[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-advanced-grant-2016":3,"awarded-stats-erc-advanced-grant":1096},{"awarded":4,"total":1095},[5,16,23,30,35,40,46,52,59,64,69,74,78,83,87,92,97,103,110,116,121,125,131,136,140,145,149,154,158,165,171,176,183,188,195,200,206,210,216,222,229,236,242,248,254,260,266,272,279,284,289,295,301,307,313,318,323,329,334,340,346,352,358,364,370,376,381,386,392,396,401,407,413,418,423,430,436,442,448,454,460,464,470,474,481,488,494,501,506,512,518,524,529,535,540,544,549,554,559,564,569,574,580,585,591,596,602,607,612,618,623,627,632,637,642,647,652,657,663,668,674,680,685,690,696,700,705,711,717,722,726,731,737,742,748,752,757,761,766,771,776,781,786,792,797,802,808,814,820,825,830,835,841,846,851,855,860,865,871,877,883,889,894,899,904,909,913,918,924,930,935,940,945,950,955,960,965,970,976,980,985,991,996,1001,1007,1013,1019,1023,1029,1035,1041,1046,1051,1056,1061,1066,1071,1076,1083,1089],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694988","European Research Council","ERC Advanced Grant","Dis-inhibitory circuits in the human cerebral cortex",null,"THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","UK",2016,"€2,499,913","Temporal co-ordination of the activity of cortical neurons underlies cognitive processes. Intracortical inhibitory circuits set temporal windows for modulation of glutamatergic pyramidal cell firing. In non-human mammals, the activity of the GABAergic neurons is governed by other specialised GABAergic neurons, which can dis-inhibit pyramidal cells. The overarching aim of this project is to define cellular and pharmacological mechanisms of dis-inhibitory circuits in the human cerebral cortex. The",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":22},"cordis-european-research-council-award-665951","Enantioselective Light-induced Catalysis for Organic Synthesis","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","DE","€2,357,901","Photochemical reactions are induced by ultraviolet or visible light and they enable the construction of molecular skeletons that are difficult or even impossible to access by any other means. In order to secure a widespread application of these reactions in organic synthesis and in order to make the respective products available for high-tech applications, it is required that photochemical reactions can be performed enantioselectively, i.e. that the three-dimensional architecture of the product ",{"id":24,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":25,"piName":10,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":28,"abstract":29},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693267","Memory and innate-like B-cell subsets: deciphering a multi-layered B-cell response in mice and humans","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","FR","€2,098,750","B cells are the main actors of successful vaccines, and their protective capacity relies on several subsets with innate-like and memory properties that fulfill different effector functions. In the present project, we wish to develop approaches in both mice and humans, to confront the similarities and the differences of their B cell responses. The three aims proposed are:1) To study the different B cell subsets and TFH cells engaged in a memory response through the use of a new mouse reporter lin",{"id":31,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":32,"piName":10,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":33,"abstract":34},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671231","Cell circuits as targets and biomarkers for liver disease and cancer prevention","€2,305,000","Chronic liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are major challenges for global health. HCC is the second leading and fastest rising cause of cancer death worldwide. The limited availability of therapeutic options reflects our poor understanding of the molecular and clinical mechanisms involved in progression of liver disease. Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a main risk factor for HCC. Although HCC may be avoided by addressing the underlying cause i",{"id":36,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":37,"piName":10,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":38,"abstract":39},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695467","Biological Determinants of ILC Reactivity for Immune Responses in Health and Disease","€1,899,375","Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) are a newly described family of hematopoietic cells that lack antigen-specific receptors but can be activated to promptly produce large amounts of cytokines (including interleukin (IL)-5, -13, -17A, -22, TNF-α and interferon-γ) and thereby contribute to the immediate, first-line immune defense against viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections. ILCs include the previously described natural killer (NK) cells and have a similar 'natural' effector function which is immed",{"id":41,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":42,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":44,"abstract":45},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669891","Algorithmic and Mathematical Cryptology","CISPA - HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM FUR INFORMATIONSSICHERHEIT GGMBH","€2,403,125","Cryptology is a foundation of information security in the digital world. Today's internet is protected by a form of cryptography based on complexity theoretic hardness assumptions.  Ideally, they should be strong to ensure security and versatile to offer a wide range of functionalities and allow efficient implementations.  However, these assumptions are largely untested and internet security could be built on sand.The main ambition of Almacrypt is to remedy this issue by challenging the assumpti",{"id":47,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":48,"piName":10,"institution":49,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":50,"abstract":51},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695256","Diversity and Performance: Networks of Cognition in Markets and Teams","UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK","€2,492,033","Contemporary organizations face three interrelated, but analytically distinguishable, challenges. First, they should be alert to mistakes that could be catastrophic. Second, they need to allocate attention, especially to correct past mistakes and to make accurate predictions about future developments. Third, they should be innovative, able to stand out from existing categories while being recognized as outstanding. This project investigates these cognitive challenges with the aim of developing a",{"id":53,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":54,"piName":10,"institution":55,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":57,"abstract":58},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692981","Light effected autonomous molecular pumps: Towards active transporters and actuating materials","ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - UNIVERSITA DI BOLOGNA","IT","€2,362,950","The crucial role played by molecular motors in major biological processes gives a clue on the potential of these nanoscale devices for technology. Their exploitation depends on our ability to build working and robust artificial systems, and to interface them with their environment or other molecular constructs for using the motion to carry out tasks.The goal of this project is to develop the first synthetic photochemical supramolecular pumps and to apply them for performing nanoscale transport f",{"id":60,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":61,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":62,"abstract":63},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695481","Resolving Morpho-Phonological Alternation: Historical, Neurolinguistic, and Computational Approaches","€2,605,261","In morpho-phonological alternations the shapes of morphemes differ between morphologically related word forms. In these alternations the morphological environment is also implicated (revére ~ réverence verb [iː] ~ noun [ɛ] and stress differ) unlike alternations which are conditioned only by the phonological environment.The opaque phonological relationship between morphologically related forms has been a long-standing challenge in theoretical, historical, psycho- and neuro-linguistics, and comput",{"id":65,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":66,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":67,"abstract":68},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669190","Music and Late Medieval European Court Cultures: Towards a Trans-Disciplinary and Post-National Cultural Poetics of the Performative Arts","€2,186,400","Late medieval European court cultures have traditionally been studied from a mono-disciplinary and national(ist) perspective. This focus has obscured much of the interplay of cultural performances that informed “courtly life”. Recent research has begun to reverse this, focusing on issues such as the tensions between orality, writing, and performance; the sociocultural dimensions of making and owning manuscripts (musical and otherwise); the interstices between musical, literary and visual texts a",{"id":70,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":71,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":72,"abstract":73},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694986","Divergent modes of ritual, social cohesion, prosociality, and conflict.","€2,499,980","The project aims to establish an authoritative scientific framework for understanding the relationship between group ritual, social cohesion, and pro-group behaviour. Rituals have shaped human societies for millennia, but the exact social consequences of rituals are poorly understood. The proposed research will identify the fundamental components of rituals worldwide and chart their effects on patterns of group alignment and action. Doing so will have a lasting impact on basic understandings of ",{"id":75,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":76,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":77},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695045","Respiratory Disease Screening with Dark-Field Computed Tomography","The grand goal of this proposal is to translate a recently explored and fundamentally different x-ray contrast mechanism, namely x-ray dark-field imaging, from present in-vivo small-animal proof-of-principle studies to a first clinical dark-field computed tomography (CT) prototype for future human diagnostics. Complementing this main technological development goal, we will explore the potential future clinical diagnostic application range of this technology by systematically screening multiple s",{"id":79,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":80,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":81,"abstract":82},"cordis-european-research-council-award-691672","Algorithmic Performance Guarantees: Foundations and Applications","€2,404,250","Optimization problems are ubiquitous in computer science. Almost every problem involves the optimization of some objective function. However a major part of these problems cannot be solved to optimality. Therefore, algorithms that achieve provably good performance guarantees are of immense importance. Considerable progress has already been made, but great challenges remain: Some fundamental problems are not well understood. Moreover, for central problems arising in new applications, no solutions",{"id":84,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":85,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":86},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694410","Amorphous and Evolutionary DNA Nanotechnology","Amorphous and evolutionary DNA nanotechnology (AEDNA) explores novel conceptual directions and applications for DNA nanotechnology, which are based on intelligent, DNA-programmed soft hybrid materials, and the utilization of evolutionary principles for the optimization of nucleic acid nanocomponents.Amorphous DNA nanotechnology first aims at the creation of cell-sized, DNA-programmed microgels – DNA cells – with sensor, computation, communication, and actuator functions. Interacting DNA cells wi",{"id":88,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":89,"piName":10,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":91},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693021","NMDA receptor diversity: from molecular dynamics to synaptic physiopathology","€2,500,000","NMDA receptors (NMDARs) have long fascinated neuroscientists with their distinct biophysical properties and critical roles in neuronal communication and plasticity. Recent studies have revealed that these glutamate-gated ion channels are more complex than initially thought, undergoing tight subunit-specific regulation by an array of endogenous modulators and existing as multiple subtypes, each with its own anatomical, functional and signaling properties. Such complexity raises key questions rega",{"id":93,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":94,"piName":10,"institution":95,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":96},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694717","Bile acid, immune-metabolism, lipid and glucose homeostasis","UNIVERSITE DE LILLE","The role of chronic inflammation in obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular diseases is increasingly recognized. Bile acids (BA), synthesized in the liver and modified by the gut flora, facilitate lipid absorption in the intestine. BA modulate lipid and glucose homeostasis by activating the nuclear receptor FXR and the GPCR TGR5. Intriguingly, peripheral BA concentrations are elevated in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and FXR mediates the beneficial metabolic response to gastric bypass in mice. The immune ",{"id":98,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":99,"piName":10,"institution":100,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":101,"abstract":102},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695295","TOWARDS A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF EXTRACELLULAR SCAFFOLDING AT THE SYNAPSE","UNIVERSITE LYON 1 CLAUDE BERNARD","€2,492,750","Synaptic scaffolding molecules control the localization and the abundance of neurotransmitter receptors at the synapse, a key parameter to shape synaptic transfer function. Most characterized synaptic scaffolds are intracellular, yet a growing number of secreted proteins appear to organize the synapse from the outside of the cell. We recently demonstrated in C. elegans that an evolutionarily conserved protein secreted by motoneurons specifies the excitatory versus inhibitory identity of the post",{"id":104,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":105,"piName":10,"institution":106,"country":107,"year":13,"amount":108,"abstract":109},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669941","Nano Voltage Sensors","BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY","IL","€3,497,553","To understand how the brain works, tools need to be developed that will allow neuroscientists to investigate how interactions between individual neurons lead to emergent networks. Towards this goal, we will develop targetable voltage sensing nanorods that self-insert into the cell membrane and optically and non-invasively record action potentials at the single particle and nanoscale level, at multiple sites and across a large field-of-view. In semiconductors, absorption and emission band edges a",{"id":111,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":112,"piName":10,"institution":113,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":114,"abstract":115},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692943","All-optical brain-to-brain behaviour and information transfer","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE","€2,370,250","Exchange of information between different brains usually takes place through the interaction between bodies and the external environment. The ultimate goal of this project is to establish a novel paradigm of brain-to-brain communication based on direct full-optical recording and controlled stimulation of neuronal activity in different subjects. To pursue this challenging objective, we propose to develop optical technologies well beyond the state of the art for simultaneous neuronal “reading” and",{"id":117,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":118,"piName":10,"institution":119,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":120},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694732","Narrative Ordering and Explanation in the Sciences: Historical Investigations and Perspectives","LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE","The aim of this project is to understand the role of narrative in modern science. Narratives have appeared in many places in the human, social and natural sciences over the past two centuries. They can be found both in accounts of real situations and in simulations of virtual situations, in empirical work and in theorizing. It is clear that narratives have played important roles for scientists well beyond the simple act of reporting. Yet we lack an account of what kinds of thing scientists know ",{"id":122,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":123,"piName":10,"institution":119,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":124},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695524","INDIVIDUAL ACTION THROUGH SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS: THE CASE OF POVERTY","There is arguably a lack of research on organizations with social goals in management. For anextreme case, i.e., of poverty, Prahalad (2006) described compelling examples of innovativeorganizations in South Asia, which he suggested served the poor. However, very little is knownabout: 1) What factors ‘cause’ social organizations, for instance, in settings of extreme poverty, togrow and scale up ‘successfully,’ and how and why?, and 2) What organizational factors influence‘social performance’ for ",{"id":126,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":127,"piName":10,"institution":128,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":129,"abstract":130},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692925","Non Uniform Hyperbolicity in Global Dynamics","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€1,229,255","An important part of differentiable dynamics has been developed from the uniformly hyperbolic systems. These systems have been introduced by Smale in the 60's in order to address chaotic behavior and are now deeply understood from the qualitative, symbolic and statistic viewpoints. They correspond to the structurally stable dynamics. It appeared that large classes of non-hyperbolic systems also exist. Since the 80's, different notions of relaxed hyperbolicity have been introduced: non-uniformly ",{"id":132,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":133,"piName":10,"institution":128,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":134,"abstract":135},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694768","Elucidating the Role of Clouds-Circulation Coupling in Climate","€3,013,334","This proposal focuses on two of climate science’s most fundamental questions: How sensitive is Earth's surface temperature to radiative forcing? and What governs the organization of the atmosphere into rain bands, cloud clusters and storms? These seemingly different questions are central to an ability to assess climate change on regional and global scales, and are in large part tied to a single and critical gap in our knowledge: A poor understanding of how clouds and atmospheric circulations int",{"id":137,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":138,"piName":10,"institution":128,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":139},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695351","From Chemical Bond Forces and Breakage to Macroscopic Fracture of Soft Materials","Soft materials are irreplaceable in engineering applications where large reversible deformations are needed, and in life sciences to mimic ever more closely or replace a variety of living tissues. While mechanical strength may not be essential for all applications, excessive brittleness is a strong limitation. Yet predicting if a soft material will be tough or brittle from its molecular composition or structure relies on empirical concepts due to the lack of proper tools to detect the damage occ",{"id":141,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":142,"piName":10,"institution":128,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":143,"abstract":144},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694819","EXPERIMENTAL CONSTRAINTS ON THE ISOTOPE SIGNATURES OF THE EARLY SOLAR SYSTEM","€3,106,625","This project aims at simulating the processes that took place in the early Solar System to determine how these processes shaped the chemical and isotope compositions of solids that accreted to ultimately form terrestrial planets. Planetary