility and sustainability in Spatial Ecological and social-ecological Systems","€2,092,644","Biodiversity loss is one of the greatest environmental challenges of our time. There is mounting evidence that biodiversity increases the stability of ecosystem functions and services, suggesting that it may be critical to the sustainability of ecosystems and human societies in the face of environmental changes. Classical ecological theory, however, has focused on measures of stability that cannot explain and predict these stabilizing effects, especially in spatial systems.The goal of BIOSTASES ",{"id":125,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":126,"piName":10,"institution":127,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":128,"abstract":129},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670325","Brain-viscera interactions underlie subjectivity","ECOLE NORMALE SUPERIEURE","€2,080,000","Subjectivity defines the subject who is perceiving, feeling, thinking, acting, and is essential to understand the conscious mind from the inside. However, subjectivity, or non-reflective first-person perspective, is not identified as a core concept in cognitive neuroscience and its neural basis remain largely unknown. BRAVIUS offers a unified framework to appraise both the concept and the neural mechanisms generating subjectivity. The hypothesis relies on two vital organs that generate their own",{"id":131,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":132,"piName":10,"institution":133,"country":134,"year":13,"amount":135,"abstract":136},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669972","Disequilibirum metamorphism of stressed lithosphere","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","NO","€2,900,000","Most changes in mineralogy, density, and rheology of the Earth’s lithosphere take place by metamorphism, whereby rocks evolve through interactions between minerals and fluids. These changes are coupled with a large range of geodynamic processes and they have first order effects on the global geochemical cycles of a large number of elements.In the presence of fluids, metamorphic reactions are fast compared to tectonically induced changes in pressure and temperature. Hence, during fluid-producing ",{"id":138,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":139,"piName":10,"institution":140,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":142},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669598","A nanophysics approach to synthetic cell division","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","NL","Imagine building a living cell from basic components, a vesicle filled with biomolecules that can sustain itself and reproduce into similar offspring. Can this be done?This proposal addresses the most tantalizing aspect: synthetic cell division. We aim to build liposomes (lipid vesicles enclosing an aqueous solution with proteins and DNA) that can spontaneously divide through a contractile protein ring at the vesicle perimeter. To realize this, we employ an experimental biophysics approach that ",{"id":144,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":145,"piName":10,"institution":117,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":146},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669205","The Hall Plateau Transition and non-unitary Quantum Field Theory","I propose to solve the Quantum Field Theory (QFT) describing the transition between plateaus of quantized Hall conductance in the Integer Quantum Hall Effect (IQHE). The existence of the plateaus and their topological origin are certainly well understood. In sharp contrast, the transition, which mixes the effects of disorder, magnetic field and possibly interactions, remains very mysterious. Numerical studies of lattice models are plagued by disorder. The QFT description involves physics at very",{"id":148,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":149,"piName":10,"institution":150,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":151,"abstract":152},"cordis-european-research-council-award-666400","DNA strand break repair and links to human disease","THE FRANCIS CRICK INSTITUTE LIMITED","€2,203,153","Our genetic material is continually subjected to damage, either from endogenous sources such as reactive oxygen species, produced as by-products of oxidative metabolism, from the breakdown of replication forks during cell growth, or by agents in the environment such as ionising radiation or carcinogenic chemicals. To cope with DNA damage, cells employ elaborate and effective repair processes that specifically recognise a wide variety of lesions in DNA. These repair systems are essential for the ",{"id":154,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":155,"piName":10,"institution":156,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":157,"abstract":158},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670261","Molecular imaging and targeted therapy of the aggressive phenotype: development of uPAR theranostics for cancer patients","REGION HOVEDSTADEN","€2,072,000","For practice of personalized medicine in cancer, non-invasive tools for diagnosing at the molecular level are needed. Molecular imaging methods are capable of this while at the same time circumventing sampling error as the whole tumor burden is evaluated.We recently developed and performed the first-ever clinical PET scan of uPAR, a proteolytic system known to be strongly associated with metastatic potential in most cancer forms. We believe this new concept of uPAR-PET is a major breakthrough an",{"id":160,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":161,"piName":10,"institution":162,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":164,"abstract":165},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669220","Molecular mechanisms of acute oxygen sensing.","UNIVERSIDAD DE SEVILLA","ES","€2,843,750","Oxygen (O2) is essential for life on Earth. This proposal deals with the study of the molecular mechanisms underlying acute O2 sensing by cells, a long-standing issue that is yet to be elucidated. In recent years, the discovery of hypoxia inducible transcription factors and their regulation by the O2-dependent hydroxylases has provided a solid framework for understanding genetic responses to sustained (chronic) hypoxia. However the mechanisms of acute O2 sensing, necessary for the activation of ",{"id":167,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":168,"piName":10,"institution":169,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":170,"abstract":171},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670390","Marine phytoplankton as biogeochemical drivers:  Scaling from membranes and single cells to populations","MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM","€2,704,190","SEACELLS addresses fundamental questions in phytoplankton biology from cellular to population scales.  Our recent studies of phytoplankton, primitive photosynthetic marine protists that play important roles in ocean biogeochemical cycles, are providing exciting new information on the roles and evolution of membrane transport, cell signalling and metabolic regulation. The research builds on a number of recent findings, including the discovery of cell membrane properties that were thought to be ty",{"id":173,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":174,"piName":10,"institution":175,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":176,"abstract":177},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669622","New Frontiers in Cellular Reprogramming: Exploiting Cellular Plasticity","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE RECERCA BIOMEDICA (IRB BARCELONA)","€2,488,850","Our research group has worked over the years at the interface between cancer and ageing, with a strong emphasis on mouse models. More recently, we became interested in cellular reprogramming because we hypothesized that understanding cellular plasticity could yield new insights into cancer and ageing. Indeed, during the previous ERC Advanced Grant, we made relevant contributions to the fields of cellular reprogramming (Nature 2013), cellular senescence (Cell 2013), cancer (Cancer Cell 2012), and",{"id":179,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":180,"piName":10,"institution":181,"country":182,"year":13,"amount":183,"abstract":184},"cordis-european-research-council-award-668679","Collider Phenomenology and Event Generators","LUNDS UNIVERSITET","SE","€1,990,895","Collider physics is about exploring the smallest constituents of matter, and unravelling the basic laws of the Universe. Unfortunately there can be a huge gap between a one-line formula of a fundamental theory and the experimental reality it implies. Phenomenology is intended to fill that gap, e.g. to explore the consequences of a theory such that it can be directly compared with data. Nowhere is the gap more striking than for QCD, the theory of strong interactions, which dominates in most high-",{"id":186,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":187,"piName":10,"institution":89,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":188,"abstract":189},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670239","An alternative development of analytic number theory and applications","€2,011,742","The traditional (Riemann) approach to analytic number theory uses the zeros of zeta functions. This requires the associated multiplicative function, say f(n), to have special enough properties that the associated Dirichlet series may be analytically continued.  In this proposal we continue to develop an approach which requires less of the multiplicative function, linking the original question with the mean value of f.  Such techniques have been around for a long time but have generally been rega",{"id":191,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":192,"piName":10,"institution":193,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":194,"abstract":195},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669237","Characterising protein oligomers and their role in neurodegenerative disease in humans","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€2,499,551","Small soluble protein aggregates play a key role in the onset and spreading of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. However, which oligomers are present in human disease and which are toxic remains unknown because ultrasensitive methods do not exist to detect and characterise the low concentration of oligomers, which are highly heterogeneous in size and structure. To address this problem we will develop fluorescence based methods to detect and characterise individual oligomers to measure the ol",{"id":197,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":198,"piName":10,"institution":199,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":200},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669132","Trust, Global Traders, and Commodities in a Chinese International City","THE UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX","Trust, Global Traders, and Commodities in a Chinese International CityYiwu, a city of 2 million in China’s commercially vibrant Zheijang province, is known by traders from countries including Afghanistan and Syria, the Ukraine and Mexico, and the UK and Russia, as being the world’s hub for wholesale of  ‘small commodities’. Journalists have recently been struck both by Yiwu’s significance to consumption practices across the world and by the diverse mix of merchants that assemble in the city. Yet",{"id":202,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":203,"piName":10,"institution":204,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":205,"abstract":206},"cordis-european-research-council-award-667507","Deciphering the greenhouse gas record in deepest ice using continuous sublimation extraction \u002F laser spectrometry","UNIVERSITAET BERN","€2,255,788","The recent anthropogenic global warming makes a detailed understanding of coupling processes between climate and biogeochemical cycles of pressing importance. The atmospheric archive of air bubbles enclosed in polar ice cores provides the only direct record of greenhouse gas changes in the past, and the key to understanding the related changes in biogeochemical cycles and climate\u002Fgreenhouse gas feedbacks. Crucial questions about greenhouse gas variability on very short (decadal) and very long (o",{"id":208,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":209,"piName":10,"institution":33,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":211},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669007","Role of Apolipoproteins L in immunity and disease","€2,250,000","Work conducted in my laboratory on the trypanosome killing factor of human serum led to the identificationof the primate-specific Apolipoprotein L1 (APOL1) as a novel pore-forming protein with striking similaritieswith proteins of the apoptotic BCL2 family. APOL1 belongs to a family of