[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-advanced-grant-2020":3,"awarded-stats-erc-advanced-grant":763},{"awarded":4,"total":762},[5,16,22,28,35,40,46,51,57,62,68,74,79,85,91,95,102,106,111,118,123,128,133,138,143,148,153,157,163,169,173,179,185,192,197,204,211,217,222,227,233,238,244,249,255,261,267,272,277,282,287,292,298,304,311,316,322,328,334,339,344,349,354,359,365,369,375,380,385,390,395,402,408,414,419,426,432,437,442,448,453,459,464,470,474,480,485,490,495,500,506,512,517,523,529,535,541,546,552,557,563,569,574,580,585,590,596,602,608,614,619,625,629,634,640,645,651,655,660,664,670,676,681,687,693,699,705,710,716,721,726,731,736,741,748,752,758],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833749","European Research Council","ERC Advanced Grant","The Future of Prediction: The Social Consequences of Algorithmic Forecast  in Insurance, Medicine and Policing",null,"UNIVERSITAET BIELEFELD","DE",2020,"€2,084,429","The algorithmic turn of prediction, connected with Big Data and Machine Learning, presents an exciting and urgent challenge for the social sciences. Recent advances in digital forecasting claim to provide a predictive score for individual persons or singular events, thereby introducing a new way to manage the uncertainty of the future. But knowing the future in advance is not only advantageous. In fact, for our society, uncertainty about the future is also a resource.   Since modernity, with the",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":20,"abstract":21},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883818","Graphical Models for Complex Multivariate Data","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€1,971,296","Modern science increasingly relies on insights gained from sophisticated analyses of large data sets.  An ambitious goal of such data-driven discovery is to understand complex systems via statistical analysis of multivariate data on the activity of their interacting units.  Probabilistic graphical models, the topic of this project, are tailored to the task.  The models facilitate refined yet tractable data exploration by using graphs to represent complex stochastic dependencies between considere",{"id":23,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":24,"piName":10,"institution":25,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":27},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884719","Flavour Anomalies with advanced particle Identification MEthods","INSTITUT JOZEF STEFAN","SI","In the proposed research, precision measurements of rare processes involving heavy quarks and leptons will be used to search for new phenomena beyond the Standard Model, popularly known as New Physics. This research at the intensity frontier is complementary to searches at the highest achievable energies carried out at the LHC proton-proton collider. Indications of very interesting discrepancies have recently been observed by three experiments (LHCb, BaBar, and Belle) between their results and p",{"id":29,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":30,"piName":10,"institution":31,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":33,"abstract":34},"cordis-european-research-council-award-832294","Deconstructing the role of SUMO on chromatin in cell identity and tissue repair","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","FR","€2,499,995","The maintenance of cell identity and how it is subverted in disease are central questions in biology and medicine. The interplay between transcription factor and chromatin configurations plays a key role in maintaining cellular identity, yet how this interplay is regulated is poorly understood. Notably, the existence of possible general mechanisms underlying different cell-state specifications remains to be determined. We have recently uncovered evidence that sumoylation, which deposits a chroma",{"id":36,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":37,"piName":10,"institution":31,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":38,"abstract":39},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833309","Unravelling the secretion machinery for virulence factors in apicomplexan parasites","€2,496,210","Apicomplexan are obligatory intracellular parasites. The ability of these parasites (Plasmodium, Toxoplasma) to cause disease depends on the coordinated secretion of specialized secretory organelles. The rhoptries are particularly important, because they act as the apicomplexan equivalent of bacterial secretion systems. They inject parasite proteins directly in the cytoplasm of host cells not only for invasion but also to hijack host functions crucial to establish and maintain infection. However",{"id":41,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":42,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":44,"abstract":45},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833184","Chloroplast and Mitochondria interactions for microalgal acclimation","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€2,498,207","Photosynthesis emerged as an energy-harvesting process at least 3.5 billion years ago, first in anoxygenic bacteria and then in oxygen-producing organisms, which led to the evolution of complex life forms with oxygen-based metabolisms (e.g. humans). Oxygenic photosynthesis produces ATP and NADPH, and the correct balance between these energy-rich molecules allows assimilation of CO2 into organic matter. Although the mechanisms of ATP\u002FNADPH synthesis are well understood, less is known about how CO",{"id":47,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":48,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":49,"abstract":50},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885250","Astronomical Solutions over Geological Time","€2,498,956","According to Milankovitch (1941), some of the large climatic changes of the past originate in the variations of the Earths orbit and of its spin axis resulting from the gravitational pull of the planets and the Moon. These variations can be traced over several millions of years (Ma) in the geological sedimentary records. Over the last three decades, the Earths orbital and spin solutions elaborated by the PI and his group (Laskar et al, 1993, 2004, 2011) have been used to establish a geological t",{"id":52,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":53,"piName":10,"institution":54,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":55,"abstract":56},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883849","TRansfers at tiny scales in tUrbulent multiphase FLOW","SORBONNE UNIVERSITE","€2,490,585","The prediction of heat and mass transfer across fluctuating fluid interfaces is a considerable challenge. It is however not only an ubiquitous part of industrial processes, but also a critical component of the global climate system through ocean-atmosphere interactions.  Sustainable development and greenhouse gas emission containment will require an overhaul of already knowledge-intensive processes. TRUFLOW thus aims at enabling the quantitative prediction of the heat and mass transfer in fluid ",{"id":58,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":59,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":60,"abstract":61},"cordis-european-research-council-award-835032","Cognition in an Insect Brain","€2,145,339","There is a common perception that larger brains mediate higher cognitive capacity. Social insects, however, demonstrate that sophisticated cognition is possible with miniature brains. Honeybees display higher-order learning such as categorization, non-linear discriminations, concept learning and numerosity, which are unique among insects. These capacities are mediated by a miniature brain with only 950 000 neurons. Despite extensive behavioral analyses, no study has attempted to elucidate the ne",{"id":63,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":64,"piName":10,"institution":65,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":66,"abstract":67},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885107","From Data-based to Model-based AI: Representation Learning for Planning","RHEINISCH-WESTFAELISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE AACHEN","€2,498,625","Two of the main research threads in AI revolve around the development of data-based learners capable of inferring behavior and  functions from experience and data, and model-based solvers capable of tackling well-defined but intractable models like SAT, classical planning, and Bayesian networks. Learners, and in particular deep learners, have achieved considerable success but result in black boxes that do not have the flexibility, transparency, and generality of their model-based counterparts. S",{"id":69,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":70,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":72,"abstract":73},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884754","The advent of the Iron Age in cell death","HELMHOLTZ ZENTRUM MUENCHEN DEUTSCHES FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FUER GESUNDHEIT UND UMWELT GMBH","€2,499,835","The recognition of distinct regulated cell death pathways presents tantalizing possibilities for gaining control over life and death decisions made by cells to both prevent age-dependent (neuro)degenerative diseases and to fight cancer. For decades, apoptosis has been considered as the sole form of regulated cell death, while others were deemed unregulated, necrotic. In this context, pioneering work originating from my group enabled to establish “ferroptosis” as an iron-dependent cell death moda",{"id":75,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":76,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":77,"abstract":78},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885382","Novel mechanisms of neurogenesis- from centrosome to engineering migration","€2,256,834","The centrosome is a crucial cellular organelle involved in many functions especially during development where it acts to regulate key processes, such as cell division, cilia formation and migration. While many mutations in centrosome-associated proteins lead to diseases often predominantly affecting the brain, the basis for this specificity is in most cases not known. Likewise, basic aspects of centrosome biology, such as the role of RNAs at the centrosome, are largely unknown. Our recent discov",{"id":80,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":81,"piName":10,"institution":82,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":83,"abstract":84},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885394","Lattices in a Parallel and Quantum World","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","€2,473,790","Today's digital world creates many security and privacy issues. But cryptography, a pillar of cybersecurity, is facing two major challenges.  The first challenge is the threat of quantum computers, fueled by massive investment worldwide. Shor showed that a quantum computer can break the most prevalent forms of public-key cryptography used every day by e-commerce and bitcoins. This threat is now taken seriously by governmental organizations: the NIST initiated in 2016 a process to standardize by ",{"id":86,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":87,"piName":10,"institution":88,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":90},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884762","Quantum Feedback Engineering","ASSOCIATION POUR LA RECHERCHE ET LE DEVELOPPEMENT DES METHODES ET PROCESSUS INDUSTRIELS","€2,440,125","Quantum technologies, such as quantum computers and simulators, have the potential of revolutionizing our computational speed, communication security and measurement precision. The power of the quantum relies on two key but fragile resources: quantum coherence and entanglement. This promising field is facing a major open question: how to design machines which exploit quantum properties on a large scale, and efficiently protect them from external perturbations (decoherence), which tend to suppres",{"id":92,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":93,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":94},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833973","FeRroElectric control of Spin-charge interCOnversion","Oxide compounds are usually highly ionic, with metal and oxygen ions carrying large positive and negative point charges. When inversion symmetry is broken as in ferroelectrics or at surfaces or interfaces, oxides can thus harbour large electric fields. This unleashes a quantum phenomenon known as the Rashba spin-orbit coupling that allows the generation of spin currents from charge currents and vice versa without ferromagnets, circumventing their drawbacks to perform these tasks. In the FRESCO p",{"id":96,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":97,"piName":10,"institution":98,"country":99,"year":13,"amount":100,"abstract":101},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882385","Targeting Shelterin Proteins in Cancer","FUNDACION SECTOR PUBLICO ESTATAL CENTRO NACIONAL INVESTIGACIONES ONCOLOGICAS CARLOS III","ES","€2,495,466","Telomeres are protective structures at the chromosome ends essential for genome stability. Telomere biology is intricately linked with human cancer. Most cancer cells reactivate telomerase to avoid telomere loss associated to cell division. Targeting telomerase inhibition in cancer has shown very limited efficacy, alternative or additional mechanisms of telomere maintenance are thus at play in cancer. Recent evidence shows that components of the telomere-protecting shelterin complex are mutated ",{"id":103,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":104,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":105},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884584","Large Deviations in Random Matrix Theory","Large deviations theory develops the art of estimating the probability of rare events. The classical theory concentrates on the study of the probability of deviating from the behavior predicted by the  law of large numbers, namely the probability that the empirical mean of independent variables differs from its expectation. Such a classical framework does not apply in random matrix theory where one deals  with complicated functions of independent variables or strongly interacting random variable",{"id":107,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":108,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":109,"abstract":110},"cordis-european-research-council-award-835087","SpectroPhotometric Imaging in Astronomy with Kinetic Inductance Detectors","€3,109,215","The SPIAKID project will build a camera using Kinetic Inductance Detectors (KIDs) to equip an 8 m class telescope to derive ages and metallicities for stars in Ultra Faint Dwarf galaxies (UFDs) in the Local Group. UFDs are the key to understand early galaxy formation processes, including the properties of the first stars, and the role of environment and internal feedback in shaping the evolution of dwarf galaxies. A full exploitation of UFDs to understand these processes requires knowledge of th",{"id":112,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":113,"piName":10,"institution":114,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":116,"abstract":117},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885552","Investors and Climate Change","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","UK","€1,738,670","Should firms maximize financial value without regard to any environmental and social damages?  