[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-advanced-grant-2022":3,"awarded-stats-erc-advanced-grant":1133},{"awarded":4,"total":1132},[5,16,23,30,37,43,49,56,61,67,73,80,86,92,97,104,110,117,123,129,135,140,146,152,157,163,170,177,182,189,195,201,207,212,218,224,231,237,244,249,254,260,266,272,278,285,291,297,302,308,314,319,325,331,337,343,349,353,358,364,370,374,381,387,393,398,404,410,416,422,428,434,439,444,451,456,462,467,473,479,484,489,495,500,506,511,516,522,528,533,538,543,547,553,559,564,570,575,581,586,591,596,602,608,613,618,624,629,634,640,645,650,655,660,667,672,678,684,690,696,702,708,714,720,726,732,736,740,746,751,757,763,767,772,777,783,787,793,798,803,809,814,820,826,832,838,843,848,854,858,863,868,873,879,885,889,895,901,905,911,917,923,928,933,939,944,949,954,960,965,970,976,981,987,994,999,1004,1010,1015,1019,1024,1029,1034,1039,1045,1050,1056,1062,1067,1072,1078,1084,1090,1096,1102,1107,1112,1118,1122,1127],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-786462-hope","European Research Council","ERC Advanced Grant","Addressing the role of PKD3 in the T cell compartment with knockout mice","Jiří Koutník","Innsbruck Medical University","AT",2022,null,"Abstract Background The Protein kinase D3 (PKD3) has been implicated in signal transduction downstream of the T cell receptor (TCR). However, its role for the activation of primary T lymphocytes has not been elucidated so far. Methods Expression of PKD isoforms in primary murine T cells was determined by RT-PCR and SDS-Page. A germline PKD3-knockout mouse line was analyzed for its immune response to OVA\u002Falum intraperitoneal immunization. Phenotyping of the T cell compartment ex vivo as well as u",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":19,"institution":20,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":22},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2017-adg-788143-recglycanmr","Assessing the Mobility of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Spike Protein Glycans by Structural and Computational Methods","Nicola G. A. Abrescia","Ikerbasque","ES","Two years after its emergence, the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains difficult to control despite the availability of several vaccines. The extensively glycosylated SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein, which mediates host cell entry by binding to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) through its receptor binding domain (RBD), is the major target of neutralizing antibodies. Like to many other viral fusion prot",{"id":24,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":25,"piName":26,"institution":27,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":29},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-669249","Effects of oxytocin and vasopressin administration on human fathers' sensitive and challenging parenting: A randomized within-subject controlled trial","Annemieke M. Witte","Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam","NL","This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled within-subject study examined the effects of intranasal administration of oxytocin and vasopressin on fathers' sensitive and challenging parenting behaviors. Furthermore, we examined the moderating role of fathers' early childhood experiences. The sample consisted of 70 fathers with their 2- to 12-month-old infants. All fathers were assigned to each of the three experimental sessions (oxytocin, vasopressin, and placebo), on three separate days, w",{"id":31,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":32,"piName":33,"institution":34,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":36},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-aerocat-grant-number-3404109","Expanding the Range: AuCu Metal Aerogels from H2O and EtOH","Alexander Eychmüller","Technische Universität Dresden","DE","Due to their self-supporting and nanoparticulate structure, metal aerogels have emerged as excellent electrocatalysts, especially in the light of the shift to renewable energy cycles. While a large number of synthesis parameters have already been studied in depth, only superficial attention has been paid to the solvent. In order to investigate the influence of this parameter with respect to the gelation time, crystallinity, morphology, or porosity of metal gels, AuxCuy aerogels were prepared in ",{"id":38,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":39,"piName":40,"institution":41,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":42},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-2015-694812","Diagnosis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis in High-Resolution Computed Tomography Scans Using a Combination of Handcrafted Radiomics and Deep Learning","Turkey Refaee","Maastricht University","Purpose To develop handcrafted radiomics (HCR) and deep learning (DL) based automated diagnostic tools that can differentiate between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-IPF interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) in patients using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans. Material and Methods In this retrospective study, 474 HRCT scans were included (mean age, 64.10 years ± 9.57 [SD]). Five-fold cross-validation was performed on 365 HRCT scans. Furthermore, an external dataset compris",{"id":44,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":45,"piName":46,"institution":47,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-2021-101052956-beyond","Failure through crack propagation in components with holes and notches: An experimental assessment of the phase field model","Davide Bigoni","University of Trento","IT",{"id":50,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":51,"piName":52,"institution":53,"country":54,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":55},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2014-adg-669858","All‐Aqueous Freeform Fabrication of Perfusable Self‐Standing Soft Compartments","Mariana B. Oliveira","University of Aveiro","PT","Abstract Compartmentalized structures obtained in all‐aqueous settings have shown promising properties as cell encapsulation devices, as well as reactors for trans‐membrane chemical reactions. While most approaches focus on the preparation of spherical devices, advances on the production of complex architectures have been enabled by the interfacial stability conferred by emulsion systems, namely mild aqueous two‐phase systems (ATPS), or non‐equilibrated analogues. However, the application of non",{"id":57,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":58,"piName":59,"institution":60,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-693030-barriers","The rise and fall of an alien: why the successful colonizer Littorina saxatilis failed to invade the Mediterranean Sea","Luciano Bosso","Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn",{"id":62,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":63,"piName":64,"institution":65,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2019-adg-885579","Mechanisms of cellular mRNA transcript homeostasis","Scott M. Berry","University of Zurich","CH",{"id":68,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":69,"piName":70,"institution":71,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":72},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2011-adg-293660","Learning-related congruent and incongruent changes of excitation and inhibition in distinct cortical areas","Vahid Esmaeili","École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne","Excitatory and inhibitory neurons in diverse cortical regions are likely to contribute differentially to the transformation of sensory information into goal-directed motor plans. Here, we investigate the relative changes across mouse sensorimotor cortex in the activity of putative excitatory and inhibitory neurons-categorized as regular spiking (RS) or fast spiking (FS) according to their action potential (AP) waveform-comparing before and after learning of a whisker detection task with delayed ",{"id":74,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":75,"piName":76,"institution":77,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":79},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2016-adg-741930","Generating predicate suggestions based on the space of plans: an example of planning with preferences","Gerard Canal","King's College London","GB","Abstract Task planning in human–robot environments tends to be particularly complex as it involves additional uncertainty introduced by the human user. Several plans, entailing few or various differences, can be obtained to solve the same given task. To choose among them, the usual least-cost plan criteria is not necessarily the best option, because here, human constraints and preferences come into play. Knowing these user preferences is very valuable to select an appropriate plan, but the prefe",{"id":81,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":82,"piName":83,"institution":84,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":85},"openalex-european-research-council-award-adg-741774","Light-Driven Ecological-Evolutionary Dynamics in a Synthetic Replicator System","Kai Liu","University of Groningen","Natural selection is the cornerstone of Darwinian evolution and acts on reproducing entities exhibiting variations that can be inherited and selected for based on, among others, interactions with the environment. Conversely, the replicating entities can also affect their environment generating a two-way feedback on evolutionary dynamics. The onset of such ecological-evolutionary dynamics marks a stepping stone in the transition from chemistry to biology. Yet the bottom-up creation of a molecular",{"id":87,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":88,"piName":89,"institution":90,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":91},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2015-adg-694581","Skill Characterisation of Sonographer Gaze Patterns during Second Trimester Clinical Fetal Ultrasounds using Time Curves","Clare Teng","University of Oxford","We present a method for skill characterisation of sonographer gaze patterns while performing routine second trimester fetal anatomy ultrasound scans. The position and scale of fetal anatomical planes during each scan differ because of fetal position, movements and sonographer skill. A standardised reference is required to compare recorded eye-tracking data for skill characterisation. We propose using an affine transformer network to localise the anatomy circumference in video frames, for normali",{"id":93,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":94,"piName":95,"institution":53,"country":54,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":96},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-h20202019-adg-883370","Advancing Tissue Decellularized Hydrogels for Engineering Human Organoids","Vítor M. Gaspar","Abstract The extracellular matrix plays a critical role in bioinstructing cellular self‐assembly and spatial (re)configuration processes that culminate in human organoids in vitro generation and maturation. Considering the importance of the supporting matrix, herein is showcased the most recent advances in the bioengineering of decellularized tissue hydrogels for generating organoids and assembloids. Key design blueprints, characterization methodologies, and extracellular matrix processing toolb",{"id":98,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":99,"piName":100,"institution":101,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":103},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2018-adg","Rational Materials Design for In Operando Electropolymerization of Evolvable Organic Electrochemical Transistors","Simone Fabiano","Linköping University","SE","Abstract Organic electrochemical transistors formed by in operando electropolymerization of the semiconducting channel are increasingly becoming recognized as a simple and effective implementation of synapses in neuromorphic hardware. However, very few studies have reported the requirements that must be met to ensure that the polymer spreads along the substrate to form a functional conducting channel. The nature of the interface between the substrate and various monomer precursors of conducting ",{"id":105,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":106,"piName":107,"institution":108,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":109},"openalex-european-research-council-award-evogenmed-erc-2014-adg-669207","Unusual mammalian usage of TGA stop codons reveals that sequence conservation need not imply purifying selection","Alexander T Ho","University of Bath","The assumption that conservation of sequence implies the action of purifying selection is central to diverse methodologies to infer functional importance. GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC), a meiotic mismatch repair bias strongly favouring GC over AT, can in principle mimic the action of selection, this being thought to be especially important in mammals. As mutation is GC→AT biased, to demonstrate that gBGC does indeed cause false signals requires evidence that an AT-rich residue is selectively ",{"id":111,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":112,"piName":113,"institution":114,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":116},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2012-adg-320892","Racemic crystal structures of A-DNA duplexes","Pradeep K. Mandal","Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","FR","The ease with which racemic mixtures crystallize compared with the equivalent chiral systems is routinely taken advantage of to produce crystals of small molecules. However, biological macromolecules such as DNA and proteins are naturally chiral, and thus the limited range of chiral space groups available hampers the crystallization of such molecules. Inspiring work over the past 15 years has shown that racemic mixtures of proteins, which were made possible by impressive advances in protein chem",{"id":118,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":119,"piName":120,"institution":121,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":122},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-883892-painpersist","The human insula processes both modality-independent and pain-selective learning signals","Björn Horing","Universität Hamburg","Prediction errors (PEs) are generated when there are differences between an expected and an actual event or sensory input. The insula is a key brain region involved in pain processing, and studies have shown that the insula encodes the magnitude of an unexpected outcome (unsigned PEs). In addition to signaling this general magnitude information, PEs can give specific information on the direction of this deviation-i.e., whether an event is better or worse than expected. It is unclear whether the ",{"id":124,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":125,"piName":126,"institution":127,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":128},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2018-adg-no-834225","Complex geometry of volcanic vents and asymmetric particle ejection: experimental insights","Markus Schmid","Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München","Explosive volcanic eruptions eject a gas-particle mixture into the atmosphere. The characteristics of this mixture in the near-vent region are a direct consequence of the underlying initial conditions at fragmentation and the geometry of the shallow plumbing system. Yet, it is not possible to observe directly the sub-surface parameters that drive such eruptions. Here, we use scaled shock-tube experiments mimicking volcanic explosions in order to elucidate the effects of a number of initial condi",{"id":130,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":131,"piName":132,"institution":133,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":134},"openalex-european-research-council-award-horizon-2020-erc-2017-advanced-grant-787015","Patriotic Women: Chemistry and Gender in the Eighteenth-Century Spanish World","Elena Serrano","Universitat de València","During the second half of the eighteenth century, Western countries witnessed an explosion of societies and publishing initiatives aimed at creating and disseminating what contemporaries called useful knowledge. These \"economic societies,\" \"societies of friends of the country,\" or \"societies of improvers\" sought to improve their local communities through the scientific management of natural and social resources. This article analyses the opportunities that this movement of patriots opened up for",{"id":136,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":137,"piName":138,"institution":77,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":139},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2017-adg-787355","Serotonergic regulation of bipolar cell survival in the developing cerebral cortex","Òscar Marín","One key factor underlying the functional balance of cortical networks is the ratio of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. The mechanisms controlling the ultimate number of interneurons are beginning to be elucidated, but to what extent similar principles govern the survival of the large diversity of cortical inhibitory cells remains to be investigated. Here, we investigate the mechanisms regulating developmental cell death in neurogliaform cells, bipolar cells, and basket cells, the three main po",{"id":141,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":142,"piName":143,"institution":144,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":145},"openalex-european-research-council-award-788231-progres-erc-2017-adg","Biocatalytic cascades towards iminosugar scaffolds reveals promiscuous activity of shikimate dehydrogenases","Christopher R. B. Swanson","University of Manchester","Protecting group-free chemoenzymatic and biocatalytic cascade synthesis of iminosugars from sugar aminopolyols has been achieved using Galactose oxidase F2 and chemical or enzymatic imine reduction. Putative iminosugar oxidoreductases were identified through genome mining, with several shikimate dehydrogenases (SDH) found to effect iminosugar formation. The SDH catalysed transformation is the first example of such activity on an iminosugar scaffold, and provides support for the reduction of imin",{"id":147,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":148,"piName":149,"institution":150,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":151},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2019-adg-grant-agreement-id-884650","Impact of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) enrichment and skewed N:P stoichiometry on the skeletal formation and microstructure of symbiotic reef corals","M. C. Buckingham","University of Southampton","Abstract Reported divergent responses of coral growth and skeletal microstructure to the nutrient environment complicate knowledge-based management of water quality in coral reefs. By re-evaluating published results considering the taxonomy of the studied corals and the N:P stoichiometry of their nutrient environment, we could resolve some of the major apparent contradictions. Our analysis suggests that Acroporids behave differently to several other common genera and show distinct responses to s",{"id":153,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":154,"piName":155,"institution":20,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":156},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-adg-2017-787510","Multimode Electron Tomography Sheds Light on Synthesis, Structure, and Properties of Complex Metal‐Based Nanoparticles","Luis M. Liz‐Marzán","Electron tomography has become a cornerstone technique for the visualization of nanoparticle morphology in three dimensions. However, to obtain in-depth information about a nanoparticle beyond surface faceting and morphology, different electron microscopy signals must be combined. The most notable examples of these combined signals include annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (ADF-STEM) with different collection angles and the combination of ADF-STEM with energy-dispersiv",{"id":158,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":159,"piName":14,"institution":160,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":161,"abstract":162},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054751","Cold Organic Chemistry","JUSTUS-LIEBIG-UNIVERSITAET GIESSEN","€2,493,529","This proposal ventures into organic chemical reactions under not-so-common conditions, namely in the cold, at insufficient energies, and under the action of hard radiation. As many organic molecules have been discovered in space or brought to earth in meteorites, they must have formed under such conditions through hitherto largely undisclosed mechanisms. One key hypothesis is that quantum-mechanical tunneling (QMT) and novel reactions with exceptionally low barriers are at work. Hence, one of th",{"id":164,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":165,"piName":14,"institution":166,"country":167,"year":13,"amount":168,"abstract":169},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054714","Coming to Terms: Proof Theory Extended to Definite Descriptions and other Terms","UNIWERSYTET LODZKI","PL","€1,629,775","The project is concerned with two areas which so far have rarely come together: complex terms and proof theory. ExtenDD focuses on definite descriptions as the most important and troublesome singular terms and on sequent calculus and its generalizations as the most important tool of modern proof theory. Since Russell's 'On Denoting', regarded as a paradigm of analytic philosophy, definite descriptions occupy a central place in philosophical research and many deep and detailed studies have been c",{"id":171,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":172,"piName":14,"institution":173,"country":174,"year":13,"amount":175,"abstract":176},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055133","Enabling politically sensitive climate change impact assessments for the 21st century","INSTITUTT FOR FREDSFORSKNING","NO","€2,497,678","What are key climate-driven social risks, and how might societal development moderate these risks? The SSP-RCP scenario framework has been developed by the IPCC community to study long-term interactions between climate and society and constitutes the cornerstone of current assessments of climate change impacts. The RCPs represent alternative warming scenarios (hazards) whereas the SSPs describe alternative development scenarios that define exposure and vulnerability to these hazards. Despite the",{"id":178,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":179,"piName":14,"institution":180,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":181},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054550","Perestroika from Below:  Participation, Subjectivities, and Emotional Communities across ‘the End of History’, 1980-2000","ZENTRUM FUR ZEITHISTORISCHE FORSCHUNG EV POTSDAM","The project Perestroika from Below intends to research and write a new history of a well-known, yet under-researched, moment in Soviet history, countering the dominant perception of perestroika as primarily reforms from above.  