proteins induced underinflammatory conditions in myeloid and endothelial cells. APOL1 is efficiently neutralized by the SRAprotein of Trypanosoma rhodesiense, accounting for the ability of this trypanosome subspec",{"id":213,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":214,"piName":10,"institution":150,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":215},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670412","Establishment of Sister Chromatid Cohesion","Following their synthesis during DNA replication, sister chromatids remain paired by the cohesin complex, which forms the basis for their faithful segregation during cell division. Cohesin is a large ring-shaped protein complex, incorporating an ABC-type ATPase module. Despite its importance for genome stability, the molecular mechanism of cohesin action remains as intriguing as it remains poorly understood. How is cohesin topologically loaded onto chromatin? How is it unloaded again? What happe",{"id":217,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":218,"piName":10,"institution":219,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":220},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670446","Film Colors. An Interdisciplinary Approach.","UNIVERSITAT ZURICH","Film is in essence colored light projected onto a screen. Its aesthetics are thus highly determined by the material properties of film and the optical configuration of the cinematic apparatus. To this day, however, there is no systematic study of the relationship between the technology and aesthetics of film colors, despite the fact that, following the digital turn in film production and distribution, the understanding of this relationship is more essential than ever before.Over 200 film color p",{"id":222,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":223,"piName":10,"institution":224,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":225,"abstract":226},"cordis-european-research-council-award-666952","Microbial life in oil","UNIVERSITAET DUISBURG-ESSEN","€2,549,250","Microbial biodegradation is a key factor influencing the quality of oil and, according to current concepts, takes place mostly at the continuous oil-water transition zone in oil reservoirs. I recently discovered microorganisms in minuscule water droplets (1-3 µl) entrapped in oil from a natural oil seep. In EcOILogy, I propose that biodegradation of oil resources takes place in such minuscule water droplets dispersed in the oil phase which is a shift of paradigm and a new conceptional view for e",{"id":228,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":229,"piName":10,"institution":230,"country":231,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":232},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669858","Bioengineered autonomous cell-biomaterials devices for generating humanised micro-tissues for regenerative medicine","UNIVERSIDADE DE AVEIRO","PT","New generations of devices for tissue engineering (TE) should rationalize better the physical and biochemical cues operating in tandem during native regeneration, in particular at the scale\u002Forganizational-level of the stem cell niche. The understanding and the deconstruction of these factors (e.g. multiple cell types exchanging both paracrine and direct signals, structural and chemical arrangement of the extra-cellular matrix, mechanical signals…) should be then incorporated into the design of t",{"id":234,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":235,"piName":10,"institution":236,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":237},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670578","The ABC of Cell Volume Regulation","RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN","Cell volume regulation is crucial for any living cell because changes in volume determine the metabolic activity through e.g. changes in ionic strength, pH, macromolecular crowding and membrane tension. These physical chemical parameters influence interaction rates and affinities of biomolecules, folding rates, and fold stabilities in vivo. Understanding of the underlying volume regulatory mechanisms has immediate application in biotechnology and health, yet these factors are generally ignored i",{"id":239,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":240,"piName":10,"institution":241,"country":242,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":243},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669306","Integrable Random Structures","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN","IE","The last few years have seen significant advances in the discovery and development of integrable models in probability, especially in the context of random polymers and the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) equation. Among these are the semi-discrete (O'Connell-Yor) and log-gamma (Seppalainen) random polymer models. Both of these models can be understood via a remarkable connection between the geometric RSK correspondence (a geometric lifting, or de-tropicalization, of the classical RSK correspondence) ",{"id":245,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":246,"piName":10,"institution":247,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":248,"abstract":249},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671055","Nodding Syndrome:  a trans-disciplinary approach to identify the cause and decrease the incidence of river epilepsy","UNIVERSITEIT ANTWERPEN","€2,417,000","Nodding syndrome (NS) is a neurological, incurable syndrome, currently affecting mainly children between 5 and 15 years of age in South Sudan, Uganda and Tanzania. Since 1950, when NS was first described, its cause has remained a mystery. NS is characterized by head-nodding (an atonic form of epilepsy), often followed by clonic - tonic seizures, developmental retardation and faltering growth. In the affected regions, NS is a major public health problem associated with severe socio-economic conse",{"id":251,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":252,"piName":10,"institution":253,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":254},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670582","Integrating Genomics and Avatar Mouse Models to Personalize Pancreatic Cancer Treatment","HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE FUENLABRADA","The prognosis of patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is very poor. Recent studies have started to elucidate the genetic landscape of this disease to show that PDAC is a genetically complex, unstable, and heterogeneous cancer. However, in-depth analysis of individual patient genomes couple with personalize Avatar mouse models is providing highly effective therapeutic opportunities for the individual patient. Thus, metastatic PDAC appears a candidate disease to implement a genomics-b",{"id":256,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":257,"piName":10,"institution":258,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":259,"abstract":260},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670846","Algebraic and Kähler geometry","UNIVERSITE GRENOBLE ALPES","€1,809,345","The purpose of this project is to study basic questions in algebraic and Kähler geometry. It is well known that the structure of projective or Kähler manifolds is governed by positivity or negativity properties of the curvature tensor. However, many fundamental problems are still wide open. Since the mid 1980's, I have developed a large number of key concepts and results that have led to important progress in transcendental algebraic geometry. Let me mention the discovery of holomorphic Morse in",{"id":262,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":263,"piName":10,"institution":264,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":265},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669991","Self-sustaining vibration and mechanical resonance effects in stimuli responsive liquid crystal polymer coatings and membranes (Vibrate)","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN","The amplification of collective molecular effects to macroscopic deformation is one of the most intriguing challenges  in materials science. Individual molecules can be reversibly activated by various means such as light, chemicals and external electrical or magnetic  fields. They may respond  by changing their orientation, their molecular conformation or by breaking \u002Fforming chemical bonds. Bringing these molecules in a matrix of an ordered molecular system, such as a liquid crystal polymer net",{"id":267,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":268,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":270,"abstract":271},"cordis-european-research-council-award-668991","Structure function relationships of the phyllosphere microbiota","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","€2,499,980","Understanding processes in microbial communities is a crucial task given the impact of microbial communities on environmental systems, including plants and animals. There is a rapidly increasing number of microbial communities whose collective genomes have been determined; however, it is important to uncover their collective function and to understand how community properties emerge from the properties of individual microbial types and their interactions. One habitat that has been gaining growin",{"id":273,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":274,"piName":10,"institution":275,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":276},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670283","Presynaptic Regulatory Principles in Synaptic Plasticity, Neuronal Network Function, and Behaviour","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","Neuronal signalling via synaptic vesicle (SV) fusion is the fastest membrane fusion event in mammalian cells. Its speed and the ability of presynapses to sustain SV fusion at high stimulation rates are key requirements for brain function. Plastic changes of SV fusion rates have long been thought to control complex brain processes such as working memory, but the link between presynaptic plasticity and complex brain functions remains hypothetical. A key determinant of presynaptic efficacy is that ",{"id":278,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":279,"piName":10,"institution":280,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":281},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669157","The interpretation of retinal activity by the visual thalamus.","INSTITUT FUR MOLEKULARE UND KLINISCHE OPHTHALMOLOGIE BASEL","Sensory systems of the brain inform cortical centers about the outside world via the thalamus. Despite its central location between the sensory periphery and the primary sensory cortex, the functional role of the thalamus in sensory processing is still largely unknown. Understanding the role of thalamic circuits and their modulation by other brain areas is important for several reasons. First, in order to dissect the functional role of higher brain regions, such as sensory cortical areas, it is ",{"id":283,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":284,"piName":10,"institution":285,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":286,"abstract":287},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670930","Immunological synapse derived ectosomes in T cell effector function","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","€2,212,114","The immunological synapse is a highly conserved scaffold for communication between immune cells built around cooperation of antigen and adhesion receptors. It often takes the form of a bull’s eye with a central cluster of antigen receptors surrounded by a ring of adhesion molecules. We have recently observed that antigen receptor coated extracellular microvesicles bud directly from the center of the immunological synapse- which we define as synaptic ectosomes. Synaptic ectosomes are transferred ",{"id":289,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":290,"piName":10,"institution":285,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":291,"abstract":292},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669751","Uncertainty and Precaution: Environmental Decisions Involving Catastrophic Threats","€2,066,976","The goal of this project is to supplement or replace the precautionary principle with decision guidance that better handles both normative and empirical uncertainty in contexts of speculative but potentially catastrophic consequences. It has been claimed that emerging technologies such as geoengineering, biotechnology, or machine intelligence could have catastrophic impacts on human civilization or the biosphere, indicating the need for precaution until scientific uncertainty has been resolved. ",{"id":294,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":295,"piName":10,"institution":285,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":296,"abstract":297},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669746","Productivity