[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-consolidator-grant-2017":3,"awarded-stats-erc-consolidator-grant":1090},{"awarded":4,"total":1089},[5,16,21,26,31,36,40,46,51,56,63,68,74,81,86,91,97,104,109,114,119,124,129,134,140,146,152,157,162,168,173,177,181,186,191,196,201,207,211,216,221,226,231,236,241,246,251,255,260,266,271,276,281,286,291,296,301,307,314,319,324,329,333,339,344,350,355,361,368,373,378,384,388,393,399,405,411,417,423,428,434,439,445,450,457,463,467,472,477,483,490,496,502,508,512,518,523,528,534,538,544,551,557,563,569,574,580,585,591,596,602,606,612,618,624,629,634,640,646,651,656,662,667,673,679,684,690,694,700,706,712,719,724,728,733,738,744,749,754,760,765,769,775,779,784,789,795,801,807,813,819,825,830,835,841,847,851,857,862,868,873,879,885,891,896,901,907,912,917,923,929,935,941,947,952,956,961,966,972,978,984,988,992,998,1004,1009,1015,1021,1026,1031,1037,1042,1046,1052,1057,1063,1069,1074,1081,1085],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"cordis-european-research-council-award-682622","European Research Council","ERC Consolidator Grant","Defining functional networks of genetic causes for ALS and related neurodegenerative disorders",null,"INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","FR",2017,"€2,000,000","Brain and spinal cord diseases affect 38% of the European population and cost over 800 billion € annually; representing by far the largest health challenge. ALS is a prevalent neurological disease caused by motor neuron death with an invariably fatal outcome. I contributed to ALS research with the groundbreaking discovery of TDP-43 mutations, functionally characterized these mutations in the first vertebrate model and demonstrated a genetic interaction with another major ALS gene FUS. Emerging e",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":19,"abstract":20},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724835","Establishment and maintenance of gene expression by heterochromatin factors","€1,999,025","Metastable epialleles are alleles that are variably expressed in genetically identical individuals. These epialleles are established during early development by epigenetic modifications in a process influenced by stress and the environment. The epiallele’s state can subsequently be maintained throughout development and adult life. Studying the mechanisms underlying establishment and maintenance of chromatin states is critical to understanding how the environment can shape the epigenome and how i",{"id":22,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":23,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":24,"abstract":25},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724838","Protection of cardiometabolic inflammation by modulation of myeloid glutamine homeostasis","€2,091,338","The metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents one of the major public health challenges worldwide. It reflects a combination of medical disorders that, when occurring together, increase the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The prevalence in the USA is estimated at 30% of the population and the European community follows this trajectory. It is now recognized that the state of chronic low-grade inflammation may favor the onset and progression of the MetS. While the notion of meta",{"id":27,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":28,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":29,"abstract":30},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726280","Whole-brain dynamics underlying self-generated behaviour","€1,997,360","The first behavioural theories conceived the organism as primarily driven by external sensory stimuli. However, the energy associated with momentary demands of the environment represent ~1% of the brain's total energy budget, implying that the intrinsic activity represents a major aspect of the brain's function. Indeed, more recent theories such as cognitivism and embodiment describe the organisms as capable of generating complex behaviours emerging from the brain's intrinsic dynamics. Past and ",{"id":32,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":33,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":34,"abstract":35},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725149","Extra-gonadal roles of Anti-Müllerian Hormone in the aetiology of polycystic ovary syndrome: the domino effect to reproductive neuroendocrine dysfunctions","€1,999,740","Reproduction in mammals is dependent on specific neurons secreting the Gonadotropin Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GnRH). Many reproductive disorders in humans are associated with abnormal or deficient GnRH secretion. Among reproductive dysfunctions, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common form of female infertility with a prevalence of up to 10%, characterized by increased ovarian androgen biosynthesis, oligo-anovulation and frequent metabolic morbidities. Because women with PCOS have i",{"id":37,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":38,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":39},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725790","Epigenomic Reprogramming of Adipose Tissue Function and Energy Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetes","Obesity is associated with adipose tissue dysfunction leading to the onset of several pathologies including type 2 diabetes (T2D). The mechanisms underlying the development of obesity and T2D include the hypertrophy and\u002For hyperplasia of adipocytes and adipose tissue inflammation together with an altered secretion of adipokines. However, the explanation of why individual obese (and some non-obese) humans differ in their susceptibility to develop T2D is still an issue that is currently not suffic",{"id":41,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":42,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":45},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724261","Constructing and powering nanoscale DNA origami motors","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","DE","Our goal is to advance the field of DNA nanotechnology by achieving directed transport on the nanoscale using robustly functioning synthetic motor units. To do so, we propose to construct spatially periodic, diffusive mechanisms that have broken inversion symmetry and to subject these mechanisms to conditions away from thermal equilibrium. We will build on recent progress in creating complex DNA-based structures and construct various nanoscale rotary and translational Brownian ratchet mechanisms",{"id":47,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":48,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":49,"abstract":50},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725085","Chemical proteome mining for functional annotation of disease relevant proteins","€1,936,250","Genome sequencing projects have provided unique insights into the cellular inventory of genes and their corresponding protein products. Despite this success, a large fraction of cellular proteins remains functionally uncharacterized. Their annotation represents a major challenge for contemporary research, reaching beyond the power of bioinformatic sequence similarity searches. Thus multidisciplinary strategies consolidating chemical and biological methods are required to close this gap. We here ",{"id":52,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":53,"piName":10,"institution":43,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":54,"abstract":55},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725286","The Computational Database for Real World Awareness","€1,918,750","Two major hardware trends have a significant impact on the architecture of database management systems (DBMSs): First, mainmemory sizes continue to grow significantly. Machines with 1TB of main memory and more are readily available at a relatively lowprice. Second, the number of cores in a system continues to grow, from currently 64 and more to hundreds in the near future. This trend offers radically new opportunities for both business and science.  It promises to allow for information-at-your-f",{"id":57,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":58,"piName":10,"institution":59,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":61,"abstract":62},"cordis-european-research-council-award-683237","Testing the role of Mediterranean thermohaline circulation as a sensor of transient climate events and shaker of North Atlantic Circulation","UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA","ES","€2,400,000","The Mediterranean Sea is an excellent sensor of transient climate conditions at different time scales. Changes in Mediterranean water properties result from complex interactions between the Atlantic inflow, local climate and north and south atmospheric teleconnections. In turn, Mediterranean outflow waters spill into the Atlantic Ocean, thus acting as a net salt and heat source for the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Climate models anticipate changes in these circulation syst",{"id":64,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":65,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":66,"abstract":67},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724040","Ribosome inhibition by nascent or antimicrobial peptides","€1,999,125","During the translation of genetic information into protein by the ribosome, nascent peptides occasionally inhibit their own synthesis by interacting with the exit tunnel of the large ribosomal subunit. Known as nascent chain-mediated translational arrest, this process depends primarily upon the amino acid sequence of the arrest peptide. However, it can also rely upon the sensing of a low molecular weight ligand by the ribosome nascent chain complex, explaining its use for metabolite-dependent ge",{"id":69,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":70,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":72,"abstract":73},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724429","Epigenomics and chromosome architecture one cell at a time","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€1,999,780","In Eukaryotes, cellular identity and tissue-specific functions are linked to the epigenetic landscape and the multi-scale architecture of the genome. The packing of DNA into nucleosomes at the ~100 bp scale and the organization of whole chromosomes into functional territories within the nucleus are well documented. At an intermediate scale, chromosomes are organised in megabase to sub-megabase structures called Topologically Associating Domains (TADs). Critically, TADs are highly correlated to p",{"id":75,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":76,"piName":10,"institution":77,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":79,"abstract":80},"cordis-european-research-council-award-723997","Surviving metabolism: acid handling and signalling","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","UK","€1,922,575","Metabolism generates vast quantities of acid, which exerts broad-spectrum biological effects because protein protonation is a powerful post-translational modification. Regulation of intracellular pH (pHi) is therefore a homeostatic priority, but carefully orchestrated proton dynamics are a versatile signal.Extracellular acidity is an established chemical signature of tumours and has recently been proposed to convey a signal that shapes the phenotypic landscape of cancer. Cancers genetic instabil",{"id":82,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":83,"piName":10,"institution":77,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":84,"abstract":85},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724602","constRaining the EffeCts of Aerosols on Precipitation","€2,225,713","Precipitation is of fundamental importance so it is vital to understand its response to anthropogenic perturbations. Aerosols have been proposed to significantly affect precipitation [e.g. Ramanathan et al., 2001]. However, despite major research efforts evidence for a systematic aerosol effect on precipitation remains “ambiguous” [IPCC AR5, Stocker et al., 2013].The vast majority of prior research [even an entire World Meteorological Organisation assessment report: Levin and Cotton, 2009] has t",{"id":87,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":88,"piName":10,"institution":77,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":90},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725258","Large-Area Transparent Opto-Electronics using 2D Materials","€1,999,318","Research in 2D materials has increased dramatically since the first isolation of graphene in 2004, with diverse interdisciplinary studies. In the last few years, 2D material research expanded beyond graphene by the development of other 2D materials, such as monolayered transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorous, and Boron Nitride. There are hundreds of possible 2D crystals that can be isolated, with properties ranging from metallic, semi-metallic, semiconducting to insulating, depending",{"id":92,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":93,"piName":10,"institution":94,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":95,"abstract":96},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725061","Teleost mucosal B1-like lymphocytes at the crossroad of tolerance and immunity","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","€1,866,046","B cells are one of the main players of immunity, responsible for the production of immunoglobulins (Igs). In 2011, I was granted an ERC Starting grant to undertake the phenotypical and functional characterization of teleost B lymphocytes based on the hypothesis that they do not behave as mammalian B2 cells (conventional B cells) but closely resemble mammalian innate B1 lymphocytes involved in extrafollicular T-independent (TI) responses. Since then, my laboratory has gathered considerable eviden",{"id":98,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":99,"piName":10,"institution":100,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":102,"abstract":103},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724834","Optical Manipulation of Colloidal Interfaces, Droplets and Crystallites","STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITEIT","NL","€1,999,892","This multidisciplinary research programme is focussed on the optical manipulation of interfaces, droplets and crystallites in colloidal model systems. In particular, we will use holographic optical tweezing and confocal microscopy to study interfacial phenomena in three different phase separated colloid-polymer mixtures, exhibiting colloidal liquid-gas, crystal-gas and nematic-isotropic phase coexistence, respectively. First, we will determine the full potential energy landscape of the optical t",{"id":105,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":106,"piName":10,"institution":94,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":107,"abstract":108},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726349","Climate dimension of natural halogens in the Earth system: Past, present, future","€1,979,112","Naturally-emitted very short-lived halogens (VSLH) have a profound impact on the chemistry and composition of the atmosphere, destroying greenhouse gases and altering aerosol production, which together can change the Earth´s radiative balance. Therefore, natural halogens possess leverage to influence climate, although their contribution to climate change is not well established and most climate models have yet to consider their effects. Also, there is increasing evidence that natural halogens i)",{"id":110,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":111,"piName":10,"institution":77,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":112,"abstract":113},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724228","Deep LEarning on MANifolds and graphs","€1,997,875","The aim of the project is to develop a geometrically meaningful framework that allows generalizing deep learning paradigms to data on non-Euclidean domains. Such geometric data are becoming increasingly important in a variety of fields including computer graphics and vision, sensor networks, biomedicine, genomics, and computational social sciences. Existing methodologies for dealing with geometric data are limited, and a paradigm shift is needed to achieve quantitatively and qualitatively better",{"id":115,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":116,"piName":10,"institution":77,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":117,"abstract":118},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725937","Abstraction and Generalisation in Human Decision-Making","€1,999,775","Intelligent agents make good decisions in novel environments. Understanding how humans deal with noveltyis a key problem in the cognitive and neural sciences, and building artificial agents that behave effectivelywith novel settings remains an unsolved challenge in machine learning. According to one view, humans form abstract representations that encode latent variables pertaining to the high-level structure of the environment (a “model” of the world). These abstractions facilitate generalisatio",{"id":120,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":121,"piName":10,"institution":77,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":122,"abstract":123},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724638","Galois theory of periods and applications.","€1,997,959","A period is a complex number defined by the integral of an algebraic differential form over a region defined by polynomial inequalities. Examples include: algebraic numbers, elliptic integrals, and Feynman integrals in high-energy physics. Many problems in mathematics can be cast as a statement involving periods. A deep idea, based on Grothendieck's philosophy of motives, is that there should be a Galois theory of periods, generalising classical Galois theory for algebraic numbers. This reposes ",{"id":125,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":126,"piName":10,"institution":94,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":127,"abstract":128},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724529","Hierarchical multiscale modeling of flexoelectricity and related materials properties from first principles","€1,470,000","Flexoelectricity, the coupling between an inhomogeneous deformation and the electrical polarization, has emerged a “hot” topic in modern materials science due to its cross-cutting relevance to many phenomena of fundamental and technological interest. Understanding the intriguing physics that governs its behaviour at the nanoscale is crucial to harnessing the potential of strain gradients in practical applications, and such a progress requires a substantial support from theory. In spite of impres",{"id":130,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":131,"piName":10,"institution":94,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":132,"abstract":133},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725743","Nanoengineering of radioactive seeds for cancer therapy and diagnosis","€1,999,965","One of the major challenges in modern society is the early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Cancer is one of the most relevant diseases worldwide because of its incidence, prevalence and mortality. During the past decades, considerable efforts have been devoted to understand the origin of the disease, find early detection methods that could improve the survival rate of cancer patients or develop treatments and devices that could reduce or eradicate cancer. The application of nanotechnology t",{"id":135,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":136,"piName":10,"institution":137,"country":138,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":139},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724307","Preparing Cryptography for Modern Applications","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","CH","Cryptography currently faces fundamentally new challenges. Modern applications like Big Data or Cloud Computing require cryptographic methods that go far beyond secure communication. Such cryptographic methods have only been invented in recent years: namely, since 2009, several unexpected and game-changing *new cryptographic building blocks* have been introduced. Most prominently, constructions of fully homomorphic encryption, code obfuscation, and multilinear maps have been proposed. These cons",{"id":141,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":142,"piName":10,"institution":143,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":144,"abstract":145},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724663","Revolutionizing fibre-wireless communications through space-division multiplexed photonics","UNIVERSITAT POLITECNICA DE VALENCIA","€1,998,500","Next generation global telecommunication paradigms will require entirely new technologies to address the current limitations to massive capacity and connectivity. A full integration between optical fibre and wireless networks will be the key for the upcoming multigigabit-per-second 5G wireless communications and the era of Internet of Things. Microwave Photonics (MWP) is the multidisciplinary technology to achieve such a convergence. There is