It wants to redirect the scholarly gaze towards the large number of Soviet citizens who participated in and sponsored the ambitious attempt to redefine Soviet life, history and future in the 1980s and 90s. This will include not only so-called liberal and democratic forces",{"id":183,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":184,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":187,"abstract":188},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052954","Stationary Random Subgroups","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","IL","€2,149,023","The notion of invariant random subgroups (IRS) has proven extremely useful during the last decade, particularly to the study of asymptotic invariants of lattices. However, the scope of problems that one can investigate when restricting to invariant measures (on the space of subgroups) is limited. It was recently realised that the notion of stationary random subgroups (SRS), which is much more general, is still extremely powerful and opens up new paths to attacking problems that previously seemed",{"id":190,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":191,"piName":14,"institution":192,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":193,"abstract":194},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052964","Macroeconomic trends and the efficiency of financial markets","Centre de Recerca en Economia Internacional (CREI)","€1,336,250","Financial markets constitute the backbone of modern economies, intermediating resources from those who have them (i.e., lenders) to those who can put them to productive use (i.e., borrowers). A defining feature of these markets is that lenders give up goods today in exchange for a promise to receive goods in the future. Clearly, these promises are only valuable if they are expected to be honoured. We can think of promises as being backed by collateral, which – for the purpose of this proposal – ",{"id":196,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":197,"piName":14,"institution":198,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":199,"abstract":200},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054616","Theoretical Foundations of Advanced Synthesis","THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM","€2,328,750","The rapid development of complex and safety-critical systems requires reliable verification methods. In automated synthesis, we transform a specification into a correct-by-construction system. In recent years, there have been significant advances in the algorithmic front of synthesis. Still, the integration of synthesis in industry has been slow. This project addresses two critical reasons why synthesis has been hindered. First, while verification offers designers a tool to check their designs, ",{"id":202,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":203,"piName":14,"institution":204,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":205,"abstract":206},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055129","Artificial agency and learning in quantum environments","UNIVERSITAET INNSBRUCK","€2,472,435","Quantum mechanics is our most fundamental theory of physics. It has formed, and often challenged, our understanding of physical reality. We use quantum mechanics to manipulate and control matter and light at the atomic scale, and it provides the basis for many new technologies. At the same time, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) is gaining momentum in science and basic research. ML is already employed in different areas of physics, mostly for big data processing ",{"id":208,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":209,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":211},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054886","Sculpting circuits and behavior by developmental neuronal remodeling","€2,500,000","Neuronal remodeling is a conserved strategy to refine neural circuits during development. Defects in remodeling have been associated with neuropsychiatric disorders, but direct mechanistic causality is lacking. Despite its fundamental significance, how remodeling of neuronal processes affects circuit architecture and function, and how this ultimately shapes behavior, is not only unknown, but also extremely challenging to study in complex organisms. Our lab is a world-leader in the molecular mech",{"id":213,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":214,"piName":14,"institution":215,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":216,"abstract":217},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055412","Logics and Algorithms for a Unified Theory of Hyperproperties","CISPA - HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM FUR INFORMATIONSSICHERHEIT GGMBH","€2,227,500","The central role of information technology in all aspects of our private and professional lives has led to a fundamental change in the type of program properties we care about.  Up to now, the focus has been on functional correctness; in the future, requirements that reflect our societal values, like privacy, fairness, The central role of information technology in all aspects of our private and professional lives has led to a fundamental change in the type of program properties we care about.  U",{"id":219,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":220,"piName":14,"institution":221,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":222,"abstract":223},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054421","Dynamic Cross Sections and Heterogeneity in Macroeconomics","LUISS LIBERA UNIVERSITA INTERNAZIONALE DEGLI STUDI SOCIALI GUIDO CARLI","€1,447,893","A main challenge for modern macroeconomics is to understand the consequences of the sizeable heterogeneity across households and firms, a feature ignored by textbook representative-agent models. Important questions arise on the role that such heterogeneity plays in the workings of the economy and its ability to respond to shocks in the presence of frictions and lumpy behavior (infrequent large adjustments), as is the case for durable purchases, technology adoption, portfolio adjustments, investm",{"id":225,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":226,"piName":14,"institution":227,"country":228,"year":13,"amount":229,"abstract":230},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052998","Data Stories: Producing stories about and with property and planning data","NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH","IE","€2,441,425","Planning and property data are the key evidence base for how cities are understood, planned and developed, informing public perception, guiding investments, and shaping policy. Yet, little critical attention has been paid to planning and property data and their lifecycles, circulation, politics, power and use in policy and stakeholder decision-making. This lacuna raises two important challenges that require redress if the validity of analysis, interpretation and decision-making is to be improved",{"id":232,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":233,"piName":14,"institution":234,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":235,"abstract":236},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054345","The Asian Origins of Global Capitalism: European Factories in the Indian Ocean, 1500-1800","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","€2,368,600","In the present age of de-industrialisation of the West, the origins and evolution of global capitalism matters. CAPASIA locates the origins of modern industrial capitalism in the space of Asian ports in the Indian Ocean, where the Portuguese, as well as the Dutch, English, French, and other European East India companies operated in the early modern period (1500-1800). Well before the rise of 20th-century Special Economic Zones and world financial centres, the ports of maritime Asia (‘factories’)",{"id":238,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":239,"piName":14,"institution":240,"country":241,"year":13,"amount":242,"abstract":243},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054904","Transmission over Channels with Insertions and Deletions","BILKENT UNIVERSITESI VAKIF","TR","€2,410,000","Insertions and deletions represent perhaps the most challenging impairments exhibited by communication channels in a wide range of applications from recording systems and covert communications to DNA storage. While tremendous progress has been made in determining the ultimate limits of communication using information-theoretic tools as well as in designing and implementing signaling solutions for various channel models with practical significance; for the case of insertion\u002Fdeletion channels, eve",{"id":245,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":246,"piName":14,"institution":198,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":247,"abstract":248},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055307","Relativistic Jets in the Multimessenger Era","€2,498,750","The birth of multimessenger Astronomy is unfolding in front of our eyes, largely thanks to incredible observational developments. The new observations challenge theory on numerous frontiers and my goal is to address some of those and to open others. Relativistic jets are the classical multimessenger sources, typically dominating the observed signature of the objects that launch them. Relativistic jets even have their own gravitational waves signature, Jet-GW, that arises from the jet acceleratio",{"id":250,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":251,"piName":14,"institution":252,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":253},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054659","Expanding our understanding of  human evolution through pleiotropy","CENTRO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACION SOBRE LA EVOLUCION HUMANA","Teeth dominate the fossil and bioarchaeological records because they consist mostly of inorganic material. Consequently, dental anthropology has long been essential in our investigation of the human past. Variation in the anatomy of teeth is instrumental for differentiating species, identifying biological affinities between populations, making inferences about dietary adaptations, and timing key developmental life stages. However, recent advances in genetics, genomics, and developmental biology ",{"id":255,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":256,"piName":14,"institution":257,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":258,"abstract":259},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055063","Low radon and low internal radioactivity for dark matter and rare event xenon detectors","UNIVERSITAET MUENSTER","€3,495,575","The astrophysical and cosmological evidence that the majority of matter in the universe must consist of exotic dark matter is overwhelming. But it is not yet clear what dark matter really is. Very promising candidates are WIMPs, the detection of which would also solve other pressing questions in particle physics. For the search for WIMPs, liquid xenon-based detectors are by far the most sensitive. The collaborations LZ, XENON and DARWIN joined to build a next generation detector, DARWIN\u002FG3, with",{"id":261,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":262,"piName":14,"institution":263,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":264,"abstract":265},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055239","Digital Payments, Multidimensional Taxes","FONDATION JEAN JACQUES LAFFONT,TOULOUSE SCIENCES ECONOMIQUES","€1,584,000","Digitalization is revolutionizing our economies. The volume of digital payments has increased exponentially, fueled by electronic commerce and financial transactions. Giant internet platforms are now dominant players at the global level and manage to avoid most taxes.  New payment service providers are undermining the traditional business model of banks. We lack a conceptual framework for guiding the regulatory and taxation reforms that are needed to adapt to this digital revolution. I will cont",{"id":267,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":268,"piName":14,"institution":269,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":270,"abstract":271},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054974","Symmetry and Similarity","RHEINISCH-WESTFAELISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE AACHEN","€2,495,575","The goal of this project is to develop an algorithmic theory of similarity between graphs. Graphs are versatile models for representing complex data ranging from chemical molecules to social interactions. Dealing with graphical data and enabling modern data analysis techniques, a fundamental task is to compare graphs and to measure their similarity, preferably in a semantically meaningful and algorithmically efficient way. However, it is not clear at all how to achieve this. In many application ",{"id":273,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":274,"piName":14,"institution":275,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":276,"abstract":277},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054787","Stochastic dynamics of sINgle cells: Growth, Emergence and Resistance","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE","€2,284,998","This project aims to introduce new stochastic and deterministic models for biological and medical applications, to analyse them mathematically, to derive qualitative properties of solutions, to quantify the emergence of asymptotic regimes and to determine the limiting equations. Motivated by recent biological experiments involving single cell observations, we emphasize the effects of very small populations in various biological\u002Fmedical contexts related to evolution such as emergence of leukemia ",{"id":279,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":280,"piName":14,"institution":281,"country":282,"year":13,"amount":283,"abstract":284},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055093","Contextual specification of fibroblast-driven causalities in chronic intestinal inflammation and fibrosis","EREVNITIKO KENTRO VIOIATRIKON EPISTIMON ALEXANDROS FLEMINGK","EL","€2,411,000","Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a severe, chronic pathology presenting with progressive intestinal inflammation and fibrosis, whose exact causes and key pathways remain poorly defined. Stromalimmune cell interactions have recently gained momentum in conceptualizing tissue homeostasis and our lab offered solid evidence establishing fibroblast heterogeneity and dominant roles in intestinal pathophysiology. Our recent preliminary evidence, indicated diverse spatial distribution of subsets of ac",{"id":286,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":287,"piName":14,"institution":288,"country":54,"year":13,"amount":289,"abstract":290},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052587","Black holes: gravitational engines of discovery","IST-ID ASSOCIACAO DO INSTITUTO SUPERIOR TECNICO PARA A INVESTIGACAO E O DESENVOLVIMENTO","€1,944,825","Gravity's unique geometric structure is manifest in strong field regions, especially around black holes.The new-born era of gravitational-wave astronomy and of very long baseline interferometry is now providing data from such regions, carrying information about the gravitational interaction in highly dynamical setups. The access to this new and uncharted territory may hold the key to outstanding puzzles, such as the nature of dark matter, or the fate of singularities or horizons within a quantum",{"id":292,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":293,"piName":14,"institution":294,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":295,"abstract":296},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054909","Connectome cost conservation model of skill learning","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€2,484,375","Inter-subject variability in learning and hence plasticity is fundamental in behavioral research. Neuroplasticity is studied either by exploring biological aspects of the synapse or regional brain activity. Lacking from these is a network, holistic and integrated view of the brain as an inter-connected organ. The connectome, the wiring diagram of the brain, is one of the greatest promises of neuroscience. The only methodology that allows the exploration of the human brain connectome in-vivo, is ",{"id":298,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":299,"piName":14,"institution":300,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":301},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054746","Exploration for Large Interacting Systems of Agents","UNIVERSITE COTE D'AZUR","This ERC project addresses mathematical theories and numerical tools for mean-field models, which are used to describe the statistical state of a population. Mathematically, such models are often seen as time-dependent systems whose state variable takes values in a space of probability measures. One of the key features of the ERC project is its focus on mean field models for which the state of the population is itself random. Primarily, we aim to consider dynamics with values in the space of pro",{"id":303,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":304,"piName":14,"institution":305,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":306,"abstract":307},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054456","Traitor-virus-guided discovery of antiviral factors","UNIVERSITAET ULM","€2,339,875","Viruses may seem smart since they rapidly develop new skills to spread in humans. However, they are actually just masters of trial and error. Their short generation time, enormous reproduction and high variability allows viruses to try countless variations. A few of these will enhance viral spread and, in the worst case, enable viral pandemics. It is conceivable that viruses evolve to counteract those defence mechanisms that would otherwise be most effective against them. Usually, it is hard to ",{"id":309,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":310,"piName":14,"institution":311,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":312,"abstract":313},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054449","Location, location, location: the (re-)positioning of regulatory elements in the mammalian genome.","STICHTING HET NEDERLANDS KANKER INSTITUUT-ANTONI VAN LEEUWENHOEK ZIEKENHUIS","€2,493,875","In mammalian genomes, the enhancers (E) that control a promoter (P) are often scattered over tens to hundreds of kb, and frequently interdigitate with Es that control other nearby Ps. How such apparently haphazard linear arrangements can result in specific gene regulation is a major puzzle. Three main constraints are thought to be involved. First, biochemical compatibility of Es and Ps may ensure that not all Ps respond equally strongly to a given E. Second, chromatin loops may either facilitate",{"id":315,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":316,"piName":14,"institution":294,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":317,"abstract":318},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054741","Challenging the gender binary: Empirically unravelling the limitation of the male-female categories","€2,446,001","The ultimate goal of this project is to free science and society from the unfounded dogma of sex categories as all-encompassing dichotomies, and to promote a world in which the male-female categories are restricted to the domains in which they have been shown to play a central role (e.g., reproductive medicine), rather than a-priori assumed to do