[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-starting-grant-2008":3,"awarded-stats-erc-starting-grant":1086},{"awarded":4,"total":1085},[5,15,22,29,36,41,46,51,58,63,70,76,81,88,93,98,102,107,114,120,126,131,137,142,148,154,160,166,171,176,182,187,192,197,204,211,216,221,226,231,236,241,246,251,256,261,267,273,278,283,289,294,300,305,311,317,323,329,335,340,347,351,357,362,367,372,378,383,388,394,398,404,409,414,419,424,429,433,438,442,448,452,457,461,466,470,474,479,483,490,495,501,507,512,518,524,529,533,537,542,546,551,557,562,568,574,579,584,591,596,601,607,613,619,625,631,637,643,648,653,658,664,668,672,677,683,689,693,697,702,708,713,719,724,729,735,740,746,752,758,763,767,771,776,781,787,791,797,802,807,811,816,821,826,831,837,842,846,852,856,861,867,872,879,885,891,897,903,908,914,920,926,932,938,943,949,955,961,967,972,976,982,987,991,995,999,1005,1011,1017,1023,1029,1035,1041,1047,1053,1059,1065,1070,1075,1080],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":10,"year":12,"amount":13,"abstract":14},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210772","European Research Council","ERC Starting Grant","Learning and volatility in financial markets: theory, experiments and empirics",null,"UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON",2008,"€765,000","The project aims to study learning and volatility in financial markets. We will develop a theoretical market microstructure model to analyze how informational inefficiencies can arise in financial markets even though traders (who have non speculative reasons to trade) are allowed to buy or sell any quantity of an asset (in a continuous action space). In this theoretical framework, we will also analyze the case in which the asset value can change over time (e.g., because of shocks to the economy)",{"id":16,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":17,"piName":10,"institution":18,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":20,"abstract":21},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203929","Acency Costs and Asset Pricing","FONDATION JEAN JACQUES LAFFONT,TOULOUSE SCIENCES ECONOMIQUES","FR","€1,000,000","The main objective of this research project is to contribute at bridging the gap between the two main branches of financial theory, namely corporate finance and asset pricing. It is motivated by the conviction that these two aspects of financial activity should and can be analyzed within a unified framework. This research will borrow from these two approaches in order to construct theoretical models that allow one to analyze the design and issuance of financial securities, as well as the dynamic",{"id":23,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":24,"piName":10,"institution":25,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":27,"abstract":28},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207182","Anton Francesco Doni – Multimedia Archive Texts and Sources","SCUOLA NORMALE SUPERIORE","IT","€559,200","This project aims at creating a multimedia archive of the printed works of Anton Francesco Doni, who was not only an author but also a typographer, a publisher and a member of the Giolito and Marcolini’s editorial staff. The analysis of Doni’s work may be a good way to investigate appropriation, text rewriting and image reusing practices which are typical of several authors of the 16th Century, as clearly shown by the critics in the last decades. This project intends to bring to light the wide r",{"id":30,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":31,"piName":10,"institution":32,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":34,"abstract":35},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210890","The role of RNA silencing in immunity and development in eukaryotes","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","CH","€900,000","RNA silencing is a pan-eukaryotic gene regulation process that involves RNA molecules 19-30nt in length. These molecules are produced by RNAse-III proteins in the Dicer family and engage into sequence-specific regulation of complementary DNA or RNA upon their incorporation into effector complexes. RNA silencing serves essential roles in biology but the molecular bases of its mechanisms are still poorly understood. One major aspect of the proposed project is to decipher genetically the compositio",{"id":37,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":38,"piName":10,"institution":32,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":39,"abstract":40},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203428","Biomimetic Lipid Structures on Nano- and Microfluidic Platforms","€1,941,000","The projects aim at the formation, manipulation, and analysis of three-dimensional lipid membrane structures on micro- and nano-structured platforms. The goal is to develop a novel methodology to design and create simple artificial cells and cell organelles, bio-hybrid cells, and bio-mimicking membrane networks, which could be an entirely novel tool for cell analysis, and promises fascinating prospects for cell manipulation, biotechnology, pharmacy and material sciences. The basis of the project",{"id":42,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":43,"piName":10,"institution":32,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":44,"abstract":45},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205641","Adipocyte Differentiation and Metabolic Functions in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes","€1,607,105","Obesity associated disorders such as T2D, hypertension and CVD, commonly referred to as the “metabolic syndrome”, are prevalent diseases of industrialized societies. Deranged adipose tissue proliferation and differentiation contribute significantly to the development of these metabolic disorders. Comparatively little however is known, about how these processes influence the development of metabolic disorders. Using a multidisciplinary approach, I plan to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying",{"id":47,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":48,"piName":10,"institution":32,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":49,"abstract":50},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210806","4DVideo: 4D spatio-temporal modeling of real-world events from video streams","€1,757,422","The focus of this project is the development of algorithms that allow one to capture and analyse dynamic events taking place in the real world. For this, we intend to develop smart camera networks that can perform a multitude of observation tasks, ranging from surveillance and tracking to high-fidelity, immersive reconstructions of important dynamic events (i.e. 4D videos). There are many fundamental questions in computer vision associated with these problems. Can the geometric, topologic and ph",{"id":52,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":53,"piName":10,"institution":54,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":56,"abstract":57},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205896","Control of entangled electron spins on a chip","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","NL","€1,296,000","The promise of nanoscience stems from the fundamentally new behavior that emerges at the nanoscale. Here, we propose to explore, control and exploit one of the