materials exhibit mass dependent and mass independent isotope signatures and their origin and relationships are not fully understood. This proposal will be based on new experiments reproducing the conditions of the solar nebula in its first few million years a",{"id":146,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":147,"piName":10,"institution":128,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":148},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694159","Magnetism and Optics for Nanoparticle Catalysis","MONACAT proposes a novel approach to address the challenge of intermittent energy storage. Specifically, the purpose is to conceive and synthesize novel complex nano-objects displaying both physical and chemical properties that enable catalytic transformations with a fast and optimum energy conversion. It follows over 20 years of research on “organometallic nanoparticles”, an approach of nanoparticles (NPs) synthesis where the first goal is to control the surface of the particles as in molecular",{"id":150,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":151,"piName":10,"institution":128,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":152,"abstract":153},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670787","Planetary diversity: the experimental terapascal perspective","€3,498,938","The discovery of extra-solar planets orbiting other stars has been one of the major breakthroughs in astronomy of the past decades. Exoplanets are common objects in the universe and planetary systems seem to be more diverse than originally predicted. The use of radius-mass relationships has been generalized as a means for understanding exoplanets compositions, in combination with equations of state of main planetary components extrapolated to TeraPascal (TPa) pressures. In the most current descr",{"id":155,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":156,"piName":10,"institution":128,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":157},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669288","Gravity, Holography and The Standard Model","The main thrust of this proposal is to investigate implications of a recent correspondence (string theory (ST) vs. gauge theory) to the physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) and its coupling to gravity. Instead of relying on the string picture of the unification of all interactions with gravity, I propose to look at its dual version: 4d quantum fieldtheories (QFT). The different perspective is expected to provide 3 distinct results: (a) A QFT view of the SM embedding in string theory (b) Novel ",{"id":159,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":160,"piName":10,"institution":161,"country":162,"year":13,"amount":163,"abstract":164},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695099","A sub-percent distance scale from binaries and Cepheids","CENTRUM ASTRONOMICZNE IM. MIKOLAJA KOPERNIKA POLSKIEJ AKADEMII NAUK","PL","€2,360,500","We propose to carry out a project which will produce a decisive step towards improving the accuracy of the Hubble constant as determined from the Cepheid-SN Ia method to 1%, by using 28 extremely rare eclipsing binary systems in the LMC which offer the potential to determine their distances to 1%. To achieve this accuracy we will reduce the main error in the binary method by interferometric angular diameter measurements of a sample of red clump stars which resemble the stars in our binary system",{"id":166,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":167,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":170},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694101","Tuneable 2D Nanosheet Networks for Printed Electronics","THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN","IE","In the future, even the most mundane objects will contain electronic circuitry allowing them to gather, process, display and transmit information. The resulting vast network, often called the Internet of Things, will revolutionise society. To realise this will require the ability to produce electronic circuitry extremely cheaply, often on unconventional substrates. This will be achieved through printed electronics, by the assembly of devices from solution (i.e. ink) using methods adapted from pr",{"id":172,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":173,"piName":10,"institution":168,"country":169,"year":13,"amount":174,"abstract":175},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669461","North Atlantic Fisheries: An Environmental History, 1400-1700","€2,499,265","NorFish aims to understand the restructuring of the North Atlantic fisheries, fish markets and fishery-dependent communities in the late medieval and early modern world. The project exploits a multi-disciplinary, humanities-led approach to marine environmental history, assessing and synthesizing the dynamics and significance of the North Atlantic fish revolution, equipped by methodological advances in which the PI has been to the fore in delivering. It establishes a robust quantitative framework",{"id":177,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":178,"piName":10,"institution":179,"country":180,"year":13,"amount":181,"abstract":182},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695599","Novel niches for anaerobic methane oxidation and their biogeochemical sigificance","SYDDANSK UNIVERSITET","DK","€2,462,500","Motivated by a series of recent discoveries, NOVAMOX provides the first comprehensive biogeochemical and microbial ecological analysis of methane consumption in anoxic freshwater systems and oceanic oxygen minimum zones, environments where such processes to date were largely ignored. I propose that anaerobic microbial methane oxidation pathways are important sinks in for methane in these environments, thereby affecting methane emissions and the cycling of nitrogen, iron, and sulfur, as the cycli",{"id":184,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":185,"piName":10,"institution":179,"country":180,"year":13,"amount":186,"abstract":187},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669947","Benthic diagenesis and microbiology of hadal trenches","€3,185,000","With this project, called HADES, we aim to provide the first detailed, combined analysis of benthic diagenesis and microbial ecology of some of the deepest oceanic trenches on Earth. We argue that deep trenches, some of the most remote, extreme, and scantly explored habitats on Earth, are hotspots of deposition and mineralization of organic material. With the development of novel autonomous in situ instrumentation to overcome large sampling artifacts from decompression, we will i) determine rate",{"id":189,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":190,"piName":10,"institution":191,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":193,"abstract":194},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694272","Higher-dimensional topological solids realized with multiterminal superconducting junctions","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","NL","€1,522,810","Recently I revealed a deep operational analogy between an exotic material and an electronic device, i.e. between a 3-dimensional topological solid and a 4-terminal superconducting junction. Specifically, the 3d Weyl singularities revealed in the energy spectrum of this quantum device give rise to quantized trans-conductance in two leads that is typical for 2-dimensional topological Quantum Hall materials. The quantized value can be  tuned with the third control phase. I propose to capitalize on ",{"id":196,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":197,"piName":10,"institution":191,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":198,"abstract":199},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694633","Eliminating Oxygen Requirements in Yeasts","€2,498,150","Replacement of petrochemistry-based transport fuels and bulk chemicals by industrial biotechnology requires cost-efficient microbial processes, whose feedstock-to-product conversion efficiencies approach theoretical maxima. For many products, such high efficiencies require anaerobic processes and, consequently, industrial microorganisms capable of robust anaerobic growth. Yeasts are robust micro-organisms but, with the notable exception of Saccharomyces species, they share an important limitatio",{"id":201,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":202,"piName":10,"institution":203,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":204,"abstract":205},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694651","Charge orders, Magnetism and Pairings in High Temperature Superconductors","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","€1,318,145","For nearly thirty years, the search for a room-temperature superconductor has focused on exotic materials known as cuprates, obtained by doping a parent Mott insulator, and which can carry currents without losing energy as heat at temperatures up to 164 Kelvin. Conventionally three main players were identified as being crucial i) the Mott insulating phase, ii) the anti-ferromagnetic order and iii) the superconducting (SC) phase. Recently a body of experimental probes suggested the presence of a ",{"id":207,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":208,"piName":10,"institution":203,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":209},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695710","Neural mechanisms of learning in the infant brain : from Statistics to Rules and Symbols","Infant is the most powerful learner: He learns in a few months to master language, complex social interactions, etc. Powerful statistical algorithms, simultaneously acting at the different levels of functional hierarchies have been proposed to explain learning. I propose here that two other elements are crucial. The first is the particular human cerebral architecture that constrains statistical computations. The second is the human’s ability to access a rich symbolic system. I have planned 6 wor",{"id":211,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":212,"piName":10,"institution":213,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":214,"abstract":215},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694801","Building complex life through self-organization: from organ to organism","UNIVERSITEIT MAASTRICHT","€2,655,000","A major challenge in regenerative medicine is to create phenotypic functioning tissues by controlling cell behaviour. We particularly lack the ability to form complex tissues composed of multiple cell types and with three-dimensional architecture, which are defining features of most tissues. We know that cells are conferred with the ability to choreograph their own development through self-organization. I hypothesize that if we actively promote this intrinsic capacity with new cell culture platf",{"id":217,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":218,"piName":10,"institution":219,"country":107,"year":13,"amount":220,"abstract":221},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694426","Bio-Inspired Self-Assembled Supramolecular Organic Nanostructures","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€3,003,125","Peptide building blocks serve as very attractive bio-inspired elements in nanotechnology owing to their controlled self-assembly, inherent biocompatibility, chemical versatility, biological recognition abilities and facile synthesis. We have demonstrated the ability of remarkably simple aromatic peptides to form well-ordered nanostructures of exceptional physical properties. By taking inspiration from the minimal recognition modules used by nature to mediate coordinated processes of self-assembl",{"id":223,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":224,"piName":10,"institution":225,"country":226,"year":13,"amount":227,"abstract":228},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695727","Towards prevention, early diagnosis, and noninvasive treatment of uterine leiomyomas through molecular classification","HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO","FI","€2,499,099","Every fourth woman suffers from uterine leiomyomas (ULs) – benign tumors of the uterine smooth muscle wall - at some point in premenopausal life. ULs, also called myomas or fibroids, cause a substantial health burden through symptoms such as excessive uterine bleeding, abdominal pain and infertility. These tumors are the most common cause of hysterectomy. Considering the impact that ULs have to women’s health, they are severely understudied. Our breakthrough work has shed important new light on ",{"id":230,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":231,"piName":10,"institution":232,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":234,"abstract":235},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694354","CDK6 in transcription - turning a foe in a friend","VETERINAERMEDIZINISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN","AT","€2,497,520","Translational research aims at applying mechanistic understanding in the development of precision medicine, which depends on precise diagnostic tools and therapeutic approaches. Cancer therapy is experiencing a switch from non-specific, cytotoxic agents towards molecularly targeted and rationally designed compounds with the promise of greater efficacy and fewer side effects. The two cell-cycle kinases CDK4 and CDK6 normally facilitate cell-cycle progression but are abnormally activated in certai",{"id":237,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":238,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":240,"abstract":241},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692995","Bayesian Networks and Non-Rational Expectations","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON","€1,379,288","This project will develop a new framework for modeling economic agents having boundedly rational expectations (BRE). It is based on the concept of Bayesian networks (more generally, graphical models), borrowed from statistics and AI. In the framework's basic version, an agent is characterized by a directed acyclic graph (DAG) over the set of all relevant random variables. The DAG is the agent's type – it represents how he systematically distorts any objective probability distribution into a subj",{"id":243,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":244,"piName":10,"institution":245,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":246,"abstract":247},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670628","Saadian Intellectual and Cultural Life","COLLEGE DE FRANCE","€1,959,283","The aim of the interdisciplinary investigation project SICLE is to investigate in a completely new way the intellectual and cultural history of the Saadian period in Morocco (1554-1660), using primarily the Saadian sultans’ library, exceptionally preserved as a ‘time capsule’ in the El Escorial monastery following king Felipe III’s decision to include it in his own library. The period is a time of direct involvement of Morocco in international politics and exchanges, both in their East-West (wit",{"id":249,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":250,"piName":10,"institution":251,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":252,"abstract":253},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670035","Getting at the Heart of Things: Towards Expressivity-aware Computer Systems in Music","UNIVERSITAT LINZ","€2,318,750","What makes music so important, what can make a performance so special and stirring? It is the things the music expresses, the emotions it induces, the associations it evokes, the drama and characters it portrays. The sources of this expressivity are manifold: the music itself, its structure, orchestration, personal associations, social settings, but also – and very importantly – the act of performance, the interpretation and expressive intentions made explicit by the musicians through nuances in",{"id":255,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":256,"piName":10,"institution":257,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":258,"abstract":259},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695070","Microscale Processes Governing Global Sustainability","HERIOT-WATT UNIVERSITY","€2,810,198","Reactive transport modelling is a key tool in understanding the extremely complex interplay of flow, transport and reactions occurring over various temporal and spatial scales in the subsurface. The most difficult challenge in reactive transport is the capture of scale dependence, and upscaling reactive transport will ultimately only be successful if there is a detailed understanding of fundamental mechanisms at the pore level and the supporting data are available. State-of-the-art tools (e.g. X",{"id":261,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":262,"piName":10,"institution":263,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":264,"abstract":265},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694481","Global Change 2.0: Unlocking the past for a clearer future","THE UNIVERSITY OF READING","€2,497,563","The terrestrial biosphere responds rapidly and sensitively to climate change and is important in mediating physical and biogeochemical feedbacks to climate. There are still enormous uncertainties in our understanding of how the terrestrial biosphere will respond to changes in climate in the 21st century, and large uncertainties in predictions of the climate feedbacks. Many issues that limit our ability to predict the future of the terrestrial biosphere can be addressed by examining what happened",{"id":267,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":268,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":270,"abstract":271},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694822","Empirical evidence on the formation of habits, self-control and non-separabilities in food choices","INSTITUTE FOR FISCAL STUDIES","€994,772","The proposed research aims to improve our understanding of individual choices over which foods to purchase. The research aims to make fundamental contributions to models of choice and preference formation, and the outputs will inform the development of policy interventions that seek to improve nutritional outcomes. Our particular interest will be to better understand: (i) the importance of the foods available at home in childhood in influencing choices that young adults make over which foods to ",{"id":273,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":274,"piName":10,"institution":275,"country":276,"year":13,"amount":277,"abstract":278},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669582","Amygdala Circuits for Appetitive Conditioning","FRIEDRICH MIESCHER INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH FONDATION","CH","€2,497,200","The project outlined here addresses the fundamental question how the brain encodes and controls behavior. While we have a reasonable understanding of the role of entire brain areas in such processes, and of mechanisms at the molecular and synaptic levels, there is a big gap in our knowledge of how behavior is controlled at the level of defined neuronal circuits.In natural environments, chances for survival depend on learning about possible aversive and appetitive outcomes and on the appropriate ",{"id":280,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":281,"piName":10,"institution":282,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":283},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695517","Testing the locomotor superiority hypothesis for early dinosaurs","THE ROYAL VETERINARY COLLEGE","I seek to unify evolutionary and biomechanical research by achieving a “functional synthesis” in evolution that causally links phenotypes (anatomy) to actual performance. Did early, bipedal dinosaurs evolve advantages in their locomotor performance over other Late Triassic archosaurs (“ruling reptiles”)? This “locomotor superiority” hypothesis was first proposed to explain what made dinosaurs distinct from other Triassic taxa, perhaps aiding their survival into the Jurassic. However, the hypothe",{"id":285,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":286,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":287,"abstract":288},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695709","The origins of dendritic computation within mammalian neural circuits","€2,495,563","This proposal aims to address a simple question: what is the fundamental unit of computation in the brain? Answering this question is crucial not only for understanding how the brain works, but also if we are to build accurate models of brain function, which require abstraction based on identification of the essential elements for carrying out computations relevant to behaviour. In this proposal, we will build on recent work demonstrating that dendrites are highly electrically excitable to test ",{"id":290,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":291,"piName":10,"institution":292,"country":276,"year":13,"amount":293,"abstract":294},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694798","Central integration of metabolic