If not, how should shareholders convey their social and environmental preferences? And, how should investors form their portfolio strategies and engage with the companies they invest in to mitigate climate change and other externalities?  These are new fundamental questions firms and investors are confronted with in the face of accelerating climate change, and the new role financial markets are expecte",{"id":119,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":120,"piName":10,"institution":114,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":121,"abstract":122},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884596","p-adic Langlands and the Emerton-Gee stack","€2,195,110","Connections between automorphic forms and p-adic Galois representations are at the heart of the Langlands program and are the source of many of the most important advances in number theory. The most powerful technique for proving these connections is the use of automorphy lifting theorems. These theorems are well established in the two dimensional case, but are much weaker in higher dimensions, due to a lack of understanding of the corresponding Galois deformation rings.  I propose to use a comp",{"id":124,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":125,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":126,"abstract":127},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833350","Revealing 1D ballistic charge and spin currents in second order topological insulators","€2,432,676","One of the greatest recent achievement in Condensed matter physics is the discovery of a new class of materials, Topological Insulators (TI), whose bulk is insulating, while the edges conduct current in a quasi-ideal way. In particular, the 1D edges of 2DTI realize the Quantum Spin Hall state, where current is carried dissipationlessly by two counter-propagating ballistic edge states with a spin orientation locked to that of the propagation direction (a helical edge state). This opens many possi",{"id":129,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":130,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":131,"abstract":132},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885746","Neural origins of mind reading","€2,377,325","Human thoughts have no mass and remain definitely hidden from others view. Still, we are remarkable at predicting others mental states from observable phenomena. Sensitivity to eye cues enables us, for example, to detect the presence of other minds, assess theirs content and interact with them through eye contact, gaze following and joint attention. Emerging in early infancy, these competences are precursor to later mentalizing abilities and are known to depend upon a set of cerebral structures ",{"id":134,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":135,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":136,"abstract":137},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883605","Identifying the steps required for meiotic DNA double-strand break formation","€2,170,000","At the onset of prophase of the first meiotic division, meiotic cells undergo complex molecular events with the induction of several hundred DNA double-strand breaks. These DNA breaks are required because they initiate recombination between homologous chromosomes and to allow chromosome segregation during meiosis. They are essential for fertility. However, they represent a major challenge for genome integrity.It is thought that meiotic DNA break formation is under tight control to ensure that al",{"id":139,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":140,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":141,"abstract":142},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885593","COupling data and techniques for BReakthroughs in EXoplanetary systems exploration","€2,495,266","Exoplanetology has become a major topic in astronomy over the last 30 years. New observing capabilities andmodelling have revolutionised the understanding of how planetary systems form and evolve. Yet, the 5-20 auregion, where the giant planets formed by accretion of gas on to a solid core are supposed to form predominantly, remains barely explored due to instrumental limitations. GAIA and the E-ELT instruments will be well suited to explore planetary systems at this scale. However, I believe th",{"id":144,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":145,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":147},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882450","Micro-scale dependent, time- and space-evolving rheologies: the key for generating strain localization in the Earth","€2,500,000","RhEoVOLUTION proposes a revolution in how we define rheology (the equations relating forces to deformation) in geodynamical models. It aims at predicting the onset and evolution of strain localization. Modeling spontaneous ductile strain localization has been impossible so far, because it depends on processes active at the mm scale, which cannot be explicitly simulated in geodynamical models. The tools we designed and propose to develop in RhEoVOLUTION will make it possible.We will bridge scales",{"id":149,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":150,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":151,"abstract":152},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833632","Survival of Hadean REmnants in a Dynamic mantle","€3,468,768","Plate tectonics drives the formation and destruction of crust and introduces surface material into the deep Earth, while mantle convection mixes materials back together, erasing their diversity. Geochemical heterogeneities in modern volcanics indicate the survival of Hadean (≈ 4.5 Ga) remnants, and their mare existence raises first-order questions: What is the nature of the material carrying the odd geochemical signatures? How can Hadean material survive in an actively convecting mantle? What ar",{"id":154,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":155,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":156},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885090","Holographic control of visual circuits","The aim of this research program is to produce novel all-optical technologies to explore brain functions at the mesoscopic scale with cellular resolution opening a new phase in optogenetics that I named circuit optogenetics. Revealing the neural codes supporting specific mammalian brain functions is a daunting task demanding to relate in vivo the individual activities of large numbers of neurons recorded jointly within collectives that form distinct nodes of a network and to perform precisely ta",{"id":158,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":159,"piName":10,"institution":160,"country":161,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":162},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885729","1,000 ancient genomes: gene-economy innovation in cattle, sheep and goat","THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN","IE","The genetic threads of goat, cattle and sheep ancestry have been woven by human breeding, environmental pressures, hybridisation and the chance effects of genetic drift. The ancestral weaves of these key animals intertwine with human creativity in the most profoundly innovative episodes of the human past. Three broad episodes of particular import were: initial domestications circa 11 kya in Southwest Asia; the intensification circa 6 kya of use of those animal products which are harvested withou",{"id":164,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":165,"piName":10,"institution":166,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":168},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883684","Bottom up biophysics approach to resolve the looping structure of chromosomes","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","NL","How is DNA spatially organized in our cells? What are the mechanisms that shape chromosomes and how does their 3D architecture direct their function? Recent years have shown that the spatial structure of the genome is of pivotal importance for its biological function. Yet, the basic physics of the formation and regulation of its 3D structure has remained unclear. This proposal aims to understand the fundamental structure of chromosomes using a bottom up biophysics approach, from looping at the s",{"id":170,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":171,"piName":10,"institution":166,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":172},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884778","Impulsive Flows - beyond velocity and acceleration","My goal is to investigate impulsive flows that occur both in nature and technological applications, where fluid is accelerated due to sudden motion of an object or boundary, which leads to an additional instationary drag or lift forces. This project will shed new light on the understanding of the fundamental properties and flow physics of these impulsive flows. Theoretical concepts that are used today, do not go much beyond those laid down almost 100 years ago. With todays level of technology an",{"id":174,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":175,"piName":10,"institution":176,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":177,"abstract":178},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834271","Climatic Controls on Erosion Rates and  Relief of Mountain Belts","UNIVERSITAET POTSDAM","€2,730,184","Quantifying the feedbacks between tectonic processes in the lithosphere and climatic processes in the atmosphere is an overarching goal in Earth-Systems research, as it underpins our ability to differentiate natural from anthropogenic climate forcing. Long-term cooling during the Cenozoic has been linked to the growth of mountain belts, which enhanced erosion, chemical weathering, organic-carbon burial and drawdown of atmospheric CO2. Conversely, it has been proposed that the cooler and more var",{"id":180,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":181,"piName":10,"institution":182,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":183,"abstract":184},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885137","Making Ancestors: The Politics of Death in Prehistoric Europe","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€1,943,548","How did politics and inequality work in prehistoric Europe? Traditionally, politics has been seen in terms of discrete political ranks identified through differential treatment of individual burials. But this results in classifying much of prehistory, where the dead were treated in ways which effaced individual identity, as egalitarian. The result is an artificially dichotomous history: Neolithic people had landscapes, rituals and ancestors, Bronze and Iron Age people had politics and inequality",{"id":186,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":187,"piName":10,"institution":188,"country":189,"year":13,"amount":190,"abstract":191},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833275","Probing the history of matter in deep time","KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET","DK","€2,495,496","The solar system represents the archetype for the formation of rocky planets and habitable worlds. A full understanding of its formation and earliest evolution is thus one of the most fundamental goals in natural sciences. The only tangible record of the formative stages of the solar system comes from ancient meteorites and their components some of which date back to the to the birth of our Sun. The main objective of this proposal is to investigate the timescales and processes leading to the for",{"id":193,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":194,"piName":10,"institution":195,"country":99,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":196},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883756","Escaping from Flatland by “de novo” Catalytic Decarboxylation Techniques","FUNDACIO INSTITUT CATALA D'INVESTIGACIO QUIMICA","Although cross-coupling reactions have become one of the pillars of modern chemical synthesis, the ability to forge sp3–sp3 bonds with improved flexibility, practicality, predictable site-selectivity, preparative utility, stereocontrol and with nearly zero-generation of waste has eluded chemists for decades, remaining a major challenge and an uncharted cartography in catalytic endeavours. The successful realization of this goal will represent a paradigm shift from the standard logic of organic s",{"id":198,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":199,"piName":10,"institution":200,"country":201,"year":13,"amount":202,"abstract":203},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885285","Twentieth-Century International Economic Thinking, and the Complex History of Globalization","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","IT","€2,342,600","Today globalization, the integration of the world's economies, is blamed for crises of corporate excess, gaping economic inequality and revived populist nationalisms; to understand its complex history is more pressing than ever. ECOINT advances an innovative approach to the study of the struggles over economic ideas that have fashioned the paths to globalization. It shifts our focus from international economic thought as an unanchored field of ideas, to international economic thinking, generated",{"id":205,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":206,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":209,"abstract":210},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883746","Convergence of positive and negative reinforcement in fentanyl addiction","UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE","CH","€2,499,748","F-Addict strives to unravel the neural circuits driving compulsion in fentanyl addiction. We ask the question how fentanyl causes fast