most dramatic aspects of this unusual behavior: quantum entanglement of spins. Our nanoscale system of choice is an array of semiconductor quantum dots that each contain one single electron. Thanks to a string of recent breakthroughs, it is now possible to initialize, coherently manipulate and read out the spin state of one such electron,",{"id":59,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":60,"piName":10,"institution":54,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":61,"abstract":62},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202887","Flow visualization inspired aero-acoustics with time-resolved Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry","€1,498,000","The recent developments of the Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry technique and of the non-intrusive pressure field characterization method, by the applicant at TU Delft Aerospace Engineering, now opens unforeseen perspectives in the area of unsteady flow diagnostics and experimental aero-acoustics. As a result of this work it is now possible not only to quantify complex flows in their three-dimensional structure, but also to extract quantities such as pressure. The current research proposal",{"id":64,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":65,"piName":10,"institution":66,"country":67,"year":12,"amount":68,"abstract":69},"cordis-european-research-council-award-211166","Probing the Micro-Nano Transition: Theoretical and Experimental Foundations, Simulations and Applications","ARISTOTELIO PANEPISTIMIO THESSALONIKIS","EL","€1,128,400","The objective is to develop a robust multifunctional framework\u002Fprobe for capturing the evolution of deformation and failure in a variety of processes at the micro-nano transition regime. An interdisciplinary approach will be pursued based on fundamental theory and experiment, in conjunction with multiscale simulations for micro\u002Fnanotechnology applications. The approach is unconventional as it ventures to extend continuum mechanics down to the micro\u002Fnano regime and verify this through nanoindenta",{"id":71,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":72,"piName":10,"institution":73,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":74,"abstract":75},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201350","New Frontiers in Spintronics","UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT","€876,000","The aim of this theory proposal is to develop the research field of spintronics in three new directions - i) antiferromagnetic metals, ii) helimagnets, and iii) ultracold quantum gases - unified by the fact that it is a priori clear that new concepts have to be developed in understanding their spintronics phenomena. The central scientific challenge is understanding transport of a nonconserved quantity, i.e., spin, and its nonconserved current, i.e., the spin current. The proposal capitalizes in ",{"id":77,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":78,"piName":10,"institution":73,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":79,"abstract":80},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210223","Characterisation of a novel state of matter: The Quark-Gluon Plasma","€850,000","I propose to explore the properties of a novel state of matter, the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), created by colliding atomic nuclei at the highest energy ever reached using triggered particle correlations. The QGP is predicted by the fundamental theory of strong interactions and is characterized by an equilibrated system of free quarks and gluons that are the constituents of atomic nuclei. My investigation of the QGP properties will give unique insights into the development of the early universe an",{"id":82,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":83,"piName":10,"institution":84,"country":85,"year":12,"amount":86,"abstract":87},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200978","A combined experimental and computational approach for quantitative and mechanistic understanding of transcriptional regulation","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","IL","€1,005,600","The complex functions of a living cell are carried out through the coordinated activity of many genes. Since transcription is a key step in establishing such coordinated activity, much effort was devoted to its study, and tremendous progress was made in identifying many of the transcription factors and regulatory DNA elements involved in the regulation of specific systems. However, very few attempts were made at going beyond these phenomenological and qualitative descriptions. Consequently, we a",{"id":89,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":90,"piName":10,"institution":84,"country":85,"year":12,"amount":91,"abstract":92},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200850","Predicting odor perception from odorant structure and neural activity in the olfactory system","€1,596,000","The rules linking odor perception to odorant structure are unknown. No scientist nor perfumer can predict an odor based on its molecular structure, or decipher a molecular structure based on its smell. It is this puzzle we aim to solve. In vision and audition coding was probed by linking critical physical stimulus dimensions (wavelength\u002Ffrequency) to patterns of neural activity. But what are the critical physical dimensions in olfaction? Scientists have probed this by linking restricted physico-",{"id":94,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":95,"piName":10,"institution":84,"country":85,"year":12,"amount":96,"abstract":97},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204575","Systems Analysis of Plant Metabolism through the Integration of Heterogeneous Data from Genetics, Informatics and Metabolomics","€1,009,000","The term METABOLISM describes all the chemical reactions and interactions that take place in a biological system. The regulation of metabolic pathways is constantly tuned in order to suit the needs of development and fitness. The main goal of the proposed research is to unravel networks of genes and proteins which coordinate the activity of metabolic pathways during plant development and stress response. In Phase I of the project, an infrastructure will be set-up that includes metabolite analyse",{"id":99,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":100,"piName":10,"institution":84,"country":85,"year":12,"amount":10,"abstract":101},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202996","Fundamental dynamical processes near massive black holes in galactic nuclei","I propose to combine analytical studies and simulations to explore fundamental open questions in the dynamics and statistical mechanics of stars near massive black holes. These directly affect key issues such as the rate of supply of single and binary stars to the black hole, the growth and evolution of single and binary massive black holes and the connections to the evolution of the host galaxy, capture of stars around the black hole, the rate and modes of gravitational wave emission from captu",{"id":103,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":104,"piName":10,"institution":84,"country":85,"year":12,"amount":105,"abstract":106},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205199","Expression regulatory