so (e.g., mind and brain). According to the modern normative view of sex and gender (the gender binary), each of two biological sexes (male\u002Ffemale) is ",{"id":320,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":321,"piName":14,"institution":322,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":323,"abstract":324},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055434","Random Copolymers Enabling  Nonimmunogenic PEGylation for Medical Therapeutics","JOHANNES GUTENBERG-UNIVERSITAT MAINZ","€2,499,933","PEGylation, the attachment of the highly hydrophilic, biocompatible polymer polyethylene glycol (PEG) to therapeutics, has become a key strategy in current nanomedicine. PEGylation is indispensable for a broad variety of commercial therapeutics. They range from protein drugs to relevant nanocarriers, such as liposomes and lipid nanoparticles. PEG leads to the particular stealth effect, i.e., strongly prolonged blood circulation times and apparent invisibility for the immune system. This is also ",{"id":326,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":327,"piName":14,"institution":328,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":329,"abstract":330},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053985","From inspiral to kilonova","UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG","€2,499,675","Recent years have seen the blossoming of multi-messenger astrophysics where gravitational waves, photons and neutrinos provide complementary views on cosmic explosions involving some of the Universe’s most enigmatic objects, namely neutron stars and black holes. The first observation of a neutron star merger via both gravitational waves and, days later, an electromagnetic flash called kilonova enabled huge scientific leaps forward and was therefore celebrated as 2017 Breakthrough of the Year. Mu",{"id":332,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":333,"piName":14,"institution":334,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":335,"abstract":336},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054009","Laser biofabrication of 3D multicellular tissue with perfusible vascular network","GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ UNIVERSITAET HANNOVER","€2,499,539","Building 3D vascularised organs remains the major unsolved challenge to be overcome in biofabrication and tissue engineering. Establishing blood vessels capable of efficient transport of gas, nutrients, and metabolites to and from cells is a prerequisite for the survival of tissue constructs, both in vitro and when transplanted in vivo. High resolution multi-scale constructs are necessary to replicate the complexity of functional vascular perfusion from large scale arteries and veins to micron s",{"id":338,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":339,"piName":14,"institution":340,"country":174,"year":13,"amount":341,"abstract":342},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054410","New Perspectives on Land Dispossession,  Violent Conflict and  Migration in the West African Sahel","NORGES MILJO-OG BIOVITENSKAPELIGE UNIVERSITET","€2,095,696","Farmers and pastoralists in the Sahel continuously struggle to maintain control over land faced with rent-seeking elites, processes of modernization and uncertain land rights. The hypothesis of LANDRESPONSE is that smallholders who are dispossessed of access to land are more inclined to either migrate or resist violently. Violent resistance will be studied in this project with regard to the increasing numbers of armed groups labelled ‘jihadist’ in the Sahel and in particular in Mali. The project",{"id":344,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":345,"piName":14,"institution":346,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":347,"abstract":348},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055416","Multivalent Supramolecular Nanosystems as Dynamic Virus Blockers","FREIE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN","€2,849,138","Background: Viral pandemics pose great risks to current and future human health and global trade. Newly emerging viruses can display a broad variety of shapes, such as spherical or filamentous, and spike proteins have different lengths and densities, as seen in coronaviruses and influenza viruses. Viruses can mutate rapidly under evolutionary pressure, resulting in changes to antigen epitopes and reduced efficacy of drugs and vaccines. These variances between viruses and across mutations present",{"id":350,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":351,"piName":14,"institution":269,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":352},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054894","Hydrogen-Based Intrinsic-Flame-Instability-Controlled Clean and Efficient Combustion","Chemical energy carriers will play an essential role for future energy systems, where harvesting and utilization of renewable energy occur not necessarily at the same time or place, hence long-time storage and long-range transport of energy are needed. For this, hydrogen-based energy carriers, such as hydrogen and ammonia, hold great promise. Their utilization by combustion-based energy conversion has many advantages, e.g., versatile use for heat and power, robust and flexible technologies, and ",{"id":354,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":355,"piName":14,"institution":263,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":356,"abstract":357},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055280","Competition and regulation in the digital economy","€1,943,750","The digital economy is of growing importance for society, but its development challenges the traditional approaches to competition policy and regulation, based on a benchmark of perfect competition that regulatory authorities aim at approaching in the various relevant markets. Economies of scale and scope are more the rule than the exception, network effects and multi-sidedness are pervasive, information and data are shaping industries, the boundaries of the markets are becoming blurred, and ind",{"id":359,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":360,"piName":14,"institution":361,"country":362,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":363},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054629","Field-Theory Approach to Molecular Interactions","UNIVERSITE DU LUXEMBOURG","LU","The quantum-mechanical theory of molecular interactions is firmly established, however its applicability to large molecular complexes is hindered by the rather high computational cost of quantum calculations required to achieve high accuracy. We propose a paradigm shift in the modeling and conceptual understanding of electrostatic and electrodynamic molecular interactions in many-particle systems from the perspective of (quantum) field theory. This development is critical to accurately and effic",{"id":365,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":366,"piName":14,"institution":367,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":368,"abstract":369},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052182","A Neuroscientific Foundation of Program Comprehension","UNIVERSITAT DES SAARLANDES","€2,499,023","The pivotal role of software in our modern world mandates strong requirements on quality, correctness, and reliability of software systems. In software development and maintenance, the ability to understand program artifacts plays a key role for programmers to fulfill these requirements. Despite significant progress, research on program comprehension has a fundamental limitation: program comprehension is a cognitive process that cannot be directly observed, which leaves considerable room for mis",{"id":371,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":372,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":373},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053543","The impact of the viral shunt and its metabolic landscape on microbial lifestyles and the flow of carbon during algal blooms","The fate of carbon in marine environments is influenced by associations between heterotrophic bacteria and phytoplankton, mediated by chemical communication and metabolic exchange. Deciphering the nature of these associations is critical given the impact of marine plankton on biogeochemical cycling and climate regulation. Viral infection is a prevalent mortality agent of algal blooms in the ocean, leading to massive release of biomass to the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool, one of the larges",{"id":375,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":376,"piName":14,"institution":377,"country":378,"year":13,"amount":379,"abstract":380},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053993","Sustainable preservation of underwater archaeological sites: A novel approach to cultural heritage management","NATIONALMUSEET","DK","€2,496,306","Cultural heritage is the legacy of tangible, intangible and natural heritage assets of a society that is inherited from past generations. Preserving the remains of the past for the benefit of future generations is common in international heritage policy. Current management practice advocates preserving underwater cultural heritage (UCH) where it lies on the seabed, in situ. However, this practice is questioned due to a lack of understanding of the entangled threats posed by multiple natural and ",{"id":382,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":383,"piName":14,"institution":384,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":385,"abstract":386},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055305","Deciphering the lay ethics of terminal risks: local terminal risks as PRoxiEs For Existential Risks","UNIVERSITE DE VERSAILLES SAINT-QUENTIN EN YVELINES","€2,485,314","The main objective of the PREFER project is to open the scientific debate on existential risk to empirical enquiry. The PREFER team will identify how lay ethics (the ethics of ordinary people) manifest themselves in non-Western communities faced with extreme threat. Local terminal risks due to the collapse of regional ecosystems will serve as proxies for existential risks. Thus, this pioneering project will obtain, for the first time, empirical evidence on how ordinary humans evaluate and cope w",{"id":388,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":389,"piName":14,"institution":390,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":391,"abstract":392},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054460","Circular RNAs to reverse pathological remodelling of the injured heart","MEDIZINISCHE HOCHSCHULE HANNOVER","€2,499,375","Heart failure (HF) is a most common cause of mortality with currently >60 million of affected patients. Numbers will increase due to socioeconomic factors and as a result of the current COVID-19 pandemic. A major underlying cause of HF are cardiac remodelling processes at the molecular, cellular and tissue level. We will here focus on noncoding circular RNAs (circRNA) involved in two distinct forms of cardiac injury, chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and SARS-CoV-2-infection, where currently n",{"id":394,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":395,"piName":14,"institution":396,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":391,"abstract":397},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055270","Decoding consequences of complex chromosomal aberrations by multi-modal single-cell deconstruction to overcome treatment-resistance cancer","DEUTSCHES KREBSFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM HEIDELBERG","How does a cell with unstable, complex genomic rearrangements stay alive, and even give rise to aggressive, highly resistant malignancies? This question remains an ultimate research challenge for cancers with highly aberrant genomes, such as acute myeloid leukemia with complex karyotype (CK-AML). Its etiology, time-resolved clonal dynamics, molecular heterogeneity, and treatment resistance mechanisms are still largely elusive. In particular, the genetic and non-genetic dynamics that drive cancer",{"id":399,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":400,"piName":14,"institution":401,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":402,"abstract":403},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055262","A novel and empowered TARGETed gene addition approach at a relevant microglia locus for the treatment of inherited NeuroMetabolic Diseases","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA","€2,495,250","Hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy based on self-inactivating integrating vectors has proven unprecedented therapeutic potential in inherited neurometabolic diseases (NMDs). However, phenotypic effects are delayed after treatment likely due to the slow replacement of resident microglia by transplant-derived cells that hampers the broad application of this approach. Moreover, unregulated gene expression driven by the in-use promoters could in the long term cause unwanted effects. Finally,",{"id":405,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":406,"piName":14,"institution":407,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":408,"abstract":409},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054911","New Foundations for Real-World Cryptography","RUHR-UNIVERSITAET BOCHUM","€2,485,000","Almost half a century after the invention of public-key cryptography, there is still a vast discrepancy betweenthe theory and practice of cryptography. With some notable exceptions, research from the cryptographic theorycommunity focuses on problems of great theoretical interest, albeit completely disconnected from the real world. On the other hand, widely used real-world cryptographic protocols are being neglected because they are either mathematically ugly, their solutions appear uninteresting",{"id":411,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":412,"piName":14,"institution":413,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":414,"abstract":415},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055327","Understanding the evolution of continuous genomes","INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUSTRIA","€2,499,851","An organism's phenotype depends on a multitude of genetic variants, spread over a linear genome. This is widely understood, and yet in practice, has hardly been incorporated into population genetic analysis. Recent developments in theory, computation, and sequencing technology now make it possible to obtain and analyse whole haploid genomes on a large scale. This proposal is to develop and apply a theoretical analysis of genetic variation that is spread over continuous linear genomes. Theory and",{"id":417,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":418,"piName":14,"institution":419,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":420,"abstract":421},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053983","Harvesting Light for Life: Green Proteins as the Interface between Sun Energy and Biosphere","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI VERONA","€2,418,313","Life on earth feeds on photons. Photosynthesis in green algae and land plants has been the world’s most successful biological process and has conquered the most diverse environments. Photosynthetic reaction centres are extremely well conserved, an unlikely basis for the ability to adapt. Antenna systems are widely diversified and yet only the Light-Harvesting Complexes (LHCs) have been selected for growth in the land environment. The distinctive property of GreenCut organisms lies in their light",{"id":423,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":424,"piName":14,"institution":425,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":426,"abstract":427},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054696","Ultrafast molecular chirality: twisting light to twist electrons on ultrafast time scale","FORSCHUNGSVERBUND BERLIN EV","€2,476,743","Chiral molecules are characterized by specific stereo arrangements of their nuclei underlying their key function in chemistry and biology. Yet, little is known about chiral molecular interactions at the level of electrons, occurring on the ultrafast time scale. Developing extremely efficient enantio-sensitive ultrafast all-optical approaches to track electronic dynamics is an important unsolved challenge. We aim to address it in ULISSES  a multidisciplinary project at the interface of physical c",{"id":429,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":430,"piName":14,"institution":431,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":432,"abstract":433},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054902","Subliminal learning in the Mandarin lexicon","EBERHARD KARLS UNIVERSITAET TUEBINGEN","€2,483,750","Central to this research project is the observation that there are regularitiesand systematicities in the spoken language that escape our awareness, that are shielded from us by linguistic traditions and cultural conventions embodied in writing systems, but that nevertheless are detected by our brains, albeit subliminally, and used to optimize lexical processing. Philosophers such as Emmanual Kant, Edmund Husserl, and Maurice Merleau-Ponty, and more recently the cognitive scientist Hoffman, have",{"id":435,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":436,"piName":14,"institution":431,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":437,"abstract":438},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053296","Text and Idea of Aristotle's Science of Living Things","€2,447,385","Text and Idea of Aristotle’s Science of Living Things (TIDA) pursues two objectives, one philosophical, the other philological, both of which can only be achieved in tandem: subjecting Aristotle’s treatise on the soul, the De Anima (DA), and related treatises, to a new and comprehensive philosophical interpretation, while making available the original Greek texts in a way that complies with the standards of contemporary textual criticism. Philosophically, the aim is to replace the interpretive a",{"id":440,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":441,"piName":14,"institution":384,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":442,"abstract":443},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053033","Habitability of Exo-Earths in various atmospheric oxidative conditions","€2,412,601","Among the thousands of extrasolar planets discovered, Earth-like objects focus our attention to seek new habitable worlds. Eleven Earth-sized planets have already been discovered in the Habitable Zone (HZ) of their host-star, including three in the TRAPPIST-1 planetary system. Deciphering their atmospheres is the challenge of the next decade in exoplanetary science, stressing out urgent needs in fundamental data for these objects.My aim is to investigate how the atmospheric organic reservoir for",{"id":445,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":446,"piName":14,"institution":447,"country":448,"year":13,"amount":449,"abstract":450},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053925","Gestalts Relate Aesthetic Preferences to Perceptual Analysis","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","BE","€2,497,701","\"De gustibus et coloribus non disputandum est. With this slogan philosophers and lay people alike have dismissed all attempts to understand taste, color perception, or aesthetic preferences. Sense of beauty may just be too individual and too complex to qualify as target of scientific inquiry. Yet, since Fechner (1876), empirical aesthetics has studied the factors determining people’s aesthetic responses to art works and objects, scenes or events encountered in everyday life. Most accounts focus ",{"id":452,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":453,"piName":14,"institution":447,"country":448,"year":13,"amount":454,"abstract":455},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054917","The Identification of the Reactive Pore Space in Soils","€2,498,535","Ensuring the quality of our soils is essential for a sustainable world. Testing the soil quality traditionally occurs by soil sampling, sieving and extraction, thereby disturbing the soil’s hierarchical pore size structure. Soil sieving and extraction disrupts the macro-aggregates and overestimates the accessible reactive surfaces of soil. Plant roots are exposed to only a fraction of these soil reactive surfaces, hence traditional soil tests for bioavailability underscore the physical non-equil",{"id":457,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":458,"piName":14,"institution":459,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":460,"abstract":461},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054143","The INscribed city: urban structures and interaction in ROME","SCUOLA NORMALE SUPERIORE","€2,498,457","Rome as the first-ever mega-city reaching c.1 million inhabitants in the early empire (1st cent. BCE), remains an enigma regarding the way it organised itself and maintained that size for over three centuries. Having long outgrown the 4th-cent. BCE city walls, the urbanistic structures that developed outside of these, and especially outside the later Aurelian Wall, have never been studied systematically and holistically. IN-ROME aims to fill this fundamental gap. It will describe for the first