and hedonic cues in metabolic health","UNIVERSITE DE LAUSANNE","€2,499,714","During evolution the brain has selected glucose as a main source of metabolic energy. This has imposed homeostatic and behavioral constraints. First, the glycemic levels must be maintained at a minimum of ~5 mM to ensure constant energy supply to the brain. Second, a high reward value has to be attributed to glucose-containing foods to increase the motivation to obtain them. These homeostatic and hedonic regulations depend on glucose sensing cells and neuronal circuits in the central nervous sys",{"id":296,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":297,"piName":10,"institution":298,"country":299,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":300},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694160","polyValent mEsopoRous nanosystem for bone DIseases","UNIVERSIDAD COMPLUTENSE DE MADRID","ES","Finding simple solutions to complex problems has been a challenge for humankind for decades. VERDI aims at designing a multifunctional nanosystem to heal complex bone diseases. This is an engineering challenge that will be tackled through the use of building blocks designed on the basis of cutting-edge technology. These building blocks will be assembled into a versatile multifunctional nanosystem that can be adapted through slight variations for the treatment of three diseases of clinical releva",{"id":302,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":303,"piName":10,"institution":304,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":305,"abstract":306},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694578","Bacterial isoprene metabolism: a missing link in a key global biogeochemical cycle","UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA","€2,494,693","Isoprene is a very important climate-active biogenic volatile organic compound with both global warming and cooling effects. Globally, terrestrial plants emit huge amounts (~500-750 million tonnes) of isoprene per year. This is approximately the same quantity as methane released to the amosphere. Isoprene emissions are predicted to rise due to global warming and increased use of isoprene-emitting trees (oil palm, poplar) for biofuel production but almost nothing is known about its biogeochemical",{"id":308,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":309,"piName":10,"institution":310,"country":276,"year":13,"amount":311,"abstract":312},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695596","Molecular Basis of Toxoplasma gondii Encystation and Persistence","UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE","€2,297,606","Toxoplasma gondii is the most successful obligate intracellular parasites infecting virtually all warm-blooded animals. A infection initiates with the dissemination of the fast-replicating tachyzoites. At the onset of the immune response tachyzoites convert into slow-growing bradyzoites that form cysts in the central nervous system and in striated and heart muscles. Encystation ensures life-long persistence and poses a significant threat of reactivation during immunosuppression and can lead to e",{"id":314,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":315,"piName":10,"institution":316,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":317},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694722","Cognitive control in context: Neural, functional, and social mechanisms of metacontrol","UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN","Human behavior is commonly understood as emerging from a struggle between will and habit, i.e., between “intentional” processes driven by the current goal and “automatic” processes driven by available stimuli. This scenario suggests that it is mainly the goal-related processes that render behavior adaptive. Based on a novel theoretical framework (the Metacontrol State Model, combined with the Theory of Event Coding) that is motivated by recent behavioral and neuroscientific observations, I sugge",{"id":319,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":320,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":321,"abstract":322},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695558","Exploring new applications of amino acid covariation analysis in modelling proteins and their complexes","€2,433,679","As a result of the rapid development of next generation sequencing, we now have access to hundreds and often many thousands of sequences which belong to the same family. Such a large amount of sequence data for a particular protein family, along with recent developments in computational statistics, enables an entirely new kind of evolutionary analysis to be performed on sequences, where for the first time we can compute statistically significant networks of correlated mutations. The proposal des",{"id":324,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":325,"piName":10,"institution":326,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":327,"abstract":328},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694925","Low Temperature Glassy Systems","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA LA SAPIENZA","€1,760,000","Jamming of hard spheres is a new critical phenomenon whose exponents are different from those of the other known transitions. These exponents have been recently computed in a mean field approximation whose limits of validity are not known. Even if their values are in very good agreement with the ones obtained by accurate numerical simulations, the deep reasons for this success are not understood.Trampolining from these results I plan to develop a theory of the large scale properties of the free ",{"id":330,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":331,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":332,"abstract":333},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695300","Human Capital Accumulation in Developing Countries: Mechanisms, Constraints and Policies","€1,781,278","We propose to study the process of human capital accumulation during the early years of life in developing countries. The research is motivated by the importance of early years to human development, both because of the long run consequences of events during that period and because of high malleability across key developmental domains during that period, making it particularly salient for policy interventions. The research is organized into three parts. First, we need to understand the process of",{"id":335,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":336,"piName":10,"institution":337,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":338,"abstract":339},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695621","Holomorphic Dynamics connecting Geometry, Root-Finding, Algebra, and the Mandelbrot set","UNIVERSITE D'AIX MARSEILLE","€2,312,481","Dynamical systems play an important role all over science, from celestial mechanics, evolution biology and economics to mathematics. Specifically holomorphic dynamics has been credited as “straddling the traditional borders between pure and applied mathematics”. Activities of numerous top-level mathematicians, including Fields medalists and Abel laureates, demonstrate the attractivity of holomorphic dynamics as an active and challenging research field.We propose to work on a research project bas",{"id":341,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":342,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":344,"abstract":345},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695646","Rules of self-organization and reengineering of liver tissue","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€2,498,013","We want to understand the rules of self-organization underlying tissue structure and function. To address this problem, we have chosen the mouse liver with its complex apico-basal polarity of hepatocytes and its unique 3D tissue organization. We aim at identifying the rules of self-organization of liver tissue and their implementation at the molecular level. Our ultimate goal is to demonstrate that it is possible to reengineer liver tissue structure. The first aim will be to develop a digital ge",{"id":347,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":348,"piName":10,"institution":349,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":350,"abstract":351},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694992","Role of autonomous B cell receptor signalling and external antigen in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL)","UNIVERSITAET ULM","€2,256,250","The proposed project aims at investigating the molecular mechanisms that activate B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signalling in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). While it is widely accepted that the unbroken BCR expression in CLL cells is indicative for a key role in disease development, the mechanisms that induce BCR activation and survival of malignant cells are still elusive. Using a unique reconstitution system, we have recently shown that CLL-derived BCRs possess the exceptional capacity f",{"id":353,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":354,"piName":10,"institution":355,"country":226,"year":13,"amount":356,"abstract":357},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693045","ACTIVE AGEING – RESILIENCE AND EXTERNAL SUPPORT AS MODIFIERS OF THE DISABLEMENT OUTCOME","JYVASKYLAN YLIOPISTO","€2,044,364","The goals are 1. To develop a scale assessing the diversity of active ageing with four dimensions that are ability (what people can do), activity (what people do do), ambition (what are the valued activities that people want to do), and autonomy (how satisfied people are with the opportunity to do valued activities); 2. To examine health and physical and psychological functioning as the determinants and social and build environment, resilience and personal skills as modifiers of active ageing; 3",{"id":359,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":360,"piName":10,"institution":361,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":362,"abstract":363},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669217","Markets and their limits","FONDATION JEAN JACQUES LAFFONT,TOULOUSE SCIENCES ECONOMIQUES","€2,096,500","This project aims at investigating new frontiers in the regulation of individuals, firms and the state. It will build on traditional tools, game theory, information economics and mechanism design, further these tools and apply them to a wide range of important economic issues. It will be organized around five topics:- Morality and markets. The goal is to organize the disparate evidence from economics and psychology on how moral behavior is generated, to provide a coherent framework on how to thi",{"id":365,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":366,"piName":10,"institution":367,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":368,"abstract":369},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695225","Evolutionary genetics of guppy sex chromosomes","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","€1,550,235","I propose an integrated programme of molecular genetic studies to fill fundamental gaps in our knowledge of sex chromosome evolution. Specifically, I will use a fish, the guppy (Poecilia reticulata), to test the sexual antagonism (SA) hypothesis of sex chromosome evolution, which is plausible, but lacks direct evidence. SA mutations (that benefit one sex but lower fitness of the other) are proposed to arise in a partially sex-linked (pseudo-autosomal region, or PAR) gene, and establish polymorph",{"id":371,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":372,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":374,"abstract":375},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695671","Star formation quenching and feedback in galaxies throughout the cosmic epochs","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€2,484,531","Throughout the whole life of the universe only 4% of the baryons have beenconverted into stars, implying that some physical processes must be responsiblefor suppressing star formation in galaxies. Within this context, one of themost hotly debated open questions is the identification of the processresponsible for quenching star formation in galaxies and transforming them into passive and quiescent (gas poor) systems. Theories of galaxyformation have proposed various possible mechanisms, such as: ",{"id":377,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":378,"piName":10,"institution":379,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":380},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695714","The role of immune cells in Alzheimer's disease","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI VERONA","Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia affecting more than 35 million people worldwide and its prevalence is projected to nearly double every 20 years with tremendous social and economical impact on the society. There is no cure for Alzheimer's disease and current drugs only temporarily improve disease symptoms. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a progressive deterioration of cognitive functions, and the neuropathological features include amyloid beta deposition, aggregate",{"id":382,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":383,"piName":10,"institution":384,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":385},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693174","Data-Driven Genomic Computing","POLITECNICO DI MILANO","Next-generation sequencing technology has dramatically reduced the cost and time of reading the DNA. Huge investments are targeted to sequencing the DNA of large populations, and repositories of well-curated sequence data are being collected. Answers to fundamental biomedical problems are hidden in these data, e.g. how cancer arises, how driving mutations occur, how much cancer is dependent on environment. But genomic computing has not comparatively evolved. Bioinformatics has been driven by spe",{"id":387,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":388,"piName":10,"institution":389,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":390,"abstract":391},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694386","Proton conduction in structured water","STICHTING NEDERLANDSE WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK INSTITUTEN","€2,495,000","In recent years water near surfaces and solutes has been observed to be differently structured andto show slower reorientation and hydrogen-bond dynamics than in bulk. Aqueous proton transfer isa process that strongly relies on the structure and dynamics of the hydrogen-bond network of liquidwater and that often occurs near surfaces. Examples are thylakoid and mitochondrial membranes andthe nanochannels of transmembrane proteins and fuel cells. An important but experimentally largelyunexplored a",{"id":393,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":394,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":395},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669879","New players in human BAT differentiation and activation: a human PSC-derived BAT approach combined with state of the art genome engineering and –omics based methodologies","Here we propose a strategy to control body weight and prevent\u002Freverse obesity based on targeting brown adipose tissue (BAT) to facilitate negative energy balance and prevent adaptive responses to dietary restriction. However, BAT in humans is limited and poorly characterised. Thus, we propose to use stem cells as a tool to gain unique insights into the biology of human brown adipocytes. The General Objective is to identify pathways and factors of potential therapeutic relevance that promote BAT ",{"id":397,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":398,"piName":10,"institution":399,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":400},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670876","Multilingual locals, significant geographies: a new approach to world literature","SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES ROYAL CHARTER","“World literature is literature that circulates globally. It is mostly in English. Its main genre is the novel.” These are caricatures of how World literature as a set of discourses is shaping the field of literary studies, but in fact Non-Western literatures are positioned with reference to a single global timeline and a single map, and translations supposedly ensure that worthy texts enter the global canon. What does not circulate globally is provincial, not good enough, not “world literature”",{"id":402,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":403,"piName":10,"institution":404,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":405,"abstract":406},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669628","Reactions That Translate mRNA into Drug-like Molecules","HUMBOLDT-UNIVERSITAET ZU BERLIN","€2,470,400","How could a molecular cancer therapy look like in 2040? In cancer, gene expression is deregulated due to amplification, mutation and translocation of genes. Next generation RNA sequencing provides us with the opportunity to identify the number and identity of the gene products aberrantly expressed in a patient. But do we have methods that take advantage of the personalized sequence data? In this research project we propose the idea to use the RNA molecules expressed upon disease-type gene expres",{"id":408,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":409,"piName":10,"institution":410,"country":299,"year":13,"amount":411,"abstract":412},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694126","Dynamic Control and Numerics of Partial Differential Equations","FUNDACION DEUSTO-DEUSTU FUNDAZIOA","€2,065,125","This project aims at making a breakthrough contribution in the broad area of Control of Partial Differential Equations (PDE) and their numerical approximation methods by addressing key unsolved issues appearing systematically in real-life applications. To this end, we pursue three objectives: 1) to contribute with new key theoretical methods and results, 2) to develop the corresponding numerical tools, and 3) to build up new computational software, the DYCON-COMP computational platform, thereby ",{"id":414,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":415,"piName":10,"institution":416,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":417},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669054","Boron-boron multiple bonding","JULIUS-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAT WURZBURG","Multiple bonding between atoms is immensely important to chemistry, biology, physics and their associated industries; multiple bonds are both ubiquitous in everyday products and extremely useful functionalities for effecting chemical transformations. While very common with the elements carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, multiple bonding is in comparison extremely rare with other elements. Multiple bonding between heavier elements of the main group of the periodic table becomes less favourable the heav",{"id":419,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":420,"piName":10,"institution":421,"country":180,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":422},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695528","Making Sense of Games:  A Methodology for Humanistic Game Analysis","IT-UNIVERSITETET I KOBENHAVN","Making Sense of Games (MSG) will build a methodology for the humanistic study of games, and develop a theory of how ludic meaning is produced. Following the pervasive, global growth of video gaming culture and the games industry, the multi-disciplinary field of game studies has grown exponentially in the last 15 years, with numerous new journals, conferences, university programs and research departments. However, still lacking at this ‘adolescent’ stage of the field’s development are game-specif",{"id":424,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":425,"piName":10,"institution":426,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":428,"abstract":429},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694452","Flow physics and interaction of laminar-turbulent transition and flow separation studied by direct numerical simulations","KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLAN","SE","€2,097,520","The vision spelled out in this proposal is to overcome the failure of Computational Fluid Dynamics to tackle one of the central unsolved fluid physics problems, namely predicting the sensitive flow physics associated with laminar-turbulent transition and flow separation. A recent, highly influential report by NASA (Slotnick et al., 2014) clearly states that the major shortcoming of CFD is its “… inability to accurately and reliably predict turbulent flows with significant regions of separation”,",{"id":431,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":432,"piName":10,"institution":433,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":434,"abstract":435},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695136","Cellular diversity