networks: beyond promoters and transcription control","€1,320,000","Gene expression in living cells is a most intricate molecular process, occurring in stages, each of which is regulated by a diversity of mechanisms. Among the various stages leading to gene expression, only transcription is relatively well understood, thanks to Genomics and bioinformatics. In contrast to the vast amounts of genome-wide data and a growing understanding of the structure of networks controlling transcription, we still lack quantitative, genome-wide knowledge of the mechanisms under",{"id":108,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":109,"piName":10,"institution":110,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":112,"abstract":113},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205095","Elaboration and refinement of sensorineural dendritic architecture","HELMHOLTZ ZENTRUM MUENCHEN DEUTSCHES FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FUER GESUNDHEIT UND UMWELT GMBH","DE","€1,100,000","Vertebrate sensory perception and integration depend on the formation of ordered connections between sensory neurons and their target cells that occur along several steps: a- establishment of cellular identity, b- neuronal axon growth, arborization and dendritogenesis, c- somatodendritic contact and synaptic refinement. Although there is a wealth of information about the molecular mechanisms controlling neuronal cell-fate determination and synaptogenesis during embryonic development, very few st",{"id":115,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":116,"piName":10,"institution":117,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":118,"abstract":119},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210642","Quantum optics in nanostructures","FREIE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN","€1,097,820","Nanomaterials are intriguing structures for quantum optics. Their color depends on their size and shape; they are very selective in the wavelengths they absorb and emit. Although nanostructures have been used to color windows and surfaces since the Middle Ages, we lack the understanding how size, shape, and microscopic structure control the optical properties of nanomaterials. In this project, we plan to develop a fundamental description of quantum optics in one-dimensional nanosystems. Core con",{"id":121,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":122,"piName":10,"institution":123,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":124,"abstract":125},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204643","Neural correlates of spatial memory in children and adults","STICHTING RADBOUD UNIVERSITEIT","€873,476","In everyday life we navigate through known and unknown spatial environments. We have to learn how to find our way back, make a detour around a barrier or find a shortcut. The ability to remember the spatial surroundings and to communicate about space has been crucial to human adaptation and survival. The proposed research project investigates the development of spatial skills, the underlying neural correlates of spatial representations and spatial wayfinding mechanisms, spatial language and thei",{"id":127,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":128,"piName":10,"institution":123,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":130},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210373","On the other hand: the linguistic impact of having two symmetrical articulators in sign language","€500,000","Deaf people communicate with two hands. Hearing people communicate with only one mouth. What are the implications of this difference for our view of human language? The proposed research aims to approach this central issue by addressing a number of new and concrete questions, using highly innovative methods. Linguistic models are generally based on the fact that spoken language structures are linear and hierarchically structured. The symmetry of the two hands in signed languages makes room for a",{"id":132,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":133,"piName":10,"institution":134,"country":135,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":136},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206912","Multiple Systems of Spatial Memory: Their role in Reasoning and Action","UNIVERSITY OF CYPRUS","CY","The goal of the proposed project is to examine how the locations of the objects that constitute our environments are represented in memory and how such memories are used to support our actions in space. During the last three decades of research this topic has received a lot of attention by scientists from many disciplines, and over the years a number of theories have been formulated. However, our understanding of the nature and functioning of spatial memory still continues to change. More import",{"id":138,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":139,"piName":10,"institution":134,"country":135,"year":12,"amount":140,"abstract":141},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209116","New Results on Structural Change Tests: Theory and Applications","€517,200","The research project has two broad objectives and provides novel results in the literature of structural change or change-point tests. The first objective is to provide two new methods for restoring the non-monotone power problem of a large family of structural breaks tests that have been widely used in econometrics and statistics, as well as to show that these methods have additional contributions and can be extended to: (i) tests for a change in persistence, (ii) partial sums tests of cointegr",{"id":143,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":144,"piName":10,"institution":145,"country":146,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":147},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200639","High-accuracy models in theoretical chemistry","BUDAPESTI MUSZAKI ES GAZDASAGTUDOMANYI EGYETEM","HU","Even today, quantum chemical calculations with experimental accuracy are only feasible for small molecules. This statement is especially true if the considered molecule is far from the equilibrium structure, where the overwhelming majority of quantum chemical models break down. The main purpose of this proposal is to develop new quantum chemical methods that are applicable to at least medium-sized molecules and simultaneously provide results sufficiently close to the experimental data and are ca",{"id":149,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":150,"piName":10,"institution":151,"country":152,"year":12,"amount":10,"abstract":153},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200918","The production of work. Welfare, labour-market and the disputed boundaries of labour (1880-1938)","UNIVERSITAT WIEN","AT","Since the late 19th century modern social welfare policy has established social insurances in certain formalized cases of non-work: in case of old age, illness, invalidity, and unemployment. Doing so, it gained importance to control the entitlement to social welfare, national affiliation, willingness or (in-)ability to work. These new regulations of work and non-work also manifested new concepts of work and vocation. Simultaneously and with reference to the new social status of labour and to