t",{"id":463,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":464,"piName":14,"institution":465,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":466},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052978","Hybrid and Interpretable Deep neural audio machines","INSTITUT MINES-TELECOM","Machine Listening, or AI for Sound, is defined as the general field of Artificial Intelligence applied to audio analysis, understanding and synthesis by a machine. The access to ever increasing super-computing facilities, combined with the availability of huge data repositories (although largely unannotated), has led to the emergence of a significant trend with pure data-driven machine learning approaches. The field has rapidly moved towards end-to-end neural approaches which aim to directly sol",{"id":468,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":469,"piName":14,"institution":470,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":471,"abstract":472},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054860","Interplay between Chirality, Spin Textures and Superconductivity at Manufactured Interfaces","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€3,188,750","Memories that operate at cryogenic temperatures are urgently needed to realize advanced quantum and superconducting computing systems that will enable more efficient and scalable computing systems beyond today’s reach. SUPERMINT proposes to combine the latest advances in superconductivity and spintronics to build a novel SUPERTRACK cryogenic memory, that is high performance, non-volatile and that needs very low energy for its operation. A major objective will be to demonstrate the generation and",{"id":474,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":475,"piName":14,"institution":476,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":477,"abstract":478},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054750","The Italian Lauda: Disseminating Poetry and Concepts Through Melody (12th-16th centuries)","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TRENTO","€2,388,928","The lauda, a vibrant expression of popular piety, is the poetic-musical genre that from the second half of the twelfth century marked the birth and the spread of singing in the Italian language. It was based on melodies of varied origins, but mostly functional in orally conveying – through minstrels, lay confraternities and preachers – the dissemination of texts and (not only spiritual) concepts among a largely illiterate population. Despite this ‘volatility’, a good corpus of laude has been pre",{"id":480,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":481,"piName":14,"institution":476,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":482,"abstract":483},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052708","Discovering light-induced phases by first-principles material design","€2,117,141","Ultrafast lasers sources open new perspectives in exploring broken symmetry phases as it becomes possible to promote a substantial number of electrons in excited states generating a thermalized electron-hole plasma and leading to reversible or irreversible phase transitions. Light-induced charge density waves, order-disorder transitions, melting, stabilization of topological phases and laser-tunable ferroelectricity have been demonstrated. Experiments are far ahead of theory as few (if any) of t",{"id":485,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":486,"piName":14,"institution":487,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":488},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055096","Tipping of the Atlantic Ocean Circulation","UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT","The Atlantic Ocean Circulation,  in particular its zonally averaged component called  the Atlantic  Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), is one of the  tipping elements in the climate  system. The AMOC is sensitive to  freshwater perturbations and may undergo a transition to  a climate disrupting state within a few decades under continuing greenhouse gas emissions.  The  potential climate impacts  of such  a collapse are enormous and  hence reliable  estimates  of the probability of its oc",{"id":490,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":491,"piName":14,"institution":492,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":493,"abstract":494},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054726","Restoring anisotropy in living tissues 'in situ'","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN","€3,056,887","Regenerative Medicine aims to restore the composition and organisation of damaged tissues of the human body to regain tissue functionality. When regenerating tissues inside the body (in situ), however, restoration of tissue structural organisation is commonly overlooked. This is particularly problematic for the heart, where functional performance is inseparable from its structurally aligned (= anisotropic) organisation at length scales from the cell to the organ. Two decades of cell-, gene- and ",{"id":496,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":497,"piName":14,"institution":492,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":498,"abstract":499},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055384","Projection-based Control:  A Novel Paradigm for High-performance Systems","€2,498,516","The field of control has been a key driver for major societal innovations in health, mobility, energy and manufacturing. At present, technological trends push the performance requirements for future applications to extreme levels that are far beyond current control solutions. Existing linear controllers for linear systems are supported by user-friendly time- and frequency-domain design tools, yet they lack the flexibility to overcome fundamental performance tradeoffs. Full nonlinear control stru",{"id":501,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":502,"piName":14,"institution":503,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":504,"abstract":505},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054259","Conservation Data Justice","UNIVERSITAT AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA","€2,491,924","CONDJUST will create a new research field, Conservation Data Justice, that bridges three distinct areas of enquiry: conservation prioritisation, political ecology and Data Justice. The former uses data which risk marginalising rural peoples. The latter does not yet examine conservation data. Meanwhile political ecologists do not yet consider Data Justice approaches when tackling conservation prioritisation. CONDJUST will interrogate conservation data and models, and explore the epistemic communi",{"id":507,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":508,"piName":14,"institution":503,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":509,"abstract":510},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054069","How Processions Moved: Sound and Space in the Performance of Urban Ritual, c.1400–c.1700","€2,499,554","Processions were quintessentially performative acts that infused a sense of identity among the urban community by linking the emblematic topography of the city and creating performative spaces of enhanced ritual activity and distinctive auditory landscapes. The premise of Soundspace is that hermeneutic study of the procession as performance affords insight into the dynamic workings of society and the experience of urban life. It aims to go beyond this to assess the impact of urban ritual on part",{"id":512,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":513,"piName":14,"institution":503,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":514,"abstract":515},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052787","Intergenerational Coresidence in Global Perspective: Dimensions of Change","€1,964,375","Radical transformations in the family are occurring across the globe. Decades of demographic, economic and cultural change have brought about great changes in family life and households. The CORESIDENCE project investigates a crucial, although unanticipated, facet of these transformations: the global rise of intergenerational coresidence (IgC) among adult children and their parents. This shift is occurring in a variety of demographic, economic and cultural contexts and appears to run counter to ",{"id":517,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":518,"piName":14,"institution":519,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":520,"abstract":521},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053352","The cardiac neurovascular interface in aging","JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE-UNIVERSITAET FRANKFURT AM MAIN","€2,486,183","Aging is a major risk factor for impaired cardiovascular health. The aging myocardium is characterized by endothelial cell dysfunction, diastolic and systolic impairment, increased hypertrophy and fibrosis and electrophysiological alterations that predisposes the elderly to arrhythmic risk. The mechanism of age-associated pathophysiological alterations are incompletely understood. In preliminary data, we report that aging is associated with a decline in axon density in the heart. Since vessels a",{"id":523,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":524,"piName":14,"institution":525,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":526,"abstract":527},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055179","Reversing vaccine hypo-responsiveness","ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS LEIDEN","€2,372,681","Prevention of infectious diseases through vaccination is one of the greatest achievements of medicine, yet there is growing realisation that vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy varies greatly across populations in high- versus low\u002Fmiddle- income countries (LMIC) and in urban- versus rural areas within one country. For example, whereas vaccination of volunteers in Europe with attenuated malaria vaccine can result in 100% protection, the efficacy drops to only 29% when tested in Africa, where it i",{"id":529,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":530,"piName":14,"institution":470,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":531,"abstract":532},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055023","Uncovering the inner workings of galaxies at cosmic noon","€1,945,250","Lookback studies have assembled a fairly complete census of galaxies over 85% of cosmic time and established that the bulk of stars, which today reside in massive ellipticals and spirals, formed rapidly at redshift z~1–3.  Most of this star formation took place in massive gas-rich, turbulent disks, which already followed tight scaling relations in their global properties, and in which dense bulges, fast growing central black holes, and galactic winds were ubiquitous.  The next frontier is to unc",{"id":534,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":535,"piName":14,"institution":470,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":536,"abstract":537},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052783","In situ analysis of chaperone mediated protein folding and stability","€2,136,875","Molecular chaperones mediate protein folding and conformational maintenance. Failure of these fundamental cellular functions results in a breakdown of protein homeostasis (proteostasis) and facilitates the manifestation of diseases associated with protein aggregation. Much progress has been made in understanding the mechanisms of individual chaperone systems, such as the Hsp70s and the chaperonins, based on analyses in vitro. How these machineries function in the intact cell is not well understo",{"id":539,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":540,"piName":14,"institution":470,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":541,"abstract":542},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054512","Revealing the Landscape of Synaptic Diversity by Cell type- and Synapse-specific Proteomics and Transcriptomics","€2,498,575","Synapses differ in their shape, size, and function and exhibit ongoing plasticity during the development and modification of neural circuits. The structural diversity of synapses is largely known whereas the molecular diversity of synapses is much less well understood. While most synaptic molecules have been identified by immunolabeling and bulk proteomic approaches, the complement of proteins present at individual synapse types, as well as their stoichiometric relationships with other molecules",{"id":544,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":545,"piName":14,"institution":425,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":546},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054704","Precision measurements in molecules with frequency combs","Precise frequency measurements enable accurate determinations of physical constants, stringent tests of fundamental theories and searches for possible drifts of the fundamental constants. Simple atoms, hydrogen in particular, have long been the dedicated systems for confronting experimental data and accurate quantum electrodynamics theoretical calculations. With continued progress to ab initio calculations, precision measurements in small molecules, such as molecular hydrogen H2, are gaining muc",{"id":548,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":549,"piName":14,"institution":550,"country":378,"year":13,"amount":551,"abstract":552},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054584","Quantifying and controlling the mechanisms responsible for mineral behaviour: Dissolution, adsorption and crystal growth","DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET","€3,499,625","Ability to quantify the mechanisms of organic molecule control on mineral behaviour would provide predictive ability, a key for solving the serious Earth science challenges society faces. This has been difficult because molecular scale processes are often beyond resolution limits but even tiny amounts of an organic compound can dramatically alter mineral properties. My overall objective is to gain previously inaccessible insight into the controls on dissolution and growth in the silicate system,",{"id":554,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":555,"piName":14,"institution":556,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":557,"abstract":558},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053291","Formalisation of Constructive Univalent Type Theory","GOETEBORGS UNIVERSITET","€2,499,776","There has been in the past 15 years remarkable achievements in the field of interactive theorem proving, both forchecking complex software and checking non trivial mathematical proofs.For software correctness, X. Leroy  (INRIA and College de France)has been leading since 2006 the CompCert project, with a fully verified C compiler.For mathematical proofs, these systems could handle complex arguments,such as the proof of the 4 color theorem or the formal proof of Feit-Thompson TheoremMore recently",{"id":560,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":561,"piName":14,"institution":556,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":562,"abstract":563},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053962","Fluid Biomarkers for Neurodegenerative Dementias","€2,422,973","Critical to our understanding of Alzheimers disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative dementias (NDDs), as well as to finding disease-modifying therapies, is the development of biomarkers for the underlying disease processes. To facilitate improved diagnostics and drug discovery, we have developed methods to measure markers of amyloid and tau pathology, central and peripheral nervous system injury, astrocytic and microglial activation, as well as neuroinflammation. Our most exciting advancement i",{"id":565,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":566,"piName":14,"institution":567,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":568,"abstract":569},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055379","Fluorides for 2D Next-Generation Nanoelectronics","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN","€2,498,609","The IRDS roadmap considers two-dimensional (2D) materials a promising option for scaling electronicdevices down to atomic dimensions. While there has been a lot of progress regarding 2D semiconductors,all electronic devices require suitable insulators as well. Although a major show-stopper, insulators havereceived far less attention and their is no clear roadmap as to which insulators can be used for ultimatelyscaled nanoelectronics.My group was recently first to demonstrate back-gated 2D FETs u",{"id":571,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":572,"piName":14,"institution":567,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":573,"abstract":574},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055088","Correlation-driven metallic topology","€3,356,483","Developments in the past decade have shaped the term topological quantum matter.In the solid state, much progress has been made on non- and weakly-interactingsystems and correlated insulators, but gapless topological phases governed bystrong correlations are a completely open challenge. They are of great interestbecause a wealth of new quantum phases with new properties and functionalitiesare expected.The PI and her collaborators have recently discovered one such phase - theWeyl-Kondo semimetal ",{"id":576,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":577,"piName":14,"institution":578,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":579,"abstract":580},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052639","Mitochondrial Precursor Proteins in the Cytosol as Major Determinants of Cellular Health","RHEINLAND-PFALZISCHE TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT","€2,334,450","Mitochondria are made of 800 to 1500 proteins which represent up to 30% of the cellular mass. Owing to their post-translational mode of import, mitochondrial precursor proteins explore the cytosol before they are imported into mitochondria. These reactions are of utmost importance for cellular functionality since cytosolic precursors pose a major threat of cellular proteostasis and are major drivers in aging and for the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Still, the biology of cytosolic ",{"id":582,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":583,"piName":14,"institution":584,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":585},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055472","Early-Stage Organocatalysis","MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FUER KOHLENFORSCHUNG","Organocatalysis has drastically advanced stereoselective chemical synthesis. From an underdeveloped niche area, it has become the most frequently applied approach to asymmetric synthesis. Organocatalysis is also developing into a technology, which can be used to make pharmaceuticals, scents, and other fine chemicals. However, the early stages of industrial chemistry, the upgrading of hydrocarbon-based alkenes, arenes, and alkanes, are still largely dominated by heterogeneous and transition metal",{"id":587,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":588,"piName":14,"institution":476,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":589,"abstract":590},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052956","Beyond hyperelasticity: a virgin land of extreme materials","€2,476,084","Beyond bifurcation, beyond instability, beyond even hyper-elasticity (!) there is an unexplored world of superior materials, capable of introducing a high-tech revolution and even influencing our daily lives. Surpassing bifurcation and instability yields unprecedented deformational capabilities and going beyond the concept of the elastic potential leads to materials capable of absorbing energy from the environment in a closed cycle of deformation and releasing it upon request. The road to this n",{"id":592,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":593,"piName":14,"institution":594,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":595},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053857","Engineering homeostasis into living materials","INM - LEIBNIZ-INSTITUT FUER NEUE MATERIALIEN GEMEINNUETZIGE GMBH","Engineered Living Materials (ELMs) are dynamically emerging at the intersection of synthetic biology and materials sciences and are providing solutions in a rapidly growing number of application fields. Current areas of application comprise, for example, biomedicine, textiles, sensors, soft robotics, electronics, or construction materials. From a conceptual point of view, ELMs provide the opportunity of endowing materials with properties and functions long sought for in materials sciences, such ",{"id":597,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":598,"piName":14,"institution":599,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":600,"abstract":601},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054664","Scenarios and Principles for Antiferromagnetic Recording: taming spins coherently and ultrafast","STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITEIT","€3,500,000","Thermodynamics tells us that controlling the magnetic state of media at increasingly higher rates and simultaneously consuming less energy are mutually exclusive. This fundamental dilemma has dramatic societal and environmental consequences as data centres are rapidly becoming the biggest consumers of electricity world-wide.SPARTACUS proposes to resolve this fundamental dilemma and thereby to inspire conceptually new technology for ultrafast, nearly non-dissipative data storage.State-of-the-art ",{"id":603,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":604,"piName":14,"institution":605,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":606,"abstract":607},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054846","Photons and Electrons on the Move","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE CIENCIES FOTONIQUES","€2,498,355","The conversion of sunlight photons to electrons is the essence of the natural photosynthesis that powers life. Dedicated antennas funnel the suns energy towards reaction centres. Amazingly, nature reaches almost perfect photon-to-electron conversion efficiency, while it regulates down at high light level for protection and survival.How does nature dynamically re-organize the membrane architecture, its packing, order, diffusion, on light stress? Which pathways are taken to charge separation? What",{"id":609,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":610,"piName":14,"institution":204,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":611,"abstract":612},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054500","Quantum Simulation with Long-Range-Interacting Dysprosium and Erbium: from Microscopy to Rydberg Tweezers","€2,498,160","DyMETEr aims at creating novel quantum platforms of enhanced capability by using ultracold Erbium and Dysprosium atoms as building-block to unprecedentedly access many-body phases of dipolar mixtures, dipolar-gas microscopy, and multi-valence-electron Rydberg quantum simulators.  