and stress-induced cell-state switches in the mammalian hypothalamus","MEDIZINISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN","€2,422,698","The hypothalamus is an essential interface among neuroendocrine, autonomic and somatomotor systems, allowing dynamic bodily adaptations to environmental cues via the orchestration of complex physiological processes. Hypothalamic nuclei exhibit unprecedented molecular, structural and functional diversity of neurons, reflecting the breadth of neuroendocrine output. To date, a significant portion of hypothalamic neurons remains unaccounted for given the lack of identity markers. For known hypothala",{"id":437,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":438,"piName":10,"institution":439,"country":276,"year":13,"amount":440,"abstract":441},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694407","MAchine for Time Reversal and Immersive wave eXperimentation","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","€3,498,330","There is a need for a radically new laboratory experimental approach for studying the interaction of seismic waves with the complex media of the Earth’s subsurface. We present here a fundamental new approach to seismic wave experimentation that involves fully immersing a physical seismic experiment within a virtual numerical environment. This enormously challenging endeavour, which is relevant to many outstanding issues in seismology, has not been previously attempted. By continuously varying th",{"id":443,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":444,"piName":10,"institution":445,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":446,"abstract":447},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692511","Cell-specific vascular protection by CXCL12\u002FCXCR4","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€2,498,250","Cardiovascular disease including coronary heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Atherosclerosis as the underlying pathology is a lipid-driven inflammatory disease of arteries giving rise to vulnerable lesions prone to rupture and thrombotic occlusion. Lesions develop at predilection sites with disturbed flow, where endothelial damage promotes intimal retention of lipoproteins and inflammatory leukocyte recruitment. Past research has largely focused on atherogenic factors an",{"id":449,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":450,"piName":10,"institution":451,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":452,"abstract":453},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695376","Targeting oxidative repair proteins for treatment of cancer and inflammation","KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET","€2,279,406","Oxidative damage and defects in DNA repair are frequently underlying many diseases, e.g., cancer, autoimmune diseases, ischemia\u002Freperfusion injury, neurodegenerative disorders, viral diseases and ageing. Although some molecular understanding into oxidative DNA lesions and repair proteins exist, a thorough understanding on the link to diseases is largely missing, and therapies exploiting oxidative DNA damage and repair have not emerged. Here, we will study mechanisms of nucleotide metabolism and ",{"id":455,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":456,"piName":10,"institution":457,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":458,"abstract":459},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695677","The Proton Size Puzzle: Testing QED at Extreme Wavelengths","STICHTING VU","€2,497,664","A key component of the Standard Model is Quantum Electrodynamics (QED). QED explains e.g. the anomalous magnetic moment of the electron and small energy shifts in the energy structure of atoms and molecules due to vacuum fluctuations. After decades of precision measurements, especially laser spectroscopy in atomic hydrogen, QED is considered the most successful and best-tested theory in physics. However, in 2010 precision spectroscopy in muonic-hydrogen (where the electron is replaced with a muo",{"id":461,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":462,"piName":10,"institution":225,"country":226,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":463},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694482","Crosslocations in the Mediterranean: rethinking the socio-cultural dynamics of relative positioning","The Mediterranean, a key socio-cultural, economic and political crossroads, has shifted its relative position recently, with profound effects for relations between the peoples associated with its diverse parts. Crosslocations is a groundbreaking theoretical approach that goes beyond current borders research to analyse the significance of the changes in relations between places and peoples that this involves. It does this through explaining shifts in the relative positioning of the Mediterranean’",{"id":465,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":466,"piName":10,"institution":467,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":468,"abstract":469},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695405","Experimental Searches for Oscillating and Transient effects from the Dark Sector","JOHANNES GUTENBERG-UNIVERSITAT MAINZ","€2,474,875","The objective of the proposed project is to pioneer a magnetometry-based experimental framework for the detection of time-varying signatures of the ‘dark sector’. This novel approach will enable systematic searches for particles contributing to the dark matter and for dark-energy components.The nature of dark matter and that of dark energy are among the central open problems in modern physics. There are only few experimental bounds and so far no conclusive observations of dark-sector particles o",{"id":471,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":472,"piName":10,"institution":275,"country":276,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":473},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692617","Control of Action Diversification  by Descending Motor Circuits Control of action diversification by descending motor circuits","Movement is the behavioral output of the nervous system. Animals carry out an enormous repertoire of distinct actions, spanning from seemingly simple repetitive tasks like walking to much more complex movements such as forelimb manipulation tasks. An important question is how neuronal circuits are organized and function to choose, maintain, adjust and terminate these many distinct motor behaviors. Recent technological advances in neuroscience have made it possible to begin to unravel the links b",{"id":475,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":476,"piName":10,"institution":477,"country":478,"year":13,"amount":479,"abstract":480},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694544","Open Many-body Non-Equilibrium Systems","UNIVERZA V LJUBLJANI","SI","€2,041,000","We shall study non-equilibrium many-body quantum systems, considering local interactions in one or two spatial dimensions in situations where the generator of time evolution in the bulk of the system is unitary whereas the incoherent processes are limited to the system's boundaries. We foresee a mathematical theory of dynamical quantum phases of matter with applications in the theory of quantum transport and nanoscale devices that manipulate heat, information, charge or magnetization. Our steady",{"id":482,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":483,"piName":10,"institution":484,"country":485,"year":13,"amount":486,"abstract":487},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695305","Post-Snowden Circuits and Design Methods for Security","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","BE","€2,369,250","Summary: Comprehensive set of circuits and design methods to create next generation electronic circuits with strong built-in trust and security.        Electronics are integrating\u002Finvading into the human environment at an amazing speed, called the Internet-of-Things and next the Internet-of-Everything.  This creates huge security problems. Distributed (e.g. body) sensors, pick up often very private data, which is sent digitally into the cloud, over wireless and wired links. Protection of this da",{"id":489,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":490,"piName":10,"institution":491,"country":299,"year":13,"amount":492,"abstract":493},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692951","A New Strategy for Gravity and Black Holes","UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA","€2,138,825","General Relativity (GR) encompasses a huge variety of physical phenomena, from the collision of astrophysical black holes, to the dynamics (via holography) of strongly-coupled plasmas and the spontaneous symmetry-breaking in superconductors. Black holes play a central role in all this. However, their equations are exceedingly hard to solve. The apparent lack of a generic tunable parameter that allows to solve the theory perturbatively (like the electric coupling constant in electrodynamics, or t",{"id":495,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":496,"piName":10,"institution":497,"country":498,"year":13,"amount":499,"abstract":500},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695412","Evolving Language Ecosystems","CESKE VYSOKE UCENI TECHNICKE V PRAZE","CZ","€3,234,000","The ELE project will study the foundational principles of programming  language evolution and develop practical tools and technologies for supporting the evolution of complete ecosystems. If successful, ELE will drastically decrease the cost of evolution and avoid the need to invent completely new languages every time there is a shift in hardware trends orin programming methodology. Instead, ELE will allow evolution of languages  and will support migration of code and knowledge bases.  The proje",{"id":502,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":503,"piName":10,"institution":445,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":504,"abstract":505},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694559","Developing Theatre: Building Expert Networks for Theatre in Emerging Countries after 1945","€2,150,083","This research project proposes a fundamental re-examination of the historiography of theatre in emerging countries after 1945 . It investigates the institutional factors that led to the emergence of professional theatre in the post-war period throughout the decolonizing world. The particular focus will be on the massive involvement of internationally coordinated ‘development’ and ‘modernization’ programs both East and West. The project will introduce the concepts of epistemic community, expert n",{"id":507,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":508,"piName":10,"institution":509,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":510,"abstract":511},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694583","The Political Economy of Power Relations","UNIVERSITA COMMERCIALE LUIGI BOCCONI","€1,540,625","Political economists want to understand conflict, electoral competition, special interest politics, regimes and institutional choices, and in all these subfields the term power appears frequently: power of countries, power of ethnic groups, power of interest groups, power of parties, power of the bureaucracy.Power is multidimensional and endogenous, and hence the standard theoretical and empirical analysis that takes a unified notion of power as an independent variable has led to wrong direction",{"id":513,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":514,"piName":10,"institution":515,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":516,"abstract":517},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694307","The ER located master regulation of endosomal positioning and further movements","ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS LEIDEN","€2,383,625","The endo-lysosomal system is critical to diverse processes, including protein homeostasis, signaling and antigen presentation. The vesicular compartment is organized as a collective unit wherein the bulk of endosomes derived from disparate origins resides in a cloud in the perinuclear region and extends outwards to include quickly moving vesicles in the periphery. At this busy intersection between the endocytic and biosynthetic pathways, lies the late endosomal compartment, responsible for prote",{"id":519,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":520,"piName":10,"institution":521,"country":299,"year":13,"amount":522,"abstract":523},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695446","A GLOBAL MOVEMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE: The EJAtlas","UNIVERSITAT AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA","€1,910,811","The Environmental Justice Atlas (www.ejatlas.org) is a global database built by us, drawing on activist and academic knowledge. It maps 1500 conflicts. To improve geographical and thematic coverage it will grow to 3000 by 2019. It systematizes conflicts across 100+ fields documenting the commodities at stake, the actors involved, impacts, forms of mobilizations and outcomes allowing analyses that will lead to a general theory of ecological distribution conflicts. We shall research the links betw",{"id":525,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":526,"piName":10,"institution":527,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":528},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695437","Time Resolved THz Calorimetry explores Molecular Recognition Processes","RUHR-UNIVERSITAET BOCHUM","Time-resolved THz-Calorimetry Explores Molecular Recognition ProcessesDefinition: “THz-calorimetry is the science of measuring low frequency density of states kinetics for the purpose of deriving the entropy changes associated with biological processes in real time.”Goal: Our scientific vision is to introduce time-resolved “THz-Calorimetry” to access the entropy changes of the protein and the solvent accompanying enzymatic reactions or more general molecular recognition processes, i.e. under non",{"id":530,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":531,"piName":10,"institution":532,"country":107,"year":13,"amount":533,"abstract":534},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692854","High Dimensional Expanders, Ramanujan Complexes and Codes","THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM","€1,592,500","Expander graphs have been playing a fundamental role in many areas of computer science. During the last 15 years they have also found important and unexpected applications in pure mathematics. The goal of the current research is to develop systematically high-dimensional (HD) theory of expanders, i.e., simplicial complexes and hypergraphs which resemble in dimension d, the role of expander graphs for d = 1. There are several motivations for developing such a theory, some from pure mathematics an",{"id":536,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":537,"piName":10,"institution":538,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":539},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695013","Prenylated-flavins: Application and Biochemistry","THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","Our group has recently discovered a new type of cofactor: a prenylated-flavin that has azomethine ylide properties. This cofactor is an integral part of the widespread  ubiD\u002FubiX system. The latter is implicated in the non-oxidative reversible decarboxylation of aromatic substrates, and plays a pivotal role in bacterial ubiquinone biosynthesis or microbial biodegradation of aromatic compounds. We established UbiX acts as a novel flavin prenyltransferase, linking a dimethylallyl moiety to the fla",{"id":541,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":542,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":543},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694105","Monumental Art of the Christian and Early Islamic East: Cultural Identities and Classical Heritage","This project will analyse the monumental art (large decorative programmes on buildings) of two areas of the former eastern Roman Empire which came under Islamic rule but which have never been the subject of an integrated comprehensive study: Egypt and Syro-Palestine (modern Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Israel\u002FPalestine). It aims to determine systematically how the strength and nature of the local ‘classical’ (Greco-Roman) traditions and expressions of identities influenced monumental art in these",{"id":545,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":546,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":547,"abstract":548},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694189","CEREBRAL ASYMMETRY: NEW DIRECTIONS IN CORRELATES AND ETIOLOGY","€2,497,907","150 years after Broca's seminal statement Nous parlons avec l'hémisphère gauche we still do not know how or why we have this bias. I propose that by studying cases of impaired language development and combining genetic and neuropsychological approaches we will be able to make a leap forward in our understanding of the quintessentially human characteristic of functional cerebral asymmetry. I argue that contradictory findings in the literature may be reconciled if we adopt a novel approach to cere",{"id":550,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":551,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":552,"abstract":553},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695140","Adaptive Optical Microscopy Systems: Unifying theory, practice and applications","€3,234,789","Recent technological advances in optical microscopy have vastly broadened the possibilities for applications in the biomedical sciences. Fluorescence microscopy is the central tool for investigation of molecular structures and dynamics that take place in the cellular and tissue environment. Coupled with progress in labeling methods, these microscopes permit observation of biological structures and processes with unprecedented sensitivity and resolution. This work has been enabled by the engineer",{"id":555,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":556,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":557,"abstract":558},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694581","Perception Ultrasound by Learning Sonographic Experience","€2,462,015","PULSE will develop a new generation of ultrasound imaging capabilities to revolutionize the use of this low-cost and portable imaging technology across clinical medicine worldwide. The greatest barrier to the universal implementation of ultrasound (US) in clinical medicine today is the need to train sonographers to the highest level to ensure diagnostic images are of consistently high quality and fit for purpose. Unfortunately, the non-expert finds US images very difficult to interpret by eye al",{"id":560,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":561,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":562,"abstract":563},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695262","A Consolidated Library of Anglo-Saxon Poetry","€2,443,640","As elsewhere in Europe, Anglo-Saxon England saw a development from an oral, vernacular, native, and pagan culture to one that was primarily literate, Latinate, imported, and Christian; and such a transition is clearest in Anglo-Saxon verse. CLASP will focus on all surviving verse of Anglo-Saxon England, composed in Old English and Anglo-Latin over a period of over four centuries (c. 670–1100 CE), and produce for the first time an online and interactive consolidated library, marked up through TEI",{"id":565,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":566,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":567,"abstract":568},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693024","Large Scale Structure Constraints of General Relativity","€2,863,366","The past decade has witnessed a phenomenal success in relativistic cosmology. It is now possible to constrain the structure, content and evolution of the Universe with an accuracy of a few percent. The current focus of cosmology is to understand some of the fundamental problems in physics such as: the accelerated expansion of the universe, the nature of dark energy and dark matter and the initial conditions of large scale structure. Key to addressing these problems is ascertaining the role gener",{"id":570,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":571,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":572,"abstract":573},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695511","Elucidating natural bilayer lipid environments","€2,481,744","Excising a membrane protein from its natural environment, preserving the lipid bilayer, and characterising the lipids that surround it is the ‘holy grail’ of membrane protein biophysics.  