transition from medical or recreational controlled drug use to compulsive consumption. About a third of opioid users eventually loose control, which increases the risk of death by overdose; a number that is even higher for fentanyl and definitely exceeds the transition observed with psychostimulants. The neural correlate of this difference remains elusive. We pos",{"id":212,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":213,"piName":10,"institution":214,"country":161,"year":13,"amount":215,"abstract":216},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884951","European Migrants in the British Imagination: Victorian and Neo-Victorian Culture","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN","€2,498,126","What can the large scale literary datasets now available tell us about the ways in which national cultures develop and the role of migration in that development? This project seeks to push beyond the frontiers of current understanding of the role of migration and migrants in the dynamics of cultural change and continuity, examining intra-European migration in the Victorian period through the macroscope' of text mining and the microscopes of literary scholarship. During the Victorian period Brita",{"id":218,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":219,"piName":10,"institution":200,"country":201,"year":13,"amount":220,"abstract":221},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884910","The Memory of Financial Crises: Financial Actors and Global Risk","€2,354,381","This project explores the extent to which the memory, or absence of memory, of previous financial crises can explain practices threatening the stability of the financial system. This will provide a major contribution to the understanding of the causes of financial crises, in particular the Global Financial Crisis, by helping to understand the behaviour of financial agents, marked by recurrent waves of over-confidence and excessive risk-taking, and why regulators fail to maintain financial stabil",{"id":223,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":224,"piName":10,"institution":225,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":226},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883781","The human retina at single cell resolution: functional architecture, disease mechanism and therapy development","INSTITUT FUR MOLEKULARE UND KLINISCHE OPHTHALMOLOGIE BASEL","Vision is of key importance for humans and losing vision has a major effect on day-to-day life. Vision starts in the retina, where an image captured by photoreceptors is processed by retinal circuits built from more than hundred cell types. Information flows from the retina via the thalamus to a number of cortical areas. Despite the large number of cortical neurons involved in vision, most blinding diseases originate in the retina and are cell-type specific. Although the vertebrate retina has a ",{"id":228,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":229,"piName":10,"institution":230,"country":231,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":232},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833522","Replaying the ‘genome duplication’ tape of life: the importance of polyploidy for adaptation in a changing environment","VIB VZW","BE","Thousands of species are polyploid. However, the long-term establishment of organisms that have undergone ancient whole genome duplications (WGDs) has been exceedingly rare and when we analyse the genomes of plants and animals, we can, at most, find evidence for a very limited number of WGDs that survived on the longer term. The paucity of (established) ancient genome duplications and the existence of so many species that are currently polyploid provides a fascinating paradox. There is growing e",{"id":234,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":235,"piName":10,"institution":166,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":236,"abstract":237},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882848","Quantum Dot Fermi-Hubbard Emulators","€3,449,720","We propose to use semiconductor quantum dot arrays as a well-controlled model system for emulating the Fermi-Hubbard Hamiltonian. In its simplest form, this Hamiltonian contains just two terms, describing hopping of fermions between adjacent sites in a lattice and an interaction energy for two fermions to occupy the same site. Despite its simplicity, this Hamiltonian produces a wealth of many-body physics phenomena, from exotic forms of magnetism to superconductivity. Their intricate quantum cor",{"id":239,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":240,"piName":10,"institution":241,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":242,"abstract":243},"cordis-european-research-council-award-788113","The Formation of the First Galaxies and Reionization with the James Webb Space Telescope","THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","€1,951,138","Within the first few hundred million years after the Big-Bang the first galaxies and stars were born.  Sometime soon after, these first objects produced enough energetic photons to reionization the neutral gas in the universe. This frontier of early galaxy assembly has not yet been observed, but will be uncovered by deep imaging and spectroscopy taken with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST).  Key problems include: how the very first galaxies were assembled, and evolved, in their first few Gyr",{"id":245,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":246,"piName":10,"institution":247,"country":231,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":248},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834044","DISSECT: Evidence in International Human Rights Adjudication","UNIVERSITEIT GENT","Evidence is at the heart of adjudication, and adjudication at the heart of the international protection of human rights. Yet evidence in international human rights (IHR) adjudication has never been comprehensively studied. Benefiting from the support of highest-level figures in the relevant institutions, DISSECT is a ground-breaking research programme which will capture the evidentiary regimes in place in the world’s three regional human rights courts and in UN human rights quasi-judicial bodies",{"id":250,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":251,"piName":10,"institution":252,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":253,"abstract":254},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884760","The Final 21-cm Cosmology Frontier","RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN","€3,499,965","Radiation emitted by neutral hydrogen during the Universe's first billion years holds detailed information about its first stars, galaxies, black holes and fundamental physics. Achieving a detection of its faint 21-cm signal, currently redshifted to several meter wavelengths, has been extremely difficult due to the bright radio emission from other sources, human-made interference signals, the ionosphere, and telescope imperfections. It thus remains one of the hardest frontiers in present-day cos",{"id":256,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":257,"piName":10,"institution":258,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":259,"abstract":260},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834317","Deciphering the Role of Huntingtin in Energy Supply for Axonal Transport in Health and Huntington’s Disease","UNIVERSITE GRENOBLE ALPES","€2,369,941","Fast axonal transport (FAT) of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is essential for brain function. It depends on huntingtin (HTT), the protein that when mutated causes Huntington’s disease (HD), a devastating and still incurable disorder. Unmet scientific needs: BDNF is regulated by neuronal activity and its transport requires energy. Yet we do not know if FAT of BDNF is regulated by neuronal activity and if HTT facilitates activity-dependent transport. The energy sources for FAT of BDNF a",{"id":262,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":263,"piName":10,"institution":264,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":265,"abstract":266},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885040","Text, materiality, and multiculturalism at the crossroads of the ancient Mediterranean","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","€2,484,953","‘Crossreads’ will offer the first coherent account of the interactions and interplay of linguistic and textual material culture in ancient Sicily over a period of 1,500 years. Sicily was a multilingual, multicultural region at the crossroads of the ancient Mediterranean, colonised and invaded repeatedly by Phoenicians, Greeks, and Romans. History has traditionally prioritised literary texts, creating a Helleno- and Romanocentric narrative, which often relegates the island to a footnote. However,",{"id":268,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":269,"piName":10,"institution":264,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":270,"abstract":271},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883363","Nonlocal PDEs for Complex Particle Dynamics: Phase Transitions, Patterns and Synchronization","€2,478,560","This proposal focuses on the development of new mathematical tools to analyse theoretical, numerical andmodelling aspects of novel applications of nonlinear nonlocal aggregation-diffusion equations in Mathematical Biology and in classical problems of kinetic theory. Among the numerous areas of applications of kinetic modelling in Mathematical Biology, we will concentrate on phenomena identified, at the modelling stage, as systems involving a large number of individuals showing collective behavio",{"id":273,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":274,"piName":10,"institution":264,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":275,"abstract":276},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834164","Division of Labour and the Evolution of Complexity","€2,491,766","Division of labour is fundamental to the evolution of life on earth, allowing genes to work together to form genomes, cells to build organisms, pathogens to escape immune attack, and eusocial insect societies to achieve ecological dominance. Consequently, if we want to understand how life on earth evolved, we need to understand why division of labour does or, just as importantly, does not evolve.  There are two major outstanding problems for our understanding of division of labour: First, how ca",{"id":278,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":279,"piName":10,"institution":264,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":280,"abstract":281},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885632","A structure-function analysis to discover how receptor conformations and interactions determine semaphorin-neuropilin-plexin signalling outputs.","€2,083,825","During the development of a multicellular organism cell guidance proteins interact with their cognate cell surface receptors to guide cells to their correct location. Such functions continue to be essential in the adult to maintain tissue homeostasis. Semaphorins use plexins as their main receptors for signalling and the semaphorin and plexin families together constitute one of the largest and functionally diverse of the cell guidance systems in vertebrates. We have gained some insight into the ",{"id":283,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":284,"piName":10,"institution":264,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":285,"abstract":286},"cordis-european-research-council-award-789056","Finding the most distant galaxies with NIRSpec guaranteed time on the James Webb Space Telescope","€2,049,961","Over the past 15 years, my team have pushed the frontier for the most distant known objects to higher redshifts, exploring galaxies when the Universe was young using the Hubble Space Telescope and large ground-based telescopes. As well as discovering galaxies within the first billion years (90percent of the way back in time to the Big Bang), our knowledge of the composition of the Universe has also grown - dark matter and dark energy dictate the expansion history and initial collapse of structur",{"id":288,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":289,"piName":10,"institution":264,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":290,"abstract":291},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885606","Nanoscale Aromaticity and Supramolecular Electronic Materials","€2,491,625","ARO-MAT will target emergent cooperative electronic and magnetic phenomena in molecules with dimensions of 5–25 nm (i.e. as big as many proteins). The project will develop supramolecular architectures with large pi-systems and well-defined geometries, in which the frontier orbitals coherently delocalize charge over the whole nanostructure. Aromaticity is a key emergent phenomenon; it can be defined as the ability of a cyclic molecule to sustain a ring current when placed in a magnetic field. Unt",{"id":293,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":294,"piName":10,"institution":295,"country":99,"year":13,"amount":296,"abstract":297},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833106","Silk-based ocular implants: treating eye conditions at the interface of photonics and biology","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","€2,499,610","Prevalent eye diseases, such as myopia, presbyopia, and corneal disease affect millions worldwide, but for now cannot be prevented. Surgical interventions of these conditions are turning to additive surgery, exemplified by corneal implants or the replacement of the natural crystalline lens by (or addition of) an intraocular lens, as it reduces complications of tissue removal surgeries. Current eye treatments involving adding tissue or lenses exist in the form of amnion bandages, corneal inlays, ",{"id":299,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":300,"piName":10,"institution":301,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":302,"abstract":303},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882500","Engineering Scalable Algorithms for the Basic Toolbox ScAlBox","KARLSRUHER INSTITUT FUER TECHNOLOGIE","€2,498,785","ScAlBox aims at basic algorithmic tools that can be used in a wide spectrum of applications and that scale orders of magnitude better than the state of the art with respect to input size or number of processors.In the last decades, we witness the transition into the information age with profound effects on science, technology, and our daily life. This transition is driven by a growing spectrum of computer applications that process larger and larger data sets using increasingly