one revolutionary approach that has however been left",{"id":147,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":148,"piName":10,"institution":149,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":150,"abstract":151},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725411","Information Theory with Uncertain Laws","UNIVERSIDAD POMPEU FABRA","€1,888,033","Shannon's Information Theory paved the way for the information era by providing the mathematical foundations of digital information systems. A key underlying assumption of Shannon's key results is that the probability law that governing system is known, allowing to optimize the codebook and decoder accordingly. There are a number of important situations where perfectly estimating the system law is impossible; in these situations the codebook and decoder must be designed without complete (or no) ",{"id":153,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":154,"piName":10,"institution":149,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":155,"abstract":156},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724244","Electronic AXONs: wireless microstimulators based on electronic rectification of epidermically applied currents","€1,999,813","To build interfaces between the electronic domain and the human nervous system is one of the most demanding challenges of nowadays engineering. Fascinating developments have already been performed such as visual cortical implants for the blind and cochlear implants for the deaf. Yet implantation of most electrical stimulation systems requires complex surgeries which hamper their use for the development of so-called electroceuticals. More importantly, previously developed systems based on central",{"id":158,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":159,"piName":10,"institution":149,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":160,"abstract":161},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726168","Global Production Networks and Macroeconomic Interdependence","€1,381,250","Researchers and policymakers alike have highlighted the potential efficiency gains of a global production structure. However, such linkages also raise the possibility of risks. This proposal tackles both empirical and theoretical challenges in incorporating the microeconomic structure of trade and international production networks in the study of the propagation of shocks internationally, and their impact on macroeconomic interdependence. Using newly constructed micro-level datasets, I provide q",{"id":163,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":164,"piName":10,"institution":165,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":166,"abstract":167},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724063","Robust algorithms for learning from modern data","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","€1,998,750","Machine learning is needed and used everywhere, from science to industry, with a growing impact on many disciplines. While first successes were due at least in part to simple supervised learning algorithms used primarily as black boxes on medium-scale problems, modern data pose new challenges. Scalability is an important issue of course: with large amounts of data, many current problems far exceed the capabilities of existing algorithms despite sophisticated computing architectures. But beyond t",{"id":169,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":170,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":171,"abstract":172},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724175","Numerical Optimal tRansport for ImAging","€1,996,720","Optimal Transport (OT) theory provides a powerful framework to manipulate probability distributions using simple and intuitive geometric principles. OT distances compare favorably to all other alternatives, notably Euclidean metrics or information divergences, whose outputs are particularly sensitive to changes in quantization and are not suitable to compare point clouds. Because of these and many more favorable properties, OT should be a standard tool in imaging sciences where probability distr",{"id":174,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":175,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":176},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724813","Smart Lab-On-Chips for the Real -Time Control of Cells","Cells are complex, autonomous genetic machines with rich information processing capabilities. Synthetic Biology builds on these properties to design novel, synthetic genetic programs in cells with the aim of benefiting humans. Yet, safety and efficiency issues require creation of synthetic circuits that are reliable over a large range of operating conditions and stable to all sorts of perturbations. This is a tremendous challenge for synthetic biologists, as the robustness of any circuit is limi",{"id":178,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":179,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":180},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725142","Fast determination of fatigue properties of materials beyond one billion cycles","Many mechanical structures are submitted to repeated loadings and can break under stress lower than the ultimate tensile stress. This phenomenon is called the fatigue of materials and can be found in many industrial sectors, such as the transport industry, aeronautic industry and energy production. Fatigue design is thus crucial in engineering and it requires the precise characterization of material behavior under cyclic loadings to ensure the safety and reliability of structures throughout thei",{"id":182,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":183,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":184,"abstract":185},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725967","Inverse Problems and Flows","€1,133,236","In this project, we propose to study mixing and rigidity properties of a large class offlows in geometry and dynamical systems using novel microlocal and spectral methods. Such methods, recently developed for flows with hyperbolicity, are based on the construction of  new functional spaces, adapted to the considered flow, on which the generating vector field is Fredholm withdiscrete spectrum, known as the resonance spectrum. We want to apply these tools to the following categories of long-standi",{"id":187,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":188,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":189,"abstract":190},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726176","The Combined Effects of Climatic Warming and Habitat Fragmentation on Biodiversity, Community Dynamics and Ecosystem Functioning","€1,998,802","Climatic warming and habitat fragmentation are the largest threats to biodiversity and ecosystems globally. To forecast and mitigate their effects is the environmental challenge of our age. Despite substantial progress on the ecological consequences of climatic warming and habitat fragmentation individually, there is a fundamental gap in our understanding and prediction of their combined effects.The goal of FRAGCLIM is to determine the individual and combined effects of climatic warming and habi",{"id":192,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":193,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":194,"abstract":195},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725184","MULtiple PROperties Single Molecule Magnets","€1,505,000","The goal of the MULTIPROSMM project is to design systems able to present magnetic bistabilities under different stimuli (temperature, magnetic field or light) on an unprecedented large temperature range, i.e. very low temperature with Single Molecule Magnet (SMM) behaviour, intermediate temperature with Light Induced Excited State Trapping (LIESST) and high temperature with SpinCrossOver (SCO). On one hand, as a photography of the energy-splitting of the spectroscopic states, the lanthanide lumi",{"id":197,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":198,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":199,"abstract":200},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724480","Extreme-Light Seeded Control of Ultrafast Laser Material Modifications","€1,833,406","High-peak power compact femtosecond lasers allow strong-field interactions that are the basis for high-precision laser micro-fabrication. They also create extreme conditions within the matter, leading to the generation of rainbow light used to produce even shorter pulses and new frequencies that can extend from the X-ray to the TeraHertz domain. However, due to the low conversion efficiencies, these attractive light pulses remain unexploited in the context of laser nano-\u002Fmicro-fabrication.The ma",{"id":202,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":203,"piName":10,"institution":204,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":205,"abstract":206},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724659","Massive Gravity and Cosmology","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","€1,975,829","The ambition of this research program is to challenge the nature of gravity, provide an alternative to dark energy, and pave the way towards a potential resolution of one the most tantalizing problems of physics today: The Old Cosmological Constant Problem.As General Relativity celebrates its centennial, its predictive successes and its status as our most elegant theory of gravity are incontrovertible. Nevertheless, while the recent discovery of the late-time acceleration of the Universe is in p",{"id":208,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":209,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":210},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724601","Activity-dependent modulation of synapse identity","The mature brain results from the formation of precise networks between functionally and morphologically distinct types of neurons. A given neuron forms synapses with a limited number of partners and on precise subcellular localizations. Understanding what controls this specificity is mandatory not only to understand brain functions but also the aetiology of synaptopathies such as autism spectrum disorders or schizophrenia. Various molecules define the identity of each type of synapse. Furthermo",{"id":212,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":213,"piName":10,"institution":204,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":214,"abstract":215},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724300","Single Molecule Nanoscale Sensors for Improved Therapies and Diagnostics","€1,997,680","One of the most significant challenges facing the healthcare community is the accurate and selective detection and quantification of trace levels of analyte. This can have enormous impact with numerous application, especially in the context of biosensing, where applications can range from early stage detection of disease to the identification of new markers amongst others. These challenges are compounded when the analysis of real samples or even complex mixtures are required. To address this nee",{"id":217,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":218,"piName":10,"institution":204,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":219,"abstract":220},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725762","The Lignin-First Approach for the Full Valorisation of Lignocellulosic Biomass","€1,999,756","Early-stage Catalytic Conversion of Lignin (ECCL), or the ‘Lignin-First’ approach, constitutes an emerging multidisciplinary research field targeting the valorisation of lignin. ECCL involves the concurrent extraction and catalytic conversion of the lignin fragments released from plant biomass in a one-pot process. In this manner, ECCL benefits from the intrinsically high reactivity of the lignin oligomers, leading to further depolymerisation (via hydrogenolysis of ether linkages) and, most impo",{"id":222,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":223,"piName":10,"institution":204,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":224,"abstract":225},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724334","A Wearable Electronics Approach To Reduce Mortality in Epilepsy","€1,999,999","Epilepsy is a neurological condition that affects approximately 1% of the population (or over 50 million people in the world). Europe alone is home to 6 million people that suffer from epilepsy with one new case every minute. In certain cases, healthy patients with epilepsy can die suddenly and unexpectedly. This is known as Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP). SUDEP kills thousands of people in Europe every year. Unfortunately the mechanisms of SUDEP are not known, which makes it unpred",{"id":227,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":228,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":229,"abstract":230},"cordis-european-research-council-award-723085","Shaping a European Scientific Scene : Alfonsine Astronomy","€1,871,250","Alfonsine astronomy is arguably among the first European scientific achievements. It shaped a scene for actors like Regiomontanus or Copernicus. There is however little detailed historical analysis encompassing its development in its full breadth. ALFA addresses this issue by studying tables, instruments, mathematical and theoretical texts in a methodologically innovative way relying on approaches from the history of manuscript cultures, history of mathematics, and history of astronomy.ALFA inte",{"id":232,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":233,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":234,"abstract":235},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725100","Microfluidic Approaches mimicking BIoGeological conditions to investigate subsurface CO2 recycling","€1,995,354","The management of anthropogenic CO2 will be one of the main challenges of this century given the dramatic impact of greenhouse gases on our living environment. A fascinating strategy to restore the advantages of stored CO2 as a raw material would be to consider a slow biological upgrading process of CO2 in deep geological formations. Significantly, the recent development of microfluidic tools to study pore-scale phenomena under high pressure, opens new avenues to investigate such strategies. Thu",{"id":237,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":238,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":239,"abstract":240},"cordis-european-research-council-award-723955","Universal explanation of low-temperature glass anomalies","€1,362,125","While amorphous solids constitute most of the solid matter found in Nature, their understanding is much poorer than forcrystalline solids, at the point that most solid state textbooks are entirely focused on crystals. The reason underlying this uncomfortable situation is that amorphous solids display all kind of anomalies with respect to a simple description in terms of phonon excitations around a perfect lattice. In particular, they display an excess of low-frequency vibrational modes, their th",{"id":242,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":243,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":244,"abstract":245},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725528","Mathematics of Density Functional Theory","€1,534,159","Density Functional Theory (DFT) is one of the most famous methods used in quantum physics and chemistry to describe matter at the microscopic scale. The purpose of the proposal is to investigate the mathematical foundations of this theory. The questions which have to be solved involve advanced tools from nonlinear analysis, partial differential equations, spectral theory, optimal transport, and numerical analysis. Several have stayed unsolved for many years. The project is prone to have an impac",{"id":247,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":248,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":249,"abstract":250},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725144","Towards programmable cyber-physical systems: a symbolic control approach","€1,266,731","Cyber-physical systems (CPS) consist of computational elements monitoring and controlling physical entities. The main objective of the PROCSYS project is to propose a general framework for the design of programmable CPS that will allow engineers to develop advanced functionalities using a high-level programming language for specifying the behaviours of a CPS while abstracting the details of the physical dynamics. Controllers enforcing the specified behaviours will be generated from a high-level ",{"id":252,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":253,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":254},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724881","Deciphering biomineralization mechanisms through 3D explorations of mesoscale crystalline structure in calcareous biomaterials","The fundamental 3D-BioMat project aims at providing a biomineralization model to explain the formation of microscopic calcareous single-crystals produced by living organisms. Although these crystals present a wide variety of shapes, associated to various organic materials, the observation of a nanoscale granular structure common to almost all calcareous crystallizing organisms, associated to an extended crystalline coherence, underlies a generic biomineralization and assembly process. A key to b",{"id":256,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":257,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":258,"abstract":259},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725773","Growth, Isoperimetry and Random walks on Groups","€1,789,438","The goal of the project is to develop new techniques for estimation and evaluation of well-known asymptotic invariants of groups, including growth of groups, isoperimetric profiles,  entropy and probability to return to the origin of random walks as well as of some more recent invariants related to the geometric criteria for construction of quotients of groups, which appeared in the joint work of PI with A.Karlsson (2010), and in a recent work of Ozawa (2015) giving a short functional analytic p",{"id":261,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":262,"piName":10,"institution":263,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":264,"abstract":265},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725483","Microscopic Origins of Fracture Toughness","MAX-PLANCK-INSTITUT FUR NACHHALTIGE MATERIALIEN GMBH","€1,996,570","The resistance to crack propagation is undoubtedly one of the most important properties of structural materials. However, our current mechanistic understanding of the fracture processes in typical semi-brittle materials like steels, refractory metals or semiconductors is not sufficiently advanced to predict the fracture toughness KIc and its dependence on the microstructure, temperature and strain rate. Therefore, KIc is commonly regarded as a phenomenological material parameter for fracture mec",{"id":267,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":268,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":269,"abstract":270},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726420","Hybrid Indium Phosphide on Silicon nanophotonics for ultimate laser diodes, flip-flops and memories","€1,981,721","The HYPNOTIC project aims at achieving a breakthrough in Silicon laser science and technology by taking forward the III-V semiconductors on Silicon hybrid technology into the nanophotonic world to make the dream of the convergence of microelectronics and photonics on a chip come true. This project intends to take up the challenge of bringing to reality electrically powered photonic crystal nanolasers as reference sources for dense integration and logical processing in a Silicon-based optical pla",{"id":272,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":273,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":274,"abstract":275},"cordis-european-research-council-award-723241","Boosting tryptophan fluorescence with optical nanoantennas to watch label-free protein dynamics with single molecule resolution at high concentration","€1,947,208","Proteins execute a broad range of functions that are central to life. Understanding these functions ultimately requires experiments at the single protein level to reveal dynamics and heterogeneities hidden in ensemble-averaged measurements. Currently, the preferred method to study single protein machineries is based on fluorescence techniques. However, fluorescence experiments suffer from major challenges: the need for external fluorescent labeling, weak signals and low non-physiological concent",{"id":277,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":278,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":279,"abstract":280},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725554","Structure and Function of the Bacterial Transformasome","€1,999,920","Natural genetic transformation, first discovered in Streptococcus pneumoniae by Griffith in 1928, is observed in many Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. This process promotes genome plasticity and adaptability. In particular, it enables many human pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus or Neisseria gonorrhoeae to acquire resistance