and Development: The Ready-made Garment Productivity Project","€1,983,400","Differences in productivity explain much of differences in income levels across countries, yet little is known about how to improve productivity of manufacturing in the developing world. Recent research reveals very high dispersion in productivity in low-income countries. We examine firm productivity at a uniquely detailed level, collecting sub-factory production and survey data from hundreds of garment manufacturers in several countries. The data, coupled with a new method for comparing product",{"id":299,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":300,"piName":10,"institution":301,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":302,"abstract":303},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669504","ULTRAfast growth of ultrahigh performance SUPERconducting TAPEs","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","€2,496,652","ULTRASUPERTAPE aims to demonstrate an unprecedented approach for fabrication of low cost \u002F high throughput \u002F high performance High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) tapes, or Coated Conductors, to push the emerging HTS industry to market. The breakthrough idea is the use of Transient Liquid Assisted Growth from low cost Chemical Solution Deposition of Y, Ba, Cu metallorganic precursors to reach ultrafast growth rates. The key concept relies on the discovery of a tool to control the ignition effe",{"id":305,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":306,"piName":10,"institution":301,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":307,"abstract":308},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671093","MATching zeolite SYNthesis with CATalytic activity","€2,470,519","Solid catalysts are key components of many industrial processes, offering advantages such as reuse and ease recovery. This research programme aims to develop a new concept and methodology for the synthesis of zeolite catalysts. Zeolites are solid, porous catalysts that have wide ranging industrial applications for gas adsorption, separation and catalysis. While a relatively large number of zeolites have been synthesised, zeolite selection as catalyst for a particular reaction still retains a lar",{"id":310,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":311,"piName":10,"institution":312,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":313},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670211","Chemical communication in the rhizosphere of plants","UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM","Plants secrete metabolites to communicate with other organisms in their rhizosphere. An exciting example of rhizosphere signalling molecules are the strigolactones. These are used by the friends of plants, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, for host detection but also by their enemies, root parasitic plants. Furthermore, they have an endogenous signalling function, as a plant hormone that regulates shoot branching and root architecture. I postulate that this dual positive and negative signalling ",{"id":315,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":316,"piName":10,"institution":317,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":318},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670116","Anionic redox processes:  A transformational approach for advanced energy materials","COLLEGE DE FRANCE","Redox chemistry provides the fundamental basis for numerous energy-related electrochemical devices, among which Li-ion batteries (LIB) have become the premier energy storage technology for portable electronics and vehicle electrification. Throughout its history, LIB technology has relied on cationic redox reactions as the sole source of energy storage capacity.  This is no longer true. In 2013 we demonstrated that Li-driven reversible formation of (O2)n peroxo-groups in new layered oxides led t",{"id":320,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":321,"piName":10,"institution":322,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":323,"abstract":324},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670862","Getting back to Growth through Technological and Managerial Innovation","LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE","€1,957,592","The objective of the proposal is to examine ways to increase European growth through technological and managerial innovation. The technological innovation aspect is focused on examining the lifecycle of innovators and entrepreneurs across several advanced countries. We will examine the impact of financial constraints, tax and schooling policies on stimulating greater innovation. The second theme will examine by how much managerial practices can account for differences in the wealth of nations an",{"id":326,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":327,"piName":10,"institution":236,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":328},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669723","Computational Microscopy of Crowded Membranes","Cell membranes form a highly complex and heterogeneous mixture of membrane proteins and lipids. Understanding the protein-lipid interplay that gives rise to the lateral organisation principles of cell membranes is essential for life and health. Thus, investigations of these crowded membranes is emerging as a new and exceptionally exciting frontier at the crossroads of biology, life sciences, physics, and chemistry.However, our current understanding of the detailed organisation of cellular membra",{"id":330,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":331,"piName":10,"institution":332,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":333,"abstract":334},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669387","Molecular strategies to treat inherited arrhythmias","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PAVIA","€2,314,029","Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a leading cause of death in western countries: coronary artery disease is the major cause of SCD in older subjects while inherited arrhythmogenic diseases are the leading cause of SCD in younger individuals. After 25 years dedicated to research of the molecular bases of heritable arrhythmias, the PI of this proposal now intends to pioneer gene therapy for prevention of SCD: a virtually unexplored field. The development of molecular therapies for rhythm disturbances ",{"id":336,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":337,"piName":10,"institution":338,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":339},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670168","Probing Physics beyond the Standard Model from Molecules","STICHTING VU","The Standard Model of physics is incomplete. Gravity is not understood at the quantum level, dark matter and dark energy are not explained, and (string)-theories searching to cover these shortcomings are only consistent in higher-dimensional spaces, while only four of those dimensions are observed. The mystery of finely tuned strengths of the fundamental forces, providing us with a Universe of complexity, remains unexplained. This calls for new physics that can also be explored at the atomic sca",{"id":341,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":342,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":344},"cordis-european-research-council-award-666053","Early Microbial Evolution","HEINRICH-HEINE-UNIVERSITAET DUESSELDORF","From the primordial emergence of the earliest cells to the ongoing diversification of modern microbiota, the mechanisms that underlie the origin of major prokaryotic groups are still poorly understood. In principle, the origin of both species and higher taxa among prokaryotes should entail similar mechanisms — ecological interactions with the environment paired with natural genetic variation involving lineage-specific gene innovations and lineage-specific gene acquisitions. Because eukaryotes st",{"id":346,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":347,"piName":10,"institution":348,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":349,"abstract":350},"cordis-european-research-council-award-662400","K-theory, L^2-invariants, manifolds, groups and their interactions","RHEINISCHE FRIEDRICH-WILHELMS-UNIVERSITAT BONN","€1,719,583","Many  milestone results in mathematics emerge from interactions and transfer of techniques and methods between different areas. I want to attack outstanding problems concerning K-theory, L^2-invariants, manifolds and group theory. The time is ripe to use the exciting and profound progress that has been made during the last years in the individual areas to build new bridges, gain new insights, open the door to new applications, and to trigger new innovative activities worldwidelasting beyond the ",{"id":352,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":353,"piName":10,"institution":193,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":354,"abstract":355},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669820","Language dynamics: a neurocognitive approach to incremental interpretation","€2,185,856","Understanding spoken language involves a complex set of processes that transform the auditory input into a meaningful interpretation. Our percept is not of acoustic-phonetic detail but of the speaker’s intended meaning. This effortless transition occurs on millisecond timescales, with remarkable speed and accuracy, and without any awareness of the complex computations on which it depends. How is this achieved? What are the processes and representations that support the transition from sound to m",{"id":357,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":358,"piName":10,"institution":359,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":360,"abstract":361},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670985","Form-frequency correspondences in grammar","UNIVERSITAET LEIPZIG","€1,772,625","This project will document and explain a substantial number of grammatical universals by demonstrating a link between cross-linguistic patterns of language form and general trends of language use. The claim is that frequently expressed meanings tend to be expressed by short forms, not only at the level of words, but also throughout the grammars of languages around the world (form-frequency correspondences). A simple example is the asymmetry in the coding of present-tense forms and future-tense f",{"id":363,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":364,"piName":10,"institution":365,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":366,"abstract":367},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670337","Individual decisions and macroeconomic robustness","UNIVERSITA COMMERCIALE LUIGI BOCCONI","€1,394,716","Model uncertainty is a key issue and an active research area in Macro-Finance. Its study, pioneered by Hansen and Sargent, substantially improves the treatment of uncertainty in Macro-Finance models and the robustness of their conclusions. The interest of central banks on problems related to model uncertainty is a clear signal of the relevance of this novel concept and the related theoretical framework. Model uncertainty in Macro-Finance and ambiguity in Decision Theory share a common insight th",{"id":369,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":370,"piName":10,"institution":371,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":372,"abstract":373},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670557","Multi-dimensional interferometric amplification of ultrashort laser pulses","FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA","€2,373,750","Ultrafast lasers, which allow the concentration of light in space and time, have been instrumental in revolutionizing industrial production technologies, medical applications and cutting-edge fundamental research. A common demand for many applications is the combination of maximum pulse peak powers with maximum average powers, in extreme cases involving petawatt (PW) peak powers and megawatt (MW) average powers. Additionally, these parameters must be achieved together with an optimum beam qualit",{"id":375,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":376,"piName":10,"institution":377,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":378},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669768","Vascular Engineering on chip using differentiated Stem Cells","UNIVERSITEIT TWENTE","Organs-on-chip hold great promise for the creation of complex and realistic disease models while having the potential to refine, reduce and (partly) replace existing animal models (3R principle). Of all organs, vasculature is extremely well-suited to realize on-chip since it pervades the whole organism, is present in all other organs, its malfunctioning plays a role in many diseases and finally is ideally suited to approach with microfabrication and microfluidic