complex algorithms",{"id":305,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":306,"piName":10,"institution":307,"country":308,"year":13,"amount":309,"abstract":310},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882894","The Wall: People and Ecology in Medieval Mongolia and China","THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM","IL","€2,499,750","Why did some (but not all) Chinese dynasties invest huge amount of resources in the construction of Great Walls? The proposed project will focus on precisely that question, in an attempt to unravel what is perhaps the most enigmatic episode of Great Wall construction. Roughly dated to the 10th-13th centuries CE and located far to the north of other Great Wall lines, this Medieval Wall System (MWS) is one of the longest walls ever constructed in world history, stretching over more than 3,500 km a",{"id":312,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":313,"piName":10,"institution":314,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":315},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885146","Rheology of yield stress fluids: a multiscale approach","UNIVERSITY OF DURHAM","Yield stress fluids defy our conventional notions of liquid and solid, keeping their shape as soft solids at low loads, yet yielding and flowing like liquids at larger loads. They can then suffer arbitrarily large deformations in this liquid state, but will recover a solid state if the load is removed. Their internal microstructure and macroscopic shape are thus determined directly by the processing history they experience. Such materials are all around us: in colloids, microgels, emulsions, foa",{"id":317,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":318,"piName":10,"institution":319,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":320,"abstract":321},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833460","MOlecules as Probes of the Physics of EXternal galaxies","UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN","€2,461,503","Molecules pervade the cooler, denser parts of our Universe, in particular the reservoirs of the matter that forms stars and planets, and the gas in the centres of galaxies. In the Milky Way we routinely use molecules to discover and explore these regions and the more complex the chemistry, the more details of the gas the molecules reveal. There are one hundred billion galaxies in the observable Universe. About 200 or so are our neighbours. However, due to their distance, we are still not able to",{"id":323,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":324,"piName":10,"institution":325,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":326,"abstract":327},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885180","Molecular Bose Einstein Condensate","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT DORTMUND","€2,499,990","Generating a Bose Einstein Condensate (BEC) or Fermi gas of molecules is a long-standing goal of modern molecular science. Molecular BEC is a macroscopic millimeter-size quantum object with a large number of molecules occupying the lowest center-of-mass quantum state. In stark contrast to atoms, molecules possess internal degrees of freedom and stronger interactions that lead to the emergence of new phenomena. Strong dipole-dipole interactions give rise to new ordered states of matter, quantum c",{"id":329,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":330,"piName":10,"institution":331,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":332,"abstract":333},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885418","African Abolitionism: The Rise and Transformations of Anti-Slavery in Africa","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON","€2,499,951","The historiography of Euro-American abolitionism is so vast that it has a history of its own (Brown 2006). By contrast, research on African abolitionism is a narrow field focused primarily on European anti-slavery activities. It presupposes that when Europe abolished slavery in Africa, Africans became abolitionists. This conclusion is unfounded. Many general questions have never been asked: When and where did African abolitionist movements develop? Who are the main ideologues of African abolitio",{"id":335,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":336,"piName":10,"institution":314,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":337,"abstract":338},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883107","Algorithmic Societies: Ethical Life in the Machine Learning Age","€2,150,686","ALGOSOC develops a new approach to understanding and responding to the consequences of machine learning algorithms for contemporary societies. Rapid advancements in machine learning technologies are transforming social and political life in ways that uniquely challenge how we live in relation to others. The life chances of a person are now intimately connected to the attributes that an algorithm has learned from the data patterns of unknown others. From judgements in the criminal justice system ",{"id":340,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":341,"piName":10,"institution":342,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":343},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883425","Biomedical Applications of Radioactive ion Beams","GSI HELMHOLTZZENTRUM FUR SCHWERIONENFORSCHUNG GMBH","Cancer remains one of the main causes of death worldwide. In 2018, >50% cancer patients in Europe underwent radiotherapy. While over 80% were treated using high-energy X-rays, the number of patients receiving accelerated protons or heavy ions (charged particle therapy: CPT) is rapidly growing, with nearly 200,000 patients treated up till now. Although CPT offers a better depth-dose distribution compared to common X-ray based techniques, range uncertainty and poor image guidance still limit its a",{"id":345,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":346,"piName":10,"institution":314,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":347,"abstract":348},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885205","Interglacial Collapse of Ice Sheets revealed by  Subglacial Drilling of Bedrock","€3,430,317","The West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) stores a substantial volume of freshwater on land. It is thought to be inherently unstable and so projections of future sea level rise require robust numerical ice sheet models, fully calibrated against geological data. The WAIS is widely believed to have collapsed in past warm interglacial periods, raising sea level by up to 3.3m, but perhaps surprisingly we do not yet have direct evidence of collapse from Antarctica that can be securely dated. Instead global",{"id":350,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":351,"piName":10,"institution":188,"country":189,"year":13,"amount":352,"abstract":353},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834540","The Political Economy of Distraction in Digitized Denmark","€2,499,315","Bridging anthropology, sociology, economics, psychology, political science, and data science, DISTRACT combines advanced data science tools and established social science analysis to explore a pressing challenge: the ever more alluring distractions of human attention in the age of smartphones and other digitized technologies.  DISTRACT departs from five linked hypotheses: 1) The attention is commonly (by scholars and laymen) seen as finite; ⇒ (2) As such, it is a scarce resource that is subject ",{"id":355,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":356,"piName":10,"institution":252,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":357,"abstract":358},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885396","Designer enzymes featuring unnatural amino acids as catalytic residue","€2,499,996","Biocatalysis is a key component of the transition towards a more sustainable and “greener” chemistry. Surprisingly, natural enzymes use only a relatively small section of “reaction space”, that is, only limited number of reaction classes. This in marked contrast to the vast reaction space available to the synthetic chemist. Therefore, it is highly desirable to have enzymes available for the catalysis of these abiological reactions. With the advent of robust expanded genetic code methodologies, i",{"id":360,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":361,"piName":10,"institution":362,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":363,"abstract":364},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882793","Finding the Origin of Gas in Galaxies with MeerKAT","STICHTING NEDERLANDSE WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK INSTITUTEN","€2,498,811","Neutral hydrogen drives galaxy evolution. It is the fuel for star formation. However, there is not enough present in galaxies to sustain star formation over the lifetime of the universe. Galaxies must acquire their gas from an external source through an  as yet  undetected process. MeerGas will identify how galaxies replenish their gas supply and will thereby deepen our understanding of galaxy evolution. Simulations suggest that filaments of gas, which transfer intergalactic material, feed many ",{"id":366,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":367,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":368},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833925","STARs at the EXtreme","The first stars in the Universe are extreme objects. Extreme in their composition: they are made of material having been processed only by the Big Bang nucleosynthesis, and having a content in dark matter likely very different from the one of the present-day stars. Extreme in their properties: one of the most important properties is their mass that might reach values as high as even 100 000 solar masses (supermassive black-hole seeds). Their properties may differ from the today massive star popu",{"id":370,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":371,"piName":10,"institution":372,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":373,"abstract":374},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883811","Material Constraints Enabling Human Cognition","FREIE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN","€2,499,580","Recent breakthroughs in comparative neurobiological research highlight specific features of the connectivity structure of the human brain, which open new perspectives on understanding the neural mechanisms of human-specific higher cognition and language. In delineating the material basis of human cognition and language, neurobiologically founded modelling appears as the method of choice, as it allows not only for external fitting of models to key experimental data, but, in addition, for internal",{"id":376,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":377,"piName":10,"institution":200,"country":201,"year":13,"amount":378,"abstract":379},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882549","Social politics in European borderlands: A comparative and transnational study, 1870s-1990s","€2,499,682","This project seeks to reframe the history of welfare and social care in modern Europe by restoring to view the contributions of local actors  primarily families and associations  to shaping welfare systems in three European borderlands: Galicia, the North-eastern Adriatic and the Franco\u002FBelgian\u002FGerman border regions. By focusing on the interactions among local actors and following developments from the late 19th century to the 1990s, this project turns our attention to the co-construction of wel",{"id":381,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":382,"piName":10,"institution":331,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":383,"abstract":384},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883830","ExoMolHD:  Precision spectroscopic data for studies of exoplanets and other hot atmospheres","€2,486,340","It is just over two decades since the first extrasolar planet was discovered; we have learnt that such planets are ubiquitous with (nearly?) every star in our local neighbourhood supporting a planetary system. These newly-discovered  planets are generally unlike those in our Solar System. Astronomers have taken the first steps in characterising exoplanetary atmospheres through spectroscopy. The advent of new space missions, such as Ariel and WFIRST, and high performance observatories from space ",{"id":386,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":387,"piName":10,"institution":388,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":389},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883582","Linking within-host and between-host evolution of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis","SCHWEIZERISCHES TROPEN UND PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUT","Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiologic agent of tuberculosis (TB), is the main cause of human deaths due to infection in general, and to antimicrobial resistance in particular. Little is known on the within-host evolution of Mtb. Theory predicts that in chronic infections like TB, short-sighted evolution operates in the light of a trade-off between virulence and transmission. This trade-off is particularly relevant in the context of drug resistance, given the fitness costs of resistance",{"id":391,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":392,"piName":10,"institution":393,"country":231,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":394},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885093","Tracking and Targeting Tumor States at single-cell resolution in real time in vivo","UNIVERSITE LIBRE DE BRUXELLES","It is now widely recognized that within a tumor, not all cancer cells are alike and different tumor states (TS) exist. This process is known as tumor heterogeneity. Some cancer cells actively proliferate, while others differentiate, migrate and give rise to metastasis, or enter in a dormant state and resist to chemotherapy. The identification of distinct TS and the mechanisms that regulate their identities and functions is critical for our understanding of tumor heterogeneity. The different TS c",{"id":396,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":397,"piName":10,"institution":398,"country":399,"year":13,"amount":400,"abstract":401},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833691","Women’s labour activism in Eastern Europe and transnationally, from the age of empires to the late 20th century","CEU GMBH","AT","€2,499,947","ZARAH explores the history of women’s labour activism and organizing to improve labour conditions and life circumstances of lower and working class women and their communities—moving