the",{"id":155,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":156,"piName":10,"institution":157,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":158,"abstract":159},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209437","Biomimetic Organocatalysis – Development of Novel Synthetic Catalytic Methodology and Technology","RHEINISCH-WESTFAELISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE AACHEN","€999,960","Biomimetic Organocatalysis – Development of Novel Synthetic Catalytic Methodology and Technology The objective of the proposed research is the design and development of unprecedented preassembled, modular, molecular factories. Inspiration comes from nature’s non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthetases (PKSs). These large multifunctional enzymes possess catalytic modules with the capacity for recognition, activation and modification required for sequential biosynthesis of",{"id":161,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":162,"piName":10,"institution":163,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":164,"abstract":165},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205119","Magnetic Resonance of Heterogeneous Matter in Rotating Magnetic Fields: Applications to Living Systems","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","€1,827,564","The goal of this project is to establish the foundations for the next generation diagnostic magnetic resonance for in-vivo studies of biochemical processes. Magnetic resonance, unlike other techniques, probes in a non-invasive manner the local structure and dynamics of chemical and biological function. Many systems (e.g. organisms) are however heterogeneous and, currently, studies by high-resolution NMR spectroscopy necessitate fast sample rotation (thousands of revolutions per second) at the so",{"id":167,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":168,"piName":10,"institution":163,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":169,"abstract":170},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207430","Simulations of Turbulent, Active and Rotating Suns and Stars","€880,000","The STARS2 project aims at modelling on massively parallel supercomputers in a self-consistent and three-dimensional way, the complex, time dependent and nonlinear dynamics operating in the Sun and stars. In particular we wish to understand how stars generate the wide variety of magnetic activity that is observed, with the Sun - given its proximity and its influence on our technical society - playing a central role in characterizing, studying, and constraining the dynamical processes acting in s",{"id":172,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":173,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":34,"abstract":175},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206726","Mapping functional protein-RNA interactions to identify new targets for oligonucleotide-based therapy.","UK","An important question of modern neurobiology is how neurons regulate synaptic function in response to excitation. In particular, the roles of alternative pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA translation regulation in this response are poorly understood. We will study the RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that control these post-transcriptional changes using a UV crosslinking-based purification method (CLIP) and ultra-high throughput sequencing. Computational analysis of the resulting data will define the sequen",{"id":177,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":178,"piName":10,"institution":179,"country":180,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":181},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200749","Von Neumann algebras, group actions and discrete quantum groups","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","BE","Von Neumann algebras, and more specifically II_1 factors, arise naturally in the study of countable groups and their actions on measure spaces. A central, but extremely hard problem is the classification of these von Neumann algebras in terms of their group\u002Faction data. Breakthrough results were recently obtained by Sorin Popa. I presented a combined treatment of these in my Bourbaki lecture notes. In a joint work of Popa and myself, this gave rise to the full classification of certain generaliz",{"id":183,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":184,"piName":10,"institution":179,"country":180,"year":12,"amount":185,"abstract":186},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203043","Nano fibrous materials - structure, design and application","€1,228,736","The performance and physical attributes of a material and product can be tailored to so far unmatched material strengths and properties by creating new nano fibrous structures from polymers by electrospinning. The electrospinning process uses an electric field to produce charged jets of polymer solutions or melts. Bending instabilities of the jet, caused by the surface charge, lead to extremely high local extension rates of the jet and produce fibres with diameters of the order of a few nanomete",{"id":188,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":189,"piName":10,"institution":179,"country":180,"year":12,"amount":190,"abstract":191},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201673","Architectural design In Dialogue with dis-Ability Theoretical and methodological exploration of a multi-sensorial design approach in architecture","€1,195,385","This research project is based on the notion that, because of their specific interaction with space, people with particular dis-abilities are able to appreciate spatial qualities or detect misfits in the environment that most architects—or other designers—are not even aware of. This notion holds for sensory dis-abilities such as blindness or visual impairment, but also for mental dis-abilities like autism or Alzheimer’s dementia. The experiences and subsequent insights of these dis-abled people,",{"id":193,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":194,"piName":10,"institution":179,"country":180,"year":12,"amount":195,"abstract":196},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203291","Integrated Multi-disciplinary Approach to Gain INsight into Endothelial Diversity","€1,616,719","Endothelial cells (EC) lining the inside of blood\u002Flymphatic vessels in different organs show significant heterogeneity caused by cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors. While intrinsic properties are preserved in vitro, EC-extrinsic characteristics are lost upon isolation from the in vivo context. Thus, getting a grasp on EC diversity requires an approach that integrates EC-intrinsic and -extrinsic cues. EC heterogeneity likely forms the basis of vessel-type restricted disorders and may explain t",{"id":198,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":199,"piName":10,"institution":200,"country":201,"year":12,"amount":202,"abstract":203},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208499","CAAX Protein Processing in Human DIsease: From Cancer to Progeria","GOETEBORGS UNIVERSITET","SE","€1,689,600","My objective is to understand the physiologic and medical importance of the posttranslational processing of CAAX proteins (e.g., K-RAS and prelamin A) and to define the suitability of the CAAX protein processing