to antibiotics and\u002For to escape vaccines. For natural transformation to occur, bacteria must develop a highly regulated physiologica",{"id":282,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":283,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":284,"abstract":285},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724777","Real-time precision tests of lepton universality","€1,986,000","The Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics is the most accurate available description of nature atmicroscopic scales, yet it is in fundamental contradiction with cosmological observations and models whichdescribe the macroscopic universe. For this reason, it is postulated that the SM is incomplete, andthat additional particles and\u002For forces are needed in order to describe both microscopic and macroscopic realityin a coherent and self-consistent manner. If such additional New Physics does exist,",{"id":287,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":288,"piName":10,"institution":289,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":290},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725907","Chromosome number variations in vivo: probing mechanisms of genesis and elimination","INSTITUT CURIE","How variations in whole chromosome number impact organism homeostasis remains an open question. Variations to the normal euploid genome content are frequently found in healthy animals and are thought to contribute with phenotypic variability in adverse situations. Yet they are also at the basis of several human diseases, including neuro-developmental disorders and cancer. Our preliminary data shows that physiological aneuploidy can be identified in certain cells during development. Moreover, we ",{"id":292,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":293,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":294,"abstract":295},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724208","Statistical physics of immune-viral co-evolution","€1,909,750","The immune system within each individual host destroys viruses, which manage to escape immunity on the global scale. Recent experiments show population-level responses of both immune repertoires and viruses, and a history dependence of their functional phenotypes. This constrained long-term co-evolution of immune receptor and viral populations is a stochastic many-body problem occurring at many scales, in which the response emerges based on the past states of both the repertoire and viral popula",{"id":297,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":298,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":299,"abstract":300},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726169","Brain computer interface to study and manipulate mamories of aversive experience during sleep","€1,998,250","The aim of this project is to study the influence of sleep in the establishment of aversive memory and to propose a proof of concept for the use of brain-computer interfaces during sleep to treat pathologies associated with fear or anxiety such as post-traumatic stress disorders. It is now  accepted that sleep plays a crucial role in memory consolidation processes that allow the conversion of newly encoded memory traces into more stable information. Numerous studies have shown that some of the p",{"id":302,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":303,"piName":10,"institution":304,"country":305,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":306},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725025","The Missing Link of Episodic Memory Decline in Aging: The Role of Inefficient Systems Consolidation","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","NO","Which brain mechanisms are responsible for the faith of the memories we make with age, whether they wither or stay, and in what form? Episodic memory function does decline with age. While this decline can have multiple causes, research has focused almost entirely on encoding and retrieval processes, largely ignoring a third critical process– consolidation. The objective of AgeConsolidate is to provide this missing link, by combining novel experimental cognitive paradigms with neuroimaging in a l",{"id":308,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":309,"piName":10,"institution":310,"country":311,"year":13,"amount":312,"abstract":313},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725961","Economic Uncertainty and Fertility in Europe","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE","IT","€1,689,272","EU-FER is a project about Economic Uncertainty and FERtility in EUrope. Economic uncertainty may be interpreted as an individual risk factor, mainly related to the labour market (e.g. unemployment, short-term contract jobs, underemployment, or a combination of these), but it may also be conceptualized as a macro-level phenomenon, reflecting the general uncertainty felt by people in times of economic turbulence. The recent Great Recession, spanning 2007 to 2009 and featuring downturns in both fin",{"id":315,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":316,"piName":10,"institution":317,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":166,"abstract":318},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724431","New discrete choice theory for understanding moral decision making behaviour","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","Discrete choice theory provides a mathematically rigorous framework to analyse and predict choice behaviour. While many of the theory’s key developments originate from the domain of transportation (mobility, travel behaviour), it is now widely used throughout the social sciences. The theory has a blind spot for moral choice behaviour. It was designed to analyse situations where people make choices that are optimal given their consumer preferences, rather than situations where people attempt to m",{"id":320,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":321,"piName":10,"institution":317,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":322,"abstract":323},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725686","Death and Life of Catalysts: a Theory-Guided Unified Approach for Non-Critical Metal Catalyst Development","€1,999,524","Most of the developments in catalyst are still based on serendipitous and trial-and-error approaches, in which potential systems can be overlooked simply because of the sub-optimal conditions of the initial activity assessment. Mechanistic and kinetic studies could provide a framework for a more adequate assessment of new catalysts, but such rigorous experiments are not practical for general catalyst discovery. Modern chemical theory and computations hold a promise to be employed in new efficien",{"id":325,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":326,"piName":10,"institution":317,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":327,"abstract":328},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726381","Signal Transduction in Organic Materials","€1,998,985","It is the overall aim of this project to use responsive catalysts to introduce signal transduction cascades in soft materials, enabling autonomous, programmable and amplified response of soft materials to chemical signals from their environment. 'Smart' soft materials could find many important applications ranging from personalized therapeutics to soft robotics. However, as most molecular materials are unable to communicate, or even respond to, changes in their environment, truly smart materials",{"id":330,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":331,"piName":10,"institution":317,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":332},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725183","Flows Unveiled: Multimodal Measurement in Opaque Two-Phase Flows","Dispersed multiphase flows are encountered in nearly every process in nature and industry; examples include sediment in rivers, catalysts in reactors and blood flow. Despite their relevance, it is currently difficult to accurately and efficiently model these flows. The opacity of the flows, even at moderate volume fractions, renders the common optical flow measurement tools useless. As a result, very little high-quality data is currently available to develop (numerical) models.In this project, I",{"id":334,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":335,"piName":10,"institution":336,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":338},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724803","Elucidating the Role of Enhancer Methylation Variation in Cancer and Developing Enhancer-based Markers and Targets for Precision Medicine","THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM","IL","Cancer is a growing medical problem which genetic and environmental basis is not clearly understood. Massive efforts over the last decade have identified differences in cancer gene expression that cannot be explained by coding sequences or promoter variations, whereas the effect of transcriptional enhancers remains unclear due to the lack of an effective way to link enhancers with their controlled genes. Recently, we discovered a class of inter-tumor, inter-patient DNA methylation variations in ",{"id":340,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":341,"piName":10,"institution":94,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":342,"abstract":343},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724981","Efficient electronic transport at room temperature by T-shaped molecules in graphene based chemically modified three-terminal nanodevices","€1,998,879","Tmol4TRANS aims to create operative molecular systems that will efficiently be inserted in three-terminal nanodevices to function as transistors at room temperature (RT). In the front-line of molecular electronics, the implementation of functional nanodevices in present technologies is mainly hampered by crucial unresolved issues like: a) reliability of RT experiments on molecular transistors; b) absence of controlled methodologies to deposit single molecules at specific sites; c) low conductanc",{"id":345,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":346,"piName":10,"institution":347,"country":348,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":349},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725627","Learning and collective intelligence for optimized operations in wake flows","UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN","BE","Physics dictate that a flow device has to leave a wake or the signature of it producing sustentation forces, extracting energy, or simply moving through the medium; these flow structures can then impact negatively or favorably another device downstream. Wake turbulence between aircraft in air traffic and wake losses within wind farms are prime examples of this phenomenon, and incidentally constitute pivotal challenges to their respective fields of transportation and wind energy. These are highly",{"id":351,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":352,"piName":10,"institution":353,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":354},"cordis-european-research-council-award-681404","The Logic of Conceivability: Modelling Rational Imagination with Non-Normal Modal Logics","THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ST ANDREWS","“The human imagination remains one of the last uncharted territories of the mind”  - Ruth Byrne, The Rational ImaginationOur mind represents non-actual scenarios to extract information from them. We cannot experience beforehand which situations are or will be actual. So we explore them in our imagination, leaving our perceptions offline: ‘What would happen if...?’. The cognitive importance of this activity is hardly overestimated.But what is its *logic*? The orthodox logical treatment of represe",{"id":356,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":357,"piName":10,"institution":358,"country":311,"year":13,"amount":359,"abstract":360},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724914","Alchemy in the Making: From ancient Babylonia via Graeco-Roman Egypt into the Byzantine, Syriac and Arabic traditions (1500 BCE - 1000 AD)","ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - UNIVERSITA DI BOLOGNA","€1,997,000","The AlchemEast project is devoted to the study of alchemical theory and practice as it appeared and developed in distinct, albeit contiguous (both chronologically and geographically) areas: Graeco-Roman Egypt, Byzantium, and the Near East, from Ancient Babylonian times to the early Islamic Period. This project combines innovative textual investigations with experimental replications of ancient alchemical procedures. It uses sets of historically and philologically informed laboratory replications",{"id":362,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":363,"piName":10,"institution":364,"country":365,"year":13,"amount":366,"abstract":367},"cordis-european-research-council-award-681311","Quantum Environment Engineering for Steered Systems","AALTO KORKEAKOULUSAATIO SR","FI","€1,949,570","The superconducting quantum computer has very recently reached the theoretical thresholds for fault-tolerant universal quantum computing and a quantum annealer based on superconducting quantum bits, qubits, is already commercially available. However, several fundamental questions on the way to efficient large-scale quantum computing have to be answered: qubit initialization, extreme gate accuracy, and quantum-level power consumption.This project, QUESS, aims for a breakthrough in the realization",{"id":369,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":370,"piName":10,"institution":371,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":372},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724707","Photonic integrated quantum transceivers","RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG","Quantum processors are envisioned to conquer ultimate challenges in information processing and to enable simulations of complex physical processes that are intractable with classical computers. Among the various experimental approaches to implement such devices, scalable technologies are particularly promising because they allow for the realization of large numbers of quantum components in circuit form. For upscaling towards functional applications distributed systems will be needed to overcome ",{"id":374,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":375,"piName":10,"institution":376,"country":138,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":377},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725701","Directed crop breeding using jumping genes","EIDGENOESSISCHES DEPARTEMENT FUER WIRTSCHAFT, BILDUNG UND FORSCHUNG","The rapidly changing climate puts commonly used crop plants under strong pressure. It is therefore essential to develop novel breeding technologies to rapidly enhance crops to better withstand newly emerging stresses.Interestingly, a clear link between transposable elements (TEs), crop improvement and varietal diversification exists. Furthermore, in recent years the importance of (TEs) in evolution and adaptation to stresses has been recognized. However the use of TEs in crop breeding is current",{"id":379,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":380,"piName":10,"institution":381,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":382,"abstract":383},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725589","The Evolution Problem in General Relativity","SORBONNE UNIVERSITE","€1,455,000","General relativity has been introduced by A. Einstein in 1915. It is a major theory of modern physics and at the same time has led to fascinating mathematical problems. The present proposal focusses on two aspects of the evolution problem for the Einstein equations which has been initiated by the pioneering work of Y. Choquet-Bruhat in 1952.The Einstein equations form a nonlinear system of partial differential equations of hyperbolic type whose complexity raises significant challenges to its mat",{"id":385,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":386,"piName":10,"institution":381,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":387},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724705","Pushing the frontiers of biological imaging with genetically encoded fluorescence switches","Biological imaging is essential for revealing the inner workings of living systems. Among the numerous imaging modalities, light microscopy has revolutionized biological research. In addition to advances in optics and detectors, imaging has benefited from the development of molecular tools to observe biomolecules in action. Although the last decade’s breakthroughs in imaging have led to new discoveries in biology, there are still extraordinary opportunities for basic and clinical research in fur",{"id":389,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":390,"piName":10,"institution":358,"country":311,"year":13,"amount":391,"abstract":392},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724046","The earliest migration of Homo sapiens in Southern Europe: understanding the biocultural processes that define our uniqueness","€1,993,811","Anatomically modern humans (AMHs) radiated out of Africa into the rest of the world around 60,000-50,000 years ago. While various evidence suggests arrivals of AMHs in Asia and Australia ca. 45,000 calendar years before present (cal BP), the timing and pattern of the biological and cultural shifts that occurred in Europe around 50,000 to 35,000 cal BP, are hotly debated and are considered to be among the most important questions in paleoanthropology. This period documents 1) the demise of the au",{"id":394,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":395,"piName":10,"institution":396,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":397,"abstract":398},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726504","Violence Elites and Resilience in States Under Stress","THE UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX","€1,999,390","Political violence affects 2 billion citizens across the developing world. Conflict contributes to political decline, high corruption and poverty, poor social cohesion and low institutional trust. VERSUS represents a new direction in political, geographic and empirical subnational studies of conflict and governance. It determines how violence erupts from political processes in varied environments and examines how common internal and external shocks create new trajectories of governance, violence",{"id":400,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":401,"piName":10,"institution":402,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":403,"abstract":404},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724298","Differential Inclusions and Fluid Mechanics","UNIVERSITAET LEIPZIG","€1,860,875","Important problems in science often involve structures on several distinct length scales. Two typical examples are fine phase mixtures in solid-solid phase transitions and the complex mixing patterns in turbulent or multiphase flows. The microstructures in such situations influence in a crucial way the macroscopic behavior of the system, and understanding the formation, interaction and overall effect of these structures is a great scientific challenge. Although there is a large variety of models",{"id":406,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":407,"piName":10,"institution":408,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":409,"abstract":410},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724518","A Comparative Study of Resilience in Survivors of War Rape and Sexual Violence: New Directions for Transitional Justice","THE UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM","€1,790,580","The profound trauma associated with rape and sexual violence in conflict has been extensively explored within existing scholarship. The fact that many survivors exhibit remarkable post-trauma resilience, however, remains critically under-investigated. CSRS will address this fundamental gap by undertaking a paradigm-shifting empirical study of the underlying conditions for resilience. It will then use this data to pioneer a new, survivor-centred model of transitional justice – the process of redr",{"id":412,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":413,"piName":10,"institution":414,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":415,"abstract":416},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725046","Time-Resolved Nonlinear Ghost Imaging","LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY","€1,979,270","This project addresses major challenges in Terahertz (THz) sensing at the forefront of the experimental and theoretical investigation. The results will have far-reaching implications in complex science. They will target the next generation of THz imagers, acknowledged as unique diagnostic tools in cross-disciplinary fields in light of the THz’s distinctive ability to unambiguously discriminate molecular compounds. The project objectives are:(i) to explore the consequences of modern approaches to",{"id":418,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":419,"piName":10,"institution":420,"country":348,"year":13,"amount":421,"abstract":422},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725422","The evolutionary dynamics of pathogen emergence and