By pushing the limits of interaction control using tailored optical potentials and Rydberg excitations, as well as state read-out through the application of quantum-gas-microscopy techniques, we will harness the multi-v",{"id":614,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":615,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":616,"abstract":617},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055413","Phase Contrast STEM for Cryo-EM","€2,499,987","Cryo-electron microscopy has revolutionized the field of structural biology, primarily for macromolecular structure but also for cells and tissue sections—achieving resolutions at the limit of physical optics. While wide-field transmission EM (TEM) with phase contrast by defocus is the most commonly used modality in biology, the alternative, scanning transmission EM (STEM), has emerged as the mode of choice for atomic resolution in materials science. Seeking to endow biology with the benefits of",{"id":619,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":620,"piName":14,"institution":621,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":622,"abstract":623},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055053","Bio-inspired AntiMicrobial Bone BIoceramics: Deciphering contact-based  biocidal mechanisms","UNIVERSITAT POLITECNICA DE CATALUNYA","€2,497,334","Bacterial bone infections are one of the great challenges of orthopaedic and maxillofacial surgery, aggravated by antibiotic resistance, a serious health threat responsible for 700,000 deaths per year. The recent discovery of the bactericidal properties of some naturally occurring surface topographies has opened a new avenue of research. However, there is incomplete knowledge of the mechanisms of action and too many unanswered questions to translate these advances into clinical use. BAMBBI aims ",{"id":625,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":626,"piName":14,"institution":627,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":628},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055097","Design and Engineering of Optoelectronic Metamaterials","RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN","One of the promises of the combination of quantum mechanics and nanotechnology is the ability to design materials with tailor-made physical properties. While there have been several successful examples, as in the case of metamaterials for photonic applications, where colour and refractive index can be tuned by a smart design of the material structure, the development of similar metamaterials for other applications has been lagging behind. In this proposal, I aim to capitalize the body of work do",{"id":630,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":631,"piName":14,"institution":627,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":632,"abstract":633},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053054","Two-dimensional magnon and spin gases in magnetic Van der Waals heterostructures","€2,495,000","Dimensionality plays a crucial role in the physical properties of condensed matter systems. In the last century, the optimization of FET technology led to the discovery of a new state of matter, in which quantum mechanics fully confines any electron motion to parallel to the interfaces, i.e.  the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG).Magnons, the elementary excitations of the ground state magnetic order (either ferro, ferri, or antiferromagnetic) also carry spin. In high-quality magnetic materials",{"id":635,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":636,"piName":14,"institution":637,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":638,"abstract":639},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052538","Deciphering de novo gene birth in populations","FUNDACIO INSTITUT HOSPITAL DEL MAR D INVESTIGACIONS MEDIQUES","€2,453,751","Genes are fundamental units of life and their origin has fascinated researchers since the beginning of the molecular era. Many of the studies on the formation of new genes in genomes have focused on gene duplication and subsequent divergence of the two gene copies. But, in recent years, we have learnt that genes can also arise de novo from previously non-genic sequences. The discovery of de novo genes has become possible by the sequencing of complete genomes and the comparison of gene sets betwe",{"id":641,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":642,"piName":14,"institution":643,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":644},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053225","Targeting the circadian clock in personalized disease prevention","MEDIZINISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN","Virtually every cell of our body follows the 24-hr ‘circadian’ rhythm of a hypothalamic master pacemaker that evolved in the natural light-dark cycle. Decoding this circadian clock culminated in the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2017 for the discovery of molecular mechanisms controlling the circadian rhythm. It is now recognized that a strong, unperturbed circadian clock is a hallmark of healthy aging. The introduction of electric light, however, presents unique challenges: today, 20% of",{"id":646,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":647,"piName":14,"institution":470,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":648,"abstract":649},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054447","Understanding the molecular principles governing mRNP architecture","€2,171,250","Eukaryotic messenger ribonucleoprotein (mRNP) particles are the functional entities that carry genetic information to the protein synthesizing machinery. These ribonucleoprotein complexes are dynamic and diverse, as highlighted by the copious number of proteins and transcripts identified in global proteomic and transcriptomic studies. However, little is known about the composition and architecture of individual mRNPs, and how changes in mRNP structure relate to their function or to dysfunction. ",{"id":651,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":652,"piName":14,"institution":627,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":653,"abstract":654},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053661","Computational Microscopy of Cells","€2,498,148","As an integral part of cell architecture, cell membranes are central to cell functioning. Comprising a heterogeneous mixture of proteins and lipids, cell membranes are constantly adapting their structural organization to regulate cellular processes. Malfunction at the level of lipid-protein interaction is implicated in numerous diseases , and hence, understanding cell membrane organization at the molecular level is of critical importance. Unfortunately, our current understanding is limited, whic",{"id":656,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":657,"piName":14,"institution":470,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":658,"abstract":659},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055435","Development and Application of Ultrafast Low-Energy Electron Microscopy","€2,488,216","This proposal aims at the development and application of Ultrafast Low-Energy Electron Microscopy (ULEEM), a new experimental technique for studying dynamics at surfaces. It addresses a key question in ultrafast surface science, namely the observation of rapid structural changes with high spatial and temporal resolution, and with ultimate surface sensitivity down to the monolayer level. In order to achieve this goal, a number of conceptual and technological challenges will need to be addressed.T",{"id":661,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":662,"piName":14,"institution":663,"country":664,"year":13,"amount":665,"abstract":666},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053801","New superconducting quantum-electric device concept utilizing increased anharmonicity, simple structure, and insensitivity to charge and flux noise","AALTO KORKEAKOULUSAATIO SR","FI","€2,498,759","Quantum technology is an exciting field where new scientific discoveries have great potential to be used in practical applications such as in quantum computing. Although quantum supremacy has been recently demonstrated in fully superconducting qubits, there is a major challenge in promoting these many-qubit processors feasible for technological applications and advanced science experiments: fidelity of all qubit operations well above 99.9% in a power-efficient control and readout architecture is",{"id":668,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":669,"piName":14,"institution":519,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":670,"abstract":671},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054899","Clonal hematopoesis of indeterminate potential and degenerative aortic valve stenosis","€2,225,906","Degenerative aortic valve stenosis is the most common acquire heart valve disease and will continue to increase as a result of an aging population. There is currently no medical therapy established to halt progression of aortic stenosis and the only definitive treatment is aortic valve replacement either by surgery or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Without valve replacement, the 2 year mortality rate approximates 50 % once patients are symptomatic. Although a number of general ri",{"id":673,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":674,"piName":14,"institution":675,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":676,"abstract":677},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055448","Geometry Processing as Inference","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT BERLIN","€2,496,559","Geometry Processing is concerned with algorithms and data structures for representing and processing three-dimensional shapes. Techniques in geometry processing have been developed over the last three decades and are now driving real-world applications in various industries.  Geometry processing algorithms may be interpreted as components of digital signal processing or machine learning, solving inference problems: given an incomplete description of the geometry, commonly based on point samples,",{"id":679,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":680,"piName":14,"institution":681,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":682,"abstract":683},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055120","Beyond the Standard Model: Coherent Neutrino Scattering at the European Spallation Source","FUNDACION DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CENTER","€2,795,294","Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CEvNS), a recently discovered process of neutrino interaction, provides numerous opportunities to search for physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). The CEvNS cross-section, much larger than for any other coupling, results in a dramatic miniaturization of neutrino detectors. However, the faint signals generated (few-keV nuclear recoils, NRs) require advanced detector technologies. The unprecedented neutrino flux from the upcoming European Spallation ",{"id":685,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":686,"piName":14,"institution":687,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":688,"abstract":689},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055025","Hardware-assisted Adaptive Cross-Layer Security for Computing Systems","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT DARMSTADT","€2,485,281","Today's computing systems are facing an unprecedented security threat posed by recent attacks that use software to exploit hardware vulnerabilities, as shown by attacks like Spectre, Meltdown, Foreshadow, and follow-ups - affecting a wide range of computing platforms and manufacturers, including Intel, AMD, and ARM. These cross-layer attacks reach far beyond exploiting microarchitectural vulnerabilities and allow unprivileged software to exploit a variety of hardware design and implementation fl",{"id":691,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":692,"piName":14,"institution":693,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":694,"abstract":695},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054369","The brain erythropoietin cycle as driver of adaptive neuroplasticity via functional hypoxia","ZENTRALINSTITUT FUER SEELISCHE GESUNDHEIT","€2,495,594","Cognitive disability and decline play key roles in neuropsychiatric conditions but lack effective therapies. Erythropoietin (EPO) is a hypoxia-inducible growth factor, named after its original description in erythropoiesis. We discovered - by 'reverse approach' (human trials first) - that recombinant human (rh) EPO has potent procognitive effects, hematopoiesis-independent. Searching for mechanistic insight in mice, we saw that rhEPO markedly drives differentiation\u002Fmaturation of pyramidal neuron",{"id":697,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":698,"piName":14,"institution":699,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":700,"abstract":701},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055141","Mechanistic Systems modelling of plant environmental adaptation  and CAM photosynthesis engineering","HEINRICH-HEINE-UNIVERSITAET DUESSELDORF","€1,711,101","A major goal of evolutionary biology is to reconstruct evolutionary trajectories and outcomes from mechanistic descriptions of the interactions between organisms and their environment. This goal is rarely reached due to the complexity of these interactions and their effects on fitness. Recent advances in computer technology that facilitate the solution and optimization of large mathematical systems have now brought such models into reach. In MECHSYS, I propose to develop a computational framewor",{"id":703,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":704,"piName":14,"institution":705,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":706,"abstract":707},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054921","From understanding to rational design of next-generation cancer therapies","STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITAIR MEDISCH CENTRUM","€2,499,893","Immunotherapy combined with cytotoxic and molecular therapies have entered centre stage as novel treatments for cancer. Despite this advance, toxicity and insufficient efficacy in many patients remain major obstacles and illustrate the need for therapy improvement based on a deeper understanding of the cellular damage and repair responses to drugs and immunotherapy. To overcome this roadblock, I propose a previously unappreciated approach by combining immunotherapy with cancer therapies at ultra",{"id":709,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":710,"piName":14,"institution":711,"country":228,"year":13,"amount":712,"abstract":713},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054647","The Age of Civil Wars in Europe, c. 1914-1949","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN","€2,499,940","In the first half of the twentieth century, Europe experienced an unparalleled number of civil wars resulting in millions of deaths. Civil war, as much as inter-state war, was a defining feature of the period for many European societies, from Ireland in the west and Russia in the east, to Finland in the north and Spain and Greece in the south. Since the 1990s, a rich and increasingly sophisticated body of literature has emerged on individual incidents of civil war, ranging from military studies ",{"id":715,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":716,"piName":14,"institution":717,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":718,"abstract":719},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053168","Why a new neutrino telescope? Because we can.","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€3,169,384","For over a century, ultra-high energy cosmic rays (CR) have been observed by scientists, but their energy and place of production remain a mystery. At very high energies, neutrinos generated by CR carry messages from, e.g., the verge of supermassive black holes, but here our understanding is limited. Tracking neutrinos offers a way to trace the origin of the highest energetic particles in the universe. The stumbling block is that neutrinos, the ghost particles, are notoriously tough to detect. A",{"id":721,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":722,"piName":14,"institution":723,"country":378,"year":13,"amount":724,"abstract":725},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054718","X-chromosome driven speciation through testes-expressed genes:  comparative population genomics meets scRNA analysis in primates","AARHUS UNIVERSITET","€2,499,369","Primate X chromosomes evolve extraordinary fast and are also tightly associated with the establishment of reproductive barriers between emerging species.The hypothesis of this proposal is that genetic conflicts between the X chromosome and the rest of the genome during spermatogenesis cause rapid X chromosome evolution and build reproductive barriers. Genetic conflicts for transmission to haploid gametes, called meiotic drive, will cause non-adaptive evolution, which is expected to be countered ",{"id":727,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":728,"piName":14,"institution":729,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":730,"abstract":731},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055234","Stem and niche cell dynamics in normal and pathological conditions","INSTITUT PASTEUR","€2,499,600","Coherent tissue growth and repair require an interplay between stem cells and their local and systemic environment. The dynamics of this process remains poorly defined particularly at the intersection with disease. Cellular quiescence is adopted by many adult stem cells, conferring them several features including a smaller cell volume and reduced metabolic demand, suggesting that quiescence preserves stem cell properties making them less responsive to external cues. We examined the status of ske",{"id":733,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":734,"piName":14,"institution":311,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":391,"abstract":735},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054465","Reversing T cell dysfunction in cancer by multimodal genetic screening","T cell dysfunction is a key problem in cancer, enabling not only tumorigenesis but also causing resistance to immunotherapy. Induction of immune checkpoints is a hallmark of T cell dysfunction, but clinical blockade by PD-1 and CTLA-4 antibodies solves this problem for few patients only. Dysfunction is driven also by additional mechanisms, including chronic stimulation and metabolic insufficiency. A better mechanistic understanding will be imperative for improving immunotherapy.  