enzymes as therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer and progeria. CAAX proteins undergo three posttranslational processing steps at a carboxyl-terminal CAAX motif. These processing steps, which are mediated by four different enzymes (FTase, GGTase-I, RCE1, and ICMT), increase the ",{"id":205,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":206,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":209,"abstract":210},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202654","Topological, Geometric and Analytical Study of Singularities","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","ES","€630,000","Singularity theory is a transversal research subject in which many different techniques converge (algebraic, analytical, geometric, topological), with different perspectives (local, global), but with a very strong interconnection. Our research involves the study of analytic singularities from different perspectives. Specific topics are the vanishing cohomology of singularities with its D-module and Hodge structure, the topology of the Milnor fibre, the embedded topology of the link, topological ",{"id":212,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":213,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":214,"abstract":215},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206117","New single-molecule techniques and their application in the study of DNA break repair","€1,624,230","Unrepaired DNA breaks can lead to genomic instability or cell death. They occur frequently during normal cellular metabolism and are caused, for example, by the collapse or stalling of the replication fork in response to DNA damage. Proper DNA-end processing and handling are essential for the survival of the cell and prevention of carcinogenesis. Cells possess robust mechanisms to repair DNA breaks. One such DNA repair mechanism is homologous recombination where the sister chromatid is used as a",{"id":217,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":218,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":219,"abstract":220},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209044","The Intellectual and Material Legacies of Late Medieval Sephardic Judaism: An Interdisciplinary Approach","€719,336","From the 13th to the 15th centuries, the Jews of the Iberian Peninsula (Sepharad) lived side by side with Christians and Muslims. Although persistent tensions existed between these three groups, their members also participated in a common artistic, intellectual and scientific endeavour that produced the requisite conditions for the dawn of the European Renaissance. The worldviews of all three communities revolved around their sacred texts—the Hebrew and Christian Bibles and the Qur’an. This proj",{"id":222,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":223,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":224,"abstract":225},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209243","High-throughput integrated photonic lab-on-a-DVD platforms","€1,717,200","The main aim of the proposed research line is to develop high-throughput highly sensitive photonic lab-a-DVD platforms for multiple parallel analysis with an extremely high degree of integration. The already existing high-throughput platforms only use the CD platform as a substrate, without any given functionality, conversely, in this research line, in the DVD platform it is proposed the integration of the following elements: (i) polymeric photonic components (high-sensitivity Mach-Zehnder inter",{"id":227,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":228,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":229,"abstract":230},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203138","Contour dynamics and singularities in incompressible flows","€650,000","The search of singularities in incompressible flows has become a major challenge in the area of non-linear partial differential equations and is relevant in applied mathematics, physics and engineering. The existence of such singularities would have important consequences for the understanding of turbulence. One way to make progress in this direction, is to study plausible scenarios for the singularities supported by experiments or numerical analysis. With the more sophisticated numerical tools ",{"id":232,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":233,"piName":10,"institution":207,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":234,"abstract":235},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208250","Role of the Gadd45 family and p38 MAPK in tumor suppression and autoimmunity","€1,755,805","Gadd45 family proteins play a critical role in genomic stability, cell cycle regulation proliferation and apoptosis. Gadd45a is activated by the tumor suppressor gene p53, which is mutated in >50% of human tumors. The lack of GADD45a in mice leads to spontaneous development of an autoimmune disease similar to systemic lupus erythematosus. The molecular mechanisms that cause autoimmunity are poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that p38 activation is involved in autoimmune development and ",{"id":237,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":238,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":112,"abstract":240},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205256","Precision measurements on cold molecules in a fountain","STICHTING VU","In a recent series of experiments, it has been shown that polar molecules can be decelerated, bunched, cooled, and trapped using time-varying electric fields. These experiments demonstrate an unprecedented level of control over molecules, which enables a variety of applications of great scientific interest. Here, I propose to use these techniques to create a molecular fountain. In this fountain, the first of its kind, polar molecules are decelerated, cooled, and subsequently launched upwards som",{"id":242,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":243,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":244,"abstract":245},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202584","Effective evaluation of active labour market policies in social insurance programs - improving the interaction between econometric evaluation estimators and economic theory","€550,000","In most European countries social insurance programs, like welfare, unemployment insurance and disability insurance are characterized by low reemployment rates. Therefore, governments spend huge amounts of money on active labour market programs, which should help individuals in finding work. Recent surveys indicate that programs which aim at intensifying job search behaviour are much more effective than schooling programs for improving human capital. A second conclusion from these surveys is tha",{"id":247,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":248,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":249,"abstract":250},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203194","Tarski’s Revolution: A New History. Semantics and Axiomatics from Bolzano to Tarski against the background of the Classical Model of Science","€897,472","This project aims at rewriting the history of Tarski’s revolution in semantics by taking into account the development of axiomatics from Bolzano to Tarski. Bolzano’s extraordinary