However, with some 40,000 different lipid structures the challenges we face in understanding selective binding arise not just from the complexity and dynamics of the lipidome, but also from the transient nature of protein lipid interactions. To overcome these challenges we will take mass spectrometry (MS) into ",{"id":575,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":576,"piName":10,"institution":577,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":578,"abstract":579},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695054","Targeting hypothalamic inflammation in obesity and diabetes","HELMHOLTZ ZENTRUM MUENCHEN DEUTSCHES FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FUER GESUNDHEIT UND UMWELT GMBH","€2,402,280","Despite educational, political and biomedical research efforts, obesity, type 2 diabetes and related metabolic diseases are increasing worldwide at an alarming rate. Failure to deliver efficient and safe medical therapies is a result of our incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. Current knowledge implicates impaired CNS control over appetite, body weight and systemic metabolism as a key pathogenic process leading to obesity and type 2 diabetes. Yet, years of inte",{"id":581,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":582,"piName":10,"institution":583,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":584},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694665","Computational Brain Connectivity Mapping","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","One third of the burden of all the diseases in Europe is due to problems caused by diseases affecting brain. Although exceptional progress has been obtained for exploring it during the past decades, the brain is still terra-incognita and calls for specic research efforts to better understand its architecture and functioning.CoBCoM is our response to this great challenge of modern science with the overall goal to develop a joint Dynamical Structural-Functional Brain Connectivity Network (DSF-BCN)",{"id":586,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":587,"piName":10,"institution":588,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":589,"abstract":590},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695464","Unified Principles of Interaction","UNIVERSITE PARIS-SACLAY","€2,456,028","Most of today’s computer interfaces are based on principles and conceptual models created in the late seventies. They are designed for a single user interacting with a closed application on a single device with a predefined set of tools to manipulate a single type of content. But one is not enough! We need flexible and extensible environments where multiple users can truly share content and manipulate it simultaneously, where applications can be distributed across multiple devices, where content",{"id":592,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":593,"piName":10,"institution":583,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":594,"abstract":595},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694122","Computational Light fields IMaging","€2,461,086","Light fields technology holds great promises in computational imaging. Light fields cameras capture light rays as they interact with physical objects in the scene. The recorded flow of rays (the light field) yields a rich description of the scene enabling advanced image creation capabilities from a single capture. This technology is expected to bring disruptive changes in computational imaging. However, the trajectory to a deployment of light fields remains cumbersome. Bottlenecks need to be all",{"id":597,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":598,"piName":10,"institution":599,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":600,"abstract":601},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693683","Active Suspensions with Controlled Interaction Rules","UNIVERSITAT KONSTANZ","€2,036,750","Self-propelling, i.e., active colloidal particles constitute a novel class of non-equilibrium systems which exhibit structural and dynamical features similar to those in assemblies of bacteria or other motile organisms. Due to their reduced complexity, they provide an intriguing chance to understand the formation of dynamical structures in non-equilibrium systems in unprecedented detail. A central question in this rapidly growing field is, how interaction-rules determine the creation of e.g. swa",{"id":603,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":604,"piName":10,"institution":605,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":606},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693600","THE ARCHAEOLOGY OF REGIME CHANGE: SICILY IN TRANSITION","UNIVERSITY OF YORK","This project will throw new light on human experience during changes of political regime, selecting medieval Sicily as the primary area of study. Between the 6th century and the 13th century, this island experienced four radical changes in regime: from Byzantine to Aghlabid to Fatimid to Norman to Swabian. Potentially, each of these transitions saw new groups of migrants, new forms of agriculture and settlement, new networks of exchange, new distributions of wealth and new types of social contro",{"id":608,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":609,"piName":10,"institution":203,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":610,"abstract":611},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694596","CONTROLLING AND MEASURING RELATIVISTIC MOTION OF MATTER WITH ULTRAINTENSE STRUCTURED LIGHT","€2,250,000","Femtosecond lasers can now provide intensities such that the light field induces relativistic motion of large ensembles of electrons. The ultimate goal of this Ultra-High Intensity (UHI) Physics is the control of relativistic motion of matter with light, which requires a deep understanding of this extreme regime of laser-matter interaction. Such a control holds the promise of major scientific and societal applications, by providing ultra-compact laser-driven particle accelerators and attosecond ",{"id":613,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":614,"piName":10,"institution":615,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":616,"abstract":617},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694656","Roma Civic Emancipation Between The Two World Wars","THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS","€2,433,985","Over the past two decades the Roma issue has become one of the most current topics in European public space and also became especially relevant in academia. Despite of this there are still not researched topics, such as history of the Roma in the period between WWI and WWII, and the appearance and development of social and political projects proposed by Roma. The present proposal has the ambitious goal to fill in this gap. The departing point of the research is the circumstances that Roma are no",{"id":619,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":620,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":621,"abstract":622},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694779","A Neurocomputational Model of Episodic Memory","€2,429,964","Our memories define us, and their disruption in psychiatric and neurological conditions can be devastating. However, how we are able, e.g., to remember our wedding day and re-imagine the scene that was around us, remains one of the great mysteries of the human mind. NEUROMEM is an integrated experimental and computational attempt at a fundamental breakthrough in this problem. Building on recent insights into how environmental location and orientation is encoded by neurons in the mammalian brain,",{"id":624,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":625,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":626},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694767","Extreme Citizen Science: Analysis and Visualisation","The challenge of Extreme Citizen Science is to enable any community, regardless of literacy or education, to initiate, run, and use the result of a local citizen science activity, so they can be empowered to address and solve issues that concern them. Citizen Science is understood here as the participation of members of the public in a scientific project, from shaping the question, to collecting the data, analysing it and using the knowledge that emerges from it. Over the past 3 years, under the",{"id":628,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":629,"piName":10,"institution":630,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":631},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693030","The evolution of barriers to gene exchange","THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD","Speciation is a central process in evolution that involves the origin of barriers to gene flow between populations. Species are typically isolated by several barriers and assembly of multiple barriers separating the same populations seems to be critical to the evolution of strong reproductive isolation. Barriers resulting from direct selection can become coincident through a process of coupling while reinforcement can add barrier traits that are not under direct selection. In the presence of gen",{"id":633,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":634,"piName":10,"institution":635,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":636},"cordis-european-research-council-award-668998","From Open to Closed Loop Optimal Control of PDEs","UNIVERSITAET GRAZ","The proposal addresses some of the most pressing topics in optimal control of partial differential equations (PDEs): Non-smooth, non-convex optimal control and computational techniques for feedback control. These two topics will be applied to the large scale optimal control problems for the bidomain equations, which are the established model to describe the electrical activity of the heart. Due to their rich dynamical systems behavior these systems are particularly challenging.The use of non-smo",{"id":638,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":639,"piName":10,"institution":538,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":640,"abstract":641},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695638","Correlative tomography","€2,926,425","Proposal summary (half page)The vision is firstly, to develop correlative tomography to radically increase the nature and level of information (morphological, structural and chemical) that can be obtained for a 3D volume of interest (VoI) deep within a material or component by coupling non-destructive (3D+time) X-ray tomography with destructive (3D) electron tomography and, secondly to exploit this new approach to shed light on damage accumulation processes arising under demanding conditions. Su",{"id":643,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":644,"piName":10,"institution":439,"country":276,"year":13,"amount":645,"abstract":646},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694829","Microtechnology and integrated microsystems to investigate neuronal networks across scales","€3,495,000","To advance knowledge in electrophysiology and information processing of neuronal networks, we propose employing microtechnology and microelectronics to rigorously study neural networks in vitro across scales. Across scales pertains to the spatial domain - from details of subcellular components through single neurons to entire networks - and the temporal domain - from single action potentials to long-term developmental processes. Besides our CMOS-microelectronics-based high-density microelectrode",{"id":648,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":649,"piName":10,"institution":650,"country":485,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":651},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693630","Force nanoscopy of staphylococcal biofilms","UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN","Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of hospital-acquired infections, which are often complicated by the ability of this pathogen to grow as biofilms on indwelling medical devices. Because biofilms protect the bacteria from host defenses and are resistant to many antibiotics, biofilm-related infections are difficult to fight and represent a tremendous burden on our healthcare system. Today, a true molecular understanding of the fundamental interactions driving staphylococcal adhesion and bio",{"id":653,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":654,"piName":10,"institution":655,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":656},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694282","Functional Genomics of the Lysosome","FONDAZIONE TELETHON ETS","For a long time the lysosome has been viewed as a “static” organelle that performs “routine” work for the cell, mostly pertaining to degradation and recycling of cellular waste. My group has challenged this view and used a systems biology approach to discover that the lysosome is subject to a global transcriptional regulation, is able to adapt to environmental clues, and acts as a signalling hub to regulate cell homeostasis. Furthermore, an emerging role of the lysosome has been identified in ma",{"id":658,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":659,"piName":10,"institution":660,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":661,"abstract":662},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694228","C-H Acids for Organic Synthesis","MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FUER KOHLENFORSCHUNG","€2,007,500","Enantioselective Brønsted acid organocatalysis has the potential to revolutionize asymmetric synthesis. However, the commonly used chiral phosphoric acid catalysts are typically limited to certain, fairly reactive substrate classes such as imines. Recently, more active and stereoselective catalysts have been introduced, which rely on acidic N–H bonds, and which have significantly widened the scope of suitable substrates. Despite the considerable success of these catalysts, however, several impor",{"id":664,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":665,"piName":10,"institution":219,"country":107,"year":13,"amount":666,"abstract":667},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692616","Zero sets of random functions","€1,658,750","The proposed research is focused on zero sets of random functions. This is a rapidly growing area that lies at the crossroads of analysis, probability theory and mathematical physics. Various instances of zero sets of random functions have been used to model different phenomena in quantum chaos, complex analysis, real algebraic geometry, and theory of random point processes.The proposal consists of three parts. The first one deals with asymptotic topology of zero sets of smooth random functions ",{"id":669,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":670,"piName":10,"institution":671,"country":299,"year":13,"amount":672,"abstract":673},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669505","Coherent Structures in Wall-bounded Turbulence","UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID","€2,497,000","Turbulence is a multiscale phenomenon for which control efforts have often failed because the dimension of the attractor is large. However, kinetic energy and drag are controlled by relatively few slowly evolving large structures that sit on top of a multiscale cascade of smaller eddies. They are essentially single-scale phenomena whose evolution can be described using less information than for the full flow. In evolutionary terms they are punctuated ‘equilibria’ for which chaotic evolution is o",{"id":675,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":676,"piName":10,"institution":677,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":678,"abstract":679},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695662","Disagreements and Language Interpretation","QUEEN MARY UNIVERSITY OF LONDON","€2,499,471","Natural language expressions are supposed to be unambiguous in context. Yet more and more examples of use of expressions that are ambiguous in context, yet felicitous and rhetorically unmarked, are emerging. In my own work, I demonstrated that ambiguity in anaphoric reference is ubiquitous, through the study of disagreements in annotation, that I pioneered in CL. Since then, additional cases of ambiguous anaphoric reference have been found; and similar findings have been made for other aspects o",{"id":681,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":682,"piName":10,"institution":683,"country":299,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":684},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695107","Urban dynamics: learning from integrated models and big data","FUNDACION CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS MONETARIOS Y FINANCIEROS","City growth is driven by a combination of systematic determinants and shocks. Random growth models predict realistic city size distributions but ignore, for instance, the strong empirical association between human capital and city growth. Models with systematic determinants predict degenerate size distributions. We will develop an integrated model that combines systematic and random determinants to explain the link between human capital, entrepreneurship and growth, while generating relevant cit",{"id":686,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":687,"piName":10,"institution":509,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":688,"abstract":689},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694882","Aspirations Social Norms and Development","€1,618,125","Development economists and policymakers often face scenarios in which poor people do not make choices that would help them get out of poverty due to an “aspiration failure”: the poor perceive certain goals as unattainable and do not invest towards those goals, thus perpetuating their own state of poverty. The aim of this proposal is to improve our understanding of the relationship between aspirations and socio-economic outcomes of disadvantaged individuals, in order to answer the question: Can w",{"id":691,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":692,"piName":10,"institution":693,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":694,"abstract":695},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692659","Mitochondrial DNA degradation and sterile inflammation in the heart","KING'S COLLEGE LONDON","€2,499,817","Heart failure is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries including EU. Novel and efficient therapeutics to treat patient with heart failure have to be developed. Mitochondria are subcellular organelles that produce energy and dynamic organelles that fuse and divide. Dysregulated mitochondrial activity results in generation of free radicals which cause damage to cellular components. We reported that mitochondrial quality control by autophagy is essential for normal car",{"id":697,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":698,"piName":10,"institution":538,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":699},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694745","Discovering Fast Transients and Pulsars with MeerKAT for Cosmology and to Test the Laws of Gravity","Short duration bursts of cosmic radio emission provide us with a potent tool for studying the extremes of physics. In the form of periodic pulses from pulsars they can be used as precision instruments to test theories of gravity, understand the emission processes and the equation of state of ultra-dense matter. In the form of transient bursts we can use them to study the physics governing explosive events such as gamma-ray bursts, merging neutron stars, annihilating black holes or hitherto unkno",{"id":701,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":702,"piName":10,"institution":384,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":703,"abstract":704},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694910","Structured Reactors with INTensified ENergy Transfer for Breakthrough Catalytic Technologies","€2,484,648","Critically important heterogeneous catalytic reactions for energy conversion and chemicals production have been run for several decades in fixed bed reactors randomly packed with catalyst pellets, whose operation is intrinsically limited by slow heat removal\u002Fsupply. There is urgent need for a new generation of process equipment and chemical reactors to address the current quest for process intensification. I propose that a game-changing alternative is provided by structured reactors wherein the ",{"id":706,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":707,"piName":10,"institution":708,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":709,"abstract":710},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669371","Microbiology of extremely acidic terrestrial volcanic ecosystems","STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITEIT","€2,263,490","Terrestrial mud volcanos are extreme environments with pH values below even 1, with temperatures up to 70 ºC. They represent ‘hotspots’ of greenhouse gas emissions. Despite the hostile conditions, mud volcanos harbour very unique microbial communities involved in the cycling of elements like carbon, hydrogen, sulfur, and nitrogen. Microbial communities in extreme environments are characterized by low biodiversity and as a consequence serve as good models to study linkages between genomic potenti",{"id":712,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":713,"piName":10,"institution":714,"country":107,"year":13,"amount":715,"abstract":716},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695188","Deterministic Generation of Polarization Entangled single Photons Cluster States","TECHNION - ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY","€2,502,974","Measurement based quantum computing is one of the most fault-tolerant architectures proposed for quantum information processing. It opens the possibility of performing quantum computing tasks using linear optical systems. An efficient route for measurement based quantum computing utilizes highly entangled states of photons, called cluster states. Propagation and processing quantum information is made possible this way using only single qubit measurements. It is highly resilient to qubit losses. ",{"id":718,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":719,"piName":10,"institution":720,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":721},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694946","Controlling Fluid Resistances at Membranes","DWI LEIBNIZ-INSTITUT FUR INTERAKTIVE MATERIALIEN EV","Today’s materials research in the field of synthetic membranes gives access to highly permeable and extremely selective membranes. However, their potential will remain ineffective as high and selective transport rates always go along with resistances emerging at the membrane fluid interface in the form diffusion limitations in the laminary boundary layers. In order to make full use of the very many new materials, also new means to control and minimize such fluid based resistances need to be deve",{"id":723,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":724,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":390,"abstract":725},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694343","Physics of Star Formation and Its Regulation","In the past decade we learned when and where stellar mass was built up in galaxies through cosmic time, now we must understand the physical causes in order to answer `How do galaxies form and evolve?’