My laboratory r",{"id":737,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":738,"piName":14,"institution":185,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":739},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055341","Developing novel single-cell technologies to model and perturb intra-tumor interactions and signaling – an innovation program for the next generation of immunotherapies","Single-cell genomic technologies have transformed many fields of research. We here seek to do just that in synthetic-immunology and immunotherapy. At present, our understanding of the complex crosstalk within the tumor microenvironment (TME) is still piecemeal, as is our ability to effectively engineer the immune system to attack tumor cells in spite of the robust immune-suppression signaling of the tumor. In line, current immunotherapies are effective only in a small subset of tumor types and p",{"id":741,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":742,"piName":14,"institution":743,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":744,"abstract":745},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053122","Mechanobiology of cancer progression","POLITECNICO DI MILANO","€2,498,690","Invasive cancers are a leading cause of death worldwide, with almost ten million deaths per year caused by resistance to antitumor treatments. In breast cancer, aggressiveness correlates with fibrotic stiffening of the tumour. There is an urgent need to understand how the fibrotic microenvironment evolves, to design better targeted cancer therapies. Fibrotic stiffening is caused by fibroblasts secretion of a matrix with mechanical properties that stabilise the tumour vascular network. However, t",{"id":747,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":748,"piName":14,"institution":470,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":749,"abstract":750},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054341","Genetic Engineering of Regulatory Evolution","€2,490,354","The regulation of genes is generally accepted to play a key role in shaping phenotypes. However, how regulatory sequence encodes complex morphological structures remains unsolved. This is due to our lack of understanding of how enhancers, promoters, and other regulatory components work together to control and fine-tune gene expression. As such, one of the major challenges of the post-genomic era is to uncover the sequence code that controls gene expression and, ultimately, the phenotype. In GenR",{"id":752,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":753,"piName":14,"institution":754,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":755,"abstract":756},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055309","Innate lymphoid cells and tissue adaptation to changing metabolic needs","CHARITE - UNIVERSITAETSMEDIZIN BERLIN","€2,379,266","Border surfaces of vertebrate organisms are in constant exchange with their habitat. Host cell networks consisting of epithelial cells, stroma and tissue-resident immune cells continuously integrate signals from the environment, a process by which an organism becomes better suited to its habitat (i.e., adaptation). Our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of such homeostatic processes is in its infancy, yet they are decisive for proper organ function. Recently, we and others have identif",{"id":758,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":759,"piName":14,"institution":760,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":761,"abstract":762},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052764","Printed Computing: Enabling Extremely Low Cost Pervasive Near Sensor Computing","KARLSRUHER INSTITUT FUER TECHNOLOGIE","€2,499,286","A large number of important domains - such as fast moving consumer goods and personalized medicine - have still not seen the benefits of computing, mainly due to high production costs of rigid silicon technologies. Printed electronics based on additive manufacturing processes holds promise of meeting cost and conformity needs of such applications.  However, the realization of traditional digital processor architectures is infeasible due to constraints of low-cost manufacturing, such as form fact",{"id":764,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":765,"piName":14,"institution":760,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":766},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054327","Millimetre-Wave Superconducting Quantum Circuits","I propose an experimental program to investigate quantum-coherent properties of superconducting circuits at frequencies one order of magnitude larger than those demonstrated until now. My idea is to develop a new generation of superconducting qubits with significantly increased energy level separation between their ground and the first excited states. Pushing the operation frequency of superconducting qubits up offers a number of potential technological advantages. Due to the increased level sep",{"id":768,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":769,"piName":14,"institution":760,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":770,"abstract":771},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054577","Bismuth Cluster-Based Materials","€2,499,038","Bi-based nanostructures provide us with extraordinary chances of addressing chemical and physical ways of energy conversion, catalysis and optical devices as environmentally benign and stable smart materials. However, methods used so far to manufacture nanostructured Bi-based materials are heavily restricted with regard to the control of molecular structures and atomic compositions of the targeted compounds. Herein, we present an innovative chemical methodology of creating Bi-based materials fro",{"id":773,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":774,"piName":14,"institution":775,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":776},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054300","Embodied Ecologies: A collaborative inquiry into how people sense, know,  and act to reduce chemical exposures in everyday urban life.","WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY","Among the existential threats that require lifestyle and policy changes for humans to live within the boundaries of planetary sustainability, one issue remains both under-studied and under-regulated: our growing use of synthetic chemicals that accumulate in our bodies, leading to a range of serious health problems. There is a grim, emerging consensus that the problem is beyond our control, with the unknown cumulative effects of exposures rendering the establishing of causal relationships between",{"id":778,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":779,"piName":14,"institution":780,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":781,"abstract":782},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052603","Powering wearable devices by human heat with highly efficient, flexible, bio-inspired generators","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","€2,499,266","Self-powered wearable electronic devices will be key technologies for future portable electronic systems in the Internet of Everything (IoE). However, their potential is limited because of their need for batteries, which are bulky, heavy, lack the flexibility to be adapted to the human body, and require frequent recharging or replacement. In that context, flexible thermoelectric generators (TEGs) that capture the body’s heat and convert it into electrical energy are a potentially promising and s",{"id":784,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":785,"piName":14,"institution":780,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":786},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054177","Determinants of island ecological complexity in the context of global change","Biodiversity is declining globally at an unprecedented rate. Representing ~30% of the biodiversity hotspots, islands are particularly vulnerable to anthropogenic activities, indeed 80% of reported extinctions are island species. Yet, unique island biodiversity – which includes not only the species but also the myriad of interactions among them – is still greatly unknown. It is thus urgent to describe it and forecast the consequences of its annihilation so we can mitigate the effect of further lo",{"id":788,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":789,"piName":14,"institution":790,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":791,"abstract":792},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054428","The Game: Counter-mapping informal refugee mobilities along the Balkan Route","ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - UNIVERSITA DI BOLOGNA","€2,473,760","The Balkan Route is the most important overland informal migration corridor in Europe, taken by thousands of refugees every year. Linking Greece to Western Europe across Bulgaria, Romania, Albania, North Macedonia, Kosovo, Montenegro, Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Slovenia, and Croatia, the Route is a complex geography of formal and informal, visible and ‘invisible’ sites; an assemblage of diverse actors, camps, borders, violence, solidarity, and a multiplicity of micro-routes, constantly adapting",{"id":794,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":795,"piName":14,"institution":790,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":796,"abstract":797},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055185","Hyperdimensional Modelling of the  Legal System in Digital Society","€2,494,509","In 2018, the Government of New Zealand started a project called Rules as Code. In 2020, it proposed to OECD-OPSI the adoption of coding methodology (see Cracking Code report) to create a macro-schema of Law, legally binding, that generates legal text in natural language. It resembles a reverse engineering approach with respect to the predominant method. It is backed by legal theory and AI&Law literature, where the digitalization of Legal Sources is performed from the legal provisions, expressed ",{"id":799,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":800,"piName":14,"institution":801,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":802},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054340","Evolutionary and Molecular Determinants of a Nutritional Polyphenism","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE POUR L'AGRICULTURE, L'ALIMENTATION ET L'ENVIRONNEMENT","Environmental fluctuations are a general challenge for organisms, exacerbated in the context of global change. Many animals evolve phenotypically plastic responses to adjust to new conditions. Polyphenism is an original mechanism that produces specialized morphs to track environmental changes. Whether the molecular mechanisms underlying polyphenism evolve from the acquisition of novel genes or the rewiring of conserved environment-sensing pathways is an unresolved and challenging question as it ",{"id":804,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":805,"piName":14,"institution":806,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":807,"abstract":808},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055319","Supersolids: unveiling an extraordinary quantum phase of matter","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE","€2,065,000","Supersolids are a paradoxical quantum phase of matter that combines the properties of superfluids and crystals, searched for long time in quantum solids and many other systems. Recently, we discovered a novel cluster phase in a quantum gas of magnetic atoms which realizes a supersolid. However, the limited size, the inhomogeneity, and the lack of appropriate detection methods have allowed so far to assess only very basic properties of supersolids. Here I propose an innovative density-phase micro",{"id":810,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":811,"piName":14,"institution":173,"country":174,"year":13,"amount":812,"abstract":813},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055176","Anticipating the impact of armed conflict on human development","€2,499,155","Armed conflict is human development in reverse. The full scale of conflicts’ impacts remains unknown, however, and fragmentation of research into multiple academic fields limits our understanding. This multidisciplinary project brings together scholars from economics, epidemiology, political science, and conflict research to study the impacts in much more detail and comprehensiveness than earlier studies. It takes a risk analysis perspective, assessing the expected impact as a function of hazard",{"id":815,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":816,"piName":14,"institution":817,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":818,"abstract":819},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054564","Deciphering cellular and molecular mechanisms of β-cell regeneration","HELMHOLTZ ZENTRUM MUENCHEN DEUTSCHES FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FUER GESUNDHEIT UND UMWELT GMBH","€2,446,645","Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) therapy was shown to regenerate β-cells in mice, but this did not translate to human. Early or intensive insulin therapy maintains residual β-cell function, but also causes weight gain and hypoglycaemia. Thus, currently no drug treatment can safely stop the progression of diabetes, a disease characterized by loss or dysfunction of insulin-producing β-cells.In breakthrough discoveries we identified the insulin inhibitory receptor (inceptor) as a druggable target fo",{"id":821,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":822,"piName":14,"institution":823,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":824,"abstract":825},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052997","Engineered Particles for Chemical Communication","UNIVERSITAT POLITECNICA DE VALENCIA","€2,499,193","This project aims to the development of communication at the nanoscale and to advance in the understanding of how abiotic micro\u002Fnanoparticles can communicate between them and how micro\u002Fnanoparticles can communicate with living systems. In this context, an approach for establishing communication at the nanometric level is to mimic how nature communicates. Chemical or molecular communication, based on transmitting and receiving information by means of molecules (chemical messengers) is one of the ",{"id":827,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":828,"piName":14,"institution":829,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":830,"abstract":831},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055013","Nanoscale Isotropic 3D Resolution using Omni-view Structured Light Sheet Microscopy","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","€2,293,558","After spectacular advances in microscopy, a next leap is needed to enable biological studies at the deep sub-cellular scale of cells in their native multi-cellular tissue environment. Currently, it is impossible to image in 3D with isotropic resolutions below 100 nm over volumes larger than (100 micron)^3. I want to disprove the paradigm that there should always be a trade-off between resolution, imaging volume and sample longevity. Building on my track record in super-resolution microscopy, I p",{"id":833,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":834,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":836,"abstract":837},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053020","From Dust to Planets: A Novel Approach to Constrain Dust Growth and the Planet Forming Zone in Disks","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€2,487,721","Exoplanets are frequent around Solar-like stars, as shown by Large Surveys. They are formed by the growth of dust and accumulation of gas contained in protoplanetary disks surrounding young stars. To form planets, the classic Core-Accretion scenario is the main framework today, but it appears to be too slow given the short lifetimes of disks. Theoretical additions to Core-Accretion exist to speed it up. They all hypothesize that disks contain a massive, dense, and flat layer of pebbles in the mi",{"id":839,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":840,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":841,"abstract":842},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054117","Non-Stationary Non-Homogeneous Turbulence","€2,499,514","A wide range of radical technological breakthroughs are needed across all industries and engineering because of the dramatic current climatic, environmental and population growth constraints on energy, energy efficiency, polution and emissions. Turbulent flows are a key limiting factor in a vast range of these industries including the aeronautical, automotive, chemical, pharmaceutical and environmental engineering industries to name but a few. Step-change technological innovations in these indus",{"id":844,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":845,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":846,"abstract":847},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055423","n-Dimensional analysis and memorisation ecosystem for building cathedrals of knowledge in Heritage Science","€2,468,909","The research on cultural heritage makes the confrontation between material objects and multidisciplinary studies the arena for the production of collective knowledge. In the digital age, this is then a privileged framework for studying the collective analysis and interpretation of facts, objects and phenomena that bring together a new generation of data towards the construction of new scientific resources - our tomorrows heritage. How can one memorise these bundles of individual gazes converging",{"id":849,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":850,"piName":14,"institution":851,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":852,"abstract":853},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054994","High Temperature Dynamics of Metals and the Earth’s Solid Inner Core","UNIVERSITE DE LILLE","€2,498,805","The Earths inner-core (IC) is 1220 km radius planet within the Earth, made of solid iron (Fe) crystallizing from the outer core (OC) as the Earth cools down. The IC affects our life at the surface; its growth provides a major source of energy for maintaining the Earths magnetic field. One may view the IC as a freezing ball of Fe floating at the center of the OC, but seismic exploration reveal structures of increasing complexity, raising fundamental questions on the history and internal dynamics ",{"id":855,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":856,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":857},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054004","Dual challenges in the discovery and sustainability of nanozeolites: controlling defect sites and structural flexibility","Zeolites are a class of nanoporous crystalline inorganic materials that rank among the most versatile catalysts and are capable of facilitating the development of sustainable chemistry, separation and emerging processes. The aim of ZEOLIghT is to understand the fundamental molecular-level interactions leading to specific crystallization events of nanozeolites to direct their properties. The three challenges are: 1. rational formation of molecularly-ordered precursors with different tetrahedral (",{"id":859,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":860,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":861,"abstract":862},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054558","Deciphering the Oxidizing Capacity of the PAST atmosphere","€3,186,183","Atmospheric chemistry is an essential component of the functioning of the Earth's climate. It determines the atmospheric lifetime of most climatic agents, impacting the nature and concentrations of aerosols, greenhouse gases, cloud formations. Determining how this chemical reactivity has evolved in the past is essential, both for evaluating chemistry-climate models (CCM) and for establishing future climate trajectories. The chemical activity of the atmosphere is driven by highly reactive atmosph",{"id":864,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":865,"piName":14,"institution":866,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":867},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054470","Presence and Role of Organic Matter in Icy Satellites and ExtraSolar planets","NANTES UNIVERSITE","There is growing evidence that heavy organic molecules are a major component of the outer solar system bodies such as icy moons, comets, and Trans-Neptunian Objects (TNOs). Density profiles inferred from measurements of space missions require a low-density component in the core of the largest objects such as Ganymede and Titan. These observations suggest that a previously overlooked low-density component, identified as carbonaceous organic matter (COM), is one of the three main components, in ad",{"id":869,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":870,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":871,"abstract":872},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052601","Spontaneous interfacial oxidant formation as a key driver for aerosol oxidation","€2,726,588","Aerosols and clouds are key players in tropospheric chemistry. These tiny particles suspended in the air, with a radius ranging from a few nanometres to tens of micrometres, impact atmospheric composition, represent one of the largest uncertainties in climatic projections and cause millions of deaths worldwide every year. Hence, they have enormous societal and economic consequences. Nonetheless, there is still a knowledge gap preventing us from describing the chemical evolution of aerosols and c",{"id":874,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":875,"piName":14,"institution":876,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":877,"abstract":878},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055186","Simulation-enhanced High-density Magnetomyographic Quantum Sensor Systems for Decoding Neuromuscular Control During Motion","UNIVERSITY OF STUTTGART","€3,499,763","Being able to decode neural signals that control skeletal muscles with high accuracy will enable scientific breakthroughs in diagnostics and treatment, including early detection of neurodegenerative diseases, optimising personalised treatment or gene therapy, and assistive technologies like neuroprostheses. This