work in semantics has been especially significant for the Polish tradition to which Tarski belongs, and Tarski’s ideas in turn changed the course of contemporary analytic philosophy. Tarski’s work represents a crucial turn in the history of semantics and related fields. The research project aims to establish that the t",{"id":252,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":253,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":254,"abstract":255},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210948","The Christian Appropriation of the Jewish Scriptures: Allegory, Pauline Exegesis, and the Negotiation of Religious Identities","€655,309","This project focuses on the appropriation of the Old Testament by early Christian interpreters of the Bible. A historical approach, not commonly adopted in the study of biblical interpretation, will enable us to study how this process contributed to the formation of distinctive Christian identities within the multicultural society of the late Roman principate and early Byzantine rule. The exegetes of this period were to a great extent responsible for the creation of a distinctive, sophisticated,",{"id":257,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":258,"piName":10,"institution":239,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":259,"abstract":260},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201739","Fiber-top micromachined devices: ideas on the tip of a fiber","€1,799,915","Fiber-top sensors (D. Iannuzzi et al., patent application number PCT\u002FNL2005\u002F000816) are a new generation of miniaturized devices obtained by carving tiny movable structures directly on the cleaved edge of an optical fiber. The light coupled into the fiber allows measurements of the position of the micromechanical parts with sub-nanometer accuracy. The monolithic structure of the device, the absence of electronic contacts on the sensing head, and the simplicity of the working principle offer unpr",{"id":262,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":263,"piName":10,"institution":264,"country":180,"year":12,"amount":265,"abstract":266},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203650","M- and Z-estimation in semiparametric statistics : applications in various fields","UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN","€750,000","The area of semiparametric statistics is, in comparison to the areas of fully parametric or nonparametric statistics, relatively unexplored and still in full development. Semiparametric models offer a valid alternative for purely parametric ones, that are known to be sensitive to incorrect model specification, and completely nonparametric models, which often suffer from lack of precision and power. A drawback of semiparametric models so far is, however, that the development of mathematical prope",{"id":268,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":269,"piName":10,"institution":270,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":271,"abstract":272},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208814","What is the molecular mechanism of mechanosensation? Mechanosensitive channel of large conductance, MscL, as a model","RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN","€1,449,236","“Equipped with his five senses, man explores the universe around him and calls the adventure science” E.P. Hubble It is amazing how much we have learned about the working of our universe by using our five senses and how little we still know about the working of these senses themselves! Even though the molecular mechanism of sight, taste, and smell is known, we still don’t know how the mechanical sensations of touch and hearing function at the molecular level. Mechanosensitive (MS) ion channels, ",{"id":274,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":275,"piName":10,"institution":270,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":276,"abstract":277},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209394","Holy Writ & Lay Readers. A Social History of Vernacular Bible Translations in the Middle Ages","€683,688","The European Late Middle Ages, before the Reformation in the 16th century, were witness to a cultural revolution. The ‘traditional’ dichotomy between the categories ‘religious’ and ‘lay’ and ‘Latin’ and ‘vernacular’ dissolved into a more diffuse situation and led to ‘lay emancipation’ characterised by a dramatic increase in the production of vernacular religious texts and, more specifically, by the production and distribution of vernacular Bibles. However, the diffusion of Bible translations acr",{"id":279,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":280,"piName":10,"institution":281,"country":201,"year":12,"amount":20,"abstract":282},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204059","Quantum plasmas and the quantum vacuum: New vistas in physics","UMEA UNIVERSITET","The quantum vacuum constitutes a highly nontrivial medium, in which complex nonlinear processes, such as pair production and photon splitting, can take place. These processes will yield measurable alterations to classical electromagnetic wave dynamics and laser-matter interactions using the next-generation laser systems. It has been suggested that this could even give rise to self-compression of electromagnetic pulses in vacuum, and therefore produce intensities above the laser limit. This gives",{"id":284,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":285,"piName":10,"institution":286,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":287,"abstract":288},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202487","Evolutionary genetics in a ‘classical’ avian study system by high throughput transcriptome sequencing and SNP genotyping","THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD","€1,560,770","Long-term studies of free-living vertebrate populations have proved a rich resource for understanding evolutionary and ecological processes, because individuals’ life histories can be measured by tracking them from birth\u002Fhatching through to death. In recent years the ‘animal model’ has been applied to pedigreed long-term study populations with great success, dramatically advancing our understanding of quantitative genetic parameters such as heritabilities, genetic correlations and plasticities o",{"id":290,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":291,"piName":10,"institution":286,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":292,"abstract":293},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204116","Mothers, grandmothers and the evolution of prolonged lifespan in humans","€1,143,824","I propose a novel evolutionary approach for studying ecological and demographic factors that affect senescence and lifespan in humans. Women are unique among animals due to menopause and a prolonged lifespan after last birth. Evolutionarily, the quest of everyone is to maximise grandchildren numbers. Hence, human women life-history is enigmatic. One possibility is that older women increase their fitness by directing resources to already produced offspring rather than having more. Thus, although ",{"id":295,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":296,"piName":10,"institution":297,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":298,"abstract":299},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205202","Olfactory