establishment: from Reservoir Detection to Outbreak Control","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","€1,810,576","Extracted evolutionary and epidemiological information from pathogen genomes has grown into an important instrument across infectious disease research. By harnessing such information, molecular epidemiologists aim to shed light on the origin and epidemic history of pathogens, from reservoir dynamics to emergence and adaptation to new hosts, and their spatiotemporal spread. However, despite the revolution in genome sequencing technologies and advances in statistical methodology, key questions abo",{"id":424,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":425,"piName":10,"institution":77,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":426,"abstract":427},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724949","The Politics of Wealth Inequality and Mobility in the Twenty-First Century","€1,696,109","Over the past decade scholars across the social sciences have grappled with the causes and consequences of economic inequality and social mobility. Income inequality has risen to levels unseen for a century. At the same time, economies in Europe and beyond have seen an even larger concentration in wealth, along with unprecedented volatility in asset markets such as housing and equities. These changes in the distribution of wealth have been of great economic and political consequence, with the de",{"id":429,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":430,"piName":10,"institution":431,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":432,"abstract":433},"cordis-european-research-council-award-683064","Modern Pattern Matching","BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY","€1,994,609","The advances in technology over the last decade and the massive amount of data passing through the internet has intrigued and challenged computer scientists, as the old models of computation used before this era are nowless relevant or too slow. New computational models have been suggested to tackle these technological advances. In the most basic sense, these modern models allow oneto scan the input only once, possible with small auxiliary memory. Nevertheless, modern techniques have also been i",{"id":435,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":436,"piName":10,"institution":437,"country":365,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":438},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725369","High-density QCD matter from first principles","HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO","Predicting the collective properties of strongly interacting matter at the highest densities reached within the present-day Universe is one of the most prominent challenges in modern nuclear theory. It is motivated by the desire to map out the complicated phase diagram of the theory, and perhaps even more importantly by the mystery surrounding the inner structure of neutron stars. The task is, however, severely complicated by the notorious Sign Problem of lattice QCD, due to which no nonperturba",{"id":440,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":441,"piName":10,"institution":442,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":443,"abstract":444},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726206","Horn and Crescent. Connections, Mobility and Exchange between the Horn of Africa and the Middle East in the Middle Ages","UNIVERSITE D'AIX MARSEILLE","€1,859,656","This project offers the first comprehensive study of medieval connections between the Horn of Africa and the Middle East in both Christian and Islamic contexts. It pursues the hypothesis that mobility and exchange along trade and pilgrimage routes, on both sides of and across the Red Sea, were not only vectors for the spread of Islam but also factors of African Christianities’ resiliency and reconfiguration at the same time. Medieval connections of Ethiopian and Nubian Christianities with other ",{"id":446,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":447,"piName":10,"institution":448,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":449},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724537","Inside the Self: from interoception to self- and other-awareness","ROYAL HOLLOWAY AND BEDFORD NEW COLLEGE","Modern psychology has long focused on the importance of the body as the basis of the self.  However, this focus concerned the exteroceptive body, that is, the body as perceived from the outside, as when we recognize ourselves in the mirror. This influential approach has neglected another important dimension of the body, namely the interoceptive body, that is, the body as perceived from within, as for example when one feels her racing heart.  In psychology, research on interoception has focused m",{"id":451,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":452,"piName":10,"institution":453,"country":454,"year":13,"amount":455,"abstract":456},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724436","New and Old Histones in Epigenetic Cell Memory","KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET","DK","€1,999,750","Cell type specific organization of DNA into chromatin is an important determinant of gene expression and cell identity. During cell division, epigenetic information in chromatin must be transmitted to daughter cells in order to maintain cell identity or commit to a developmental program. However, it remains unknown how epigenetic states are inherited during cell division. Elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying epigenetic cell memory thus represents a major challenge in biology critical to u",{"id":458,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":459,"piName":10,"institution":460,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":461,"abstract":462},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725974","Understanding Deep Face Recognition","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€1,696,888","Face recognition is a fascinating domain: no other domain seems to present as much value when analysing casual photos; it is one of the few domains in machine learning in which millions of classes are routinely learned; and the trade-off between subtle inter-identity variations and pronounced intra-identity variations forms a unique challenge. The advent of deep learning has brought machines to what is considered a human level of performance. However, there are many research questions that are l",{"id":464,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":465,"piName":10,"institution":336,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":466},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724097","Speleothems paleoclimate: accounting for isotopic disequilibrium","Understanding and quantifying the impacts of climate change at the regional and hemispheric scales are particularly difficult with respect to changes in rainfall and temperature patterns that lead to extended droughts and flooding events. Isotopic records in speleothems are increasingly used to determine climate variability on land and for data-model comparisons. However, transferring speleothem records into quantitative climate parameters suffers from a major limitation: speleothem formation pr",{"id":468,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":469,"piName":10,"institution":470,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":471},"cordis-european-research-council-award-682809","Common mechanisms of host membrane trafficking subversion by intracellular pathogens to rupture bacterial containing vacuoles","INSTITUT PASTEUR","A common strategy of bacterial pathogens is active or passive uptake into host cells. There, they can localize within a bacterial containing vacuole (BCV) or access the host cytoplasm through BCV rupture. Hence, intracellular pathogens are often classified as vacuole-bound or cytoplasmic. Recently, this definition has been challenged by the discovery that many vacuole-bound pathogens, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Salmonella enterica, access the host cytoplasm, and by the insight that",{"id":473,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":474,"piName":10,"institution":475,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":476},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726318","A study of the roles of the immune and inflammatory systems in hypertension.","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","Hypertension is a common disease impacting 1 billion people worldwide, which leads to catastrophic cardiovascular complications. The cause of primary hypertension is unknown and the disease remains uncontrolled in many patients. By interrogating the key hypothesis that inflammatory dysregulation fundamentally controls development of hypertension and vascular remodelling, InflammaTENSION provides a new paradigm for the management of the disease, with the potential to lead to identification of nov",{"id":478,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":479,"piName":10,"institution":480,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":481,"abstract":482},"cordis-european-research-council-award-681607","Understanding creativity and problem solving through sleep-engineering","CARDIFF UNIVERSITY","€1,999,195","Innovative problem solving is critical for all spheres of organised endeavour, including science and industry, and thus forms the cornerstone of a successful society.  Such creative thinking often requires suppression of preconceptions and restructuring of existing knowledge.  Pioneering work has shown that sleep facilitates problem solving, but exactly how, and which sleep characteristics are important, remain to be determined.  We know that recent experiences are replayed in sleep, and that in",{"id":484,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":485,"piName":10,"institution":486,"country":487,"year":13,"amount":488,"abstract":489},"cordis-european-research-council-award-682848","Language bootstraps cognitive complexity","NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH","IE","€1,971,431","Language and cognition have a close, but cryptic, relationship. Is language just another tool in humans' diverse cognitive toolkit; vital for communication, but not necessary for complex, high-level thought? Or is language what allows us to form and manipulate complex thoughts in the first place, by allowing words to act as placeholders in ideas that would otherwise be too unwieldy to handle? Distinguishing between these possibilities is vital to understanding our most fundamental cognitive facu",{"id":491,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":492,"piName":10,"institution":493,"country":138,"year":13,"amount":494,"abstract":495},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724750","Hydrogen isotopes in plant-derived organic compounds as new tool to identify changes in the carbon metabolism of plants and ecosystems during the anthropocene","UNIVERSITAT BASEL","€1,999,941","HYDROCARB is motivated by the enormous potential that stable hydrogen isotope ratios (δ2H values) in plant compounds have as hydrological proxy, but in particular as new proxy for the carbon metabolism in plants. Current conceptual models suggest that δ2H values in plant organic compounds are composed of (i) hydrological and (ii) metabolic signals. The hydrological information that is contained in δ2H values of plant material is now well understood and is often applied in (paleo-) hydrological r",{"id":497,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":498,"piName":10,"institution":499,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":500,"abstract":501},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725004","Decoding mitochondrial nutrient-sensing programs in POMC neurons as key determinants of metabolic health","FUNDACIO DE RECERCA CLINIC BARCELONA-INSTITUT D INVESTIGACIONS BIOMEDIQUES AUGUST PI I SUNYER","€1,999,573","Nutrient-sensing by POMC neurons is a critical process to monitor the metabolic status of the organism and to coordinate adaptive neuroendocrine, behavioural and metabolic effectors of energy balance. Mitochondria, as central commanders of cellular energy production and primary sources of bioenergetic signals, are logical candidates to play a key role in metabolic control. However, a comprehensive understanding of the mitochondria as nutrient-sensors and modulators of systemic energy homeostasis",{"id":503,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":504,"piName":10,"institution":505,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":506,"abstract":507},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725165","Hierarchically Engineered Inorganic Nanomaterials from the atomic to supra-nanocrystalline level as a novel platform for SOLution Processed SOLar cells","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE CIENCIES FOTONIQUES","€2,486,865","Solution processed inorganic nanocrystal (NC) materials have received enormous attention as an emerging technology to address the TW challenge in solar cells. These nanomaterials offer a unique opportunity for low-cost high efficiency all-inorganic solar cells. Despite the great efforts though, only a limited number of colloidal NC compounds has been successfully employed, which either rely on costly and scarce elements or toxic materials. HEINSOL´s mission is to develop the first highly efficie",{"id":509,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":510,"piName":10,"institution":475,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":511},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726130","Molecular control of DNA replication timing in mammalian cells","DNA replication is an essential process ensuring the transmission of genetic information and is highly regulated. Specifically, the DNA replication-timing program ensures that the sites of initiation of DNA replication, termed origins, are not all activated simultaneously but follow a cell-type specific schedule. This pathway is conserved throughout eukaryotic evolution, however its molecular control and biological role are not fully understood. In this proposal I aim to understand key aspects o",{"id":513,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":514,"piName":10,"institution":515,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":516,"abstract":517},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724425","BiogENesis and Degradation of Endoplasmic Reticulum proteins","UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT","€2,496,611","The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) membrane in all eukaryotic cells has an intricate protein network that facilitates protein biogene-sis and homeostasis. The molecular complexity and sophisticated regulation of this machinery favours study-ing it in its native microenvironment by novel approaches. Cryo-electron tomography (CET) allows 3D im-aging of membrane-associated complexes in their native surrounding. Computational analysis of many sub-tomograms depicting the same type of macromolecule, a tec",{"id":519,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":520,"piName":10,"institution":521,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":522},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725929","Theoretical Foundations of Memory Micro-Insertions in Wireless Communications","EURECOM GIE","We propose to develop the theoretical foundations of transforming memory into data rates, and to explore their practical ramifications in wireless communication networks.Motivated by the long-lasting open challenge to invent a communication technology that scales with the network size, we have recently discovered early indications of how preemptive use of distributed data-storage at the receiving communication nodes (well before transmission), can offer unprecedented throughput gains by surprisi",{"id":524,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":525,"piName":10,"institution":526,"country":305,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":527},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724836","Cognitive Geometry: Deciphering neural concept spaces and engineering knowledge to empower smart brains in a smart society","NORGES TEKNISK-NATURVITENSKAPELIGE UNIVERSITET NTNU","Through smart technology, we are overwhelmed with new information. Does this unlimited access to knowledge make us smarter? One of the key challenges for modern societies is to understand how the brain assembles our rich inventory of knowledge. Here, I will test the hypothesis that newly acquired knowledge is represented in the hippocampal formation in neural concept spaces, which are based on the coding principles and representational structures of the neural machinery involved in spatial navig",{"id":529,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":530,"piName":10,"institution":531,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":532,"abstract":533},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724704","Search for Higgs bosons decaying to charm quarks","RHEINISCH-WESTFAELISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE AACHEN","€1,973,875","In the standard model of particle physics (SM), the Higgs boson explains the existence of mass of the elementary particles. However, the model suffers from severe weaknesses: radiative corrections drive the theoretical mass of the Higgs boson to extremely high, unnatural values, while the observed mass is rather low (the famous hierarchy problem). Unknown mechanisms of physics beyond the standard model (BSM) must exist to avoid this unnatural situation. Such BSM mechanisms modify the predicted p",{"id":535,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":536,"piName":10,"institution":460,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":537},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724866","Stability and dynamics at different spatial scales: From physiology to Alzheimer's degeneration","How neuronal circuits maintain the balance between stability and plasticity in a constantly changing environment remains one of the most fundamental questions in neuroscience. Empirical and theoretical studies suggest that homeostatic negative feedback mechanisms operate to stabilize the function of a system at a set point level of activity. While extensive research uncovered diverse homeostatic mechanisms that maintain activity of neural circuits at extended timescales, several key questions re",{"id":539,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":540,"piName":10,"institution":541,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":542,"abstract":543},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725613","The role of minerals in the oceanic carbon cycle","UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS","€1,985,996","The oceanic carbon cycle is key for regulating the Earth system because, in sediments and seawater, the balance between the degradation and preservation of organic carbon (OC) exerts a first order control on atmospheric CO2 and O2. In sediments, OC is preserved over millions of years, while in seawater, a dissolved form of recalcitrant OC has been recently recognised as critical to OC storage over anthropogenic timescales. Both sedimentary and seawater OC are derived from living organisms, and s",{"id":545,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":546,"piName":10,"institution":547,"country":548,"year":13,"amount":549,"abstract":550},"cordis-european-research-council-award-682472","Towards middle-range theories of the co-evolutionary dynamics of multi-level social-ecological systems","STOCKHOLMS UNIVERSITET","SE","€1,969,599","Humans have the capacity to change the biosphere from local to global scales while at the same time fundamentally depending on a functioning biosphere for their well-being. Moreover human societies are increasingly affected by global change and adapting to it in multiple ways. These interdependencies give rise to non-linear, cross-scale dynamics that pose significant challenges for analysis and governance of social-ecological systems (SES). In view of the need for societal transformations toward",{"id":552,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":553,"piName":10,"institution":554,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":555,"abstract":556},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726380","Design of NanoMOFs Capsules for Drug Delivery and Bioimaging.","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€1,903,685","Cancer is a major health problem worldwide, being the most common cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. The major goal of new anticancer therapies is to specifically kill tumour cells while leaving healthy cells unharmed. A main challenge to achieve this aim is the development of better drugs, including novel treatments based on the use of siRNAs. These macromolecules are potentially the most powerful anti-cancer drugs that exist, but still there is no efficient way of getting them deliv",{"id":558,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":559,"piName":10,"institution":560,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":561,"abstract":562},"cordis-european-research-council-award-723890","Giants through Time:  Towards a Comprehensive Giant Planet Climatology","UNIVERSITY OF LEICESTER","€1,999,815","Giant planets serve as natural laboratories to explore the processes shaping planetary climate.  