breakthrough will require technology that is able to record signals from skeletal muscles in sufficient detail to allow the morpho-functional state of the neuromuscular system to be extr",{"id":880,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":881,"piName":14,"institution":882,"country":174,"year":13,"amount":883,"abstract":884},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054147","Moral residue - epistemological ramifications, ethical implications and didactic opportunities","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","€2,455,263","This project is a contribution to moral philosophy, to the didactics of transformative reading and to medical ethics education. It examines moral residue (MR); the distress experience common among health care practitioners as well as other moral agents of recognizing what they take to be their own failure to meet a moral requirement, despite not being fully blameworthy for that failure; and which they express through regret or anguish. Our overall aim is threefold: (1) to substantially advance t",{"id":886,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":887,"piName":14,"institution":829,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":888},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054658","Practical oxyfunctionalisation biocatalysts by engineering monooxygenases into peroxyzymes.","Chemistry is far away from being a mature science: many desirable transformations are still out of scope. One important example is the selective (oxy)functionalisation of non-activated C-H bonds, which still represents a dream reaction of organic chemistry. This is because balancing high reactivity (needed for the activation of inert C-H bonds) with selectivity is difficult to achieve. Enzymes, specifically monooxygenases, are catalysts that principally solve this challenge.Monooxygenases, howev",{"id":890,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":891,"piName":14,"institution":892,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":893,"abstract":894},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054717","Unique non-invasive pace-mapping system to identify subjects at risk of arrhythmic sudden death","UNIVERSITE DE BORDEAUX","€2,488,400","Sudden Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a common cause of adult mortality in western countries, accounting in Europe for about 350 000 cases annually. Most SCDs are caused by ventricular arrhythmias generated from an arrhythmogenic substrate present within the heart. Paradoxically, despite the existence of efficient preventive therapies, the sole available predictor of SCD is a measure of cardiac contractility, an indirect metric, which applies only to a subset of patients. At present, most patient",{"id":896,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":897,"piName":14,"institution":898,"country":102,"year":13,"amount":899,"abstract":900},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054643","Enhancing emergency department safety, efficacy and cost-effectiveness by artificial intelligence","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","€2,497,200","* Background: Emergency care costs are increasing in developed societies, both in rates of emergency department (ED) visits per person and in costs per visit, and are growing faster than other areas of healthcare spending. With limited and unstructured data, ED staff make quick decisions about probabilities for multiple diagnoses and risks. Both underestimation and overestimation of these probabilities lead to increased costs and patient harm. Hence, there is desperate need for clinical decision",{"id":902,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":903,"piName":14,"institution":407,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":904},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055055","Second-modelocking for a universal material-processing laser","Lasers are ubiquitously used to cut, drill, mark, texture, 3D print materials. Material-processing lasers remain divided into CW, nanosecond- and ultrafast-pulsed, each excelling and falling short differently. CW lasers reach the highest powers, cost the least, and are far more common but cause heat damage, and their utility is material-specific. Ultrafast lasers achieve supreme precision on any material but remain niche as they are inefficient and expensive. Nanosecond lasers fall in between. W",{"id":906,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":907,"piName":14,"institution":908,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":909,"abstract":910},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055142","Colonization, Early Institutions and the Origin of State Capacity and Democratization","UNIVERSIDAD POMPEU FABRA","€2,370,000","My research project proposes studying the origin of state capacity, democracy and political dynasties using the colonial conquest of Latin America as a natural experiment. Much of the recent work on comparative politics and development uses large historical events as fruitful experimentation laboratories. However, the colonial experience looks more similar to a bundle treatment than a single treatment. It is difficult to disentangle the role of differences in legal origin from the influences of ",{"id":912,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":913,"piName":14,"institution":914,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":915,"abstract":916},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054368","Reducing Iron Oxides without Carbon by using Hydrogen-Plasma","MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FUR NACHHALTIGE MATERIALIEN GMBH","€2,491,836","With 1.8 billion tons produced per year, steel is the dominant metallic material. It can be recycled by melting scrap, a resource satisfying at most 30% of the demand. Hence, fresh steel must be produced in huge amounts, from oxide minerals reduced by CO in blast furnaces, followed by partial removal of C by O2 in converters. These two processes create ~2.1 tons CO2 per ton of steel, qualifying steelmaking as the largest single greenhouse gas emitter on earth (~8% of all emissions). ROC tackles ",{"id":918,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":919,"piName":14,"institution":920,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":921,"abstract":922},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055015","PREFIGURING DEMOCRATIC FUTURES. CULTURAL AND THEORETICAL RESPONSES TO THE CRISIS OF POLITICAL IMAGINATION","UNIVERSITAT WIEN","€2,430,483","Democracy is in a crisis of global scale. This crisis has variously been attributed to a loss of belief in political representation, the rising of technocratic post-democracy, or an authoritarian and populist turn. However, a narrow focus on the political system is inadequate. PREDEF starts from the assumption that the crisis of democracy is also a crisis of political imagination. As the infamous TINA-principle (There is no Alternative) illustrates, it has become increasingly difficult to imagin",{"id":924,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":925,"piName":14,"institution":876,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":926,"abstract":927},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054111","Designing Democracy on ´Mars´ and ´Earth´:  Exploring Citizens´ Democratic Preferences in a Deliberative and Co-Creative Design","€2,056,149","DDME sets up a bottom-up, co-creative and deliberative design to obtain a deeper understanding of citizens democratic preferences in two Western (Germany and United States) and one non-Western country (India). Democratic preferences contain procedural preferences for different governance modes  such as participatory, delegative, consensual or majoritarian forms of democratic governance  as well as preferences for democratic goals and values - such as equality or social justice. Based on input an",{"id":929,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":930,"piName":14,"institution":931,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":247,"abstract":932},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101052935","Innocent Deelectronation Chemistry - From the unified redox scale valid in all solvents to innocent deelectronation chemistry in innocent solvents","ALBERT-LUDWIGS-UNIVERSITAET FREIBURG","The elementary steps underlying the reversible addition and removal of electrons from matter M –Metals, Molecules or Materials– are the fundament to describe redox chemistry, electrocatalysis and electrochemical energy storage. However, the electrochemical potentials of reaction partners are only comparable within one solvent. This is a consequence of the solvent specific standard states.For this reason, it is a Grand Challenge to establish a Unified Redox Scale to compare electrochemical potent",{"id":934,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":935,"piName":14,"institution":936,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":937,"abstract":938},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053159","UnRAVElling the dynamics of many-body open systems: Collective dynamics of quantum trajectories","UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION","€1,075,000","With the flourishing of quantum information processing, the study of open quantum system dynamics has become of paramount importance for the ultimate success of quantum technologies. The phenomenology becomes increasingly rich when decoherence and dissipation arise in quantum systems with many degrees of freedom, leading to a flurry of different phases of matter. RAVE is devoted to the study of collective phenomena in synthetic, many-body open quantum systems through investigation of the dynamic",{"id":940,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":941,"piName":14,"institution":407,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":942,"abstract":943},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101053133","Thermodynamic Properties for Hydrogen Liquefaction  and Processing","€2,457,146","Hydrogen plays a prominent role in all concepts for CO2 mitigation; technologies for generation and for liquefaction of hydrogen need to be scaled up by orders of magnitude. This scale up has to rely on simulations of innovative processes, which are necessarily based on thermodynamic property models. An analysis of the available models indicates that properties of hydrogen are described with one order of magnitude larger uncertainty than properties of well-known fluids. Experience with process-s",{"id":945,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":946,"piName":14,"institution":550,"country":378,"year":13,"amount":947,"abstract":948},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054945","Foldable, REconfigurable & Jagged devices for enhanced drug Absorption\u002Fseeding","€2,556,251","Oral delivery of protein\u002Fpeptide drugs is extremely challenging and the majority of research in the field is based on exploring new formulations, for instance using permeation enhancers. In recent years, some research has been done on ingestible devices for internal injections. Here I propose an entirely new approach based on what we have named ‘Self-configurable, Proximity Enabling Devices’ (SPEDs). The idea is that these devices (the simplest ones will be rolled-up foils) will unfold in the gu",{"id":950,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":951,"piName":14,"institution":198,"country":186,"year":13,"amount":952,"abstract":953},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101054653","The Stressed Cell as a Physical Aging Problem","€2,497,500","Statistical physics successfully accounts for phenomena involving a large number of components using a probabilistic approach with predictions for collective properties of the system.  While biological cells contain a very large number of interacting components, (proteins, RNA molecules, metabolites, etc.), the cellular network is understood as a particular, highly specific, choice of interactions shaped by evolution, and therefore not amenable to a statistical physics description. My premise is",{"id":955,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":956,"piName":14,"institution":957,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":958,"abstract":959},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101055134","APOBEC Mutagenesis: a novel Achilles heel of Breast cancer","ERASMUS UNIVERSITAIR MEDISCH CENTRUM ROTTERDAM","€2,499,990","APOBEC mutagenesis is a cellular mechanism by which genetic alterations are acquired somatically, driven by APOBEC enzyme family members. This mechanism is prominently observed in 15% of primary and 25% of recurrent breast cancer, the most common cause of cancer-related death in middle-aged women. Current evidence suggests APOBEC mutagenesis contributes to all disease stages, i.e. cancer initiation, progression and treatment resistance. The core idea of the AMBER project is that unravelling the ",{"id":961,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":962,"piName":14,"institution":717,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":963,"abstract":964},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101018465","What does it take to build an artificial virus?","€2,495,310","Using rational design with DNA origami, we propose to create synthetic virus-like assemblies capable of accomplishing cell-invading and gene expression functionalities known so far only from natural viruses. We envision these assemblies to be useful for studying and testing viral import mechanisms, and also for gene delivery, enabling fundamental studies and potential medical applications. The objectives include selecting and invading a target cell type, systematically solving the challenges of ",{"id":966,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":967,"piName":14,"institution":431,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":968,"abstract":969},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019659","Our first steps to Europe: Pleistocene Homo sapiens dispersals, adaptations and interactions in South-East Europe","€3,306,062","Despite recent discoveries in human evolution, the origin of our species, Homo sapiens, and the process through which it expanded and became established around the globe remain murky. Increasingly, it is viewed as a dynamic process of population expansions and contact among human lineages, occurring in concert with the Pleistocene climatic oscillations, which influence the probability of human survival as well as the availability of land bridges enabling expansions. Dispersals and population con",{"id":971,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":972,"piName":14,"institution":973,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":974,"abstract":975},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101021417","Targeted strategies for prevention and treatment of fibrosis-associated liver cancer","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","€2,430,000","Advanced liver diseases such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are major challenges for global health. HCC is the second leading and fastest rising cause of cancer death worldwide. Viral and metabolic liver disease are the main risk factors for HCC, which nearly always arises in advanced liver fibrosis. For metabolic liver disease approved therapies are absent. Cure or suppression of viral infection cannot eliminate the HCC risk in patients with advanced fibrosis. Despite significa",{"id":977,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":978,"piName":14,"institution":717,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":979,"abstract":980},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019594","The biology of myelin and lipoproteins within a glial network","€2,431,750","Myelin is an abundant, lipid-rich membrane structure formed by oligodendrocytes, each of which extends numerous processes to form distinct myelin internode segments along axons, thereby increasing neural processing speed and energetic efficiency. Myelin undergoes a life cycle with three fundamental distinct phases of metabolism, starting with an anabolic phase of early postnatal myelin development, followed by a homeostatic, adult state, in which turnover is low, and ending with a catabolic, mye",{"id":982,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":983,"piName":14,"institution":984,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":985,"abstract":986},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019327","From Digital to Distant Diplomatics","UNIVERSITAET GRAZ","€2,812,500","From Digital to Distant Diplomatics (DiDip) will bring modern computational methods to the transregional study of late medieval charters. It will answer questions about the spread and development of pan-European documentary practices and documentary culture in the later medieval period (c. 1300-1500). The project's novelty lies in 1. the scale of the endeavour, building upon a database of over half a million digitized charters from medieval and early modern Europe (the PI's Monasterium.net) and ",{"id":988,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":989,"piName":14,"institution":990,"country":991,"year":13,"amount":992,"abstract":993},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019324","Unlocking extracellular immunity for new crop protection strategies.","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","UK","€2,499,997","New crop protection strategies are essential to feed a growing world population. Plant pathogens decrease food production by 18-30% and these losses are expected to increase with climate change and reduced agrochemical use. Most plant-pathogenic bacteria, fungi and oomycetes colonize the extracellular compartment (apoplast) of plants and are exposed to a vast array of potentially harmful metabolites and hydrolytic enzymes secreted by the plant, providing basal, multigenic immunity that is hardly",{"id":995,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":996,"piName":14,"institution":990,"country":991,"year":13,"amount":997,"abstract":998},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019146","Seeking Constraints on Open Ocean Biocalcification","€2,483,490","Coccolithophores and foraminifera, single-celled mineralising plankton, convert atmospheric CO2 into limestone. Together, they produce over 2 billion tonnes of calcite\u002Fyear. Anthropogenic change creates myriad threats to the future of marine calcifiers, the foundation of the ocean ecosystem and global carbon cycle. Much work has focussed on the impact of acidification and declining carbonate saturation state on calcifier mineralisation. But the modern ocean is four times supersaturated with resp",{"id":1000,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1001,"piName":14,"institution":882,"country":174,"year":13,"amount":1002,"abstract":1003},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019628","Break-Through Rocks","€3,421,845","Deformation in Earth’s crust localizes onto faults that may rupture rapidly producing earthquakes or undergo slow aseismic slip. The detailed mechanisms that control the transition between the seismic and aseismic regimes and the onset of earthquakes remain unknown. These mechanisms control the geophysical processes preceding catastrophic failure, such as fracture development and strain localization on faults and in the rock volumes surrounding them. Our goal is to provide the first quantitative",{"id":1005,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1006,"piName":14,"institution":1007,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":1008,"abstract":1009},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101018587","Individual and Collective Migration of the Immune Cellular System","UNIVERSIDAD DE ZARAGOZA","€2,494,662","The immune system consists of a collection of cells with a high ability to migrate that work together to remove harmful foreign material from the body. Each immune cell can migrate between tissues, fulfilling specific functions in different microenvironments. However, this immune-surveillance response is not very effective in those tissues with a high non-physiological stiffness and a significant level of residual stresses, which are characteristics of solid tumors. Understanding the mechanisms ",{"id":1011,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1012,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":1013,"abstract":1014},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101020684","Neural Gradient Evaluation through Nanodevice Dynamics","€2,462,587","The Grenadyn project will demonstrate that assemblies of imperfect, dynamical nanodevices can self-learn through physical principles, like biological neurons and synapses do, with performance comparable to the best artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. For this, Grenadyns networks will minimize their effective energy together with the recognition error when learning. The starting point of Grenadyn is an algorithm called Equilibrium Propagation, developed by AI pioneer Yoshua Bengio, that take",{"id":1016,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1017,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":1018},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019380","A holistic approach to understand Earth formation","How did Earth form with the properties that made it the only inhabited planet of the Solar System? Answering this question is the Holy Grail