perception in Drosophila: analysis of a novel iGluR-related family of odorant receptors","UNIVERSITE DE LAUSANNE","€1,500,000","Chemosensory systems permit organisms to perceive diverse chemicals in the environment signalling the presence of food, dangers, kin or mates. How a specific chemical stimulus is recognised and converted into neural activity that provokes the appropriate behaviour is a fundamental problem in neuroscience. I investigate this question in the olfactory system of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, which exhibits sophisticated odour-driven behaviours under the control of a simple and genetically",{"id":301,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":302,"piName":10,"institution":297,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":303,"abstract":304},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208670","Plant endomembrane trafficking in physiology and development","€1,199,889","Understanding the structure and function of endomembrane compartments is central to a mechanistic understanding of eukaryotic cell behavior. Multi-cellular organisms show an increased complexity and specialization in their endomembrane trafficking pathways. Higher plants have independently developed multi-cellularity and show a differently structured, but highly complex endomembrane system that regulates numerous, fundamental processes, such as cell wall composition, plant nutrition or immune re",{"id":306,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":307,"piName":10,"institution":308,"country":180,"year":12,"amount":309,"abstract":310},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205252","Molecularly targeted therapy for T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia","VIB VZW","€1,384,632","T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive T cell malignancy that is most common in children and adolescents. Our current understanding of the molecular genetics of T-ALL indicates that leukemic transformation of thymocytes is caused by the cooperation of mutations that affect proliferation, survival, cell cycle, differentiation and self renewal. Molecular analysis has identified a large number of T-ALL specific oncogenes, but the genetic defects that are implicated in the aber",{"id":312,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":313,"piName":10,"institution":314,"country":152,"year":12,"amount":315,"abstract":316},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207362","Hormonal cross-talk in plant organogenesis","INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUSTRIA","€1,300,000","Growth and development of plants are regulated by signalling substances such as hormones. In plants, interactions between hormonal pathways represent crucial factors that govern their action. As the molecular basis for such hormonal cross-talk remains largely unknown, we will investigate the underlying mechanisms with a special focus on regulation of postembryonic organogenesis. We consider lateral root formation in Arabidopsis as an ideally suited model system, because it encompasses fundamenta",{"id":318,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":319,"piName":10,"institution":320,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":321,"abstract":322},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205819","Molecular Mechanisms of Glioma Genesis and Progression","FUNDACIO PRIVADA INSTITUT D'INVESTIGACIO ONCOLOGICA DE VALL-HEBRON (VHIO)","€1,566,000","Glioma is the most common and aggressive tumour of the brain and its most malignant form, glioblastoma multiforme, is nowadays virtually not curable. Very little is known about glioma genesis and progression at the molecular level and not much progress has been achieved in the treatment of this disease during the last years. The understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the biology of glioma is essential for the development of successful and rational therapeutic strategies. Our proje",{"id":324,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":325,"piName":10,"institution":326,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":327,"abstract":328},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203379","Developmental and Genetic Analysis of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair","ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS LEIDEN","€1,060,000","The DNA within our cells is constantly being damaged by both environmental and endogenous agents; of the many forms of DNA damage, the DNA double-strand break (DSB) is considered to be most dangerous. Correct processing of DSBs is not only essential for maintaining genomic integrity but is also required in specific biological processes, such as meiotic recombination and V(D)J recombination, in which DNA breaks are deliberately generated. In animals, defects in the proper response to DSBs can thu",{"id":330,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":331,"piName":10,"institution":332,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":333,"abstract":334},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208259","Targeting the Notch Protease Interface","UNIVERSITEIT MAASTRICHT","€1,200,000","NOTCH signaling is a highly conserved short-range signaling pathway involved in virtually every aspect of embryonic development and controls homeostatic self-renewal in many adult tissues. Germ line mutations in the NOTCH pathway cause several hereditary diseases, and somatic mutations are found in cancer. NOTCH pathway activity is governed by ligand induced proteolytic cleavage of the receptor in the extracellular domain by a metalloprotease. This cleavage is required for the consecutive transm",{"id":336,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":337,"piName":10,"institution":332,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":338,"abstract":339},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207279","The European and National Constitutional Law Project","€1,645,056","Irrespective of whether the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe or a Reform Treaty enters into force, the EU already has a constitution by all but name. But what does it rest on? Both the current treaties and the European Court of Justice often make reference to the national constitutions, either of one Member State individually, or as common constitutional principles and traditions. Yet, whilst the influence of EU law on national constitutional law is well documented, no thorough comp",{"id":341,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":342,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":344,"year":12,"amount":345,"abstract":346},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208344","Hydrogen interaction with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons – from interstellar catalysis to hydrogen storage","AARHUS UNIVERSITET","DK","€1,499,810","In a truly cross-disciplinary research project encompassing surface science, astrophysics and chemistry we aim to address two of the major outstanding questions in the field of astrochemistry, namely i) how molecular hydrogen, the most abundant molecule in the interstellar medium, form, and ii) whether it is possible to identify specific Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) species