The next five years will likely transform our understanding of the extreme environments of the outer Solar System, with the culmination of the Juno and Cassini missions to Jupiter and Saturn and the arrival of a new capability for ice giant science (James Webb Space Telescope, JWST).  GIANTCLIMES will capitalise on this chance of a generation by assembling the first comprehensive climatology of all f",{"id":564,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":565,"piName":10,"institution":566,"country":567,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":568},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726049","Insect Photoperiodic Timer","BIOLOGICKE CENTRUM AKADEMIE VID CESKE REPUBLIKY VEREJNA VYZKUMNA INSTITUCE","CZ","Daylength measuring devices such as the photoperiodic timer enable animals to anticipate and thus survive adverse seasons. This ability has contributed to the great success of insects living in temperate regions. Yet the basis of photoperiodic sensing remains elusive, because of the lack of suitable genetic models expressing photoperiod-dependent seasonal phenotypes. We have developed the linden bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus, into a genetically tractable model with a robust, photoperiod-dependent rep",{"id":570,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":571,"piName":10,"institution":572,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":573},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725915","In situ and Operando Nanocatalysis: Size, Shape and Chemical State Effects","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","Tailoring the chemical reactivity of nanomaterials at the atomic level is one of the most important challenges in catalysis research. In order to achieve this elusive goal, fundamental understanding of the structural and chemical properties of these complex systems must be obtained. Numerous studies have been devoted to understanding the properties that affect the catalytic performance of metal nanoparticles (NPs) such as their size, interaction with the support, and chemical state. The role pla",{"id":575,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":576,"piName":10,"institution":577,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":578,"abstract":579},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726384","Galaxy Evolution in the ALMA Era - The Baryon Cycle and Star Formation in Nearby Galaxies","RHEINISCHE FRIEDRICH-WILHELMS-UNIVERSITAT BONN","€1,659,451","A thorough understanding of the processes regulating the conversion of gas into stars is key to understand structure formation in the universe and the evolution of galaxies through cosmic time. Despite significant progress over the past years, the properties of the actual dense, star forming gas across normal disk galaxies remain largely unknown. This will be changed with EMPIRE, a comprehensive 500hr large program led by the PI at the IRAM 30m mm-wave telescope. EMPIRE will provide for the firs",{"id":581,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":582,"piName":10,"institution":554,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":583,"abstract":584},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725126","DNA dynamics in the unusual cell cycle of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum","€1,998,696","This proposal promises to transform our understanding of the basic biology of the malaria parasite Plasmodium, and of how that biology affects virulence. Remarkably little is known about the Plasmodium cell cycle, despite a wealth of knowledge on the subject in model cells. This project will reveal, with unprecedented resolution, how DNA replication is organised in Plasmodium and how changing conditions in the human host and exposure to antimalarial drugs affect it. Plasmodium is an early-diverg",{"id":586,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":587,"piName":10,"institution":588,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":589,"abstract":590},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724177","Strongly Correlated Physics and Materials for Energy Technology","ECOLE SUPERIEURE DE PHYSIQUE ET DECHIMIE INDUSTRIELLES DE LA VILLE DEPARIS","€1,656,250","Materials where conduction electrons experience strong correlation in their dynamics, are both a challenge to the current quantum theories of matter and a mine for possible technological applications. High-temperature copper- and iron-based superconductors and heavy-fermions with large thermoelectric responses are examples of materials with high potential impact on energy transmission and storage technologies or high-magnetic field applications. Recently, the discovery that the well known atomic",{"id":592,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":593,"piName":10,"institution":594,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":595},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726032","Building EU civil justice: challenges of procedural innovations bridging access to justice","ERASMUS UNIVERSITEIT ROTTERDAM","Civil justice is under pressure. The proclaimed crisis in civil justice results from the ineffectiveness of procedures in terms of the long duration, high costs, and complexity. These undermine access to justice as guaranteed by the Human Rights Convention and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. It is illustrative in this regard that 26% of the violation judgments concern undue delay of procedure. A well-functioning civil justice system is pivotal for enforcing rights for consumers and busines",{"id":597,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":598,"piName":10,"institution":599,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":600,"abstract":601},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724910","Learning and Anxiety in Amygdala-based Neural Circuits","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","€1,981,175","Major advances were made in understanding circuits that underlie aversive emotional learning. The majority gained by using classical associative models, mainly tone\u002Fcontext-shock conditioning. Failure to extinguish the response or to discriminate from other safe stimuli (generalization), form two main animal models for human anxiety-disorders and post-traumatic-stress. These simple yet powerful approaches enabled cutting-edge techniques in rodents to unveil amygdala circuitry and its connectivit",{"id":603,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":604,"piName":10,"institution":100,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":605},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725246","Transient Engine Driven Explosions","The nature of many of the most energetic explosions in the Universe remains a central unanswered question in contemporary astrophysics. While progress has been made towards the origins of many of the more commonly observed transients – including “normal” core collapse supernovae and long-duration gamma-ray bursts – there remain important mysteries, both new and old. Recent studies suggest that many of the most energetic explosive transients are powered by a central engine that is either an accre",{"id":607,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":608,"piName":10,"institution":609,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":610,"abstract":611},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725798","The Resilience and Evolution of Economic Activism and the Role of Law","TILBURG UNIVERSITY- UNIVERSITEIT VAN TILBURG","€1,999,676","The global financial crisis put basic tenets of neoliberalism into question. Previous crises on product safety also exemplified the limits of delegating regulatory power. However, in the medium run, private regulatory bodies re-assume their previous powerful status and continue to exert undue influence on the functioning of economic activity.This research project investigates the origins and causes of the dominance of private rule-making bodies, focusing on their mutability and resilience. It do",{"id":613,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":614,"piName":10,"institution":615,"country":311,"year":13,"amount":616,"abstract":617},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724939","Universality in Condensed Matter and Statistical Mechanics","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI ROMA TRE","€1,235,875","Universality is a central concept in several branches of mathematics and physics. In the broad context of statistical mechanics and condensed matter, it refers to the independence of certain key observables from the microscopic details of the system. Remarkable examples of this phenomenon are: the universality of the scaling theory at a second order phase transition, at a quantum critical point, or in a phase with broken continuous symmetry; the quantization of the conductivity in interacting or",{"id":619,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":620,"piName":10,"institution":621,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":622,"abstract":623},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725238","Regulating mixed intimacies in Europe","STICHTING VU","€1,999,823","This project is a study of the regulation of ‘mixture’(‘interracial’ sex, relationships and marriage) in Europe’s past and present. Informed by critical race and critical mixed race studies, it challenges the common assumption that Europe never had ‘anti-miscegenation’ laws comparable to those in the United States. In exploring if, when, how and why forms of regulation aiming to prevent or restrict ‘interracial mixture’ developed in Europe in certain times and places, the project delivers a vita",{"id":625,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":626,"piName":10,"institution":627,"country":311,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":628},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725268","Dissecting the Function of Multiple Polycomb Group Complexes in Establishing Transcriptional Identity","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO","The activities of the Polycomb group (PcG) of repressive chromatin modifiers are required to maintain correct transcriptional identity during development and differentiation. These activities are altered in a variety of tumours by gain- or loss-of-function mutations, whose mechanistic aspects still remain unclear.PcGs can be classified in two major repressive complexes (PRC1 and PRC2) with common pathways but distinct biochemical activities. PRC1 catalyses histone H2A ubiquitination of lysine 11",{"id":630,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":631,"piName":10,"institution":599,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":632,"abstract":633},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725161","Celestial fireworks: revealing the physics of the time-variable sky","€2,461,111","Experimental time-domain astrophysics is on the verge of a new era as technological, computational, and operational progress combine to revolutionise the manner in which we study the time-variable sky. This proposal consolidates previous breakthrough work on wide-field surveys into a coherent program to advance our study of the variable sky on ever decreasing time-scales: from days, through hours, to minutes. We will watch how stars explode in real time in order to study the complex physics of s",{"id":635,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":636,"piName":10,"institution":637,"country":348,"year":13,"amount":638,"abstract":639},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725998","Rotifers Highlight the Evolution of Asexuals: the mechanisms of genome evolution in the absence of meiosis","UNIVERSITE LIBRE DE BRUXELLES","€1,908,375","Why sexual reproduction is overwhelmingly predominant among the metazoans remains unclear. Ancient asexual taxa are interesting model systems to gain general insights into the adaptive values of sex. The most notorious and the highest taxonomic rank within the metazoans to reproduce asexually is the bdelloid rotifers. While studies suggest that most asexuals arose recently, the published genome of the bdelloid rotifer Adineta vaga provided the first positive evidence for the long-term ameiotic e",{"id":641,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":642,"piName":10,"institution":643,"country":311,"year":13,"amount":644,"abstract":645},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724748","The functional interaction of EGFR and beta-catenin signalling in colorectal cancer: Genetics, mechanisms, and therapeutic potential.","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TORINO","€1,793,421","Monoclonal antibodies against the EGF receptor (EGFR) provide substantive benefit to colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. However, no genetic lesions that robustly predict ‘addiction’ to the EGFR pathway have been yet identified. Further, even in tumours that regress after EGFR blockade, subsets of drug-tolerant cells often linger and foster ‘minimal residual disease’ (MRD), which portends tumour relapse. Our preliminary evidence suggests that reliance on EGFR activity, as opposed to MRD persistenc",{"id":647,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":648,"piName":10,"institution":649,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":650},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726116","Ecophysiology of membrane lipid remodelling in marine bacteria","UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK","Membrane lipids form the structural basis of all cells. In bacteria Escherichia coli uses predominantly phosphorus-containing lipids (phospholipids) in its cell envelope, including phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol. However, beyond E. coli a range of lipids are found in bacterial membranes, including phospholipids as well as phosphorus (P)-free lipids such as betaine lipids, ornithine lipids, sulfolipids and glycolipids. In the marine environment, it is well established that P av",{"id":652,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":653,"piName":10,"institution":654,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":655},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724629","Illuminating the dark side of surface meteorology: creating a novel framework to explain atmospheric transport and turbulent mixing in the weak-wind boundary layer","UNIVERSITAT BAYREUTH","Surface meteorology impacts the abundance and quality of life on Earth through the transfer and mixing of light, heat, water, CO2, and other substances controlling the resources for humans, plants, and animals. However, current theories and models fail when airflows and turbulence are weak during calm nights leaving weather and climate forecasts uncertain. This ‘dark side’ occupies substantial fractions of time and our landscape, its physics are largely unknown, and has eluded proper experimenta",{"id":657,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":658,"piName":10,"institution":659,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":660,"abstract":661},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724114","Healthscaping Urban Europe: Bio-Power, Space and Society, 1200-1500","UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM","€1,998,004","Medieval public health is mired in modern myth: without centralized governments, democratic values and advanced medicine, promoting health at the population level was purportedly either unthinkable or simply impractical. Offering a radically different view, HealthScaping will document, analyze and disseminate knowledge about preventative public healthcare between 1200-1500, an era of accelerated urbanization followed by massive demographic decline, with the onset of Black Death (1347-51). This l",{"id":663,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":664,"piName":10,"institution":665,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":666},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725492","Hold it or let it go: a niche decision on cancer growth","THE FRANCIS CRICK INSTITUTE LIMITED","The tumour microenvironment or niche is the vital non-cancerous compartment of the tumour structure. Thus, targeting its tissue-derived cells represents a promising avenue to better therapeutic interventions. However, knowledge about the tissue cells taking part of the tumour niche during early cancer development and later progression is lagging behind due to the difficulty of analysing and following early tissue changes in the surrounding of cancer cells in vivo. In our research proposal we wil",{"id":668,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":669,"piName":10,"institution":670,"country":671,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":672},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725187","Levels and Trends of Health Expectancy: Understanding its Measurement and Estimation Sensitivity","OESTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN","AT","Better health is central to human happiness and wellbeing. It also contributes substantially to economic progress, as healthy populations live longer and are more productive. Accordingly, the EU defined the improvement of health as a fundamental element of its “Europe 2020” strategy. The corresponding public health policies are assessed on the basis of a structural indicator for “Health Expectancy” (HE). Unfortunately, HE estimates are extremely sensitive to certain methodological issues of whic",{"id":674,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":675,"piName":10,"institution":676,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":677,"abstract":678},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724608","The evolutionary and developmental origins of Joint Attention: a longitudinal cross-species and cross-cultural comparison","UNIVERSITY OF YORK","€1,989,611","Humans frequently coordinate and share attention about objects and events. Our basic ability to engage in joint attention (JA) is thought to underpin our uniquely complex cooperation skills and language, raising the possibility that the emergence of JA was a ‘small change that made a big difference’ in the evolution of human cognition. Despite the theoretical importance of JA for understanding human social cognition, we know surprisingly little about JA across species and cultures.  