. This ERC project is designed to greatly advance our understanding of the physics of the star formation (SF) process and its regulation in typical star forming galaxies. The ERC project consists of 2 complementary parts: (A) an unparalleled characterization of the SF process in nearby galaxies thro",{"id":727,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":728,"piName":10,"institution":367,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":729,"abstract":730},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694295","Genetic Determinants of the Epigenome","€2,499,717","Decoding of the genome during development and differentiation depends on sequence-specific DNA binding proteins that regulate transcription. The activity of transcription factors is constrained, however, by chromatin structure and by modification of histones and DNA, known collectively as the “epigenome”. Diseased states, particularly cancers, are often accompanied by epigenomic disturbances that contribute to aetiology, but despite much research the molecular determinants of chromatin and DNA m",{"id":732,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":733,"piName":10,"institution":734,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":735,"abstract":736},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694340","Search for electric dipole moments using storage rings","FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH GMBH","€2,379,276","One of the great mysteries in the natural sciences is the dominance of matter over antimatter in the universe. According to our present understanding, the early universe contained the same amount of matter and antimatter. If the universe had behaved symmetrically as it developed, every particle would have been annihilated by one of its antiparticles. We thereforeowe our very existence to mechanisms that have led to a world where something that we call matter remains. We propose to study such mec",{"id":738,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":739,"piName":10,"institution":316,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":740,"abstract":741},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694513","Exoplanet atmospheres as indicators of life: From hot gas giants to Earth-like planets","€2,300,962","This is a proposal to use a new ground-breaking spectroscopic technique to study the atmospheres of extrasolar planets. Understanding planet atmospheric processes and their evolutionary histories is crucial for unambiguously identifying biomarker gases, and forms the main driver behind the enormous surge in exoplanet atmospheric research. I propose to lead a program using the new VLT CRIRES+ instrument, that will focus on the new ground-breaking developments in ground-based high-dispersion spect",{"id":743,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":744,"piName":10,"institution":745,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":746,"abstract":747},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694405","Metric measure spaces and Ricci curvature — analytic, geometric, and probabilistic challenges","RHEINISCHE FRIEDRICH-WILHELMS-UNIVERSITAT BONN","€2,430,000","The project is devoted to innovative directions of research on metric measure spaces (‚mm-spaces’) and synthetic bounds for the Ricci curvature. It aims to bring together two - currently unrelated - areas of mathematics which both have seen an impressive development in the last decade: i) the study of ,static‘ mm-spaces with synthetic Ricci bounds and ii) the study of Ricci flows for ,smooth‘ Riemannian manifolds. A new ansatz - based on the concept of dynamical convexity - will enable to merge ",{"id":749,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":750,"piName":10,"institution":404,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":751},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670118","Active dendrites and cortical associations","Converging studies from psychophysics in humans to single-cell recordings in monkeys and rodents indicate that most important cognitive processes depend on both feed-forward and feedback information interacting in the brain. Intriguingly, feedback to early cortical processing stages appears to play a causal role in these processes. Despite the central nature of this fact to understanding brain cognition, there is still no mechanistic explanation as to how this information could be so pivotal and",{"id":753,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":754,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":755,"abstract":756},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694786","Oscillatory Rhythmic Entrainment and the Foundations of Language Acquisition","€2,614,275","Half of “late talkers”, infants who are not yet speaking by 2 years of age, will go on to develop language impairments. Currently, we have no reliable means of identifying these infants. Here we combine our developmental approach to phonology (psycholinguistic grain size theory), to the neural mechanisms underlying speech encoding (temporal sampling [TS] theory) and our work on the developmental importance of the speech amplitude envelope (AE) to open a new research front in the foundations of l",{"id":758,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":759,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":610,"abstract":760},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694289","Development and Evolution of Colour Patterns in Danio species","Colour patterns are prominent features of many animals and have important functions in communication such as camouflage, kin recognition and mate selection. Colour patterns are highly variable and evolve rapidly leading to large diversities even within a single genus. As targets for natural as well as sexual selection, they are of high evolutionary significance. The zebrafish (Danio rerio), a vertebrate model organism for the study of development and disease, displays a conspicuous pattern of al",{"id":762,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":763,"piName":10,"institution":275,"country":276,"year":13,"amount":764,"abstract":765},"cordis-european-research-council-award-666068","The molecular basis of CULLIN E3 ligase regulation by the COP9 signalosome","€2,200,677","Specificity in the ubiquitin-proteasome system is largely conferred by ubiquitin E3 ligases (E3s). Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs), constituting ~30% of all E3s in humans, mediate the ubiquitination of ~20% of the proteins degraded by the proteasome. CRLs are divided into seven families based on their cullin constituent. Each cullin binds a RING domain protein,  and a vast repertoire of adaptor\u002Fsubstrate receptor modules, collectively creating more than 200 distinct CRLs. All CRLs are regulated by th",{"id":767,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":768,"piName":10,"institution":769,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":770},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695192","TACK Superphylum and Lokiarchaeota Evolution: Dissecting the Ecology and Evolution of Archaea  to Elucidate the Prokaryote to Eukaryote Transition","UNIVERSITAT WIEN","The emergence of complex eukaryotic life forms on Earth from prokaryotic cells is one of the most fundamental questions in biology and also one of the least understood transitions in evolution. Phylogenomic studies recently indicated that the eukaryotic line of descent arose from within the TACK+L superphylum of Archaea. This proposal addresses the systematic analysis of two newly discovered, but largely uncharacterized lineages of Archaea from this superphylum that mark crucial evolutionary tra",{"id":772,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":773,"piName":10,"institution":630,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":774,"abstract":775},"cordis-european-research-council-award-664734","A high-fidelity isogeometric simulation methodology for fracture in porous media","€2,329,520","Fracture in heterogeneous, (partially) fluid-saturated porous media is a multi-scale problem with moving internal boundaries, characterised by a high degree of complexity and uncertainty. Nevertheless, in spite of an abundance of research on fracture in solid materials, there is relatively little work on fluid-saturated porous materials. Herein, a robust, flexible simulation technology will be developed for existing faults and propagating fractures in such media. The project consists of three pi",{"id":777,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":778,"piName":10,"institution":451,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":779,"abstract":780},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694825","Restoration of tumor suppressor function by induction of translational read-through of premature termination codons - a strategy for improved cancer therapy","€2,480,889","Tumor suppressor genes such as TP53, RB1, PTEN and APC are frequently inactivated in sporadic and inherited human tumors. A significant fraction of the mutations in these genes are nonsense mutations that lead to premature termination of translation and expression of truncated unstable and non-functional proteins. We will identify and characterize novel molecules that can induce translational read-through of premature termination codons in nonsense mutant TP53 and expression of full length p53 p",{"id":782,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":783,"piName":10,"institution":484,"country":485,"year":13,"amount":784,"abstract":785},"cordis-european-research-council-award-690978","Implementing Multi-Party Computation Technology","€2,499,938","The goal of IMPaCT is to turn Multi-Party Computation (MPC) from a stage in which we are beginning to obtain practical feasibility results, to a stage in which we have fully practical systems. It has long been acknowledged that MPC has the potential to provide a transformative change in the way security solutions are enabled. As it presently stands this is currently only possible in limited applications; deployments in restricted scenarios are beginning to emerge. However, in turning MPC into a ",{"id":787,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":788,"piName":10,"institution":789,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":790,"abstract":791},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669466","Towards a deepened understanding of combustion processes using advanced laser diagnostics","LUNDS UNIVERSITET","€2,442,000","The field of combustion is of utmost societal\u002Findustrial importance while at the same time posing outstanding scientific challenges. In order to handle these, it is extremely important to develop and apply non-intrusive laser-diagnostic techniques with high spatial and temporal resolution for measurements of key parameters such as species concentrations and temperatures. Such techniques have been developed and applied by the PI for more than thirty-five years and the home institute has one of th",{"id":793,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":794,"piName":10,"institution":630,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":795,"abstract":796},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694202","Novel Dark Matter Searches with Top Quarks at the Large Hadron Collider","€1,584,650","This project will address directly the two most important unanswered questions in particle physics: the Standard Model (SM) hierarchy problem and the nature of dark matter (DM). The SM was recently completed with the discovery of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in 2012. We know, however, that the SM cannot be the end of the story for fundamental physics, because it suffers from two major flaws: a lack of stability for the mass of the Higgs boson (the hierarchy problem), and a ",{"id":798,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":799,"piName":10,"institution":439,"country":276,"year":13,"amount":800,"abstract":801},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694712","Automatization of perturbative QCD at very high orders.","€2,045,095","In recent months, we broke new ground in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics computing for the first time a physical cross-section of a hadron collider process - Higgs production - at the fourth order in the strong coupling constant expansion. This breakthrough  improved the perturbative precision of a fundamental cross-section by a factor of four,  paving the way for a very precise testing of the Standard Model theory against LHC data.  The aim of our proposal is to fully automate all calculati",{"id":803,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":804,"piName":10,"institution":805,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":806,"abstract":807},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695214","Solute carrier proteins as the gates managing chemical access to cells","CEMM - FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FUER MOLEKULARE MEDIZIN GMBH","€2,389,782","Chemical exchange between cells and their environment occurs at cellular membranes, the interface where biology meets chemistry. Studying mechanisms of drug resistance, I realized that SoLute Carrier proteins (SLCs), not only represent the major class of small molecule transporters, but that they are encoded by one of the most neglected group of human genes. I identified a case where an SLC controls the activity of mTOR, suggesting that other SLCs may be involved in signalling. This formed the b",{"id":809,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":810,"piName":10,"institution":811,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":812,"abstract":813},"cordis-european-research-council-award-668640","The Enigma of the Hyksos","OESTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN","€2,446,819","The Hyksos (Greek rendering of the Egyptian title “rulers of the foreign countries”) were a dynasty of foreign rulers of Egypt between c.1640 and 1530 BC. Some modern researchers, following the ancient historian Flavius Josephus (1st cent. AD) thought they were ancestors of the early Israelites, others suggested that their appearance should be tied to the Hurrian expansion to the Levant. Most scholars today think, according to the onomastic data, that they were western Semites. Their geographica",{"id":815,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":816,"piName":10,"institution":817,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":818,"abstract":819},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693402","Social and Political Economics: Theory and Evidence","STOCKHOLMS UNIVERSITET","€1,104,812","In this project, I will study how individual and social motives interact to drive individual decisions, a question that has fallen between the cracks of different social-science approaches. I will use a common theoretical framework to approach an important, but badly understood, general question: do social motives reinforce or weaken the effect of changes in individual motives? By modifying this common framework to different applications, I will consider its predictions empirically in different ",{"id":821,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":822,"piName":10,"institution":367,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":823,"abstract":824},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695527","Hydrogen at Extreme Conditions: Applying Theory to Experiment for creation, verification and understanding","€2,277,206","Hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant element in the universe. It exists under extreme conditions in stars and planets.  Nuclear fusion, requires creating such extreme temperature and pressure on earth.  Lightweight storage of hydrogen in condensed form would unleash its potential as a fuel. The behaviour of a collection of protons and electrons presents an iconic challenge in fundamental physics.Diamond anvil cells (DAC) recently generated pressures above 400GPa, accessing conditions where",{"id":826,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":827,"piName":10,"institution":213,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":828,"abstract":829},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694812","Tackling the Achilles Heel of Immunotherapy: Validating imaging biomarkers and targeting the immunological niche of tumour hypoxia","€2,499,399","Lung cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer worldwide with 1.59 million deaths annually and it places the highest economic burden of all cancers on the EU at €18.8billion. These figures call for a major transformation of the therapeutic management of lung cancer. The recent developments in immunotherapy give new hope. At present a significant minority of patients benefit from immune therapy, which remains not curative when delivered alone. It is thus clear that improving the effica",{"id":831,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":832,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":833,"abstract":834},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694733","Regulation and Evolution of C4 photosynthesis","€2,496,521","Life is dependent on sugars made during photosynthesis. When plants colonized land ~450 million years ago they used a photosynthetic system known as the C3 pathway that still operates in the majority of species today. However, from ~30 million years ago over sixty plant lineages evolved a version of photosynthesis known as the C4 pathway that increases CO2 fixation efficiency by about 50%. C4 species such as maize and sorghum are now the most productive on the planet and achieve this by compartm",{"id":836,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":837,"piName":10,"institution":838,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":839,"abstract":840},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695724","Ultrasensitive Chirped-Pulse Fourier Transform mm-Wave Detection of Transient Species in Uniform Supersonic Flows for Reaction Kinetics Studies under Extreme Conditions","UNIVERSITE DE RENNES","€2,100,230","This proposal aims to develop a combination of a chirped-pulse (sub)mm-wave rotational spectrometer with uniform supersonic flows generated by expansion of gases through Laval nozzles and apply it to problems at the frontiers of reaction kinetics.The CRESU (Reaction Kinetics in Uniform Supersonic Flow) technique, combined with laser photochemical methods, has been applied with great success to perform research in gas-phase chemical kinetics at low temperatures, of particular interest for astroch",{"id":842,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":843,"piName":10,"institution":304,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":844,"abstract":845},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670103","Reconstructing normative economics on a foundation of mutual advantage","€1,172,374","Economics has traditionally