technologies. In the VESCEL progr",{"id":380,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":381,"piName":10,"institution":219,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":382},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670958","Function and malfunction of the prion protein","Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) are caused by the ordered aggregation of PrPC into prions consisting of PrPSc. Similar pathogenetic principles operate in Alzheimer’s and Parkin-son’s disease, and a growing list of further diseases whose prevalence is steadily rising. Familial TSE are invariably associated with PrPC mutations, and the dearth of genetic modifiers has hampered our understanding of prion diseases. Therefore, the first objective of my proposal utilizes a cell-based hi",{"id":384,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":385,"piName":10,"institution":386,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":387,"abstract":388},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670518","Europe’s Lost Frontiers: exploring climate change, settlement and colonisation of the submerged landscapes of the North Sea basin using ancient DNA, seismic mapping and complex systems modelling","UNIVERSITY OF BRADFORD","€2,497,843","The only lands on Earth that have not been explored in any depth by science are those that have been lost to the oceans. Global warming at the end of the last Ice Age led to the inundation of vast landscapes that had once been home to thousands of people. These lost lands hold a unique and largely unexplored record of settlement and colonisation linked to climate change over millennia. Amongst the most significant is Doggerland. Occupying much of the North Sea basin between continental Europe an",{"id":390,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":391,"piName":10,"institution":392,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":393,"abstract":394},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670759","Cochlear Optogenetics for Auditory Research and Prosthetics","UNIVERSITAETSMEDIZIN GOETTINGEN - GEORG-AUGUST-UNIVERSITAET GOETTINGEN - STIFTUNG OEFFENTLICHEN RECHTS","€2,496,405","Disabling hearing impairment (HI) affects 360 million people worldwide and prevalence increases with age. So far, no causal treatment is available for its most common form, sensorineural HI. I propose to establish, characterize, and employ optogenetic stimulation of the cochlea, which provides unprecedented opportunities for auditory research and promises a fundamental advance of hearing restoration.Sound is encoded by spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) with high frequency-, intensity-, and time-res",{"id":396,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":397,"piName":10,"institution":398,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":399,"abstract":400},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670955","Structural, genetic and functional analyses of broadly neutralizing antibodies against human pathogens","FONDAZIONE PER L'ISTITUTO DI RICERCA IN BIOMEDICINA","€1,867,500","The overall goal of this project is to understand the molecular mechanisms that lead to the generation of potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies against medically relevant pathogens, and to identify the factors that limit their production in response to infection or vaccination with current vaccines. We will use high-throughput cellular screens to isolate from immune donors clonally related antibodies to different sites of influenza hemagglutinin, which will be fully characterized and sequen",{"id":402,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":403,"piName":10,"institution":404,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":405,"abstract":406},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669194","Looking West: the European Socialist regimes facing pan-European cooperation and the European Community","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","€1,811,200","The project investigates the European Socialist regimes’ expectations and predicaments vis-à-vis the opening of a space of pan-European cooperation in the long 1970s. Against the background of East-West détente and incipient globalization, the Socialist élites had to work out complex ideological, economic, and political issues originating from their attempts at integrating in the world economy, deepening their rapprochement with Western Europe and dealing with the commercial giant next door, the",{"id":408,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":409,"piName":10,"institution":410,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":411,"abstract":412},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669758","Scalable Quantum Photonic Networks","KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET","€2,499,981","It is an outstanding challenge in quantum physics of today to scale small proof-of-concept experimental demonstrations into larger quantum networks. In the last decade, solid-state photonic systems have matured significantly, and an ambitious research project on such scaling seems viable. With the present proposal we intend to take up this challenge and exploit single quantum dots in photonic-crystal nanostructures as a deterministic photon-emitter interface for scalable quantum architectures. T",{"id":414,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":415,"piName":10,"institution":416,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":417,"abstract":418},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669240","Quantum Algebraic Structures and Models","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA TOR VERGATA","€1,587,500","This project aims to an innovative deep interplay between Operator Algebras and Quantum Field Theory. On one hand we want both to develop powerful tools to construct Quantum Field Theory models and provide a mathematical-conceptual description of interesting Physical contexts, on the other hand we want to set up and study the emerging mathematical structures, that have their own interest.  Our first objective aims to an intrinsic description of phase boundaries (defects) in two dimensions, devel",{"id":420,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":421,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":422,"abstract":423},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670821","Proteomics 4D: The proteome in context","€2,208,150","Elements operating in the context of a system generate results that are different from the simple addition of the results of each element. This notion is one of the basic tenants of systems science. In systems biology\u002Fmedicine complex (disease) phenotypes arise from multiple interacting factors, specifically proteins. Yet, the biochemical and mechanistic base of complex phenotypes remain elusive.An array of powerful genomic technologies including GWAS, WGS, transcriptomics, epigenetic analyses a",{"id":425,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":426,"piName":10,"institution":427,"country":428,"year":13,"amount":429,"abstract":430},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670798","Social Chemosignaling as a Factor in Human Behavior in both Health and Disease","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","IL","€2,074,206","We test the working hypothesis that humans are constantly engaging in social chemosignaling, and that this serves as a major yet underappreciated force in shaping human social behavior. A major component of social chemosignaling in macrosmatic mammals is conveying of social status, namely dominance\u002Fsubmissiveness. We start by testing the novel hypothesis that humans similarly share information on social status through chemosignals. In support of this, we provide pilot data for a smell of dominan",{"id":432,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":433,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":434},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671208","hybridFRET - deciphering biomolecular structure and dynamics","To understand and modulate biological processes, we need their spatiotemporal molecular models. In this project we propose to build these models by a holistic approach. The recent methodological and technical advances in fluorescence spectroscopy and microscopy as well as in multi-scale modelling of complex biochemical systems set the stage to tackle cross-fertilizing challenges in biophysics, biochemistry and cell biology. The applicant proposes to develop a novel integrative platform for a Mol",{"id":436,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":437,"piName":10,"institution":438,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":439},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670115","Read the fine print: Zooming into paleoenvironmental and biogeochemical processes through molecular imaging of biomarker distributions in sediments","UNIVERSITAET BREMEN","Lipid biomarkers provide unique information to disciplines such as paleoceanography, paleoecology and biogeochemistry. Factors limiting their scope include high sample demand and analytical complexity, constraining resolution of time and space to decadal and centimeter scales, respectively. However, dynamic interactions between physical, chemical and biological processes are recorded within sedimentary matrices at finer scales; lipid biomarkers could decode this sedimentary fine print if the lim",{"id":441,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":442,"piName":10,"institution":443,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":444,"abstract":445},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670216","Engineering of a minimal bacterial therapeutic chassis","FUNDACIO CENTRE DE REGULACIO GENOMICA","€2,454,522","Engineering bacteria to deliver therapeutic agents or to present antigens for vaccination is an emerging area of research with great clinical potential. The most challenging issue in this field is the selection of the right bacteria to engineer, commonly known as “chassis”. The best chassis depends on the application but there is a common drawback in bacteria used nowadays: their complexity and the lack of quantitative information for many reactions which limits genome engineering to classical t",{"id":447,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":448,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":449,"abstract":450},"cordis-european-research-council-award-652976","Resource Bounded Graph Query Answering","€2,171,524","When we search for a product, can we find, using a single query, top choices ranked by Google and at the same time, recommended by our friends connected on Facebook? Is such a query tractable on the social graph of Facebook, which has over 1.31 billion nodes and 170 billion links? Is it feasible to evaluate such a query if we have bounded resources such as time and computing facilities? These questions are challenging: they demand a departure from the traditional query evaluation paradigm and fr",{"id":452,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":453,"piName":10,"institution":454,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":455,"abstract":456},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669844","Learning, Analysis, SynthesiS and Optimization of Cyber-Physical Systems","AALBORG UNIVERSITET","€2,493,750","Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are emerging throughout society, e.g. traffic systems, smart grids, smart cities, and medical devices, and brings the promise to society of better solutions in terms of performance, efficiency and usability. However, CPS are often highly safety critical, e.g. cars or medical devices, thus the utmost care must be taken that optimization of performance does not hamper crucial safety conditions. Given the constant growth in complexity of CPS, this task is becoming incre",{"id":458,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":459,"piName":10,"institution":275,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":460},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669168","Novel Cells for Organ Repair","In adult organisms, the natural ability to regenerate tissues damaged by injury or aging resides in multipotent tissue-specific precursors in local microenvironments. The number of these precursors is often either limited or declines sharply with age. Moreover, long-term adverse side effects of cancer treatments affect patients of any age. Such treatments tend to diminish the stem cell and progenitor cell populations.In mammals pluripotency occurs only in the early embryo. Since 2006 it has been",{"id":462,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":463,"piName":10,"institution":464,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":465},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670874","Rotation and Nutation of a wobbly Earth","KONINKLIJKE STERRENWACHT VAN BELGIE","The rotation