these women from the margins of labour, gender, and European history to the centre of historical study.ZARAH’s research rationale is rooted in the interest in the interaction of gender, class, and other dimensions of difference (e.g. ethnicity and religion) as forces that shaped women’s activism. It addresses the ge",{"id":403,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":404,"piName":10,"institution":405,"country":99,"year":13,"amount":406,"abstract":407},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883069","Becoming a mother: An integrative model of adaptations for motherhood during pregnancy and the postpartum period.","UNIVERSITAT AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA","€2,465,131","Pregnancy involves biological adaptations that are necessary for the onset, maintenance and regulation of maternal behavior. We were the first group to find (1, 2) that pregnancy is associated with consistent, pronounced and long-lasting reductions in cerebral gray matter (GM) volume in areas of the social-cognition network. The aim of BEMOTHER is to develop an integrative model of the adaptations for motherhood that occur during pregnancy and the postpartum period by: i) establishing when the b",{"id":409,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":410,"piName":10,"institution":411,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":412,"abstract":413},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883730","Enhancing Global Clean Energy Services Using Orbiting Solar Reflectors","UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW","€2,496,392","The delivery of global clean energy services is arguably the preeminent engineering grand challenge for the 21st century. Indeed, it is clear that the unprecedented scale and pace of this challenge will require daring and disruptive new thinking. This project will devise, develop and demonstrate an adventurous strategy to enhance the delivery of global clean energy services using ultra-lightweight orbiting solar reflectors. The strategy will utilise a constellation of reflectors to illuminate la",{"id":415,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":416,"piName":10,"institution":417,"country":99,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":418},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834266","Certification of quantum technologies","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE CIENCIES FOTONIQUES","Given a quantum system, how can one ensure that it (i) is entangled? (ii) random? (iii) secure? (iv) performs a computation correctly? The concept of quantum certification embraces all these questions and CERQUTEs main goal is to provide the tools to achieve such certification. The need of a new paradigm for quantum certification has emerged as a consequence of the impressive advances on the control of quantum systems. On the one hand, complex many-body quantum systems are prepared in many labs ",{"id":420,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":421,"piName":10,"institution":422,"country":423,"year":13,"amount":424,"abstract":425},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883867","Explaining the winds of cool giant and supergiant stars with global 3D models","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","SE","€2,456,383","Without stellar winds, life as we know it would not exist. Critical elements like carbon are produced inside luminous cool giant stars, transported to the surface by turbulent gas flows, and ejected into interstellar space by massive outflows of gas and dust. Direct evidence for this scenario comes in the form of dust grains produced in the stellar winds, and detected in meteorites by their isotopic composition. Nevertheless, the current understanding of stellar winds is far from sufficient to d",{"id":427,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":428,"piName":10,"institution":429,"country":189,"year":13,"amount":430,"abstract":431},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885022","The Physics of Metal Plasticity","DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET","€2,496,793","The societal need to conserve materials and energy calls for lighter and stronger metal components. The advantage of metals is their unique combination of plasticity (i.e. formability) and strength, which is governed by their complex structure. This structure is organized hierarchically on several length scales. In contrast to functional materials and polymers, this complexity has led to the common theoretical framework being not physics, but an engineering science: metallurgy. As a result, phen",{"id":433,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":434,"piName":10,"institution":98,"country":99,"year":13,"amount":435,"abstract":436},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884699","Imaging, characterizing and targeting metastatic niches in melanoma","€2,497,945","Melanomas are the only tumors where lesions barely over one millimeter in depth can be at risk for metastasis. An increasing number of (epi)genetic alterations and mechanisms of immune evasion have been identified in this disease. Nevertheless, no molecular biomarker has been approved as a bona fide prognostic indicator. Progress in this field has been hampered by the paucity of models to visualize premetastatic niches in vivo, and monitor relapse after surgery. We have overcome these limitation",{"id":438,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":439,"piName":10,"institution":307,"country":308,"year":13,"amount":440,"abstract":441},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883552","Targeting cancer vulnerabilities in acute leukemia","€3,200,000","Background and rationale: Adult acute leukemias pose a great challenge to cancer therapy, with only few advances made in 50 years. As these malignancies are commonly associated with multiple epigenetic aberrations, epigenetic factors represent attractive leukemia drug targets. Nevertheless, most epigenetic-targeting drugs have displayed limited clinical benefit and key leukemia drivers like MYC, ERG and MYB remained mostly undruggable. We have developed a new class of small molecule kinase inhib",{"id":443,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":444,"piName":10,"institution":445,"country":161,"year":13,"amount":446,"abstract":447},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885695","SYNergistic SORBents","UNIVERSITY OF LIMERICK","€2,497,298","This is the “Age of Gas”; disruptive new technologies must develop around the use of gases as fuels, therapies or feedstock chemicals. Specifically, new approaches to gas storage (transportation and delivery) and purification (commodities) are urgently needed to address the large energy footprint, cost and\u002For risk associated with existing technologies (e.g. chemisorbents). In particular, water and chemical commodity purification are global challenges, each consuming > 10% of global energy output",{"id":449,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":450,"piName":10,"institution":247,"country":231,"year":13,"amount":451,"abstract":452},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884963","Nano-Ridge Engineering for Densely Integrated III-V Lasers Directly Grown on Silicon","€2,482,750","Although Silicon Photonics, i.e. using mature technologies from the CMOS-industry for realizing complex photonic ICs, progressed enormously, with industrial uptake by the biggest electronics manufactures, its real breakthrough, in e.g. large volume consumer applications or very short interconnects, is hampered by its lack of a true waferscale optical source. Combining aspect-ratio trapping, to suppress defects, and nano-ridge engineering, to shape the resulting material, we have developed a powe",{"id":454,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":455,"piName":10,"institution":456,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":457,"abstract":458},"cordis-european-research-council-award-835312","Plasticity of the Pluripotency Network","THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER","€2,499,970","A few days after fertilisation mammalian embryos form a blastocyst comprised of three tissues; trophoblast and hypoblast are the forebears of extraembryonic structures, while naive epiblast cell are the pluripotent source of the embryo proper. Classical mouse embryological studies indicate that lineage potencies are determined concomitant with segregation of the three founder tissues. Textbook definitions of pluripotency thus exclude extraembryonic potential. Consistent with this paradigm, mouse",{"id":460,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":461,"piName":10,"institution":182,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":462,"abstract":463},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884745","Photon-photon and spin-spin Entanglement using Diamond-based impurity Elements: Silicon, Tin And Lead","€2,478,734","Quantum technologies promise revolutionary capabilities in processing information and transmitting with security over a network certified by the principles of quantum physics. The key hardware element of a quantum network is the ‘node’, where a stationary qubit cluster perform primitive processes and communicate with other nodes by exchanging flying qubits. The interfacing between the stationary qubit cluster and the flying qubits is realised by a special ‘broker qubit’. Today, the most competit",{"id":465,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":466,"piName":10,"institution":467,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":468,"abstract":469},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882357","Structural biology of chromatin transcription","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€2,017,500","Transcription of protein-coding genes by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) governs cell identity and fate. We previously provided the structural basis of Pol II transcription initiation (ERC Advanced Grant TRANSIT: Sainsbury, Nature 2012; Lariviere, Nature 2012, Plaschka, Nature 2015) and of Pol II elongation regulation (ERC Advanced Grant TRANSREGULON: Vos, Nature 2018; Vos & Farnung, Nature 2018). These studies elucidated the mechanisms of transcription regulation. However, they were conducted on nak",{"id":471,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":472,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":473},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884449","MEtabolic Cell Reprogramming for the Recovery of Lost INsulin-Producing Cells","My group aims at fostering the regeneration of insulin-producing -cells in the diabetic pancreas by promoting the reprogramming of other islet endocrine non- cells. I will use mice and human islets to trigger the metabolic reprogramming of: i) peripheral organs, in order to reduce hyperglycemia, and ii) human islet non--cells, to induce their acquisition of insulin secretion.I developed transgenics to elicit total (>99%) or graded (5-90%) -cell loss. These mice revealed that non--cells, which pr",{"id":475,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":476,"piName":10,"institution":477,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":478,"abstract":479},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834172","Syzygies, moduli and topological invariants of groups","HUMBOLDT-UNIVERSITAET ZU BERLIN","€2,147,202","This is a proposal aimed at harvesting interconnections between algebraic geometry and geometric group theory using syzygies. The impetus of the proposal is the recent breakthrough in which, inspired by rational homotopy theory, we introduced Koszul modules as novel homological objects  establishing striking connections between algebraic geometry and geometric group theory. Deep statements in geometric group theory have startling counterparts in algebraic geometry and these connection led to a r",{"id":481,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":482,"piName":10,"institution":483,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":484},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882789","Coenzyme- and metabolite-linked RNAs as a new paradigm in epitranscriptomics","RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG","Background: RNA is an important regulator in biology. Recently we discovered the ubiquitous redox coenzyme nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) to be attached to bacterial RNAs in a cap-like manner, and to modulate the functions of these RNAs, and others identified NAD-RNAs in eukaryotes. Enzymes were discovered that synthesize or break down NAD-RNAs.Scientific problems: NAD is just one of many coenzymes and metabolic intermediates that carry a nucleotide moiety which is not involved in the c",{"id":486,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":487,"piName":10,"institution":488,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":489},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882631","Deciphering the unconventional receptor binding and modulation activity of bat influenza A viruses","UNIVERSITAETSKLINIKUM FREIBURG","Influenza A viruses (IAVs) are zoonotic pathogens that frequently cross the species barrier into humans, often causing severe morbidity and even global pandemics. This cross-species transmission is facilitated in large part by alterations in the interaction between the viral surface proteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) and sialic acid, a ubiquitous glycan that serves as the cellular entry receptor. Although avian hosts have generally been thought to be the primary reservoir for all",{"id":491,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":492,"piName":10,"institution":493,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":494},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885711","Structural Biology of Human Ribosome Biogenesis","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","The emergence of numerous diseases caused by defective assembly of ribosomes calls for a deeper understanding of human ribosome biogenesis. Yet, in human cells the assembly of ribosomal subunits is a vital process of daunting complexity, which requires several hundreds of assembly factors (AFs). Together with small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) these factors facilitate a cascade of modification, processing and folding events of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) that are tightly coordinated with the incorporat",{"id":496,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":497,"piName":10,"institution":498,"country":26,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":499},"cordis-european-research-council-award-835300","Multivalent