of planetary science and is key for (i) placing the formation of Earth into the context of general planet formation (ii) unveiling the fundamental processes that led to the formation of a planet able to sustain life and (iii) assessing the likelihood that similar processes occurred in other, extrasolar systems. However, despite decades of research, it is st",{"id":1020,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1021,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":115,"year":13,"amount":1022,"abstract":1023},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019234","Rare Earth - Diamond Hybrid Materials for Photonics","€2,499,013","Hybrid materials associate distinct components to achieve new functionalities. The key challenge in these composite systems is to harness new effects that cannot be obtained by a single material while preserving the necessary underlying properties of each component - a tremendously difficult task in materials science. The fantastic achievements of micro-electronics in this field have boosted similar developments in optics, and especially in the infrared range, where integrated optical chips comb",{"id":1025,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1026,"piName":14,"institution":882,"country":174,"year":13,"amount":1027,"abstract":1028},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101018645","Minuscule Texts: Marginalized Voices in Early Medieval Latin Culture (c. 700–c. 1000)","€2,492,450","MINiTEXTS seeks to systematically study early medieval minuscule texts, i.e. short texts of which large numbers were added to blank spaces of Latin manuscripts from c. 700 to c. 1000 and which manuscript scholars refer to as “microtexts,” “guest texts,” or “additions.” Unlike such manuscripts’ main texts, minuscule texts are seldom characterized by identifiable authors or easily traceable histories of textual transmission. As a result, textual and cultural historians tended to either neglect the",{"id":1030,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1031,"piName":14,"institution":829,"country":28,"year":13,"amount":1032,"abstract":1033},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019718","Virus Spread in Networks","€2,499,962","ViSioN presents my Network Science view on virus spread in networks, in which the duality between the virus transmission process and the contact graph is key.The devastating Corona crisis reveals two major shortcomings in traditional epidemiology. First, it ignores the human contact graph and implicitly assumes a homogeneous population without specific graph structure. Second, most models for the virus spreading process relate to a Markovian setting, with exponential infection and curing times, ",{"id":1035,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1036,"piName":14,"institution":1037,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1038},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101018257","Understanding the functions of the BRCA protein complexes in DNA break repair and in replication stress","FONDAZIONE PER L'ISTITUTO DI RICERCA IN BIOMEDICINA","BRCA1, BRCA2 and associated factors are frequently mutated in familial and sporadic cancers of the breast and ovary. The BRCA proteins have canonical functions together with the RAD51 recombinase in DNA double-strand break repair by homologous recombination. More recently, it was discovered that the same proteins have separate, recombination-independent roles in the metabolism of challenged replication forks. It is currently debated whether defects in the canonical and\u002For non-canonical functions",{"id":1040,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1041,"piName":14,"institution":1042,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":1043,"abstract":1044},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101020792","From light detection to vision – revealing diversity of function of simple eyes and light-responsive behaviours to enlighten eye evolution","RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG","€3,153,919","Complex animal eyes evolved many times independently from simpler forms. As already suggested by Darwin, the path to vision may have led from non-directional to directional light sensing and then to low-resolution spatial vision. Simple eyes in extant animals show a remarkable diversity of form and function and may hold the key to the origin of eyes and vision. We do not know why this diversity evolved when the organisms all respond to the same physical cue. Although we have a detailed molecular",{"id":1046,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1047,"piName":14,"institution":1048,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":1049},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019746","Mind the Gap: from Plasma Kinetics to Cosmological Galaxy Formation","LEIBNIZ-INSTITUT FUR ASTROPHYSIK POTSDAM (AIP)","In the modern picture of galaxy formation, baryonic feedback is critical for shaping galaxies and regulating star formation. On small scales, feedback results from transporting momentum, radiation, thermal and relativistic particles but current-day magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of galaxies and galaxy clusters often neglect or over-simplify these transport processes. Electrons transport heat and cosmic rays exchange momentum and energy with the thermal plasma but both species are erroneously a",{"id":1051,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1052,"piName":14,"institution":1053,"country":991,"year":13,"amount":1054,"abstract":1055},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101021560","In vivo Imaging Genesis and Circuit Integration of Interneurons Engineered from Glia","KING'S COLLEGE LONDON","€2,143,826","Direct lineage reprogramming of cell identity in the nervous system offers the prospect of remodelling diseased brain circuits. Recent years have provided evidence for the possibility of converting brain glia into neurons in vivo. Yet, the process by which glial cells give up their original identity and adopt a neuronal fate remains by large enigmatic. Moreover, it is unclear how neurons induced from glia may integrate into the pre-existing circuits of non-neurogenic brain regions such as the ce",{"id":1057,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1058,"piName":14,"institution":1059,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":1060,"abstract":1061},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019547","Fine-Grained Cryptography","UNIVERSITA COMMERCIALE LUIGI BOCCONI","€2,493,750","Encryption and authentication have long been the workhorse of secure systems, but with the shift towards a decentralized mode of data processing, contemporary cryptographic tools such as secure computation and homomorphic encryption are taking center stage. Unlike their “private-key” counterparts, for which efficient candidate instantiations abound, these “public-key” types of primitives rely on a remarkably narrow base of computational hardness assumptions. Developing and understanding new assu",{"id":1063,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1064,"piName":14,"institution":447,"country":448,"year":13,"amount":1065,"abstract":1066},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019509","Regionalizing Infrastructures in Chinese History","€2,499,625","RegInfra analyses how infrastructures such as city walls, roads, and bridges contributed to regional and empire-wide integration, and equally how they contributed to countervailing trends including local tensions, local autonomy, and cross-border regional formations in late imperial Chinese history (ca. 1000-1800). At a time when the People’s Republic of China is heavily investing in domestic and cross-continental infrastructures, we aim to map, compare, and critically analyse the material infra",{"id":1068,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1069,"piName":14,"institution":643,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1070,"abstract":1071},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101021016","Life-long cross-generational priming of the hypothalamus for obesity","€2,498,960","Evolutionary success drives continuous human adaptation. A pervasive challenge is the substantial change in the composition and nutritional value of diets available. This is particularly relevant for child-bearing women because metabolic bias through diet composition can adversely affects pregnancy outcomes. Even though clinical and experimental studies correlate maternal obesity during pregnancy (affecting ~30% world-wide) with congenital metabolic illnesses, a causal relationship between mater",{"id":1073,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1074,"piName":14,"institution":1075,"country":991,"year":13,"amount":1076,"abstract":1077},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019847","Planning the Articulation of Spoken Utterances","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","€2,375,025","I address major controversies relating to the basic underpinnings of the human speech production system. These concern a) the nature of the mental representations of speech sounds (symbolic vs. spatiotemporal; phonemic vs. non-phonemic gestural), b) the goals of movement (articulatory vs. explicitly acoustic; with emergent vs. explicit surface durations), and c) the processes for planning and generating speech articulations (oscillator-based mechanisms vs. Optimal Control Theory and Lee’s Tau th",{"id":1079,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1080,"piName":14,"institution":1081,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1082,"abstract":1083},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101020438","Novel Superfluids in Ultracold Fermionic Mixtures","OESTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN","€2,367,500","The intricate mechanisms leading to superfluidity and superconductivity have fascinated researchers for many decades. The pairing of fermionic constituents is at the heart of a rich class of related phenomena in quantum matter. The understanding of unconventional regimes of superfluidity, such as broken-symmetry systems with finite-momentum pairs, poses great challenges for theory and experiment.Our experimental approach is based on a new ultracold model system, which has become available very r",{"id":1085,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1086,"piName":14,"institution":1087,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":1088,"abstract":1089},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101021246","Temperature Integration via Phase change and Translation Of Proteins in plants","LEIBNIZ-INSTITUT FUR GEMUSE- UND ZIERPFLANZENBAU GROSSBEEREN\u002FERFURT EV","€2,139,500","How eukaryotes sense and integrate temperature information is an open question in biology. Plants have evolved to grow across a wide range of climates, and experience large temperature gradients geographically, seasonally and over the 24 h diurnal cycle. The distribution and phenology of plants has altered in response to climate-change, and crop yields decrease by about 10% for every 1ºC increase in temperature. The mechanisms by which plants respond to temperature are however poorly understood.",{"id":1091,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1092,"piName":14,"institution":1093,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":1094,"abstract":1095},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019872","Tissue Cytokines at the Nexus of  Immune Cell-Cardiac Stromal Cell Interaction","HOCH Health Ostschweiz","€2,424,000","Myocarditis is an acute inflammatory heart disease that can progress to chronic cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Since there is no specific treatment recommendation available for myocarditis and subsequent inflammatory cardiomyopathy, there is an urgent need to dissect the pathological principles underlying cardiac inflammation and to target those molecular pathways that are at the core of the pathological process.My recent research places cross-reactive CD4+ T cells at the center of inflammato",{"id":1097,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1098,"piName":14,"institution":1099,"country":66,"year":13,"amount":1100,"abstract":1101},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101018151","Shaping Body Movements through Interactions with Brainstem Neurons","FRIEDRICH MIESCHER INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH FONDATION","€2,427,500","Understanding how neuronal circuits regulate the enormous repertoire of movements is a key outstanding question in neuroscience. Neurons contributing to execution and learning of body movements are distributed throughout the nervous system. Control of body movements entails the engagement of connected brain motor centers to generate action commands, providing instructions for execution to the spinal cord. The brainstem as  focus of this proposal represents an essential intermediary between upper",{"id":1103,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1104,"piName":14,"institution":447,"country":448,"year":13,"amount":1105,"abstract":1106},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101020005","Hardware Acceleration for Computing on Encrypted Data","€2,425,875","Electronics are part of all aspects of our daily life, at home, at work, while on the road. Smart cities, medical devices, financial transactions, self-driving cars, all rely on electronics. At the same time, these activities generate huge amounts of data, which for privacy and security reasons, are stored encrypted on a possibly untrusted cloud server. Yet, many applications benefit from operations on this data. Statistics or machine learning on medical, financial, automotive or energy data cou",{"id":1108,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1109,"piName":14,"institution":675,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":1110,"abstract":1111},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019937","HYdrogen combustion: Pressure effects On combustion and THErmoacousticS","€3,096,625","The need to shift to carbon-free energy generation is impelling, but renewable energy sources such as wind and solar are intermittent. Significant storage and additional energy sources are needed to guarantee continuous supply of heat and power. To limit global warming, these sources need to be carbon-free\u002Fneutral. Hydrogen represents a promising alternative in future energy generation. It can be produced using renewable sources by electrolysis from excess energy or by gasification, stored, and ",{"id":1113,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1114,"piName":14,"institution":1115,"country":991,"year":13,"amount":1116,"abstract":1117},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101020872","Nanoscale characterisation and decoupling of charge and heat transport across interfaces in novel, molecular thermoelectric materials","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€2,709,688","Across the global energy economy only about 1\u002F3 of primary energy is converted into useful energy services, the other 2\u002F3 are wasted as heat in the various industrial, transportation, residential energy conversion and electricity generation processes. Given the urgent need for transitioning to a zero-carbon energy supply in order to mitigate dangerous consequences of climate change a waste of energy on this scale is scandalous. Thermoelectric waste-heat-to-electricity conversion could offer a po",{"id":1119,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1120,"piName":14,"institution":470,"country":35,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":1121},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101021349","Transcriptional Adaptation and Genetic Compensation","Organisms utilize several mechanisms to compensate for the damaging consequences of genetic perturbations.  One such mechanism is the newly identified process of transcriptional adaptation (TA): in this process, certain deleterious mutations trigger the transcriptional modulation of so-called adapting genes.  In some cases, e.g., when one of the upregulated genes is functionally redundant with the mutated gene, TA leads to functional compensation.  Notably, unlike other modes of compensation, TA",{"id":1123,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1124,"piName":14,"institution":1125,"country":174,"year":13,"amount":210,"abstract":1126},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101020016","Coupled cluster theory for polaritons: changing molecular properties with quantum light","NORGES TEKNISK-NATURVITENSKAPELIGE UNIVERSITET NTNU","The chemistry of light-matter states (polaritonic chemistry) is a relatively new research area in chemistry. Recent experiments have demonstrated that molecular polaritons can have a profound impact on the outcome of chemical reactions taking place inside cavities. Molecular polaritons are formed when the molecular degrees of freedom couple strongly with the modes of a quantum field. From a theoretical point of view the experiments are highly complex, with many different interactions taking plac",{"id":1128,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1129,"piName":14,"institution":711,"country":228,"year":13,"amount":1130,"abstract":1131},"cordis-european-research-council-award-101019419","Expanding Agency: Women, Race and the Global Dissemination of Modern Architecture","€2,082,906","Expanding Agency will explore the role that women and members of ethnic minorities, primarily African-Americans, played in transmitting modern architecture and design internationally, including within Europe, between 1920 and 1970. Strands devoted to patronage, journalism, entrepreneurship, and institution building will offer alternatives to accounts that focus primarily on architects. This will expand our understanding of who had agency in this important story and more generally in the shaping ",200,{"programme":8,"total":1134,"withPiName":1135,"firstYear":1136,"lastYear":1137,"countryCount":1138,"perYear":1139,"topInstitutions":1196,"topCountries":1264},4756,450,2008,2027,46,[1140,1142,1145,1148,1151,1154,1157,1160,1163,1166,1168,1171,1174,1177,1180,1182,1185,1188,1191,1194],{"year":1136,"count":1141},47,{"year":1143,"count":1144},2009,232,{"year":1146,"count":1147},2010,248,{"year":1149,"count":1150},2011,276,{"year":1152,"count":1153},2012,293,{"year":1155,"count":1156},2013,344,{"year":1158,"count":1159},2014,359,{"year":1161,"count":1162},2015,138,{"year":1164,"count":1165},2016,299,{"year":1167,"count":1144},2017,{"year":1169,"count":1170},2018,376,{"year":1172,"count":1173},2019,241,{"year":1175,"count":1176},2020,137,{"year":1178,"count":1179},2021,228,{"year":13,"count":1181},322,{"year":1183,"count":1184},2023,252,{"year":1186,"count":1187},2024,243,{"year":1189,"count":1190},2025,222,{"year":1192,"count":1193},2026,264,{"year":1137,"count":1195},3,[1197,1200,1203,1205,1208,1211,1214,1216,1219,1222,1225,1228,1231,1234,1237,1240,1243,1246,1248,1251,1253,1255,1256,1259,1261],{"name":1198,"count":1199},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",206,{"name":1201,"count":1202},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",133,{"name":90,"count":1204},128,{"name":1206,"count":1207},"University of Cambridge",124,{"name":1209,"count":1210},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",84,{"name":1212,"count":1213},"Weizmann Institute of Science",74,{"name":71,"count":1215},72,{"name":1217,"count":1218},"University College London",69,{"name":1220,"count":1221},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",59,{"name":1223,"count":1224},"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem",57,{"name":1226,"count":1227},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",52,{"name":1229,"count":1230},"University of Bristol",49,{"name":1232,"count":1233},"University of Edinburgh",48,{"name":1235,"count":1236},"Kobenhavns Universitet",40,{"name":1238,"count":1239},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",39,{"name":1241,"count":1242},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",38,{"name":1244,"count":1245},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",35,{"name":1247,"count":1245},"Tel Aviv University",{"name":1249,"count":1250},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",33,{"name":1252,"count":1250},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":1254,"count":1250},"Universitat Wien",{"name":144,"count":1250},{"name":1257,"count":1258},"Helsingin Yliopisto",32,{"name":1260,"count":1258},"Karolinska Institutet",{"name":1262,"count":1263},"Technische Universiteit Delft",30,[1265,1267,1269,1271,1273,1275,1277,1279,1281,1283,1285,1286,1288,1290,1292,1294,1296,1297,1300,1302,1305,1307,1310,1312,1315],{"name":35,"count":1266},802,{"name":991,"count":1268},778,{"name":115,"count":1270},581,{"name":28,"count":1272},390,{"name":66,"count":1274},310,{"name":48,"count":1276},302,{"name":21,"count":1278},269,{"name":186,"count":1280},202,{"name":102,"count":1282},183,{"name":12,"count":1284},153,{"name":448,"count":1284},{"name":378,"count":1287},107,{"name":78,"count":1289},78,{"name":664,"count":1291},76,{"name":174,"count":1293},65,{"name":228,"count":1295},42,{"name":54,"count":1236},{"name":1298,"count":1299},"HU",25,{"name":282,"count":1301},24,{"name":1303,"count":1304},"US",20,{"name":167,"count":1306},18,{"name":1308,"count":1309},"CZ",15,{"name":1311,"count":1309},"SI",{"name":1313,"count":1314},"CN",9,{"name":1316,"count":1317},"EE",8]