of the Earth has long been used as a measure of time, and the stars as reference points to determine travellers’ whereabouts on the globe. Today, precise timescales are provided using atomic clocks and precise positioning is determined using geodetic techniques such as GPS grounded on two reference frames: the terrestrial frame, fixed relative to the Earth and rotating synchronously with the planet, and the celestial frame, which is immobile in space, where the artificial satellites",{"id":467,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":468,"piName":10,"institution":469,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":470,"abstract":471},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669666","The Making of the Earth – Reading the Geochemical Code from Meteorites and the Earth’s Oldest Rocks","UNIVERSITAT ZU KOLN","€2,499,735","It is still an open question how Earth became the rocky habitable planet as we know it today. This is because there is a significant time gap of several 100 million years between Earth’s oldest rock archives (ca. 4 billion years old) and most extraterrestrial samples like meteorites that archive the birth of our solar system ca. 4.5 billion years ago. Within this time gap, three key processes that shaped our planet took place, i.e., Earth’s growth via asteroidal collisions, formation of the meta",{"id":473,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":474,"piName":10,"institution":443,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":475,"abstract":476},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670146","Mechanisms of alternative pre-mRNA splicing regulation in cancer and pluripotent cells","€2,159,574","Alternative splicing of messenger RNA precursors is a prevalent form of gene regulation that greatly expands the coding capacity and regulatory opportunities of higher eukaryotic genomes. It contributes to cell differentiation and pluripotency and its deregulation promotes cancer progression, as evidenced by the frequent occurrence of cancer-associated mutations in splicing factors, which are also targets of anti-tumor drugs. Despite its prevalence and relevance, the underlying mechanisms of reg",{"id":478,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":479,"piName":10,"institution":162,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":480,"abstract":481},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669898","R-loops as a major modulator of transcription-associated recombination and chromatin dynamics","€2,312,500","Understanding the causes of genome instability, a condition linked to cancer and cancer-prone genetic diseases, is a major question in Molecular Biology and Biomedicine. Probably the most important natural cause of genome instability is transcription, which is known to induce both mutation and recombination from bacteria to human cells. Different studies suggest that transcription-associated recombination (TAR) is in large part due to collisions between transcription and replication, but increas",{"id":483,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":484,"piName":10,"institution":485,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":270,"abstract":486},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669182","Recombination in large genome crop plants","THE JAMES HUTTON INSTITUTE","During meiosis, recombination (crossing-over, CO) drives the exchange of genetic materials and releases genetic diversity by creating new combinations of alleles within and among chromosomes. CO is exploited in plant breeding through the generation of large populations of recombinants from which genetically improved individuals are selected.  However in some economically important crops such as barley, the rate of improvement has plateaued. One hypothesis is that this is due to constraints on th",{"id":488,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":489,"piName":10,"institution":490,"country":134,"year":13,"amount":491,"abstract":492},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670462","Camera Observation and Modelling of 4D Tracer Dispersion in the Atmosphere","STIFTELSEN NILU","€2,800,000","COMTESSA will push back the limits of our understanding of turbulence and plume dispersion in the atmosphere by bringing together full four-dimensional (space and time) observations of a (nearly) passive tracer (sulfur dioxide, SO2), with advanced data analysis and turbulence and dispersion modelling.Observations will be made with six cameras sensitive to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and three cameras sensitive to infrared (IR) radiation. The UV cameras will be built specifically for this project ",{"id":494,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":495,"piName":10,"institution":496,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":497},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671084","Insomnia’s Negative Sequelae On Mood: from Neuroscience to Intervention in the Aged","KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN - KNAW","Major depression is among the most burdening health hazards. Its prevalence is 1-3%, an additional 8-16% have clinically significant symptoms, and prognosis is poor. Unfortunately, less than 20% of the cases are detected and treatment effectiveness is moderate. The Global Consortium for Depression Prevention stresses that our best chance to combat the global burden of depression is provide preventive intervention to identified people at risk. This project targets the strongest modifiable risk fa",{"id":499,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":500,"piName":10,"institution":501,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":502,"abstract":503},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669771","N-Myc and Aurora A: From Protein Stability to Chromosome Topology N-Myc and Aurora A: From Protein Stability to Chromosome Topology Myc and Aurora A: From Protein Stability to Chromosome Topology","JULIUS-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAT WURZBURG","€2,455,180","There is an intense interest in the function of human Myc proteins that stems from their pervasive role in the genesis of human tumors. A large body of evidence has established that expression levels of one of three closely related Myc proteins are enhanced in the majority of all human tumors and that multiple tumor entities depend on elevated Myc function, arguing that targeting Myc will have significant therapeutic efficacy. This hope awaits clinical confirmation, since the strategies that are",{"id":505,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":506,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":507,"abstract":508},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669562","Polymeric Analogs to Biolubrication Systems","€2,456,570","Lubrication in nature is based on water, but only functions due to the presence of a host of biomolecules. In articular (e.g. hip) joints, it appears that the lubrication system is even more complex than previously believed, involving multiple gradients in structures and properties. Gels and brushes appear to play an important role in biolubrication, while highly confined, highly hydrated charged polymers are key to the important mechanical properties of cartilage. Components such as hyaluronic ",{"id":510,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":511,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":512,"abstract":513},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670478","Plasmonic-Silicon-Organic Hybrid – a Universal Platform for THz Communications","€2,487,475","The PLASILOR project aims at combining the best of three worlds by bringing silicon, organic and plasmonic technologies onto one common platform. Within PLASILOR, we will develop novel devices that outperform the current state-of-the-art in terms of functionality, speed and size thanks to unique characteristics only offered by organics and plasmonics.     The focus of the device activities will be on novel transmitters and receivers and their subcomponents. Key to the project will be high-speed ",{"id":515,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":516,"piName":10,"institution":517,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":518,"abstract":519},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670668","Efficient, Flexible Synthesis of Molecules with Tailored Shapes: from Photo-switchable Helices to anti-Cancer Compounds","UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL","€2,436,379","The creation of new molecular entities and subsequent exploitation of their properties is central to a broad spectrum of research disciplines from medicine to materials but progress has been limited by the difficulties associated with chemical synthesis. We are now proposing a fundamentally new strategy, which has the potential to revolutionise how we conduct complex organic synthesis. The basic C–C bond-forming step involves the reaction of a lithiated carbamate with a boronic ester to give a h",{"id":521,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":522,"piName":10,"institution":193,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":523,"abstract":524},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670405","Excited electronic states in extended molecular systems","€2,499,836","The directed movement of electronic excitations in molecular materials lies at the heart of photosynthesis and also in nanoscale synthetic materials systems used for electronic applications.  Efficient materials systems must span many length scales; from nm molecular dimensions, to the 10 nm length scale of Coulomb interactions at 300 K in molecular systems, to the macroscopic dimensions of biological structures and of synthetic electronic devices.  There is now tantalising evidence that efficie",{"id":526,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":527,"piName":10,"institution":528,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":529,"abstract":530},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669689","Harmonic Analysis and Differential Equations: New Challenges","UNIVERSIDAD DEL PAIS VASCO\u002F EUSKAL HERRIKO UNIBERTSITATEA","€1,672,103","This project sets forth cutting-edge challenges in the field of Mathematical Physics that will be solved within a common framework by making novel use of classical tools of Harmonic Analysis such as Oscillatory Integrals and Trigonometric Sums, the Cauchy operator, and the so-called Carleman estimates. Three aspects will be covered:1.Vortex Filament Equation (VFE)2.Relativistic and Non-relativistic Critical Electromagnetic Hamiltonians 3.Uncertainty Principles (UPs) and ApplicationsThe interacti",{"id":532,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":533,"piName":10,"institution":534,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":535,"abstract":536},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670726","The values of French language and literature in the European Middle Ages","KING'S COLLEGE LONDON","€2,274,225","Two questions about linguistic identity lie at the heart of this project. What is the relation historically between language andidentity in Europe? How are cognate languages demarcated from each other? Normative models of national languageshelped shape Europe. Yet they did not become hegemonic until the 19th century. Indeed, they were imposed (not alwayssuccessfully) on a linguistic map of Europe more fluid and complex than most histories of national languages allow. In theMiddle Ages multilingu",{"id":538,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":539,"piName":10,"institution":540,"country":541,"year":13,"amount":542,"abstract":543},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670951","Novel Gene Therapy Based on the Activation of Endogenous Genes for the Treatment of Ischemia - Concepts of endogenetherapy, release of promoter pausing, promoter-targeted ncRNAs and nuclear RNAi","ITA-SUOMEN YLIOPISTO","FI","€2,437,500","Background: Therapeutic angiogenesis with vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) has great potential to become a novel, minimally invasive new treatment for a large number of patients with severe myocardial ischemia. However, this requires development of new technology. Advancing state-of-the-art: We propose a paradigm shift in gene therapy for chronic ischemia by activating endogenous VEGF-A,-B and -C genes and angiogenic transcription programs from the native promoters instead of gene tra",{"id":545,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":546,"piName":10,"institution":547,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":548,"abstract":549},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670629","Novel materials to improve magnetic resonance imaging","ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS LEIDEN","€2,263,692","MRI is one of the most important human clinical imaging modalities. Over the past decade many technological advances have improved image quality substantially. One of the critical trends has been the move towards higher magnetic fields, which has transformed many clinical applications, but has also introduced significant challenges.  