interactions driving RNP dynamics in development and disease","KEMIJSKI INSTITUT","Ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) play many key regulatory roles in development. Moreover, mutations causing cancer or neurodegenerative diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), often occur in RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). These mutations are concentrated in the intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs), which play a central role in the control of RNP assembly and disassembly. RNP dynamics is often driven by multivalent interactions that are mediated by multiple elements within IDRs ",{"id":501,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":502,"piName":10,"institution":503,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":504,"abstract":505},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884847","Historical Migrations, Trade, and Growth","FONDATION NATIONALE DES SCIENCES POLITIQUES","€1,414,829","Do international migrations foster economic dynamism and growth? Does the presence of immigrants and their descendants alter the attitudes and actions of natives towards foreigners? How do cities emerge and survive? Does economic growth increase wellbeing in the long run? These are but a few of the questions that I explore in this proposed research. The unifying theme of this research is to test the hypothesis that direct contact between individuals affects preferences and technologies. This res",{"id":507,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":508,"piName":10,"institution":509,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":510,"abstract":511},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885475","Re-orienting development: the dynamics and effects of Chinese infrastructure investment in Europe","THE OPEN UNIVERSITY","€2,497,726","REDEFINE will examine what Chinas rise means for how we understand global development and, specifically, Europes place in it. After 15 years of going out to access raw materials and new markets, often in the global South, China is making assertive moves into developed economies, which were boosted by the Belt and Road Initiative linking China to Europe. At the same time, many European economies stagnated following the 2008 financial crisis with governments cutting infrastructure investment and s",{"id":513,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":514,"piName":10,"institution":515,"country":308,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":516},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884316","Systemic Induced Root Exudation of Metabolites: A Multimodal Approach to Uncover Root Signaling Mechanisms and the Chemical Language used by Plants to Shape the Rhizosphere Microbiome","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","The prosperity of plants and human beings is dependent on the outer layer of soil that makes up our planets shell. Curiously, a significant portion of plants' most precious elements, carbon and nitrogen, is secreted by roots into soil in the form of chemically-rich exudates. This is not merely 'dumping' of waste but rather the chemical language of plants, used in their underground communication with billions of detrimental and beneficial microorganisms. Yet, an important question remains to date",{"id":518,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":519,"piName":10,"institution":520,"country":521,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":522},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882971","From Geometry to Combinatorics and Back: Escaping the Curse of Dimensionality","HUN-REN RENYI ALFRED MATEMATIKAI KUTATOINTEZET","HU","Combinatorics is a fundamental mathematical discipline whose study has experienced unprecedented growth during the past few decades. Its rapid development can be partially explained by spectacular applications of extremal combinatorics in additive number theory, information theory, theoretical computer science, and elsewhere. Asymptotic results in extremal and probabilistic combinatorics have proved to be powerful tools in the structural and algorithmic analysis of huge networks such as the inte",{"id":524,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":525,"piName":10,"institution":526,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":527,"abstract":528},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883583","Ocean deoxygenation effects on threatened top predators: New understanding and predictions from novel bio-logging instruments and data","MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM","€3,110,111","Climate-driven reductions in dissolved oxygen (DO) of the global ocean interior (ocean deoxygenation) is leading to expansion of permanent oxygen minimum zones (OMZ) that comprise about 7% of ocean volume. Impacts on marine animal distributions and abundance may be particularly significant for high-oxygen-demand top predators, such as warm-bodied tunas and sharks, by reducing habitat volumes as OMZs expand (habitat compression) and concentrating fish further in surface waters where they become m",{"id":530,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":531,"piName":10,"institution":532,"country":201,"year":13,"amount":533,"abstract":534},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884676","QUantum advantage via non-linear BOSon Sampling","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA LA SAPIENZA","€2,875,000","After decades of progress in quantum information science, it is widely expected that in the next few years the field will start to yield practical applications in quantum chemistry, materials and pharmaceutical research, information security, and finance. For these applications to pan out, a crucial intermediate goal is to reach the quantum advantage regime, where quantum devices experimentally outperform classical computers in some computational task. The Boson Sampling problem is an example of",{"id":536,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":537,"piName":10,"institution":538,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":539,"abstract":540},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885579","Reverse Scale-Crossing Effects In Biology","UNIVERSITAT ZURICH","€2,411,075","The central dogma in biology often invokes a bottom-up picture of life. However, at different biological scales, new properties in form and function arise that have a superseding causal impact on the behaviour of the lower-scale components from which these new properties emerge. These top-down or reverse scale-crossing effects must be taken into account in order to make predictions about spatiotemporally controlled single-cell fates, activities, levels of gene expression, or the functional outco",{"id":542,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":543,"piName":10,"institution":544,"country":99,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":545},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884623","MECHANISMS BEHIND RESIDUAL DISEASE IN COLORECTAL CANCER and MODELLING OF THERAPIES THAT PREVENT RELAPSE","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE RECERCA BIOMEDICA (IRB BARCELONA)","Disease relapse is a major complication in colorectal cancer (CRC). At the time of diagnosis, the majority of patients will present with locoregional disease that can be effectively resected by surgery. This intervention is sufficient to cure the primary disease in most cases. Yet, over the course of the following months or years, around 40% of the patients that underwent resection of the primary tumor with curative intention will relapse, generally in the form of metastatic disease. As these me",{"id":547,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":548,"piName":10,"institution":549,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":550,"abstract":551},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834759","Shaping Democratic Spaces: Security and TV Series","UNIVERSITE PARIS I PANTHEON-SORBONNE","€2,216,375","In France, the UK, Germany, the US, and Israel, a growing number of films and television series are set ‘behind the scenes’ of democratic regimes faced with terrorist threats. These works reveal a moral state of the world. They may be analysed as ‘mirrors’ of society, or as ideological tools. But they can also be understood as new resources for the education, creativity, and perfectibility of their audiences; as the emergence of a form of ‘soft power’ that can serve as a resource for public poli",{"id":553,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":554,"piName":10,"institution":467,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":555,"abstract":556},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885192","Redesigning brain circuits in development","€2,493,750","In the pre-optogenetics era, molecular genetics defined the concepts of neural circuit development providing mechanistic insights into axon guidance and synapse assembly. However, this approach often revealed limited insights into the function of the circuits studied. Since 2005, optogenetics has revolutionized our approach to functionally dissect brain circuits and has tremendously increased our understanding of how they contribute to specific behaviours. However, how these circuits assemble du",{"id":558,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":559,"piName":10,"institution":560,"country":423,"year":13,"amount":561,"abstract":562},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884807","Bimanual Manipulation of Rigid and Deformable Objects","KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLAN","€2,424,186","All day long, our fingers touch, grasp and move objects in various media such as air, water, oil. We do this almost effortlessly - it feels like we do not spend time planning and reflecting over what our hands and fingers do or how the continuous integration of various sensory modalities such as vision, touch, proprioception, hearing help us to outperform any other biological system in the variety of the interaction tasks that we can execute. Largely overlooked, and perhaps most fascinating is t",{"id":564,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":565,"piName":10,"institution":566,"country":231,"year":13,"amount":567,"abstract":568},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834587","Emotional Acculturation:  Emotions as Gateways to Minority Inclusion","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","€2,499,579","International migration has often been referred to as one of the major challenges of the 21st century. Numbers of immigrants have been increasing, but social integration of migrants and their children is lagging at the detriment of immigrant minorities themselves and often resulting in conflict within receiving societies. EmotionAcculturation investigates the role of emotions, as key processes of interaction, for immigrant minorities social inclusion, and their wellbeing. It builds on research s",{"id":570,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":571,"piName":10,"institution":188,"country":189,"year":13,"amount":572,"abstract":573},"cordis-european-research-council-award-832940","Who are we? Self-identity, Social Cognition, and Collective Intentionality","€2,495,406","What does it mean to feel, think, and act as part of a we? During the last few decades, the topic of collective intentionality or we-intentionality has been much debated. However, the following foundational issues continue to remain underexplored and unresolved: • How is the we related to the self? • What does the fact that one can adopt a we-perspective tell us about the fluid character of selfhood? • What type of social cognition is required in order to identify with and share a perspective wi",{"id":575,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":576,"piName":10,"institution":577,"country":201,"year":13,"amount":578,"abstract":579},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885539","Antibody engineering by natural selection and by design","FONDAZIONE ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GENETICA MOLECOLARE INGM","€2,478,125","Antibodies represent a powerful defense mechanism due to their capacity to link specific antigen recognition with effector functions and are currently developed as drugs for prophylaxis and therapy of infectious diseases. The generation of antibody diversity represents a remarkable example of protein engineering that is coupled to a stringent mechanism of clonal selection. In the ENGRAB project we propose first to develop an integrated bioinformatics platform to unravel the clonal dynamics of an",{"id":581,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":582,"piName":10,"institution":532,"country":201,"year":13,"amount":583,"abstract":584},"cordis-european-research-council-award-835012","The physics of Earthquake faulting: learning from laboratory earthquake prediCTiON to Improve forecasts of the spectrum of tectoniC failure modes: TECTONIC","€3,459,750","Earthquakes represent one of our greatest natural hazards. Even a modest improvement in the ability to forecast devastating events like the 2016 sequence that destroyed the villages of Amatrice and Norcia, Italy would save thousands of lives and billions of euros.  Current efforts to forecast earthquakes are hampered by a lack of reliable lab or field observations. Moreover, even when changes in rock properties prior to failure (precursors) have been found, we have not known enough about the phy",{"id":586,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":587,"piName":10,"institution":331,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":588,"abstract":589},"cordis-european-research-council-award-832845","Rethinking China’s Model of Urban Governance","€2,492,786","China’s phenomenal urbanisation is of world-historical significance and imposes profound theoretical and policy challenges. This ground-breaking project will rethink China’s model of urban governance through grounded and multi-scalar investigations ranging from neighbourhoods and cities to regions. For neighbourhoods, it unravels the interface between state and society in everyday living space, migrant social agencies and the self-governance of homeowners’ associations under urbanisation and hou",{"id":591,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":592,"piName":10,"institution":593,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":594,"abstract":595},"cordis-european-research-council-award-885435","Tissue repair functions of MAIT cells: integrating thymic pre-commitment and peripheral signals","INSTITUT CURIE","€2,499,500","Mucosal associated invariant T cells (MAITs) represent an abundant subset in humans with unique specificity for microbial metabolites. MAIT conservation along evolution indicates important, non-redundant functions. Despite changes in MAIT frequency and phenotype in several infectious and non-infectious diseases, their functions are still unclear.  