Methodologic",{"id":680,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":681,"piName":10,"institution":460,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":682,"abstract":683},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726225","Aligning pigmentation and repair: a holistic approach for UV protection dynamics","€1,971,875","The human body takes different measures in order to protect itself against the results of UV exposure and its accompanied hazards, such as skin cancer. Despite extensive studies regarding the molecular regulation of the two main UV protection mechanisms, namely, the DNA repair system and the pigmentation system, a comprehensive theory that simultaneously accounts for the two systems is still missing. Hence, the ground-breaking goal of this proposal is to elucidate, for the first time, the dynami",{"id":685,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":686,"piName":10,"institution":687,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":688,"abstract":689},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725685","The polyA machinery: Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of mRNA polyadenylation, deadenylation and RNA recognition","UNITED KINGDOM RESEARCH AND INNOVATION","€2,016,697","Gene expression is tightly regulated to allow rapid responses to cellular stimuli. In eukaryotes, the 3´ polyA tail of mRNAs plays key roles in post-transcriptional control. The Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factor (CPF), Ccr4–Not and Pan2–Pan3 multiprotein complexes add or remove polyA tails to regulate mRNA stability and efficiency of translation. They control expression of genes in the inflammatory response, miRNA-targeted gene silencing and expression of maternal mRNAs in oocyte development. ",{"id":691,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":692,"piName":10,"institution":402,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":693},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724863","Quantitative understanding of target recognition on DNA based on directional zipping processes","In the recent years a number of protein systems have been identified that recognize long (tens of base pairs) DNA sequences and allow flexible programmability of their target specificity. This promoted an enormous range of applications in genome engineering and synthetic biology. This project aims to decipher the mechanisms by which these proteins recognize their DNA targets in order to develop quantitative models\u002Fpredictors for target recognition and to avoid off-target effects.To obtain detail",{"id":695,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":696,"piName":10,"institution":697,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":698,"abstract":699},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726368","Control of amyloid formation via beta-hairpin molecular recognition features","HEINRICH-HEINE-UNIVERSITAET DUESSELDORF","€1,920,697","The aggregation of proteins into amyloid fibrils is involved in various diseases which place a high burden on patients, families, caregivers, and healthcare systems, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and type 2 diabetes. While the therapeutic potential of the inhibition of amyloid formation and spreading has been recognized, there is a lack of effective strategies targeting the early steps of the aggregation reaction.In BETACONTROL, I want to establish a structure-guided approac",{"id":701,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":702,"piName":10,"institution":703,"country":704,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":705},"cordis-european-research-council-award-683258","Mechanism of centriole inheritance and maintenance","FUNDACAO CALOUSTE GULBENKIAN","PT","Centrioles assemble centrosomes and cilia\u002Fflagella, critical structures for cell division, polarity, motility and signalling, which are often deregulated in human disease. Centriole inheritance, in particular the preservation of their copy number and position in the cell is critical in many eukaryotes. I propose to investigate, in an integrative and quantitative way, how centrioles are formed in the right numbers at the right time and place, and how they are maintained to ensure their function a",{"id":707,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":708,"piName":10,"institution":709,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":710,"abstract":711},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725295","The role of chromatin in the long-term adaptation of plants to abiotic stress","UNIVERSITAET POTSDAM","€1,998,525","Abiotic stress is a major threat to global crop yields and this problem is likely to be exacerbated in the future. Therefore, it is very important to engineer crop plants with improved stress tolerance. A large body of research has focussed on the immediate stress responses. However, in nature stress is frequently chronic or recurring, suggesting that temporal dynamics are an important, but under-researched, component of plant stress responses. Indeed, plants can be primed by a stress exposure s",{"id":713,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":714,"piName":10,"institution":715,"country":716,"year":13,"amount":717,"abstract":718},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724560","Radioactivities from Stars to Solar Systems","HUN-REN CSILLAGASZATI ES FOLDTUDOMANYI KUTATOKOZPONT","HU","€1,726,300","RADIOSTAR will exploit radioactive nuclei produced by nuclear reactions inside stars and ejected by stellar winds and supernova explosions to fill the missing pieces of the puzzle of the origin of our Solar System: What were the circumstances of the birth of our Sun? Were they similar to those of the majority of other stars in our Galaxy, or were they special? Radioactive nuclei are the key to answer these questions because meteoritic analysis has proven that many of them were present at the tim",{"id":720,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":721,"piName":10,"institution":100,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":722,"abstract":723},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725970","Characterizing neural mechanisms underlying the efficiency of naturalistic human vision","€1,978,194","Our daily-life visual environments, such as city streets and living rooms, contain a multitude of objects. Out of this overwhelming amount of sensory information, our brains must efficiently select those objects that are relevant for current goals, such as cars when crossing a street. The visual system has developed and evolved to optimally perform tasks like these, as reflected in the remarkable efficiency of naturalistic object detection. Little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying ",{"id":725,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":726,"piName":10,"institution":515,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":727},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726153","Can Limitarianism Be Justified? A Philosophical Analysis of Limits on the Distribution of Economic and Ecological Resources","In contemporary normative political philosophy, questions of distributive justice have focused on meeting minimal needs of persons, prioritizing the worst-off and reducing inequalities. In philosophy, these views are called ‘sufficientarianism’, ‘prioritarianism’ and ‘egalitarianism’. The proposed project —Fair Limits— shifts the focus to ‘limitarianism’, the view that there should be upper limits on the distribution of valuable goods, and will investigate the plausibility of limitarianism in th",{"id":729,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":730,"piName":10,"institution":364,"country":365,"year":13,"amount":731,"abstract":732},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726195","Re-fashioning the Renaissance: Popular Groups, Fashion and the Material and Cultural Significance of Clothing in Europe, 1550-1650","€1,999,854","This study of Renaissance dress offers a better understanding of how fashion developed at popular levels ofsociety in Europe, 1550-1650. Drawing on documentary, visual and material evidence, it investigatesfundamental questions relating to the transformation of fashion that will shed light on popular taste,dissemination, transformation and adaption of fashion, on imitation and meaning, and on changing culturalattitudes to dress among popular groups. The central goal of the project is to develop ",{"id":734,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":735,"piName":10,"institution":515,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":736,"abstract":737},"cordis-european-research-council-award-681959","Microcontact. Language variation and change from the Italian heritage perspective.","€1,996,250","This project aims to add an important block to syntactic theory, by developing new theoretical tools to account for microvariation and change. The central idea is that change and microvariation are necessary parts of grammar, and that they are in fact constrained by Universal Grammar (Chomsky 1957 ff.); in order to understand them we need not focus on the starting point and endpoint of change only, but also on the process itself. Observing change in progress can offer insights into its causes an",{"id":739,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":740,"piName":10,"institution":741,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":742,"abstract":743},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725836","The chemistry and physics of RNP granules: how they form, age and cause disease","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET DRESDEN","€1,931,303","Recent studies suggest that defective ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules and altered RNA processing cause neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). However, defective RNP granules only develop late in life, suggesting that young cells have mechanisms in place to prevent their formation. We recently demonstrated that physiological RNP granules form through phase separation in the cytoplasm and adopt a liquid-like state, but with tim",{"id":745,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":746,"piName":10,"institution":747,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":166,"abstract":748},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724681","Smart Coordination Polymers with Compartmentalized Pockets for Adaptive Guest Entrance","UNIVERSITAT DE VALENCIA","The S-CAGE project aims to develop a new generation of crystalline solids with periodically-organized discrete voids, or compartments, that would benefit from the combination of the high stability and robustness of dense materials with the structural diversity and versatility (and therefore large applicability) of open frameworks. These coordination polymers (CPs) will be capable of interacting with guest species in the absence of large channels or permanent pores due to the presence of dynamic ",{"id":750,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":751,"piName":10,"institution":752,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":753},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726152","From Typhoid Fever to Antimicrobial Mechanisms","THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN","This programme will identify critical host mechanisms that kill bacterial pathogens by exploring a novel mammalian antimicrobial pathway, which I discovered.  This pathway protects non-susceptible hosts from typhoid fever.  Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella Typhi, a unique intracellular pathogen that kills more than 200,000 humans per year.  Yet, Salmonella Typhi does not infect other mammalian species, such as mice.  An understanding of the mechanisms that protect mice from Salmonella Typhi",{"id":755,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":756,"piName":10,"institution":757,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":758,"abstract":759},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725010","Birational Geometry, B-branes and Artin Stacks","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON","€1,358,925","Derived categories of coherent sheaves on a variety are a fundamental tool in algebraic geometry. They also arise in String Theory, as the category of B-branes in a quantum field theory whose target space is the variety. This connection to physics has been extraordinarily fruitful, providing deep insights and conjectures. An Artin stack is a sophisticated generalization of a variety, they encode the idea of equivariant geometry. A simple example is a vector space carrying a linear action of a Li",{"id":761,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":762,"piName":10,"institution":763,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":764},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724517","The role of complement in the induction of autoimmunity against post-translationally modified proteins","ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS LEIDEN","In many prevalent autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) autoantibodies are used as diagnostic and prognostic tools. Several of these autoantibodies target proteins that have been post-translationally modified (PTM). Examples of such modifications are citrullination and carbamylation. The success of B cell-targeted therapies in many auto-antibody positive diseases suggests that B cell mediated auto-immunity is playing a direct pathogenic role",{"id":766,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":767,"piName":10,"institution":572,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":166,"abstract":768},"cordis-european-research-council-award-721176","Enforced ATP wasting as a general design principle to rationally engineer microbial cell factories","One global challenge of humanity in the 21st century is the shift from a petrochemical to a bio-based production of chemicals and fuels. An enabling technology towards this goal is metabolic engineering which uses computational and experimental methods to construct microbial cell factories with desired properties. While it has been shown that genetically engineered microorganisms can, in principle, produce a broad range of chemicals, novel approaches to improve the performance of those strains a",{"id":770,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":771,"piName":10,"institution":772,"country":138,"year":13,"amount":773,"abstract":774},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724508","Resistance evolution in response to spatially variable pathogen communities","UNIVERSITAT ZURICH","€1,999,995","Pathogens are prevalent across all ecosystems. Given the threats imposed by pathogens on their hosts, the ability to resist infection is one key determinant of an individual’s reproductive success and survival. According to theory, resistance evolution is driven by pathogen-imposed selection and constrained by host life-history trade-offs. However, resistance evolution is traditionally studied within the “one host-one pathogen” framework, although it is becoming increasingly clear that a single ",{"id":776,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":777,"piName":10,"institution":659,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":778},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725977","Quantifying Quantum Gravity Violations of Causality and the Equivalence Principle","Quantum gravity must violate at least one of three principles at the foundations of physics: unitarity, causality, or the equivalence principle. Recent theoretical work on black holes has shown that such violations are not limited to extremely short distances, where quantum gravity effects are expected, but also occur at distances much larger than the Planck scale. This work has revealed a huge gap in our understanding: we have no working criterion for when quantum gravity violations of the usua",{"id":780,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":781,"piName":10,"institution":782,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":783},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724424","Boosting Photovoltaic Performance by the Synergistic Interaction of Halide Perovskites and Semiconductor Quantum Dots","UNIVERSITAT JAUME I DE CASTELLON","Photovoltaic conversion has the extraordinary property of transforming the solar energy directly into electric power. However, the available electrical power is known to be severely limited by the so-called Shockley-Queisser (SQ) photoconversion limit. The maximum efficiency for a single absorber is limited as photons with energy lower than the bandgap (BG) cannot be absorbed, and just an energy equivalent to the BG can be used for photons with higher energy than the BG, due to thermalization. T",{"id":785,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":786,"piName":10,"institution":59,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":787,"abstract":788},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725327","Beyond Precision Cosmology:  dealing with Systematic Errors","€1,835,220","Over the past 20 years cosmology has made the transition to a precision science: the standard cosmological model has been established and its parameters are now measured with unprecedented precision. But precision is not enough: accuracy is also crucial. Accuracy accounts for systematic errors which can be both on the observational and on the theory\u002Fmodelling side (and everywhere in between). While there is a well-defined and developed framework for treating statistical errors, there is no estab",{"id":790,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":791,"piName":10,"institution":792,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":793,"abstract":794},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724530","Holographic super-resolution micro-endoscopy for in-vivo applications","LEIBNIZ-INSTITUT FUER PHOTONISCHE TECHNOLOGIEN E.V.","€1,997,973","Complexity of living matter currently poses the most significant barrier to modern in-vivo microscopy. Fuelled by various branches of life sciences, the race is now to increase the penetration depth of super-resolution imaging inside living organisms. Additionally, no high-resolution in-vivo imaging technique has ever been introduced into medical, particularly surgical practice.  This proposal sets out to develop new, ultra-thin endoscopic devices exceeding by orders of magnitude the performance",{"id":796,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":797,"piName":10,"institution":798,"country":138,"year":13,"amount":799,"abstract":800},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725269","Towards a decentred history of the Middle East: Transborder spaces, circulations, frontier effects and state formation, 1920-1946","UNIVERSITE DE NEUCHATEL","€1,997,675","While the crisis of the territorial nation-state in the Middle East has once again been brought to a head by the wars in Iraq and Syria, it cannot be simply understood as the logical consequence of an imported political construction. Based on two epistemological notions – borderlands as histoire-problème (history-as-problem) and the co-production of borders between state and society – this research project proposes to rethink the classical historical narrative about the emergence of the post-Ott",{"id":802,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":803,"piName":10,"institution":804,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":805,"abstract":806},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725978","Systematic mapping of the complexity landscape of hard algorithmic graph problems","CISPA - HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM FUR INFORMATIONSSICHERHEIT GGMBH","€1,532,000","Graph-theoretical models are natural tools for the description of road networks, circuits, communication networks, and abstract relations between objects, hence algorithmic graph problems appear in a wide range of computer science applications. As most of these problems are computationally hard in their full generality, research in graph algorithms, approximability, and parameterized complexity usually aims at identifying restricted variants and special cases, which are at the same time sufficie",{"id":808,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":809,"piName":10,"institution":810,"country":138,"year":13,"amount":811,"abstract":812},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725850","All-optical deconstruction of thalamic control of sleep-wake states.","UNIVERSITAET BERN","€1,915,000","While the functions of sleep are still a matter of debate and may include memory consolidation, brain clearance, anabolism and plasticity, the neural substrates of sleep and wake states are the subject of intense study. Successive sleep-wake cycles rely on an appropriate balance between sleep-promoting nuclei of the brain located in the anterior hypothalamus and, arousal-promoting nuclei from the posterior hypothalamus and the brainstem. My laboratory identified different subsets of hypothalamic",{"id":814,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":815,"piName":10,"institution":816,"country":548,"year":13,"amount":817,"abstract":818},"cordis-european-research-council-award-681895","Fundamental and Applied Science on Molecular Redox-Catalysts of Energy Relevance in Metal-Organic Frameworks","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","€1,968,750","Organometallic redox-catalysts of energy relevance, i.e. water and hydrogen oxidation, and proton and carbon dioxide reduction catalysts, will be incorporated into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Immobilization and spatial organization of the molecular catalysts will stabilize their molecular integrity and ensure longevity and recyclability of the resulting MOFcats. The organized environment provided by the MOF will enable the control of conformational flexibility, diffusion, charge transport, ",{"id":820,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":821,"piName":10,"institution":822,"country":348,"year":13,"amount":823,"abstract":824},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726251","Seeing things you don't see: Unifying the philosophy, psychology and neuroscience of multimodal mental imagery","UNIVERSITEIT ANTWERPEN","€1,966,530","When I am looking at my coffee machine that makes funny noises, this is an instance of multisensory perception – I perceive this event by means of both vision and audition. But very often we only receive sensory stimulation from a multisensory event by means of one sense modality. If I hear the noisy coffee machine in the next room (without seeing it), then how do I represent the visual aspects of this multisensory event? The aim of this research project is to bring together empirical findings a",{"id":826,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":827,"piName":10,"institution":828,"country":704,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":829},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726061","Cells-self Extracellular Matrices-based Bioinks to create accurate 3D diseased skin tissue models","UNIVERSIDADE DO MINHO","It has been recognized that growing cells within 3D structures reduces the gap between 2D in vitro cell cultures and native tissue physiology. This has been paving the way for the development of reliable 3D in vitro cell-based platforms with major impact in the reduction\u002Felimination of animal experimentation, diseases modelling and drug development. So far, the many strategies that have been followed to bioengineer in vitro 3D human tissue models mostly rely on the random culture of cells within",{"id":831,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":832,"piName":10,"institution":437,"country":365,"year":13,"amount":833,"abstract":834},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724391","Unravelling The Structure and Evolution of Solar Magnetic Flux Ropes and Their Magnetosheaths","€1,934,876","Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are spectacular stellar eruptions that carry huge amounts of plasma and magnetic flux into the space. The interests in their origin, structure, and dynamics reach from fundamental plasma physics to paramount