These higher fields correspond to higher operating frequencies, which lead to increased image non-uniformities, impairing clinical interpretation, and higher power ",{"id":551,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":552,"piName":10,"institution":496,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":553,"abstract":554},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669334","Intergenerational Reproduction and Solidarity in an Era of Family Complexity","€2,499,533","One of the important consequences of the Second Demographic Transition has been the increasing complexity of families. The aim of this project is to study how rising family complexity has affected two fundamental aspects of intergenerational relationships: reproduction and solidarity. Theoretically, family complexity is distinguished into four dimensions: (a) the length, timing and nature of exposure to the child, (c) biological relatedness to the child, and (c) characteristics of parent-parent ",{"id":556,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":557,"piName":10,"institution":558,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":559,"abstract":560},"cordis-european-research-council-award-666983","The Materials Genome in Action","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE","€2,486,720","It is now possible to make an enormous spectrum of different, novel nanoporous materials simply by changing the building blocks in the synthesis of Metal Organic Frameworks (MOF) or related materials. This unique chemical tunability allows us to tailor-make materials that are optimal for a given application. The promise of finding just the right material seems remote however: because of practical limitations we can only ever synthesize, characterize, and test a tiny fraction of all possible mate",{"id":562,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":563,"piName":10,"institution":564,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":565,"abstract":566},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670424","HIV-1 sensing and signaling in dendritic cells","ACADEMISCH MEDISCH CENTRUM BIJ DE UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM","€2,499,156","HIV-1 is a major global health problem with over 2 million new infections every year, and although antiretroviral therapy is effective, chronic infected patients suffer from severe co-morbidities due to immune dysfunction. With the proposed SENTINEL project, I aim to identify novel strategies to enhance innate antiviral immunity to HIV-1 to limit establishment and progression of chronic disease. Our novel data strongly suggest that induction of antiviral innate immune responses in dendritic cell",{"id":568,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":569,"piName":10,"institution":570,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":571},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669529","Ultra-Fast Silicon Detectors: Enabling Discoveries","ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE","The goal of our project is to empower a broad range of research fields with a completely new particle detector, able to concurrently deliver time resolutions of the order of ~10 picoseconds and position resolutions of ~30 microns. In so doing, we will remove the constrains that many applications such as particle tracking, medical PET, mass spectroscopy, and beam monitoring have due to the lack of precise information on all 4 dimensions. Our analysis of state-of-the-art particle detectors has sho",{"id":573,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":574,"piName":10,"institution":575,"country":134,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":576},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669442","Controlling Electric Signals with Insulating Antiferromagnets and Insulating Ferromagnets","NORGES TEKNISK-NATURVITENSKAPELIGE UNIVERSITET NTNU","The proposal aims to facilitate a revolution of information and communication technologies by controlling electric signals with antiferromagnetic insulators and ferromagnetic insulators. We recently discovered that antiferromagnets can be active components in spintronics devices despite their lack of a macroscopic magnetic moment, and even when they are insulating.Conventional electronics- and spintronics-based logic and memory devices, interconnects, and microwave oscillators are based on (spin",{"id":578,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":579,"piName":10,"institution":275,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":580},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669982","Reshuffling genes and genomes: from experimental evolution to synthetic biology in plants","GENEVOSYN has three highly ambitious objectives that will enable the engineering of new generations of crop plants. The project consists of three complementary workpackages (WPs) and will use both synthetic genomes and naturally available genomes as raw material for novel biotechnology and synthetic biology approaches. It will employ experimental gene and genome transfer as well as recently discovered natural (horizontal) genome transfer processes to generate new crop varieties and species. In W",{"id":582,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":583,"piName":10,"institution":584,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":585,"abstract":586},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670436","Scriptores Iuris Romani. Texts and Thought.","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA LA SAPIENZA","€2,025,000","The goal the PI intends to reach, in cooperation with scholars of the Universities of Roma 'La Sapienza', Pavia, Siena, Bologna, Cassino and others Italian and European Universities, is to create the basis – in texts and in interpretation - for a new approach to the remains of the ancient Roman jurists. What we suggest is an advanced paradigm in considering the most important part of Roman law: the Justinian Digesta, and other juridical Late antique anthologies. A change of perspective of great ",{"id":588,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":589,"piName":10,"institution":496,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":590,"abstract":591},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670133","Dissecting microbiome and immune interactions in human intestinal (cancer) organoids","€3,062,438","We pioneered the essential role of Wnt signals in adult stem cells, i.e. in intestinal crypts. We also found that loss of the APC gene activates the Wnt pathway and causes colorectal cancer (CRC). We then identified a Wnt target gene, Lgr5, which allowed us to define the crypt stem cells. In a previous ERC grant based on these findings, we identified novel Lgr5 stem cells in multiple organs, and defined in vitro culture conditions to grow epithelial organoids from single Lgr5 stem cells. Crucial",{"id":593,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":594,"piName":10,"institution":595,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":596,"abstract":597},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669415","PTX3 in Humoral Innate Immunity","HUMANITAS MIRASOLE SPA","€2,497,081","The innate immune system includes a cellular and a humoral arm.  Structural diversity is a characteristic of humoral fluid phase pattern recognition molecules. These include  complement components, collectins, ficolins, and  pentraxins. We have used the long pentraxin PTX3, identified by the applicant (cDNA and genomic, mouse and  human), as a prototypic fluid phase pattern recognition molecule to dissect its function, as well as to define general properties of humoral innate immunity and its in",{"id":599,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":600,"piName":10,"institution":601,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":602,"abstract":603},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670298","Stability conditions, Donaldson-Thomas invariants and cluster varieties","THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD","€1,556,550","This proposal is concerned with the homological properties of Calabi-Yau threefolds, the  geometric structures which play a crucial role in string theory. Rather than working directly with categories of sheaves, we focus on a closely-related class of models defined using quivers with potentials, which have themselves been the subject of intensive research over the last decade.Associated to a quiver with potential are two complex manifolds: the space of stability conditions  and the cluster varie",{"id":605,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":606,"piName":10,"institution":607,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":608},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670792","Origins of a new Economic Union (7th to 12th centuries): resources, landscapes and political strategies in a Mediterranean region","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI SIENA","Medieval archaeology over the past thirty years has challenged the canonic history of the rise of Western Europe. First, the collapse of the Roman world in Italy by the 7th century was more profound than had been previously envisaged by historians, leaving rural society, in particular, maintaining comparatively primitive conditions. Secondly, in complete contrast, north-west Europe by stages between the 7th and 9th centuries developed an integrated economic union. Central to this was agricultura",{"id":610,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":611,"piName":10,"institution":612,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":613,"abstract":614},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671083","Understanding Cytokinetic Actomyosin Ring Assembly Through Genetic Code Expansion, Click Chemistry, DNA origami, and in vitro Reconstitution","UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK","€2,863,705","The mechanism of cell division is conserved in many eukaryotes, from yeast to man. A contractile ring of filamentous actin and myosin II motors generates the force to bisect a mother cell into two daughters. The actomyosin ring is among the most complex cellular machines, comprising over 150 proteins. Understanding how these proteins organize themselves into a functional ring with appropriate contractile properties remains one of the great challenges in cell biology. Efforts to generate a compre",{"id":616,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":617,"piName":10,"institution":618,"country":182,"year":13,"amount":619,"abstract":620},"cordis-european-research-council-award-667205","Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Water in its Various States","STOCKHOLMS UNIVERSITET","€2,486,951","We propose to address some of the most important outstanding questions for a microscopic understanding of water: What is the structure and dynamics of the hydrogen-bonding network that give rise to all the unique properties of water? How is the structure and dynamics affected by temperature, pressure and by perturbation through interaction with solutes and interfaces? Here we point to the opportunity to exploit the completely new avenues that the novel x-ray free-electron lasers open up for prob",{"id":622,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":623,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":624,"abstract":625},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670193","Cosmological Structure Formation in the Multiverse","€2,191,778","This application proposes a programme of research directed at the outstanding puzzle of modern cosmology: the strangely small non-zero value of the vacuum density.  This can be approached in three ways: (1) Evolution; (2) Revision of gravity;(3) Observer selection in the multiverse.  The first two of these can be addressed by ongoing and future large galaxy surveys.  Part of the research programme is directed at new ways of assuring robust measurements from these surveys of the main diagnostics ",{"id":627,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":628,"piName":10,"institution":517,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":629,"abstract":630},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669545","Effects of maternal gestational adiposity on fetal development and perinatal, postnatal and next generation health.","€1,863,321","Pregnant women who are overweight\u002Fobese have increased risks of adverse perinatal outcomes, and of having offspring who are subsequently overweight\u002Fobese. A potentially important consequence of this is that it will drive the obesity epidemic across generations. Evidence from animal models supports this, but it has not been explored in humans. Furthermore, we need to know the mechanisms linking maternal adiposity to adverse offspring and next generation outcomes in order to develop preventive int",{"id":632,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":633,"piName":10,"institution":634,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":635,"abstract":636},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669926","Design and redesign of a plant immune receptor complex","THE SAINSBURY LABORATORY","€2,499,978","This project will (1) reveal design principles of paired immune receptor complexes and (2) elevate plant disease resistance by enabling design of immune receptors with new recognition capacities.  