assumed that individuals seek to satisfy coherent and asocial preferences, and has used the satisfaction of those preferences as a normative criterion. This ‘neoclassical’ approach has supported a view of the market as an institution in which privately-motivated individual actions tend to produce socially beneficial consequences. These ideas have been called into question by recent developments in behavioural economics, which point to the cognitive limitations of econ",{"id":847,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":848,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":849,"abstract":850},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693418","The Impact of the Ancient City","€2,483,075","The aim of the project is to re-examine the impact of urbanism in the Greco-Roman Mediterranean on subsequent urban history, both locally, in the impact of individual cities that survive into modern times on their development, and globally in the impact of ideas of ancient urbanism derived both from writings and the visible remains of ancient cities on urban formation and development, both within and beyond the Mediterranean area. What leaves this field wide open for investigation is the collaps",{"id":852,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":853,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":854},"cordis-european-research-council-award-671048","Myelinic nanochannels in neurodegenerative diseases","Myelin is made by highly specialized glial cells and enables fast axonal impulse propagation. We havediscovered that oligodendrocytes in the CNS are, in addition to myelination, required for the integrity andsurvival of axons, independent of the presence or absence of myelin itself. More recently, we found theunderlying mechanism and could show that glycolytic oligodendrocytes provide axons with pyruvate\u002Flactate.These metabolites are transported through a system of myelinic nanochannels to the a",{"id":856,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":857,"piName":10,"institution":367,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":858,"abstract":859},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695568","Molecular organization and dynamics of synapse diversity:  novel genetic, imaging and computational approaches","€2,000,000","Synapses are a hallmark of the brain, showing remarkable anatomical and molecular complexity, and central to the aetiology and progression of hundreds of brain diseases. The vertebrate brain has a vast potential synapse diversity arising from the differential distribution of combinations of proteins into individual synapses. This has led to the recognition that “synaptome mapping” needs to be developed where the expression level of individual proteins is robustly measured in individual synapses ",{"id":861,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":862,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":863,"abstract":864},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694707","Genome sequences from extinct hominins","€2,350,000","Neandertals and Denisovans, an Asian group distantly related to Neandertals, are the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans. They are thus of direct relevance for understanding the origin of modern humans and how modern humans differ from their closest relatives. We will generate genome-wide data from a large number of Neandertal and Denisovan individuals from across their geographical and temporal range as well as from other extinct hominin groups which we may discover. This will ",{"id":866,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":867,"piName":10,"institution":868,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":869,"abstract":870},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695223","Exponential sums, translation invariance, and applications","UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL","€1,873,483","Title: Exponential Sums, Translation Invariance, and Applications. Short Summary: Exponential sums are fundamental throughout (analytic)  number theory, and are key to the robustness of applications in theoretical computer science, cryptography, and so on. They are the primary tool for testing equidistribution (apparent “randomness”) of number theoretic sequences. For a century, bounds for such sums of degree 3 or more have fallen far short of those conjectured to hold.The landscape for exponent",{"id":872,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":873,"piName":10,"institution":874,"country":180,"year":13,"amount":875,"abstract":876},"cordis-european-research-council-award-662770","State Formation Through the Local Production of Property and Citizenship","KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET","€2,469,285","The key concern of the proposed research is how political power is established and reproduced through the production of the fundamental social contracts of property and citizenship. We will re-define the research on so-called failed and weak states, by examining what political authority is actually exercised rather than measuring how they fall short of theoretical ideals. In developing countries with legal and institutional pluralism, no single institution exercises the political authority as su",{"id":878,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":879,"piName":10,"institution":880,"country":276,"year":13,"amount":881,"abstract":882},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670757","Mesoscale Brain Dynamics: Computing with Neuronal Pathways","UNIVERSITAT ZURICH","€2,498,915","Brain computations rely on proper signal flow through the complex network of connected brain regions. Despite a wealth of anatomical and functional data – from microscopic to macroscopic scale – we still poorly understand the principles of how signal flow is routed through neuronal networks to generate appropriate behavior. Brain dynamics on the 'mesoscopic' scale, the intermediate level where local microcircuits communicate via axonal pathways, has remained a particular blind spot of research a",{"id":884,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":885,"piName":10,"institution":886,"country":226,"year":13,"amount":887,"abstract":888},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694893","Sensory Transformations and Transgenerational Environmental Relationships in Europe, 1950–2020","ITA-SUOMEN YLIOPISTO","€1,860,264","This project aims at producing new understandings of the changes in people’s sensory environmental relationships in three European cities during a particular period in history, 1950–2020. It will offer a focused window on cultural transformations of the sensory by introducing a new transgenerational methodology, ethnographic “sensobiography”. Why now? Firstly, innovative and thoroughly researched information about sensory environmental relationships is in great demand. If the findings are succes",{"id":890,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":891,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":892,"abstract":893},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695669","Exploring the Chemical Biology of Sequence Space via Picoliter Droplets","€2,308,221","Directed evolution of functional proteins has arguably emerged as an approach to protein engineering that can complement or better design-led approaches to protein function. However, as a random process, enormous numbers of variants have to be screened and selected to have a chance to identify successful catalysts. This process is costly and cumbersome: Industrial screening facilities require investment of tens to hundred millions of dollars. My group has implemented key steps towards conducting",{"id":895,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":896,"piName":10,"institution":868,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":897,"abstract":898},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694188","Global land ice, hydrology and ocean mass trends","€2,397,430","Sea level rise will be one of the most serious and costly consequences of future climate change. Constraining the sources and sinks of sea level change is essential for understanding the drivers of past variations and for improving predictions of future behaviour. Matching estimates of sea level rise with the components that affect it is a long standing problem in geosciences spanning multiple disciplines: oceanography, glaciology, hydrology and solid Earth physics. Traditionally, each part of t",{"id":900,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":901,"piName":10,"institution":902,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":903},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694537","A Sequence Classification Framework for Human Language Technology","RHEINISCH-WESTFAELISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE AACHEN","This project will develop a unifying framework of novel methods for sequence classification and thus make a major break-through in automatic speech recognition and machine translation, advancing these areas of human language technology (HLT) beyond state-of-the-art. Despite the huge progress made in the field, the specific aspect of sequence classification has not been addressed adequately in the past research in these disciplines and remains a big challenge. The proposed project will provide a ",{"id":905,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":906,"piName":10,"institution":532,"country":107,"year":13,"amount":907,"abstract":908},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695175","Transient Relativistic eXplosions","€1,449,375","The recent and upcoming deep and large field of view surveys has ascribed transient sources an ever-increasing role in 21st century astronomy. We propose to explore three relativistic transients: Compact binary mergers; Stellar disruption by massive black holes (TDEs) and Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). Mergers are the prime targets of advanced Gravitational Waves (GW) detectors. Their detection will open a new window on the Universe. However localization, based on electromagnetic (EM) counterparts, th",{"id":910,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":911,"piName":10,"institution":720,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":912},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694610","Supramolecular Protective Groups Enabling Antibiotics and Bioimaging","The pharmaceutical sector has a huge demand for new active compounds including natural products to fill the drug pipelines and to stop the global decline in novel approved active pharmaceutical ingredients. Therefore, developing new tools to fabricate complex molecular structures in a fast and reliable way is paramount. This holds especially true for the field of antibiotics. Multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens evolve at a terrifying rate and confer resistance to all presently available antibact",{"id":914,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":915,"piName":10,"institution":916,"country":485,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":917},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695067","Arranging the Particles: Step Changing Chemical Measurement Technology","VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL","The progress in liquid chromatography (LC), basically following Moore’s law over the last decade, will soon come to a halt. LC is the current state-of-the-art chemical separation method to measure the composition of complex mixtures. Driven by the ever growing complexity of the samples in e.g., environmental and biomedical research, LC is constantly pushed to higher efficiencies. Using highly optimized and monodisperse spherical particles, randomly packed in high pressure columns, the progress i",{"id":919,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":920,"piName":10,"institution":921,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":922,"abstract":923},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694683","Photonics of Spin–Orbit Optical Phenomena","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI FEDERICO II","€1,680,833","Spin-orbit optical phenomena can be broadly defined as those phenomena in which the polarization (“spin”) and the spatial structure (“orbit”) of an optical wave interact with each other and become spatially and\u002For temporally correlated, leading to novel effects or photonic applications.The project vision is a full-fledged spin-orbit photonic science and technology, and its achievement will be pursued by moving in three main directions:1) We will develop innovative systems based on spin-orbit opt",{"id":925,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":926,"piName":10,"institution":927,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":928,"abstract":929},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695078","Noninvasive Manipulation of Gating in Ion Channels","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO","€2,409,209","noMAGIC has the visionary goal of engineering genetically encoded ion channels, which can be remotely controlled (gated) by stimuli that penetrate deep into human tissue without negative side effects. The control over ion channel activity by deep penetrating stimuli will revolutionize research in neurobiology and physiology as it paves the way for remote and genuine non-invasive control of cell activity in vivo. Synthetic channels, which can be gated by magnetic fields (MF), near infrared (NIR) ",{"id":931,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":932,"piName":10,"institution":933,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":934},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695245","Law, Authority and Learning in Imami Shi'ite Islam","THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER","The academic study of Islamic law has, so far, almost exclusively focused on Sunni legal thought. The legal thought and practice of Shi’ite (and other) traditions has been neglected, and this has created a rather skewed account of the history of Islamic law. This project aims to rectify this inadequacy by producing a body of research in which the Imami Shi’ite contribution to Islamic legal history is described, analysed and evaluated. Imami Shi’ites, sometimes termed Twelvers, are the largest br",{"id":936,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":937,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":938,"abstract":939},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695075","Solar magnetic field and its influence on solar variability and activity","€2,418,750","For life on Earth, the Sun is the most important astrophysical object in the universe. For astrophysicists, the atmosphere of the Sun presents an intriguing, complex and extremely varied environment generated by continuous dynamic, small-scale interactions between plasma and intricately structured magnetic fields. The purpose of this proposal is to elucidate the physics underlying the structure and dynamics of the solar magnetic field that is responsible for the Sun’s varied activity and its var",{"id":941,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":942,"piName":10,"institution":943,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":944},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694709","Supercurrents of Magnon Condensates for Advanced Magnonics","RHEINLAND-PFALZISCHE TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT","I propose the opening of the new research field of room-temperature supercurrents formed in condensates of magnons. These supercurrents represent a novel type of macroscopic quantum phenomenon analogous to the low-temperature effects of superconductivity and superfluidity. They constitute the transport of angular momentum, which is driven by a phase gradient in the magnon-condensate wavefunction. The results I envision possess the potential to completely revolutionize information processing with",{"id":946,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":947,"piName":10,"institution":404,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":948,"abstract":949},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693742","Mechanism of Enzyme Rhodopsin Activation","€2,398,750","Channelrhodopsin, which was discovered and described as a light-gated ion channel in my laboratory, has revolutionized the field of neuroscience over the past decade by enabling researchers to specifically activate selected neurons in a large ensemble of neuronal cells with short light flashes, a technology we now call Optogenetics. However, though highly desirable, the inactivation of specific cells using moderate or low light intensities is not yet possible. The recently discovered rhodopsin-g",{"id":951,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":952,"piName":10,"institution":953,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":954},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694181","THE ROLE OF MUCINS AND MUCUS IN THE DISEASES CYSTIC FIBROSIS, CELIAC DISEASE, AND ULCERATIVE COLITIS","GOETEBORGS UNIVERSITET","The overall aim of this proposal is to explain how the mucus systems of the intestine and lung act as a first innate immune defense line to protect our mucosal surfaces. Mucins are of highly glycosylated proteins that build the mucus skeleton.We previously discovered that there are two mucus layers in the colon. The inner mucus layer built around the MUC2 mucin is attached and impenetrable to bacteria, thus separating the intestinal bacteria from the epithelial cells. However, how the dynamic co",{"id":956,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":957,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":958,"abstract":959},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693023","Structural biology of mammalian transcription regulation","€2,496,250","The regulation of gene transcription by RNA polymerase (Pol) II underlies cell differentiation and organism development, and its dysregulation causes many cancers. Transcription regulation occurs during initiation, when Pol II assembles with initiation factors on promoter DNA, but also during mRNA chain elongation, when Pol II pauses near the promoter before it restarts upon activation. Our previous ERC Advanced Grant ‘TRANSIT’ enabled us to provide molecular insights into yeast Pol II initiatio",{"id":961,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":962,"piName":10,"institution":389,"country":192,"year":13,"amount":963,"abstract":964},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694569","Microbial lipids: The three domain ‘lipid divide’ revisited","€2,499,426","Tremendous progress has been made in the last decade in the genetic characterization of microorganisms, both in culture and in the environment. However, our knowledge of microbial membrane lipids, essential building blocks of the cell, has only marginally improved. This is remarkable since there exists a dichotomy in the distribution of lipids between the three Domains of Life. Diacyl glycerols based on straight-chain fatty acids are produced by bacteria and eukaryotes, whereas archaea synthesiz",{"id":966,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":967,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":968,"abstract":969},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670428","Developing and delivering neurocomputational models to bridge between brain and mind.","€2,294,781","The promise of cognitive neuroscience is truly exciting – to link mind and brain in order to reveal the neural basis of higher cognitive functions. This is crucial, scientifically, if we are to understand the nature of mental processes and how they arise from neural machinery but also, clinically, if we are to establish the basis of neurological patients’ impairments, their clinical management and treatment.  