impact on their parent stars and the surrounding planets. One of the most outstanding problems in the studies of CMEs is the lack of reliable information on their magnetic field properties until observed directly. This severely limits our understanding of many a",{"id":836,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":837,"piName":10,"institution":838,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":839,"abstract":840},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724715","Resolving the molecular mechanisms of intracellular coral-algal symbiosis","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€2,272,485","Many cells stably integrate microbes to gain ecological advantages for the organism. A remarkable example is the symbiosis between corals and algae, whose provision of photosynthetically fixed nutrients enables coral survival in nutrient-poor habitats. To establish symbiosis, coral cells acquire symbionts via phagocytosis, a process often used for pathogen clearance in other animals. Symbionts reside in phagosomes, and the prevailing view is that, similar to some pathogens, symbionts avoid destr",{"id":842,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":843,"piName":10,"institution":844,"country":305,"year":13,"amount":845,"abstract":846},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724460","Discretion and the child´s best interests in child protection","UNIVERSITETET I BERGEN","€1,997,918","DISCRETION aims to unlock the black box of discretionary decision-making in child protection cases by a comparative-empirical study of how discretionary decisions are made and justified in the best interests of the child. There are huge research gaps in this important area of the welfare state, with a great deal of uncertainty concerning how, when and why discretionary decisions about the child´s best interests are different between decision-makers within and between child protection systems.The",{"id":848,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":849,"piName":10,"institution":437,"country":365,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":850},"cordis-european-research-council-award-683099","Why does Clostridium botulinum kill? – In search for botulinum neurotoxin regulators","Bacterial toxins cause devastating diseases in humans and animals, ranging from necrotic enteritis to gas gangrene and tetraplegia. While toxin synthesis probably endows these bacteria with a selective advantage in their natural habitats, toxigenesis is likely to represent a fitness cost. It is thus plausible that mild environments encourage bacteria to give up toxin production, or reduce the number of toxigenic cells in populations. The cellular strategies bacteria use to silence toxin producti",{"id":852,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":853,"piName":10,"institution":854,"country":704,"year":13,"amount":855,"abstract":856},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725402","The politics of anti-racism in Europe and Latin America: knowledge production, decision-making and collective struggles","CENTRO DE ESTUDOS SOCIAIS","€1,915,381","The main objective of POLITICS is to innovate knowledge on anti-racism that brings about a greater understanding of how historically rooted injustices are being challenged by institutions and grassroots movements. Considering the centrality and mutual influence of Europe and Latin America in the global processes of racial formation, POLITICS will develop an inter-disciplinary and comprehensive approach towards two core goals: (a) the analysis of processes of knowledge production about ‘race’ and",{"id":858,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":859,"piName":10,"institution":554,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":860,"abstract":861},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726470","ConfocAl Microscopy and real-time Rheology of dynamIc hyroGels","€2,038,120","Hydrogels cross-linked through supramolecular interactions are highly dependant on the dynamic charac- teristics of the physical cross-links. Few fundamental studies have been undertaken to quantitatively de- scribe structure-property relationships for these types of systems. Hydrogels formed from CB[8]-mediated supramolecular physical cross-linking mechanisms have gained significant interest on account of their excel- lent physical and mechanical properties such as self-healing and shear-thinni",{"id":863,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":864,"piName":10,"institution":865,"country":671,"year":13,"amount":866,"abstract":867},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725746","Quantitative analysis of DNA methylation maintenance within chromatin","INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUSTRIA","€2,749,962","Cytosine methylation is a chemical modification that is precisely copied when DNA is replicated. Because methylation can regulate gene expression, accurate reproduction of DNA methylation patterns is essential for plant and animal development and for human health. The enzymes that maintain DNA methylation have to work within chromatin, and particularly to contend with nucleosomes – tight complexes of DNA and histone proteins. How methylation of nucleosomal DNA is maintained remains unknown, and ",{"id":869,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":870,"piName":10,"institution":871,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":872},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725229","Extracellular Vesicle-Inspired CArdiac Repair","UNIVERSITAIR MEDISCH CENTRUM UTRECHT","More than 3.5 million people are newly diagnosed with heart failure every year in Europe with a long-term prognosis of 50% mortality within 4 years. There is a major need for more innovative, regenerative therapies that have the potential to change the course of disease. My hypothesis is that we can recondition heart failure by stimulating cardiac repair with extracellular vesicles that are derived from progenitor cells. In my laboratory, extracellular released vesicles containing a cocktail of ",{"id":874,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":875,"piName":10,"institution":876,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":877,"abstract":878},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724908","Habitability of Oceans and Aqueous Systems on Icy Satellites","FREIE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN","€1,995,250","Icy moons in the outer solar system are prime candidates for harbouring alien life within their sub-surface oceans. Among them Enceladus and Europa are considered to have the largest astrobiological potential. Habitat-OASIS aims to explore the habitability of the ocean worlds of Enceladus, Europa, and other icy satellites using in situ mass spectrometry from on-going and future space missions. At Enceladus (and probably Europa) the ice grains expelled by active plumes carry matter previously dis",{"id":880,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":881,"piName":10,"institution":882,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":883,"abstract":884},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724416","Gauging Ocean organic Carbon fluxes using Autonomous Robotic Technologies","NATIONAL OCEANOGRAPHY CENTRE","€1,999,110","Climate change driven by CO2 emissions from human activities is a significant challenge facing mankind. An important component of Earth’s carbon (C) cycle is the ocean’s biological C pump; without it atmospheric CO2 would be ~50% higher than it is now. The pump consists of sinking organic matter which is remineralised back into CO2 in the deep ocean. The depth at which remineralisation occurs is the main factor affecting the amount of organic C stored in the ocean. Currently we do not understand",{"id":886,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":887,"piName":10,"institution":888,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":889,"abstract":890},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726151","Design and Engineering Next-Generation Nanopore Devices for Bioplymer Analysis","RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN","€1,999,970","Nanopores have emerged in the past few years as a promising analytical technique. The basic concept of nanopore sensing is to apply a potential across individual nanoscale pores and observe the disruption of the ionic flow caused by single molecules entering the pore. Ionic currents through protein pores have been successful at recognizing tiny differences in molecules in solution. Most notably, arrays of thousands of nanopores integrated in low-cost and portable devices are now capable of seque",{"id":892,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":893,"piName":10,"institution":137,"country":138,"year":13,"amount":894,"abstract":895},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726227","Cross-Layer Design of Securing Positioning","€1,952,274","With the development of new location-based services and the expected deployment of cyber-physical systems (e.g., autonomous cars and drones) the reliance on location and time information in critical applications will only increase. Today's positioning systems are vulnerable to location spoofing by which devices can cheat on their own positions or can manipulate the measured positions of other devices. This problem cannot be fixed by a simple upgrade - existing positioning systems rely on legacy ",{"id":897,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":898,"piName":10,"institution":336,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":899,"abstract":900},"cordis-european-research-council-award-723718","A regional history of medicine in the modern Middle East, 1830-1960","€1,867,181","The purpose of this project is to write a long-term regional history of medicine in the Middle East and North Africa from a transnational and multi-layered perspective. A regional approach will enable tracing both global influences and local specificities, while a long-term perspective (1830-1960) will allow tracing continuity and change from the late Ottoman Middle East through the colonial to the post-colonial periods. Combining archival and published sources in Arabic, French, English, Hebrew",{"id":902,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":903,"piName":10,"institution":904,"country":548,"year":13,"amount":905,"abstract":906},"cordis-european-research-council-award-681742","Novel Approach to Systematically Characterize Exercise- and Nutrient- responsive genes in Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease","LUNDS UNIVERSITET","€1,875,000","Proposal summaryType 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease are devastating and costly morbidities whose prevalences are increasing rapidly around the world. As such, there is an urgent need to develop innovative and effective prevention and treatment strategies. As numerous clinical trials have shown, lifestyle modification is by far the best way to prevent these diseases, with lifestyle being twice as effective as the best drugs, less costly and free from side effects. Yet, human biology is com",{"id":908,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":909,"piName":10,"institution":910,"country":548,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":911},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725642","Ultrafast Molecular Structural Dynamics","GOETEBORGS UNIVERSITET","Chemical reactions in solution are strongly influenced by femtosecond solvent-solute dynamics. Likewise, proteins provide specific environments to control the outcome of substrate reactions. The molecular understanding of these effect are currently poorly developed. I propose to fill this knowledge gap by ‘filming’ elementary chemical reactions in solution and in proteins. I will pioneer new time-resolved scattering and diffraction experiments using X-ray Free Electron Lasers (XFELs).Using femto",{"id":913,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":914,"piName":10,"institution":915,"country":348,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":916},"cordis-european-research-council-award-681510","The Mamlukisation of the Mamluk Sultanate II: historiography, political order and state formation in fifteenth-century Egypt and Syria","UNIVERSITEIT GENT","MMS-II pursues the hypothesis that the Mamluk sultanate was a cultural product constructed in the interaction between state formation and historiography. MMS-II follows up from the ERC-project MMS' focus on the social production of power networks in the Syro-Egyptian sultanate between the 1410s and 1460s, but it does so by directing the themes of political history and Arabic historiography towards entirely new, unexplored horizons. Current understanding of the late medieval Middle East continues",{"id":918,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":919,"piName":10,"institution":920,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":921,"abstract":922},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725081","Illicit Markets, Unobserved Competitors, and Illegal Behavior","UNIVERSITAET MANNHEIM","€1,212,934","Many markets are characterized by illicit or illegal behavior by agents. To the extent that the empirical economic framework does not incorporate these unobserved actions or control for them in estimation, the resulting models are likely to be mis-specified. Naturally, if the models do not contain all elements relevant for decision making, then predictions based on the estimates will be misleading, which could result in incorrect policy recommendations. This project directly addresses three situ",{"id":924,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":925,"piName":10,"institution":926,"country":138,"year":13,"amount":927,"abstract":928},"cordis-european-research-council-award-681213","RNAi-mediated Epigenetic Gene Regulation","FRIEDRICH MIESCHER INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH FONDATION","€1,998,557","RNAi refers to the ability of small RNAs to silence expression of homologous sequences. A surprising link between epigenetics and RNAi was discovered more than a decade ago, and I was fortunate enough to be involved in this exciting field of research from the beginning. It is now well established that endogenous small RNAs have a direct impact on the genome in various organisms. Yet, the initiation of chromatin modifications in trans by exogenously introduced small RNAs has been inherently diffi",{"id":930,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":931,"piName":10,"institution":932,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":933,"abstract":934},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725731","FOG-aided wireless networks for communication, cacHing and cOmputing: theoRetical and algorithmic fouNdations","KING'S COLLEGE LONDON","€2,318,719","The FOGHORN project aims at developing the theoretical and algorithmic foundations of fog-aided wireless networks. This is an emerging class of wireless systems that leverages the synergy and complementarity of cloudification and edge processing, two key technologies in the evolution towards 5G systems and beyond. Fog-aided wireless networks can reap the bene fits of centralization via cloud processing, in terms of capital and operating cost reductions, greening, andenhanced spectral e fficiency",{"id":936,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":937,"piName":10,"institution":938,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":939,"abstract":940},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724320","Towards the ultimate dark matter detector","ALBERT-LUDWIGS-UNIVERSITAET FREIBURG","€1,982,938","Dark matter is a major component of the Universe, outnumbering ordinary baryonic matter by a factor 5. As it has not yet been observed, its detection and subsequent characterization is one of the most important goals in particle physics. ULTIMATE will be the first project world-wide that focuses entirely on cutting-edge research towards the ultimate detector. Using a low-background time projection chamber (TPC) filled with ~40t of liquid xenon (LXe), this instrument will search forGalactic dark ",{"id":942,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":943,"piName":10,"institution":944,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":945,"abstract":946},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725091","Functional characterisation of mitochondrial metabolic adaptations to innate sensing in dendritic cell subsets","CENTRO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES CARDIOVASCULARES CARLOS III (F.S.P.)","€1,995,000","Immunometabolism is an emerging research field that promises to generate novel targets for manipulation of functional responses in immune cells. Pioneering studies are beginning to unveil how innate sensing leads to metabolic reprogramming of immune cells. We became interested in the possible metabolic consequences of innate sensing by myeloid cells because of our previous work showing how mouse and human dendritic cell (DC) subsets detect danger signals from microbes and damaged tissues. Our cu",{"id":948,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":949,"piName":10,"institution":950,"country":311,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":951},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725725","Dissecting to hit the therapeutic targets in nucleophosmin (NPM1)-mutated acute myeloid leukemia","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PERUGIA","Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a group of hematologic malignancies which, due to their molecular and clinical heterogeneity, have been traditionally difficult to classify and treat. Recently, next-generation, whole-genome sequencing has uncovered several recurrent somatic mutations that better define the landscape of AML genomics. Despite these advances in deciphering AML molecular subsets, there have been no concurrent improvements in AML therapy which still relies on the ‘antracycline+cytarab",{"id":953,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":954,"piName":10,"institution":515,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":955},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724951","The Senses of Islam: A Cultural History of Perception in the Muslim World","The aim of SENSIS is to write a cultural history of the senses in Islam, by examining how the senses have been conceptualised, and calibrated, in a variety of Muslim environments. Sensory perception is not only a physical but also a cultural act: how people experience and understand sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch differs according to the historical, geographical, social and intellectual contexts in which perception occurs. Accordingly, this project comprehensively studies the Muslim senso",{"id":957,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":958,"piName":10,"institution":959,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":960},"cordis-european-research-council-award-726104","Environmental Spaces and the Feel-Good Factor: Relating Subjective Wellbeing to Biodiversity","UNIVERSITY OF KENT","We live in a time of profound environmental change. Phenomena such as urbanisation and agricultural intensification have led to ecosystem degradation and species extinctions, and thus a reduction in biodiversity. Yet, while it is now widely asserted in the research, policy and practice arenas that interacting with nature is fundamental to human wellbeing, there is a paucity of evidence characterising how biodiversity, the living component of nature, plays a role in this accepted truth. With RELA",{"id":962,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":963,"piName":10,"institution":572,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":964,"abstract":965},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724362","Solving The Pathway of LADDERane biosynthesis","€1,753,125","Ladderanes are highly unusual hydrocarbon moieties with linearly concatenated cyclobutane rings. They are found in the membranes of bacteria performing anaerobic ammonium oxidation (“anammox”). How these complicated molecules are produced is expected to involve both novel enzymes and specially evolved versions of known proteins, but the details remain enigmatic. How do these enzymes assemble such intricate carbon skeletons?  