Plant immunity is triggered upon pathogen detection by dedicated immune receptors. Like animal Nod-like receptors (NLRs), plant immune receptors have a modular structure and can work in pairs, both of which are required for defence activation upon recognition of specific pathogen proteins. How such int",{"id":638,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":639,"piName":10,"institution":150,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":640,"abstract":641},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669424","Reconstitution of Chromosome Replication and Epigenetic Inheritance","€1,983,019","A PubMed search for ‘epigenetic’ identifies nearly 35,000 entries, yet the molecular mechanisms by which chromatin modification and gene expression patterns are actually inherited during chromosome replication — mechanisms which lie at the heart of epigenetic inheritance of gene expression — are still largely uncharacterised.   Understanding these mechanisms would be greatly aided if we could reconstitute the replication of chromosomes with purified proteins.  The past few years have seen great ",{"id":643,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":644,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":645,"abstract":646},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671000","Interacting polaritons in two-dimensional electron systems","€2,482,250","Reversible coupling of excitons and photons in a microcavity leads to the formation of mixed light-matter quasiparticles, called cavity-polaritons. Weakly interacting polaritons constitute a rich system for studying nonequilibrium condensation and superfluidity. While exciton-polaritons have been studied mostly in intrinsic semiconductors with no free electrons, two-dimensional modulation-doped semiconductors with strong interactions between electrons have played a central role in unravelling ma",{"id":648,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":649,"piName":10,"institution":275,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":650,"abstract":651},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670166","Spin Orbitronics for Electronic Technologies","€2,750,000","Spintronics is a vibrant field of research that involves the intimate interaction of magnetic structure on the atomic scale with spin currents and spin-polarized charge currents. SORBET is focussed on an emerging sub-field of spintronics, namely that of spin orbitronics. Recent discoveries in this field concern the interplay of several distinct spin orbit coupling derived phenomena that, together, allow for the highly efficient currentinduced motion of domain walls (DWs) in magnetic nanowires. I",{"id":653,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":654,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":655,"abstract":656},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670603","Fulfilling Paul Ehrlich’s Dream: therapeutics with activity on demand","€2,000,000","Paul Ehrlich was the first scientist to postulate that if a compound could be made that selectively targeted disease-causing cells, then this agent could be used for the delivery of a toxin, which would enable a pharmacotherapy of unprecedented potency and selectivity. With this procedure, a magic bullet (Zauberkugel, his term for an ideal therapeutic agent) would be created, that killed diseased cells while sparing normal tissues.The concept of a magic bullet was to some extent realized by the ",{"id":658,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":659,"piName":10,"institution":285,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":660,"abstract":661},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670010","FLow of Ancient Metals across Eurasia (FLAME): New frameworks for interpreting human interaction in Later Prehistory","€2,447,052","FLow of Ancient Metals across Eurasia (FLAME) is a new empirical and conceptual framework for understanding human interactions in Later Prehistory across all of Eurasia. Taking existing data on the chemical and isotopic composition of copper alloy objects and combining them with typological and chronological information within a GIS framework, FLAME aims to rewrite the history of human engagement with copper and its alloys across Eurasia, from Atlantic Iberia to the shores of the Pacific during ",{"id":663,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":664,"piName":10,"institution":665,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":666,"abstract":667},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670986","Development of Molecular-defined Non-noble Metal Complexes and Nano-structured Materials for Sustainable Redox Reactions Development of Molecular-defined Non-noble Metal Complexes and Nano-structured","LEIBNIZ INSTITUT FUER KATALYSE EV","€2,499,375","The major objective of this proposal is the development of new active and selective catalysts based on earth abundant metals (e.g. Fe, Mn, Co, Cu). These catalysts will be used for improved synthetic transformations which are of interest for organic chemistry in general and which are also of significant practical value for the chemical and life science industries. Traditional catalysts based on non-noble metals are not efficient for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes under mild conditio",{"id":669,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":670,"piName":10,"institution":671,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":672},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670555","A data-driven multiscale simulation of organogenesis","EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY","Organogensis is the process by which multiple different cell types grow, differentiate and interact with each other (both molecularly and physically) to create large complex structures with integrated functions, such as the heart, brain or limb. Understanding this process has enormous potential impact, both scientifically and medically. The SIMBIONT project represents both a grand technical challenge, and a fundamental scientific question. The grand technical challenge is to build the first ever",{"id":674,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":675,"piName":10,"institution":676,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":677,"abstract":678},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670823","Bacterial, cellular and epigenetic factors that control enteropathogenicity","INSTITUT PASTEUR","€1,147,500","Understanding the establishment and persistence of bacterial infections in the gut requires integrating an ensemble of factors including bacterial and host components and the presence of other microorganisms. We will capitalize on 25 years of studies on the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes used as a model, to focus on three objectives which will significantly increase our knowledge of the bacterium, of the cell biology of infection and of the epigenetic reprogramming upon infection. Our aims are",{"id":680,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":681,"piName":10,"institution":275,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":682,"abstract":683},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669686","Molecular reconstitution of epigenetic centromere inheritance","€2,064,583","Accurate segregation of the parental genome to the daughter cells during mitosis is essential for cell and organismal viability, protecting against cell death or cellular transformation. Kinetochores are crucial for accurate chromosome segregation because they link chromosomes to spindle microtubules. Kinetochores sprout from unique chromosomal loci named centromeres. In most eukaryotes, centromere specification does not rely on defined DNA sequences. Rather, centromere specification relies on e",{"id":685,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":686,"piName":10,"institution":558,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":687,"abstract":688},"cordis-european-research-council-award-667156","Topological organization of vertebrate regulatory landscapes:   The Hox genes paradigm","€2,499,628","The aim of this grant is to understand how mammalian developmental genes, which are usually pleiotropic, are controlled via long-range regulations and how chromatin partitions into large and discrete regulatory domains, generally matching Topologically Associating Domains (TADs). We want to understand how such domains emerged in evolution, how they are built during development and how they help implement enhancer functions. We will use a large genomic interval in mouse chromosome 2 containing th",{"id":690,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":691,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":692,"abstract":693},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669908","Pathways to Intrinsically Icephobic Surfaces","€2,498,043","Icing of surfaces is common in nature and technology, affecting everyday life and often causing catastrophic events. Despite progress in recent years in the area of hydrophobicity, engineered surfaces that can be employed in applications based on their intrinsic icephobicity, going beyond classical additional chemical coatings or heating treatments, are not a reality. Understanding and counteracting surface icing brings with it significant scientific challenges, which form an intersection of nuc",{"id":695,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":696,"piName":10,"institution":427,"country":428,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":697},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670535","Laying the Biological, Computational and Architectural Foundations for Human Cell Lineage Discovery","Within a decade, advances in single-cell genomics would allow humanity to embark on a coordinated international effort to discover the human cell lineage tree. The goal of LineageDiscovery is to lay the biological, computational and architectural foundations for this envisioned project and demonstrate its feasibility and value.An organismal cell lineage tree is a rooted, labelled binary tree where nodes represent organism cells, edges represent progeny relations and labels capture cell state.  T",{"id":699,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":700,"piName":10,"institution":671,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":480,"abstract":701},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671027","Exploring mechanisms of gene repression and escape during X-chromosome inactivation","During mammalian development, precise gene expression patterns have to be established and then maintained, or reversed, in different cellular and tissue contexts. A striking example of such developmentally regulated gene control is X-chromosome inactivation (XCI), whereby one of the two X chromosomes in females is silenced during embryogenesis. XCI is initiated by the non-coding Xist RNA, which coats the chromosome in cis, triggering gene repression, chromatin changes and chromosomal reorganisat",{"id":703,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":704,"piName":10,"institution":705,"country":163,"year":13,"amount":706,"abstract":707},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669141","Virtual Design, Virtual Processing and Virtual Testing of Metallic Materials","FUNDACION IMDEA MATERIALES","€2,466,250","The project VIRMETAL is aimed at developing multiscale modeling strategies to carry out virtual design, virtual processing and virtual testing of advanced metallic alloys for engineering applications so new materials can be designed, tested and optimized before they are actually manufactured in the laboratory. The focus of the project is on materials engineering i.e. understanding how the structure of the materials develops during processing (virtual processing), the relationship between this st",{"id":709,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":710,"piName":10,"institution":558,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":711,"abstract":712},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670918","Photo Induced Collective Properties of Hybrid Halide Perovskites","€2,495,712","The recent discovery of the organo-inorganic perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 as very efficient material in photoelectric conversion is multifaceted: it turns out that