By contrast with mainstream CD4+ or CD8+ T cells, MAITs differentiate into effector cells during thymic development. How the differentiation program i",{"id":597,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":598,"piName":10,"institution":599,"country":308,"year":13,"amount":600,"abstract":601},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882396","Computational Learning Theory: compact representation, efficient computation, and societal challenges in learning MDPs","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€1,878,125","Computational learning theory has been highly successful over the last three decades, both in providing deep mathematical theories and in influencing the practice of machine learning. One of the great recent successes of computational learning theory has been the study of online learning and multi-arm bandits. This line of research has been highly successful, both theoretically and practically, addressing many important applications. Unfortunately, the recent theoretical progress in Markov Decis",{"id":603,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":604,"piName":10,"institution":605,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":606,"abstract":607},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833029","What to expect when you are not expecting it: How implicit regularities drive attentional selection","STICHTING VU","€2,499,875","Extracting statistical regularities from the environment is one of the most fundamental abilities of any living organism. This type of learning is largely unconscious, unintentional, and implicit",{"id":609,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":610,"piName":10,"institution":611,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":612,"abstract":613},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884650","From microns to reefs: mechanistic insights into coral biomineralisation and the fate of coral reefs","UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON","€3,492,322","Coral Reefs are under threat from climate change, pollution and other local and global anthropogenic disturbances. Microns2Reefs will go beyond the state of the art by providing the mechanistic understanding needed to accurately predict their fate given the multifaceted and multifactorial anthropogenic threats they face. Coral reefs provide many ecosystem functions, from coastal defence to sustaining fisheries. These, and many others, critically depend on the 3D framework of the reef made from t",{"id":615,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":616,"piName":10,"institution":566,"country":231,"year":13,"amount":617,"abstract":618},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833143","The Structure and Impact of Trans-Pacific Trade, 16th to 18th Centuries: The Manila Galleon Trade Beyond Silver and Silks","€2,437,372","This project will provide a radically new history of early modern trans-Pacific trade, by critically re-evaluating conventionally-used sources, examining hitherto neglected historical archives and records in a range of Asian and European languages, and analysing recent archaeological evidence using new methodologies and perspectives. An interdisciplinary team, comprising specialists in Chinese, Japanese, Latin American, Southeast Asian, economic, environmental, and medical history, maritime arch",{"id":620,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":621,"piName":10,"institution":622,"country":201,"year":13,"amount":623,"abstract":624},"cordis-european-research-council-award-835201","Industrial Structure and the European Productivity Growth Divergence","LUISS LIBERA UNIVERSITA INTERNAZIONALE DEGLI STUDI SOCIALI GUIDO CARLI","€1,944,581","The last two decades have witnessed substantial progress in the measurement of productivity.  However, our understanding of the deep determinants of productivity growth is  still limited. This is important in the face of both the global productivity slowdown emerged since mid 2000s and the large productivity growth divide in Continental Europe between the North and the South. I hypothesize that  ownership, control and finance (in short  industrial structure'', IS) play a key role and that their ",{"id":626,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":627,"piName":10,"institution":331,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":628},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834597","Sex-specific demography and the evolution of gender-biased harmful cultural practices","Cultural practices that are harmful to one sex, but favour the other, are the focus of intense interest in the public eye, the social sciences and the evolutionary human sciences. The foundational work of Hamilton, Bateman and Trivers, showed how kin selection theory provides a framework for understanding the evolutionary basis of conflicts of interest between the sexes and between parents and offspring. However, many gender-biased practices do not seem to fit this classic model of sexual confli",{"id":630,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":631,"piName":10,"institution":632,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":633},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884217","Attosecond physics, free electron quantum optics, photon generation and radiation biology with the accelerator on a photonic chip","FRIEDRICH-ALEXANDER-UNIVERSITAET ERLANGEN-NUERNBERG","Resting on our demonstration of laser-driven nanophotonics-based particle acceleration, we propose to build a miniature particle accelerator on a photonic chip, comprising high gradient acceleration and fully optical field-based electron control. The resulting electron beam has outstanding space-time properties: It is bunched on sub-femtosecond timescales, is nanometres wide and coherent. We aim at utilizing this new form of all-optical free electron control in a broad research program with five",{"id":635,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":636,"piName":10,"institution":637,"country":32,"year":13,"amount":638,"abstract":639},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882375","Welfare, Incentives, Dynamics, and Equilibrium","ETABLISSEMENT D'ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR CONSULAIRE HAUTES ETUDES COMMERCIALES DE PARIS","€1,240,922","Informational frictions lead to inefficient allocations, reducing welfare. Dynamic incentive theory offers a powerful conceptual framework to analyse the optimal design of contracts and mechanisms mitigating these inefficiencies. Its technical difficulty and abstractness, however, have limited its applications. The objective of this project is to develop new frameworks to enhance the applicability of dynamic incentive theory and address important unanswered applied questions:   1) In corporate f",{"id":641,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":642,"piName":10,"institution":643,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":644},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883098","Sleep balancing abstraction and forgetting of memory","EBERHARD KARLS UNIVERSITAET TUEBINGEN","Sleep supports the formation of long-term memory, a function described as an active systems consolidation process. Concurrently, a long tradition of theorizing exists that sleep serves to forget unimportant memory. Paradoxically, the crucial behavioral demonstration that sleep induces forgetting is currently entirely missing. I hypothesize that memory processing during sleep is balanced: Sleep consolidates abstracted schema-like memory and this process is coupled to active forgetting of episodic",{"id":646,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":647,"piName":10,"institution":648,"country":99,"year":13,"amount":649,"abstract":650},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882332","Heterogeneity, Monetary Policy and Economic Fluctuations","Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI)","€923,750","The proposed research aims at assessing the role of heterogeneity in economic fluctuations and its implications for monetary policy, with a focus on recent HANK (for Heterogeneous Agents New Keynesian) models.A first objective is the development of an “organizing framework” which focuses on the distinction between two types of agents of households (or firms) at any point in time: those who satisfy an intertemporal optimality condition (labeled as “unconstrained”) and those who do not (labeled as",{"id":652,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":653,"piName":10,"institution":467,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":654},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834259","Nucleolar regulation of longevity","Research over the last few decades has revealed that animal life span is malleable and regulated by conserved metabolic signaling pathways, including reduced insulin\u002FIGF signaling, mTOR, mitochondrial function, dietary restriction, and signals from the reproductive system. Whether these various pathways converge on common processes, however, has remained elusive.We recently discovered the nucleolus to be a crucial focal point of regulation in all these pathways. The nucleolus is a subnuclear org",{"id":656,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":657,"piName":10,"institution":200,"country":201,"year":13,"amount":658,"abstract":659},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882276","Wellbeing Returns on Social Investment Recalibration","€1,872,200","The concept of ‘social investment’ has gained traction in debates over welfare state futures. Like any notion of investment, social investment posits measurable ‘wellbeing returns’ on investment in advanced societies. Fundamental to any empirical assessment of social investment is the critical role of three complementary policy functions: (1) improving the stock of human capital; (2) easing the flow of gendered labour market and family life-course transitions; and (3) maintaining and updating in",{"id":661,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":662,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":663},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884447","Monolithic Multi-Junction Picosecond Avalanche Detector for future physics experiments and applications","Particle-physics, space research and several other fields of basic and applied science necessitate the production of thin sensors capable to provide excellent position and time resolution at the same time.The diode structure of present silicon pixel sensors strongly penalises the enormous potential of silicon-based time measurement: the ~30 ps intrinsic limit of diodes was already reached in sensors with internal gain with pad sizes of 1 mm2. Therefore, new ideas are needed to improve by another",{"id":665,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":666,"piName":10,"institution":667,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":668,"abstract":669},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884916","Towards a full multi-scale understanding of zero-carbon metal fuel combustion","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN","€2,492,992","Energy-on-demand is a cornerstone of modern society. Currently, the primary source of energy is fossil fuel, but in view of undeniable climate warming, an alternative fuel is dearly wanted. Metal powders are a tantalizing, totally carbon-free and recyclable option for such a fuel. Its combustion products are solid metal-oxide particles, which, after capture, can be recycled to metal powders again using green electricity. The technology required to burn metal powder aerosols in a stable and relia",{"id":671,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":672,"piName":10,"institution":673,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":674,"abstract":675},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884830","Regulation of NK cell function","LEIBNIZ-INSTITUT FUR VIROLOGIE","€2,497,500","The human immune system has evolved sophisticated mechanisms to recognize and eliminate infected, stressed or cancer cells. Presentation of antigens by HLA-I enables the identification of diseased cells by antigen-specific T cells, while changes in HLA-I expression levels are sensed by NK cells. Many human NK cell receptors bind HLA-I; but whether and how NK cells might interact with HLA-II remained unknown. We recently discovered that a subset of commonly expressed HLA-DP molecules serve as lig",{"id":677,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":678,"piName":10,"institution":679,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":680},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884116","An object-oriented approach to color","JUSTUS-LIEBIG-UNIVERSITAET GIESSEN","There have been tremendous advances in color science. The absorption of photons by three types of photoreceptors is known at the molecular genetic level. Human cone fundamentals are tabled to several decimal places and color opponency is understood at the neural and computational level. Yet, all this knowledge is based on extremely restrictive assumptions with a colored light in the dark (Color 1.0) or flat, matte surfaces in a uniformly colored context (Color 2.0).  