How do they control the complex stereochemistry involved? How do they d",{"id":967,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":968,"piName":10,"institution":969,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":970,"abstract":971},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725848","Assisting Coral Reef Survival in the Face of Climate Change","UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE","€2,023,119","CORALASSIST spans the disciplines of evolutionary biology, restoration ecology and proteomics and examines the role assisted gene flow (AGF) can play in sustaining biodiversity and ecosystem services in the face of climate change. AGF involves the deliberate movement of individuals or gametes within their natural range to facilitate adaptation to environmental change. Corals reefs provide an excellent model for testing AGF as a conservation tool because reef building corals are foundation specie",{"id":973,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":974,"piName":10,"institution":975,"country":60,"year":13,"amount":976,"abstract":977},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724464","Type and Proof Structures for Concurrent Software Verification","FUNDACION IMDEA SOFTWARE","€1,999,895","Verification of concurrent software is a notoriously difficult subject, whose complexities stem from the inability of the existing verification methods to modularize, and thus divide-and-conquer, the verification problem.Dependent types are a formal method well-known for its ability to modularize and scale complex mathematical proofs. But, when it comes to programming, dependent types are considered limited to the purely functional and terminating programming model.The grand challenge of this pr",{"id":979,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":980,"piName":10,"institution":981,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":982,"abstract":983},"cordis-european-research-council-award-682982","Mobility trajectories of young lives: Life chances of transnational youths in Global South and North","UNIVERSITEIT MAASTRICHT","€1,937,500","The objective of MO-TRAYL is to develop a better understanding of the relationship between migration and young people’s life-chances by studying youth’s mobility trajectories. How the life chances of youths, defined as their educational performance, psychological well-being and transitions into adulthood, are impacted by migration are of relevance for European cities that are faced with a growing youth population with migrant background. At the same time, cities in the Global South, where many m",{"id":985,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":986,"piName":10,"institution":420,"country":348,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":987},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724326","Back-reaction Of Solar plaSma to WAVES","The solar coronal heating problem is a long-standing astrophysical problem. The slow DC (reconnection) heating models are well developed in detailed 3D numerical simulations. The fast AC (wave) heating mechanisms have traditionally been neglected since there were no wave observations.Since 2007, we know that the solar atmosphere is filled with transverse waves, but still we have no adequate models (except for my own 1D analytical models) for their dissipation and plasma heating by these waves. W",{"id":989,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":990,"piName":10,"institution":347,"country":348,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":991},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724725","Security Without Obscurity for Reliable Devices","Cryptographic implementations are traditionally evaluated based on a trade-off between security and efficiency. However, when it comes to physical security against attacks exploiting side-channel leakages or fault insertions, this approach is limited by the difficulty to define the adversaries (e.g. their knowledge about the target implementation) and to specify sound physical assumptions. Quite naturally, the problem becomes even more challenging in contexts where implementations can be malicio",{"id":993,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":994,"piName":10,"institution":995,"country":671,"year":13,"amount":996,"abstract":997},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725042","Sound and Early Assessment of Leakage for Embedded Software","UNIVERSITAET KLAGENFURT","€1,946,995","Side channel attacks use, alongside information such as plaintexts or ciphertexts, leakage about the (secret) key-dependent intermediate state(s), and deliver a `key ranking' as a result. Kocher's attacks [15] [16] showed that for many practical implementations, observing a few encryptions made complete key recovery possible in practice.  The academic research into combating these attacks so far has largely focused on approaches and tools to equip specialised cryptographic engineers with access ",{"id":999,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1000,"piName":10,"institution":1001,"country":454,"year":13,"amount":1002,"abstract":1003},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725706","Algorithmic Finance: Inquiring into the Reshaping of Financial Markets","COPENHAGEN BUSINESS SCHOOL","€1,590,036","Present-day financial markets are turning algorithmic, as market orders are increasingly being executed by fully automated computer algorithms, without any direct human intervention. Although algorithmic finance seems to fundamentally reshape the central dynamics in financial markets, and even though it prompts core sociological questions, it has not yet received any systematic attention. In a pioneering contribution to economic sociology and social studies of finance, ALGOFINANCE aims to unders",{"id":1005,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1006,"piName":10,"institution":1007,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1008},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724286","Regulation of Cellular Growth and Metabolism by C18:0","DEUTSCHES KREBSFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM HEIDELBERG","My lab studies how cells regulate their growth and metabolism during normal development and in disease. Recent work in my lab, published last year in Nature, identified the metabolite stearic acid (C18:0) as a novel regulator of mitochondrial function. We showed that dietary C18:0 acts via a novel signaling route whereby it covalently modifies the cell-surface Transferrin Receptor (TfR1) to regulate mitochondrial morphology. We found that modification of TfR1 by C18:0 ('stearoylation') is analog",{"id":1010,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1011,"piName":10,"institution":1012,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":1013,"abstract":1014},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725693","Dendritic encoding of movement in space","LEIBNIZ-INSTITUT FUER NEUROBIOLOGIE","€1,806,068","Understanding the neuronal basis of behaviour is a central quest for neuroscience. Neurons are the fundamental units of computation in the brain. Thus, any attempt at unravelling the relationship of neural networks activity and behaviour must be based on an understanding of the transformation of inputs to outputs in single neurons. One of the greatest challenges that our field faces is to make sense of inputs. Without knowing how different synaptic inputs are engaged during behaviour, it is impo",{"id":1016,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1017,"piName":10,"institution":1018,"country":311,"year":13,"amount":1019,"abstract":1020},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725038","Functional Biology of Hepatic CD8+ T cells","OSPEDALE SAN RAFFAELE SRL","€2,390,000","CD8+ T cells have a key role in eliminating intracellular pathogens and tumors that affect the liver. The protective capacity of these cells relies on their ability to migrate to and traffic within the liver, recognize pathogen- or tumor-derived antigens, get activated and deploy effector functions. While some of the rules that characterize CD8+ T cell behavior in the infected and cancerous liver have been characterized at the population level, we have only limited knowledge of the precise dynam",{"id":1022,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1023,"piName":10,"institution":904,"country":548,"year":13,"amount":1024,"abstract":1025},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725840","Pancreatic islet dysfunction and type 2 diabetes – beyond the genome","€1,969,445","The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is rapidly increasing worldwide and despite great efforts to prevent and cure the disease, the increase persist. There is an urgent need to develop innovative and effective prevention and treatment strategies for T2D. Recent genome-wide association studies were expected to uncover disease-causing mechanisms in common metabolic disorders. Surprisingly, the identified genetic variants only explain a small proportion of the estimated heritability of T2D. Nove",{"id":1027,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1028,"piName":10,"institution":772,"country":138,"year":13,"amount":1029,"abstract":1030},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724295","Neuromorphic Electronic Agents: from sensory processing to autonomous cognitive behavior","€1,999,090","Neural networks and deep learning algorithms are currently achieving impressive state-of-the-art results. In parallel computational neuroscience has made tremendous progress with both theories of neural computation and with hardware implementations of dedicated brain-inspired  computing platforms.However, despite this remarkable progress, today’s artificial systems are still not able to compete with biological ones in tasks that involve processing of sensory data acquired in real-time, in comple",{"id":1032,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1033,"piName":10,"institution":1034,"country":311,"year":13,"amount":1035,"abstract":1036},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724734","MIcrobiota-Gut-BraiN EngineeRed platform to eVAluate intestinal microflora impact on brain functionality","POLITECNICO DI MILANO","€1,999,194","What is the relation between the intestinal microflora and the brain in the development of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease? A functional relation between the intestinal microflora (microbiota) and the brain, referred to as the “microbiota-gut-brain axis”, was hypothesized more than 100 years ago but only recently has been re-evaluated becoming a new, exciting hypothesis in neuroscience. We have the proof that aging, bad alimentary habits, poor food quality an",{"id":1038,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1039,"piName":10,"institution":915,"country":348,"year":13,"amount":1040,"abstract":1041},"cordis-european-research-council-award-683144","Mechanisms and regulation of inflammasome-associated programmed cell death","€1,997,915","Programmed cell death is essential for homeostasis, and its deregulation contributes to human disease. Inflammasome-induced pyroptosis of infected macrophages contributes to host defense against infections, but the concomitant release of inflammatory danger signals and leaderless cytokines is detrimental in chronic inflammatory diseases. The central hypothesis of the PyroPop ERC Consolidator project is that inflammasomes are cytosolic platforms that couple pathogen sensing to multiple programmed",{"id":1043,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1044,"piName":10,"institution":599,"country":337,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1045},"cordis-european-research-council-award-724471","Single cell genomic analysis and perturbations of hematopoietic progenitors: Towards a refined model of hematopoiesis","Hematopoiesis is an important model for stem cell differentiation with great medical significance.Heterogeneity within hematopoietic progenitor populations has considerably limited characterization andmolecular understanding of lineage commitment in both health and disease. Advances in single-cell genomictechnologies provide an extraordinary opportunity for unbiased and high resolution mapping of biologicalfunction and regulation. Recently we have developed an experimental and analytical method,",{"id":1047,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1048,"piName":10,"institution":1049,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":1050,"abstract":1051},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725366","Quantum Particles on Programmable Complex Reconfigurable Networks","UNIVERSITAET PADERBORN","€1,963,750","Understanding the complex interactions and dynamics of multiple quantum particles within large networks is an extremely challenging task, but doing so reveals the underlying structure of an enormously diverse range of phenomena. Therefore, a reliable platform to investigate complex quantum network dynamics, which incorporates the rich interplay between noise, coherence and nonclassical correlations, will be an extremely powerful tool.  Classical optical networks have been widely used to simulate",{"id":1053,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1054,"piName":10,"institution":515,"country":101,"year":13,"amount":1055,"abstract":1056},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725509","Spin Transport Beyond Electrons","€1,617,500","Spintronics is motivated by the quest for the next-generation beyond-Moore electronics. The conventional approach that is based on single-electron spin currents does, however, not solve the thermodynamic bottleneck that is caused by the dissipation associated with moving electrons. A revolutionary new approach to electronics is based on information processing and transfer by means of magnons, i.e., quanta of the collective spin-wave excitations in magnets, so that the electrons do not move at al",{"id":1058,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1059,"piName":10,"institution":1060,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":1061,"abstract":1062},"cordis-european-research-council-award-723863","Programmable Readers, Writers, and Erasers of the Epigenetic Cytosine Code","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT DORTMUND","€1,979,679","Human DNA contains two types of biologically instructive information: the canonical nucleobases A, G, T, C, and the epigenetic nucleobases mC, hmC, fC, and caC. Canonical nucleobases encode the identity of all RNAs and proteins that are synthesized by a cell, whereas epigenetic nucleobases regulate this synthesis. This regulation shapes the phenotype of cells, and its perturbation is a key trigger of cancer.Canonical nucleobases can be decoded in a programmable manner by nucleic acids and their ",{"id":1064,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1065,"piName":10,"institution":1066,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1067,"abstract":1068},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725094","Fluorescent-based innovative measure in thin liquid films: A way to understand stability and energy dissipation in foams and emulsions","UNIVERSITE DE RENNES","€1,415,506","Nobody knows why a soap bubble collapses. When the liquid film forming the bubble, stabilised by surfactants, becomes too thin, it collapses. This seemingly simple problem, ruled by the classical laws of fluid mechanics and of statistical physics, is still a challenge for the physicist. The rupture criteria based on a stability analysis in the vicinity of the film equilibrium state fail to reproduce the observations. However the film ruptures in a foam obey some simple phenomenological laws, whi",{"id":1070,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1071,"piName":10,"institution":838,"country":44,"year":13,"amount":1072,"abstract":1073},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725539","Small animal proton Irradiator for Research in Molecular Image-guided radiation-Oncology","€1,525,925","Precision small animal radiotherapy (RT) research is a young emerging field aiming at unravelling complex in-vivo mechanisms of radiation damage in target and non-target tissues, for translation into improved clinical treatment strategies.For commonly used X-rays, commercial small animal radiation research platforms were recently developed to provide precision imaged-guided RT comparable to state-of-the-art human treatment. Conversely, such platforms are not yet existing for proton beams, which ",{"id":1075,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1076,"piName":10,"institution":1077,"country":1078,"year":13,"amount":1079,"abstract":1080},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725741","A novel Quark-Gluon Plasma tomography tool: from jet quenching to exploring the extreme medium properties","INSTITUT ZA FIZIKU","RS","€1,356,000","Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) is a primordial state of matter, which consists of interacting free quarks and gluons. QGP likely existed immediately after the Big-Bang, and this extreme form of matter is today created in Little Bangs, which are ultra-relativistic collisions of heavy nuclei at the LHC and RHIC experiments. Based on the deconfinement ideas, a gas-like behaviour of QGP was anticipated. Unexpectedly, predictions of relativistic hydrodynamics - applicable to low momentum hadron data - indi",{"id":1082,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1083,"piName":10,"institution":396,"country":78,"year":13,"amount":455,"abstract":1084},"cordis-european-research-council-award-682939","Spatial organization of DNA repair within the nucleus","Faithful repair of double stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) is essential, as they are at the origin of genome instability, chromosomal translocations and cancer. Cells repair DSBs through different pathways, which can be faithful or mutagenic, and the balance between them at a given locus must be tightly regulated to preserve genome integrity. Although, much is known about DSB repair factors, how the choice between pathways is controlled within the nuclear environment is not understood. We have shown t",{"id":1086,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1087,"piName":10,"institution":437,"country":365,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":1088},"cordis-european-research-council-award-725249","Individualizing statin therapy by using a systems pharmacology decision support algorithm","Background: Statins are essential drugs in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia and are among the most prescribed drugs worldwide. The response to statin therapy varies widely between individuals. While most patients show good efficacy, a significant proportion of individuals show poor or even a lack of cholesterol-lowering efficacy. Moreover, a number of patients experience adverse drug reactions. These together with the lack of immediate effect on well-being likely explain the relatively poo",200,{"programme":8,"total":1091,"withPiName":1092,"firstYear":1093,"lastYear":1094,"countryCount":1095,"perYear":1096,"topInstitutions":1136,"topCountries":1205},4499,349,2014,2027,45,[1097,1099,1102,1105,1107,1110,1113,1116,1119,1122,1125,1128,1131,1134],{"year":1093,"count":1098},303,{"year":1100,"count":1101},2015,335,{"year":1103,"count":1104},2016,322,{"year":13,"count":1106},327,{"year":1108,"count":1109},2018,403,{"year":1111,"count":1112},2019,300,{"year":1114,"count":1115},2020,277,{"year":1117,"count":1118},2021,321,{"year":1120,"count":1121},2022,364,{"year":1123,"count":1124},2023,359,{"year":1126,"count":1127},2024,366,{"year":1129,"count":1130},2025,375,{"year":1132,"count":1133},2026,416,{"year":1094,"count":1135},31,[1137,1140,1143,1146,1149,1152,1155,1157,1159,1162,1164,1167,1170,1172,1174,1177,1180,1183,1186,1189,1191,1194,1197,1200,1203],{"name":1138,"count":1139},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",229,{"name":1141,"count":1142},"University of Oxford",89,{"name":1144,"count":1145},"Weizmann Institute of Science",78,{"name":1147,"count":1148},"University of Cambridge",77,{"name":1150,"count":1151},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",63,{"name":1153,"count":1154},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",55,{"name":1156,"count":1154},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",{"name":1158,"count":1154},"Kobenhavns Universitet",{"name":1160,"count":1161},"Universiteit Utrecht",51,{"name":1163,"count":1161},"University College London",{"name":1165,"count":1166},"Tel Aviv University",49,{"name":1168,"count":1169},"The Hebrew University of Jerusalem",43,{"name":1171,"count":1169},"Universiteit Gent",{"name":1173,"count":1169},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",{"name":1175,"count":1176},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",42,{"name":1178,"count":1179},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",41,{"name":1181,"count":1182},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",40,{"name":1184,"count":1185},"Universitat Wien",39,{"name":1187,"count":1188},"Helsingin Yliopisto",38,{"name":1190,"count":1188},"Technische Universiteit Delft",{"name":1192,"count":1193},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",37,{"name":1195,"count":1196},"Universitetet I Oslo",36,{"name":1198,"count":1199},"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne",34,{"name":1201,"count":1202},"The University of Edinburgh",32,{"name":1204,"count":1135},"Lunds Universitet",[1206,1208,1210,1212,1214,1216,1218,1220,1221,1223,1225,1227,1229,1231,1233,1235,1237,1240,1241,1243,1246,1249,1252,1255,1258],{"name":44,"count":1207},810,{"name":78,"count":1209},559,{"name":12,"count":1211},490,{"name":101,"count":1213},428,{"name":60,"count":1215},315,{"name":311,"count":1217},267,{"name":337,"count":1219},219,{"name":138,"count":1089},{"name":548,"count":1222},170,{"name":348,"count":1224},166,{"name":671,"count":1226},146,{"name":454,"count":1228},127,{"name":365,"count":1230},94,{"name":305,"count":1232},85,{"name":487,"count":1234},82,{"name":704,"count":1236},68,{"name":1238,"count":1239},"GB",47,{"name":567,"count":1196},{"name":716,"count":1242},24,{"name":1244,"count":1245},"EL",22,{"name":1247,"count":1248},"US",21,{"name":1250,"count":1251},"PL",20,{"name":1253,"count":1254},"TR",14,{"name":1256,"count":1257},"LU",13,{"name":1259,"count":1260},"EE",8]