Cognitive-clinical neuroscience depends on three ingredients: (a) investigating complex",{"id":971,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":972,"piName":10,"institution":973,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":974,"abstract":975},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694368","Gradual and abrupt environmental change: connecting physiology, evolution and community composition","FREIE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN","€2,390,598","A major goal in ecology is to predict how environmental changes, including drivers of global change, affect communities and ecosystem functioning, with society demanding answers to these pressing questions. A key limitation of virtually all experimental approaches addressing such questions is that treatments are delivered abruptly, while many changes occurring in nature are gradual. Here I propose to comprehensively study consequences of environmental change when delivered abruptly vs. gradually",{"id":977,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":978,"piName":10,"institution":451,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":979},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695096","Exploration and promotion of neurogenesis in the adult brain","It is now well established that new neurons are added to certain regions of the adult brain. There is today considerable interest in the development of regenerative therapies based on modulating endogenous neurogenesis, but it is necessary to better understand these events to assess whether this is rational and realistic. This application takes its initiation in two recent discoveries that we have made: that astrocytes in the mouse striatum give rise to new neurons after stroke or inhibition of ",{"id":981,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":982,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":983,"abstract":984},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695487","Extending the range of the glassy state: Exploring structure and property limits in metallic glasses","€2,434,090","Metallic glasses (MGs), among the most actively studied metallic materials, have attractive mechanical properties (high elastic limit) but show work-softening and lack ductility. Recent work suggests the as-cast state of MGs can be much altered by thermomechanical treatments: rejuvenation (to higher energy) offers improved plasticity (perhaps even desirable work-hardening); relaxation (to lower energy) offers access to ultrastable states. Work of the PI has just shown that even simple thermal cy",{"id":986,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":987,"piName":10,"institution":988,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":989,"abstract":990},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669351","Systematic Genetic Code Reprogramming","UNITED KINGDOM RESEARCH AND INNOVATION","€2,475,344","We will build an orthogonal translation system for the encoded synthesis of unnatural polymers in cells. The steps towards this goal are each significant and substantial and, importantly, our solutions for each step are both scalable and modular with those for other steps in the process.   In the first step we create a scalable and modular route to multiple new aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase\u002FtRNA pairs that are orthogonal to each other and to endogenous synthetases and tRNAs.  In a second step we eng",{"id":992,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":993,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":994,"abstract":995},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694977","Small - and nano - scale soft phononics","€2,181,250","Colloid and polymer science allows the engineering of acoustic and optical material functionalities of hierarchical structures on various length scales commensurate with and well below the characteristic length scales of phonons and photons. Periodic structures act as both hypersonic phononic and visible light photonic crystals (phoxonics). We recently extended the decade-old field to hypersonic phononics. Many important questions in this young field are just being raised and require new concept",{"id":997,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":998,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":999,"abstract":1000},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694401","Large-scale analysis of neuronal population activity","€2,499,131","The brain works through the activity of large, spatially distributed neuronal populations. Recent technological advances enable recordings of thousands of neurons from multiple brain structures, offering an unprecedented opportunity to understand neuronal population activity. However, mathematical and computational advances are also required to turn the resulting flood of data into concise principles summarizing brain function. Ideally, these principles would be not just be qualitative, but quan",{"id":1002,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1003,"piName":10,"institution":1004,"country":299,"year":13,"amount":1005,"abstract":1006},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670949","LightNet - Tracking the Coherent Light Path in Photosynthetic Networks","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE CIENCIES FOTONIQUES","€2,856,250","ature has developed photosynthesis to power life. Networks of light harvesting antennas capture the sunlight to funnel the photonic energy towards reaction centres. Surprisingly, quantum coherences are observed in the energy transfer of photosynthetic complexes, even at room temperature.Does nature exploit quantum concepts? Does the coherence help to find an optimal path for robust or efficient transfer? How are the coherences sustained? What is their spatial extent in a real light-harvesting ne",{"id":1008,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1009,"piName":10,"institution":1010,"country":107,"year":13,"amount":1011,"abstract":1012},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692452","Extremes in logarithmically correlated fields","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","€1,292,500","The proposed research deals with the extremes of logarithmically correlated fields, in both the Gaussian and non-Gaussian setups. Examples of such fields are branching random walks, the (discrete) two dimensional Gaussian free field, the set of points left uncovered by a random walk on the two dimensional torus at times close to the cover time of the torus, the (absolute) values of the characteristic polynomial of random matrices, Ginzburg-Landau models, and more. The proposal builds on recent p",{"id":1014,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1015,"piName":10,"institution":1016,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":1017,"abstract":1018},"cordis-european-research-council-award-670077","Allocation Made PracticaL","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT BERLIN","€2,499,681","Allocation Made PracticaLThe AMPLify project will lay the foundations of a new field, computational behavioural game theory that brings a computational perspective, computational implementation, and behavioural insights to game theory. These foundations will be laid by tackling a pressing problem facing society today: the efficient and fair allocation of resources and costs. Research in allocation has previously considered simple, abstract models like cake cutting. We propose to develop richer m",{"id":1020,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1021,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":1022},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669764","Multi-phase Lattice Materials","The integration of materials and architectural features at multiple scales into structural mechanics changed the way buildings were designed and gave us the Eiffel Tower, for example.  This approach led to the development of computational design approaches used in modern day construction and it is believed that similar principles can be applied to the design and manufacture of new lattice-based microstructures.  This vision, of fundamentally changing how materials are developed, is the inspirati",{"id":1024,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1025,"piName":10,"institution":1026,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":1027,"abstract":1028},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669742","Cell-cell interactions at the neurovascular interface","JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE-UNIVERSITAET FRANKFURT AM MAIN","€2,458,468","The coordinated orchestration of cell movements is a vital process for assembling functional structures. In recent years we have learned a simplifying lesson: organ development is governed by a limited set of conserved cell-to-cell communication signaling pathways repeatedly used in different contexts. Particularly fascinating is the parallelism between the vascular and nervous systems. My lab has been working for more than a decade on the molecular and functional parallelism between nervous and",{"id":1030,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1031,"piName":10,"institution":1032,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":1033,"abstract":1034},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694227","Analysis of quantum many-body systems","INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUSTRIA","€1,497,755","The main focus of this project is the mathematical analysis of many-body quantum systems, in particular, interacting quantum gases at low temperature. The recent experimental advances in studying ultra-cold atomic gases have led to renewed interest in these systems. They display a rich variety of quantum phenomena, including, e.g., Bose–Einstein condensation and superfluidity, which makes them interesting both from a physical and a mathematical point of view.The goal of this project is the devel",{"id":1036,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1037,"piName":10,"institution":1038,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1039,"abstract":1040},"cordis-european-research-council-award-668954","Understanding asthma phenotypes: going beyond the atopic\u002Fnon-atopic paradigm","LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE ROYAL CHARTER","€2,348,803","Fifteen years ago it was widely believed that asthma was an allergic\u002Fatopic disease caused by allergen exposure in infancy; this produced atopic sensitization and continued exposure resulted in eosinophilic airways inflammation, bronchial hyper-responsiveness and reversible airflow obstruction. It is now clear that this model is at best incomplete. Less than one-half of asthma cases involve allergic (atopic) mechanisms, and most asthma in low-and-middle income countries is non-atopic. Westerniza",{"id":1042,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1043,"piName":10,"institution":509,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":1044,"abstract":1045},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694145","Institutional Family Demography","€1,850,820","IFAMID presents a new framework for the analysis of family demography. Drawing on recent theoretical developments, and exploiting cognitive and methodological insights from a wide range of disciplines, most importantly from sociology and political science, it is argued that trends in family formation (and its dynamics) not only derive from broad global forces, but also from institutional quality and cultural traits, and, critically important, from the interaction between the two. Whereas the fra",{"id":1047,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1048,"piName":10,"institution":874,"country":180,"year":13,"amount":1049,"abstract":1050},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693327","The transcription-related DNA damage response","€2,499,988","The cellular response to bulky DNA lesions, such as those induced by UV-irradiation, remains enigmatic despite decades of study. The effect of such damage on transcription is complex. At the local level, lesions cause stalling of RNAPII, resulting in a block to transcript elongation. Stalled RNAPII triggers transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair, a process whereby lesions in genes are preferentially removed. Importantly, however, UV-irradiation also affects transcription genome-wide, s",{"id":1052,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1053,"piName":10,"institution":263,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1054,"abstract":1055},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694509","Causality Relations Using Nonlinear Data Assimilation","€2,597,754","A major problem in understanding complex nonlinear geophysical systems is to determine which processes drive which other processes, so what the causal relations are. Several methods to infer nonlinear causal relations exist, but often lead to different answers, often perform hypothesis testing on causality, need long stationary time series, can be misleading if an unknown process drives the processes under study, or, if a numerical model is used, reflect model causality instead of real-world cau",{"id":1057,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1058,"piName":10,"institution":509,"country":56,"year":13,"amount":1059,"abstract":1060},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694697","The Common Core of European Administrative Law","€1,254,105","The European dimension of administrative law is the focus of a flurry of initiatives aiming to investigate similarities and differences, and to shape common legal scenarios. A codification of the administrative procedures of the EU has been envisaged by the European Parliament in its resolution of February 2013. A broader proposal of codification, including rule-making and contractual procedures, has been elaborated by ReNEUAL and has been discussed in a series of workshops in 2015.The issues th",{"id":1062,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1063,"piName":10,"institution":433,"country":233,"year":13,"amount":1064,"abstract":1065},"cordis-european-research-council-award-694883","Therapeutic approaches to enhance innate immunity against Tumors","€2,499,646","Recent advances using immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrate the great potential of immunemodulation in cancer and metastasis treatment. However, the effective treatment of only a subset of patients shows that this is only the start to utilize the power of the immune system to fight cancer. An interesting approach is to harness innate immune cells, such as plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) to attack tumors and to enhance the effect of standard anti-canc",{"id":1067,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1068,"piName":10,"institution":1069,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":90,"abstract":1070},"cordis-european-research-council-award-669690","Social Dynamics of Civil Wars","UNIVERSITE PARIS I PANTHEON-SORBONNE","Each year, civil wars cause hundreds of thousands of deaths, millions of refugees, ecological disruptions, regional instability. These conflicts encompass many players and their effects are felt not only at the regional level but also within Western societies (refugees, terrorism, sectarian tensions).Despite this, no systematic comparison of civil wars have been conducted using a qualitative method. Social scientists are struggling to understand these breakdowns of the social order, which are fe",{"id":1072,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1073,"piName":10,"institution":373,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1074,"abstract":1075},"cordis-european-research-council-award-695551","NK receptors and disease","€1,735,205","NK cells are relevant to many kinds of disease, including viral infection, autoimmunity, cancer, transplantation and reproduction. The behavior of NK cells is controlled by a large number of different cell surface receptors, in a region on chromosome 19 called the LRC. Some of these receptors, such as KIR, are highly variable in gene number and allele sequence in different individuals. Many of them interact with HLA class I molecules, which are also highly polymorphic. To understand and exploit ",{"id":1077,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1078,"piName":10,"institution":1079,"country":1080,"year":13,"amount":1081,"abstract":1082},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693124","Perception of voices that do not exist: Tracking the temporal signatures of auditory hallucinations","UNIVERSITETET I BERGEN","NO","€2,413,371","One of the most perplexing phenomena of the human mind is the conviction of perceiving a voice in the absence of an external auditory source. This is called an auditory hallucination (AH), and is the most characteristic symptom of the most severe mental disorder, schizophrenia. Understanding the phenomenology, cognitive, and neurobiological underpinnings of AHs will not only provide new insights for explaining schizophrenia, but will also provide new insights into the complexities of the mind. I",{"id":1084,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1085,"piName":10,"institution":1086,"country":485,"year":13,"amount":1087,"abstract":1088},"cordis-european-research-council-award-693755","Smart casting of concrete structures by active control of rheology","UNIVERSITEIT GENT","€2,498,750","Concrete production processes do not take full advantage of the rheological potential of fresh cementitious materials, and are still largely labour-driven and sensitive to the human factor. SmartCast proposes a new concrete casting concept to transform the concrete industry into a highly automated technological industry. Currently, the rheological properties of the concrete are defined by mix design and mixing procedure without any further active adjustment during casting. The goal of this propo",{"id":1090,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1091,"piName":10,"institution":1092,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":1093,"abstract":1094},"cordis-european-research-council-award-692640","The Electron as a Catalyst","UNIVERSITAET MUENSTER","€2,490,000","Is the electron a catalyst in synthesis? This fundamental question will be addressed within the frame of the suggested ERC-project. Brönsted acid catalysis is well established in organic synthesis. The electron, as compared to the proton about 1800 times smaller and omnipresent, is currently not recognized as a potential catalyst in synthesis. The concept of using the electron as a catalyst is nearly unexplored. In the suggested, challenging project this kind of catalysis and its potential in sy",200,{"programme":8,"total":1097,"withPiName":1098,"firstYear":1099,"lastYear":1100,"countryCount":1101,"perYear":1102,"topInstitutions":1159,"topCountries":1230},4756,450,2008,2027,46,[1103,1105,1108,1111,1114,1117,1120,1123,1126,1128,1130,1133,1136,1139,1142,1145,1148,1151,1154,1157],{"year":1099,"count":1104},47,{"year":1106,"count":1107},2009,232,{"year":1109,"count":1110},2010,248,{"year":1112,"count":1113},2011,276,{"year":1115,"count":1116},2012,293,{"year":1118,"count":1119},2013,344,{"year":1121,"count":1122},2014,359,{"year":1124,"count":1125},2015,138,{"year":13,"count":1127},299,{"year":1129,"count":1107},2017,{"year":1131,"count":1132},2018,376,{"year":1134,"count":1135},2019,241,{"year":1137,"count":1138},2020,137,{"year":1140,"count":1141},2021,228,{"year":1143,"count":1144},2022,322,{"year":1146,"count":1147},2023,252,{"year":1149,"count":1150},2024,243,{"year":1152,"count":1153},2025,222,{"year":1155,"count":1156},2026,264,{"year":1100,"count":1158},3,[1160,1163,1166,1169,1172,1175,1178,1181,1184,1187,1190,1193,1196,1199,1202,1205,1208,1211,1213,1216,1218,1220,1222,1225,1227],{"name":1161,"count":1162},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",206,{"name":1164,"count":1165},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",133,{"name":1167,"count":1168},"University of Oxford",128,{"name":1170,"count":1171},"University of Cambridge",124,{"name":1173,"count":1174},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",84,{"name":1176,"count":1177},"Weizmann Institute of Science",74,{"name":1179,"count":1180},"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne",72,{"name":1182,"count":1183},"University College London",69,{"name":1185,"count":1186},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",59,{"name":1188,"count":1189},"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem",57,{"name":1191,"count":1192},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",52,{"name":1194,"count":1195},"University of Bristol",49,{"name":1197,"count":1198},"University of Edinburgh",48,{"name":1200,"count":1201},"Kobenhavns Universitet",40,{"name":1203,"count":1204},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",39,{"name":1206,"count":1207},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",38,{"name":1209,"count":1210},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",35,{"name":1212,"count":1210},"Tel Aviv University",{"name":1214,"count":1215},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",33,{"name":1217,"count":1215},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":1219,"count":1215},"Universitat Wien",{"name":1221,"count":1215},"University of Manchester",{"name":1223,"count":1224},"Helsingin Yliopisto",32,{"name":1226,"count":1224},"Karolinska Institutet",{"name":1228,"count":1229},"Technische Universiteit Delft",30,[1231,1233,1235,1237,1239,1241,1243,1245,1247,1249,1251,1252,1254,1257,1259,1261,1263,1265,1268,1271,1274,1276,1278,1279,1282],{"name":20,"count":1232},802,{"name":12,"count":1234},778,{"name":27,"count":1236},581,{"name":192,"count":1238},390,{"name":276,"count":1240},310,{"name":56,"count":1242},302,{"name":299,"count":1244},269,{"name":107,"count":1246},202,{"name":427,"count":1248},183,{"name":233,"count":1250},153,{"name":485,"count":1250},{"name":180,"count":1253},107,{"name":1255,"count":1256},"GB",78,{"name":226,"count":1258},76,{"name":1080,"count":1260},65,{"name":169,"count":1262},42,{"name":1264,"count":1201},"PT",{"name":1266,"count":1267},"HU",25,{"name":1269,"count":1270},"EL",24,{"name":1272,"count":1273},"US",20,{"name":162,"count":1275},18,{"name":498,"count":1277},15,{"name":478,"count":1277},{"name":1280,"count":1281},"CN",9,{"name":1283,"count":1284},"EE",8]