this compound is promising not only in photovoltaics, but it is lasing, it gives bright light emitting diodes, promising in water splitting and we are persuaded that it can play an important role in basic sciences, as well.We have recently realized that under white light illumination the photoelectrons, due to their very long recombination t",{"id":714,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":715,"piName":10,"institution":716,"country":717,"year":13,"amount":718,"abstract":719},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669609","Ecological determinants of tropical-temperate trends in insect diversity","BIOLOGICKE CENTRUM AKADEMIE VID CESKE REPUBLIKY VEREJNA VYZKUMNA INSTITUCE","CZ","€3,349,618","The study will examine one of the most fundamental, yet poorly understood patterns of global biodiversity distribution: How can so many species coexist in a tropical forest? This key question of current ecology will be studied using quantitative surveys of plant-herbivore-parasitoid food webs within paired sets of tropical and temperate forests from six continents, in Papua New Guinea (PNG), Gabon, Panama, the Czech Republic, Japan, and USA, sampled using canopy cranes, truck-mounted elevated pl",{"id":721,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":722,"piName":10,"institution":723,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":724,"abstract":725},"cordis-european-research-council-award-666669","The effects of early-life adversity on cognition: A comparative approach.","UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE","€2,080,040","This research programme will investigate how adversity experienced early in life affects cognition in adulthood in two different long-lived species, humans and European starlings. Previous research has suggested that there might be cross-species similarities in the way early-life adversity shapes cognition, but the extent of commonalities has not been systematically investigated. I will focus on three cognitive domains where we have some evidence that early-life adversity may be important: impul",{"id":727,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":728,"piName":10,"institution":729,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":730,"abstract":731},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670126","DE NOVO GENERATION OF SOMATIC STEM CELLS: REGULATION AND MECHANISMS OF CELL PLASTICITY","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA","€2,498,934","The possibility to artificially induce and expand in vitro tissue-specific stem cells (SCs) is an important goal for regenerative medicine, to understand organ physiology, for in vitro modeling of human diseases and many other applications. Here we found that this goal can be achieved in the culture dish by transiently inducing expression of YAP or TAZ - nuclear effectors of the Hippo and biomechanical pathways - into primary\u002Fterminally differentiated cells of distinct tissue origins. Moreover, ",{"id":733,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":734,"piName":10,"institution":735,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":736},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670896","Smart Device Communication: A paradigm for  high PERformance FUture Mobile nEtworking","EURECOM GIE","Advances in theory, integration techniques and standardization have led to huge progress in wireless technologies. Despite successes with past and current (5G) research, new paradigms leading to greater spectral efficiencies and intelligent network organizations will be in great demand to absorb the continuous growth in mobile data. Our ability to respond suitably to this challenge in the next decade will ensure sustained competitiveness in the digital economy.With few exceptions such as ad-hoc ",{"id":738,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":739,"piName":10,"institution":193,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":740},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670645","A multi-resolution theory for systems and control across scales","The multi-resolution approach to science and engineering is key to tackle the complexity of systems that span across many temporal and spatial scales. This approach has revolutionized signal processing over the last two decades, most notably through wavelet theory, which builds upon the elementary concept of zooming in and out a mother signal localized in time and frequency. A similar revolution is needed in systems and control to address the most pressing engineering challenges of the 21st cent",{"id":742,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":743,"piName":10,"institution":140,"country":141,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":744},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669792","unrAvelLing sLow modE travelinG and tRaffic: with innOvative data to a new transportation and traffic theory for pedestrians and bicycles","A major challenge in contemporary traffic and transportation theory is having a comprehensive understanding of pedestrians and cyclists behaviour. This is notoriously hard to observe, since sensors providing abundant and detailed information about key variables characterising this behaviour have not been available until very recently. The behaviour is also far more complex than that of the much better understood fast mode. This is due to the many degrees of freedom in decision-making, the intera",{"id":746,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":747,"piName":10,"institution":106,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":748,"abstract":749},"cordis-european-research-council-award-666981","Taming non convexity?","€1,450,625","In many important areas and applications of science one has to solve non convex optimization problems and  ideally and ultimately one would like to find the global optimum. However in most cases one is faced with NP-hard problems and therefore in practice one has been often satisfied with only a local optimum obtained  with some ad-hoc (local) optimization algorithm. TAMING intends to provide a systematic methodology for solving hard non convex polynomial optimization problems in all areas of sc",{"id":751,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":752,"piName":10,"institution":753,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":754,"abstract":755},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670467","Artificial-Intelligence Driven Discovery and Synthesis of Polyoxometalate Clusters","UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW","€2,464,532","We outline a 5 year programme that introduces a new platform for the preparation, understanding, and exploitation of precisely defined nano-molecules \u002F materials based upon the assembly of molecular metal oxide precursors (polyoxometalates) under non-equilibrium conditions with well-defined physical properties using automated intelligent feedback. We will elucidate the mechanism of assembly of these gigantic molecules and  devise a set of rules similar to the magic numbers found in gold nanoclus",{"id":757,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":758,"piName":10,"institution":723,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":759,"abstract":760},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670980","L-form bacteria, biotechnology and disease","€2,428,621","Despite the clear importance and multiple functions of the bacterial cell wall, many bacteria appearto be able to switch into a cell wall deficient or “L-form” state. L-forms are very heterogeneous insize and shape and generally require osmotic stabilisers, such as 0.5 M sucrose, for viability.However, by lacking the requirement for a cell wall, L-forms are completely resistant to commoncell wall antibiotics, such as β-lactams, and they are probably protected from some elements ofinnate immune r",{"id":762,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":763,"piName":10,"institution":764,"country":428,"year":13,"amount":765,"abstract":766},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669655","Harmonic Analysis and l-adic sheaves","THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM","€1,569,488","In  recent years there has been impressive development of the higher category theory and in particular development of the categorical counterpart of the Langlands conjecture over fields of finite characteristic. But until now, this development has had little bearing on the classical problems which deal with spaces of functions. The main goal of this proposal is to build the technique to apply the category theory  to classical problems. Of course on the way I will have to deal with problems in th",{"id":768,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":769,"piName":10,"institution":89,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":770,"abstract":771},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669253","Early Star-Forming Galaxies and Cosmic Reionisation","€2,458,405","Several hundred million years after the Universe was born the first stellar systems began to shine. Energetic photons from early hot stars, free from enrichment by heavy elements, reionised the hydrogen in deep space. Ambitious observational facilities will directly chart this final frontier in cosmic history and any insight we can obtain now will be invaluable in future planning. Key questions include: what is the duration of this reionisation period; was this `cosmic dawn’ a brief or extended ",138,{"programme":8,"total":774,"withPiName":775,"firstYear":776,"lastYear":777,"countryCount":778,"perYear":779,"topInstitutions":835,"topCountries":906},4756,450,2008,2027,46,[780,782,785,788,791,794,797,800,801,804,806,809,812,815,818,821,824,827,830,833],{"year":776,"count":781},47,{"year":783,"count":784},2009,232,{"year":786,"count":787},2010,248,{"year":789,"count":790},2011,276,{"year":792,"count":793},2012,293,{"year":795,"count":796},2013,344,{"year":798,"count":799},2014,359,{"year":13,"count":772},{"year":802,"count":803},2016,299,{"year":805,"count":784},2017,{"year":807,"count":808},2018,376,{"year":810,"count":811},2019,241,{"year":813,"count":814},2020,137,{"year":816,"count":817},2021,228,{"year":819,"count":820},2022,322,{"year":822,"count":823},2023,252,{"year":825,"count":826},2024,243,{"year":828,"count":829},2025,222,{"year":831,"count":832},2026,264,{"year":777,"count":834},3,[836,839,842,845,848,851,854,857,860,863,866,869,872,875,878,881,884,887,889,892,894,896,898,901,903],{"name":837,"count":838},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",206,{"name":840,"count":841},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",133,{"name":843,"count":844},"University of Oxford",128,{"name":846,"count":847},"University of Cambridge",124,{"name":849,"count":850},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",84,{"name":852,"count":853},"Weizmann Institute of Science",74,{"name":855,"count":856},"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne",72,{"name":858,"count":859},"University College London",69,{"name":861,"count":862},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",59,{"name":864,"count":865},"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem",57,{"name":867,"count":868},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",52,{"name":870,"count":871},"University of Bristol",49,{"name":873,"count":874},"University of Edinburgh",48,{"name":876,"count":877},"Kobenhavns Universitet",40,{"name":879,"count":880},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",39,{"name":882,"count":883},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",38,{"name":885,"count":886},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",35,{"name":888,"count":886},"Tel Aviv University",{"name":890,"count":891},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",33,{"name":893,"count":891},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":895,"count":891},"Universitat Wien",{"name":897,"count":891},"University of Manchester",{"name":899,"count":900},"Helsingin Yliopisto",32,{"name":902,"count":900},"Karolinska Institutet",{"name":904,"count":905},"Technische Universiteit Delft",30,[907,909,911,913,915,917,919,921,923,925,928,929,931,934,936,938,940,941,944,947,950,953,955,957,960],{"name":27,"count":908},802,{"name":20,"count":910},778,{"name":48,"count":912},581,{"name":141,"count":914},390,{"name":12,"count":916},310,{"name":66,"count":918},302,{"name":163,"count":920},269,{"name":428,"count":922},202,{"name":182,"count":924},183,{"name":926,"count":927},"AT",153,{"name":34,"count":927},{"name":41,"count":930},107,{"name":932,"count":933},"GB",78,{"name":541,"count":935},76,{"name":134,"count":937},65,{"name":242,"count":939},42,{"name":231,"count":877},{"name":942,"count":943},"HU",25,{"name":945,"count":946},"EL",24,{"name":948,"count":949},"US",20,{"name":951,"count":952},"PL",18,{"name":717,"count":954},15,{"name":956,"count":954},"SI",{"name":958,"count":959},"CN",9,{"name":961,"count":962},"EE",8]