But which mechanisms mediate",{"id":682,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":683,"piName":10,"institution":684,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":685,"abstract":686},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883786","Artificial Translation with Dynamic Foldamers: Relaying Encoded Messages into Chemical Function","UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL","€2,499,805","We propose to apply the power of synthetic chemistry to a new challenge in synthetic biomimicry: the translation of encoded information into molecular function. We propose to design and build switchable synthetic molecules that are capable of communicating and processing information. This ambitious aim will be achieved through new classes of extended dynamic molecules that respond to their environment by changing shape, principally by invertase polarity\u002Fdirectionality. They will receive, communi",{"id":688,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":689,"piName":10,"institution":690,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":691,"abstract":692},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884505","Inhibiting BAF to Improve Gene Delivery","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","€2,390,625","Safe and efficient delivery of nucleic acids to tissues and cells is a shared challenge in the clinical translation of gene therapy and gene editing. At the intracellular level, DNA delivery is hindered by endo\u002Flysosomal sequestration, inefficient transport into the nucleus and a retention mechanism mediated by the barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF) protein that detects, clusters and locks away intruding double-stranded DNA in membrane cages. The first two of these intracellular obstacles a",{"id":694,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":695,"piName":10,"institution":696,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":697,"abstract":698},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884711","Searching and Characterizing Extraterrestrial Subsurface Oceans","UNIVERSITAT ZU KOLN","€2,116,582","The existence of liquid water is one of the few preconditions for life as we know it. Therefore, the search and characterization of liquid water outside of Earth plays an essential role in the search for extraterrestrial life. Prominent candidates to host liquid water are moons in the outer solar system, which can maintain oceans under their icy surfaces. The currently most effective way to identify such subsurface oceans is through effects of their salinity and thus electrical conductivity. The",{"id":700,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":701,"piName":10,"institution":702,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":703,"abstract":704},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834788","Global views of cell type specification and differentiation","UNIVERSITAT BASEL","€2,411,440","Each cell in our body has a specific biography that is defined by its pedigree relationship with other cells (lineage) and by its history of gene expression (trajectory). A fundamental question in cellular and developmental biology has been how the lineage and trajectory of a cell lead to its specification and differentiation. Remarkable progress in genome editing and single-cell sequencing has generated the opportunity to understand this process at global scales and single-cell resolution. We h",{"id":706,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":707,"piName":10,"institution":708,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":709},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834947","Disruption of systemic and microenvironmental barriers  to immunotherapy of antigenic tumors","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE","The frontier in cancer therapy of orchestrating the immune system to attack tumors is producing unprecedented survival benefit in some patients. The corollary is lack of efficacy both in ostensibly responsive tumor types as well as others that are mostly non-responsive. The basis lies in pre-existing and adaptive resistance mechanisms that circumvent induction of tumor-reactive cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) capable of infiltrating solid tumors and eliminating cancer cells. A priori, cancers induced b",{"id":711,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":712,"piName":10,"institution":713,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":714,"abstract":715},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833196","Polarization and its discontents: does rising economic inequality undermine the foundations of liberal societies?","JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE-UNIVERSITAET FRANKFURT AM MAIN","€2,494,665","The project will examine the relationship between economic inequality and societal openness, one of the foundational elements of liberal society. Specifically, the project will provide new empirical evidence on the purportedly negative relationship between inequality and social mobility, support for democracy, and social cohesion in the West. The challenge addressed by the project is foremost empirical: for each dimension of openness, there are straightforward theoretical arguments to link risin",{"id":717,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":718,"piName":10,"institution":560,"country":423,"year":13,"amount":719,"abstract":720},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834862","An algorithmic framework for reducing bias and polarization in online media","€2,490,087","Online media is an important part of modern information society, offering a podium for public discourse and hosting the opinions of hundreds of millions of individuals. Online media are often credited for providing a technological means to break information barriers and promote diversity and democracy. In practice, however, the opposite effect is often observed: users tend to favor content that agrees with their existing world-view, get less exposure to conflicting viewpoints, and eventually cre",{"id":722,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":723,"piName":10,"institution":241,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":724,"abstract":725},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833177","Digital Campaigning and Electoral Democracy","€2,499,394","Overview: This project will set a new agenda and direction for the study of political campaigns. It will examine whether and how new digital technologies are transforming election campaigns and citizen behaviour in new and established democracies. More specifically, it will assess claims that democracies are now entering a new data-driven era of political campaigning that is profoundly reconfiguring how campaigns’ are run, who runs them and their implications for the quality of voter decision-ma",{"id":727,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":728,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":729,"abstract":730},"cordis-european-research-council-award-883855","Intrinsic and extrinsic determinants of neuronal identity","€2,499,936","Neuronal diversity determines the variety of circuits that can be formed and thus sets the framework for an animals behavioural repertoire. During development, distinct neuronal types emerge from interactions between cell-intrinsic processes and cell-extrinsic processes. In the brain, untangling how intrinsic and extrinsic processes contribute to neuronal identity has been difficult, as neurons are highly interconnected and heterogeneous cells with distinct and dynamic sensitivities to environme",{"id":732,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":733,"piName":10,"institution":734,"country":423,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":735},"cordis-european-research-council-award-834860","A regenerative medicine approach in diabetes.","KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET","Pancreatic islet transplantation is essential for diabetes treatment. Outcome varies due to transplantation site, quality of islets and the fact that transplanted islets are affected by the same challenges as in situ islets. Tailor-making islets for transplantation by tissue engineering combined with a more favorable transplantation site that allows for both monitoring and local modulation of islet cells is thus instrumental. We have established the anterior chamber of the eye (ACE) as a favorab",{"id":737,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":738,"piName":10,"institution":739,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":740},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882963","Spontaneous T cell responses against cancer neoantigens","MAX DELBRUECK CENTRUM FUER MOLEKULARE MEDIZIN IN DER HELMHOLTZ-GEMEINSCHAFT (MDC)","An old question in tumor immunology is whether cancer cells can spontaneously activate T cells that in turn destroy them, termed immunosurveillance. While firmly established for virus-associated tumors, immunosurveillance of spontaneous tumors is still controversial. Intuitively, autochthonous cancer models may be better suited than transplantation model to address this question, yet current models bear pitfalls and do not resemble the sporadic nature of human cancer. Importantly, they are not c",{"id":742,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":743,"piName":10,"institution":744,"country":745,"year":13,"amount":746,"abstract":747},"cordis-european-research-council-award-884434","Persistent bullying cases: towards tailored intervention approaches to maximize efficiency","TURUN YLIOPISTO","FI","€2,424,001","Bullying in schools is widespread, with adverse effects on youth and high costs for societies. Research on bullying prevention has so far focused on average effects of anti-bullying programs and mainly concerned universal, preventive measures. While important, this has overshadowed attempts to uncover how exactly school personnel intervene in particular bullying cases and when and why that fails. CHALLENGE will open up new research horizons by shifting the focus from average program effects to t",{"id":749,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":750,"piName":10,"institution":690,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":594,"abstract":751},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833168","Co-Evolving City Life","How could networks of innovative cities contribute to the solution of humanity’s existential problems? Given the on-going digital revolution and our present-day sustainability challenges, we have to reinvent the way cities are operated. We propose that the requirement of organizing cities in a more resilient way implies the need for more decentralized solutions, based on digitally assisted self-organization, and that this concept is also compatible with sustainability requirements and stronger d",{"id":753,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":754,"piName":10,"institution":755,"country":99,"year":13,"amount":756,"abstract":757},"cordis-european-research-council-award-882499","Market Power and Secular Macroeconomic Trends","UNIVERSIDAD POMPEU FABRA","€1,564,000","In the last four decades, there have been a number of significant secular trends in the advanced economies around the world. Wage inequality has risen sharply, and most of the wage gains have been appropriated by the top 1%. In addition, labor market dynamism and new startups have declined, the labor share of total output has fallen, low skilled wages have stagnated, and there has been reallocation of production from small to superstar firms. During the same four decades, there has also been a s",{"id":759,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":760,"piName":10,"institution":538,"country":208,"year":13,"amount":146,"abstract":761},"cordis-european-research-council-award-833222","How God Became a Lawgiver: The Place of the Torah in Ancient Near Eastern Legal History","The Torah’s notion of divine law fundamentally transforms the nature of law found in its ancient Near Eastern context. Typically kings—not gods—took on the role of the promulgation of laws. The Torah’s conception of God as lawgiver emerged gradually through historical processes, rather than constituting the bedrock of the Bible’s literary and legal history. And, while scholars have long recognized the uniqueness of the Torah’s conception, its early historical development has received little atte",137,{"programme":8,"total":764,"withPiName":765,"firstYear":766,"lastYear":767,"countryCount":768,"perYear":769,"topInstitutions":825,"topCountries":896},4756,450,2008,2027,46,[770,772,775,778,781,784,787,790,793,796,798,801,804,805,808,811,814,817,820,823],{"year":766,"count":771},47,{"year":773,"count":774},2009,232,{"year":776,"count":777},2010,248,{"year":779,"count":780},2011,276,{"year":782,"count":783},2012,293,{"year":785,"count":786},2013,344,{"year":788,"count":789},2014,359,{"year":791,"count":792},2015,138,{"year":794,"count":795},2016,299,{"year":797,"count":774},2017,{"year":799,"count":800},2018,376,{"year":802,"count":803},2019,241,{"year":13,"count":762},{"year":806,"count":807},2021,228,{"year":809,"count":810},2022,322,{"year":812,"count":813},2023,252,{"year":815,"count":816},2024,243,{"year":818,"count":819},2025,222,{"year":821,"count":822},2026,264,{"year":767,"count":824},3,[826,829,832,835,838,841,844,847,850,853,856,859,862,865,868,871,874,877,879,882,884,886,888,891,893],{"name":827,"count":828},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",206,{"name":830,"count":831},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",133,{"name":833,"count":834},"University of Oxford",128,{"name":836,"count":837},"University of Cambridge",124,{"name":839,"count":840},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",84,{"name":842,"count":843},"Weizmann Institute of Science",74,{"name":845,"count":846},"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne",72,{"name":848,"count":849},"University College London",69,{"name":851,"count":852},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",59,{"name":854,"count":855},"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem",57,{"name":857,"count":858},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",52,{"name":860,"count":861},"University of Bristol",49,{"name":863,"count":864},"University of Edinburgh",48,{"name":866,"count":867},"Kobenhavns Universitet",40,{"name":869,"count":870},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",39,{"name":872,"count":873},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",38,{"name":875,"count":876},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",35,{"name":878,"count":876},"Tel Aviv University",{"name":880,"count":881},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",33,{"name":883,"count":881},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":885,"count":881},"Universitat Wien",{"name":887,"count":881},"University of Manchester",{"name":889,"count":890},"Helsingin Yliopisto",32,{"name":892,"count":890},"Karolinska Institutet",{"name":894,"count":895},"Technische Universiteit Delft",30,[897,899,901,903,905,907,909,911,913,915,917,918,920,923,925,928,930,932,934,937,940,943,946,947,950],{"name":12,"count":898},802,{"name":115,"count":900},778,{"name":32,"count":902},581,{"name":167,"count":904},390,{"name":208,"count":906},310,{"name":201,"count":908},302,{"name":99,"count":910},269,{"name":308,"count":912},202,{"name":423,"count":914},183,{"name":399,"count":916},153,{"name":231,"count":916},{"name":189,"count":919},107,{"name":921,"count":922},"GB",78,{"name":745,"count":924},76,{"name":926,"count":927},"NO",65,{"name":161,"count":929},42,{"name":931,"count":867},"PT",{"name":521,"count":933},25,{"name":935,"count":936},"EL",24,{"name":938,"count":939},"US",20,{"name":941,"count":942},"PL",18,{"name":944,"count":945},"CZ",15,{"name":26,"count":945},{"name":948,"count":949},"CN",9,{"name":951,"count":952},"EE",8]