in interstellar spectra. The insights gained from the experimental investigations may revolutionize our current un",{"id":348,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":349,"piName":10,"institution":343,"country":344,"year":12,"amount":10,"abstract":350},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202859","Mathematical Problems in Superconductivity and Bose-Einstein Condensation","This project in mathematical physics is concerned with the mathematical understanding of superconductivity and Bose-Einstein condensation. These physical phenomena are the subject of intense research activity both in the experimental and theoretical physics communities and in mathematics. However, despite a lot of effort, many key questions lack a mathematically rigorous answer. The ambition of the present project is to improve this situation. I plan to analyze both the effective models and the ",{"id":352,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":353,"piName":10,"institution":354,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":355,"abstract":356},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203099","ScalPL : A Scalable Programming Language","PHILIPPS UNIVERSITAET MARBURG","€1,382,680","The goal of this project is the development of a growable programming language: a language whose vocabulary can easily be extended for purposes such as the development of domain-specific languages. The proposal addresses the long-standing holy grail of programming: Removing the representational gap, making a program look like a description of a domain expert. This project is certainly not the first one that adresses this goal. The main novelty of this approach is its emphasis on scalability. We ",{"id":358,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":359,"piName":10,"institution":360,"country":201,"year":12,"amount":34,"abstract":361},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201214","Genomic stability -chromosome segregation and repair","KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET","The eukaryotic genome combines a highly dynamic nature with stable transmission of genetic information from mother to daughter cells. This is achieved by a plethora of protein networks regulating processes such as chromosome duplication, segregation and repair. The principal aim of our research is to determine the molecular interplay between chromosome segregation and repair. Accurate execution of these two events is crucial for the maintenance of genome stability, which in turn is essential for",{"id":363,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":364,"piName":10,"institution":360,"country":201,"year":12,"amount":365,"abstract":366},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207047","Neural mechanisms of body ownership and the projection of ownership onto artificial bodies","€909,850","How do we recognize that our limbs are part of our own body, and why do we feel that one’s self is located inside the body? These fundamental questions have been discussed in theology, philosophy and psychology for millennia. The aim of my ground-breaking research programme is to identify the neuronal mechanisms that produce the sense of ownership of the body, and the processes responsible for the feeling that the self is located inside the physical body. To solve these questions I will adopt an",{"id":368,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":369,"piName":10,"institution":370,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":10,"abstract":371},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202881","Stable isotope investigations on the adaptations of Neolithic husbandry to the diverse climatic and environmental settings of Eastern, Central and Western Europe","MUSEUM NATIONAL D'HISTOIRE NATURELLE","Twenty-first century European husbandry results from thousand-year-old experiences. This project aims at giving a historical dimension to the growing questioning on present day herding practices among European consumers. Sheep, goat, cattle and pig were domesticated ca. 8500 cal. BC in the eastern Taurus. From there they spread to most of the Near East and entered Europe at the turn of the 7th millennium BC. They reached the North-western Europe coasts by the beginning of the 5th millennium and ",{"id":373,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":374,"piName":10,"institution":375,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":376,"abstract":377},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204554","Supramolecular Chemical Biology Modulation of Protein-Protein Interactions","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN","€1,250,000","This proposal aims to explore the combination of supramolecular chemistry with chemical biology. Supramolecular architectures are proposed for the modulation of protein-protein interactions. Two general themes are outlined; 1) supramolecular chemistry in the cell and 2) supramolecular multivalency. Supramolecular architectures are brought forward as excellent tools to control protein-protein interactions at the cellular level. Supramolecular elements, selectively attached to proteins, are outlin",{"id":379,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":380,"piName":10,"institution":381,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":315,"abstract":382},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207419","Quality control of gene expression: mechanisms for recognition and elimination of nonsense mRNA","UNIVERSITAET BERN","Analogous to quality control checks along the assembly line in industrial manufacturing processes, cells possess multiple quality control systems that ensure accurate expression of the genetic information throughout the intricate chain of biochemical reactions. “Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay” (NMD) represents a quality control mechanism that recognizes and degrades mRNAs of which the protein coding sequence is truncated by the presence of a premature termination codon (PTC). By eliminating these ",{"id":384,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":385,"piName":10,"institution":381,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":386,"abstract":387},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200130","GENETIC AND GENOMIC STUDY OF CELL COMPETITION IN DROSOPHILA","€970,100","During initial stages a cell accumulating tumor-promoting mutations is usually surrounded by normal cells. Current cancer models do not incorporate this transition from a single cell to a field of cells, although it is probably critical, since the behavior of an individual tumor cell within the cell community has to be dictated by the hard-wired genetic program that controls its aberrant cell biology and modulated by the plastic interactions with neighboring normal cells. Study of model organism",{"id":389,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":390,"piName":10,"institution":391,"country":201,"year":12,"amount":392,"abstract":393},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209825","Multiscale and Distributed Computing Algorithms for Biomolecular Simulation and Efficient Free Energy Calculations","KUNGLIGA TEKNISKA HOEGSKOLAN","€992,413","The long-term goal of our research is to advance the state-of-the-art in molecular simulation algorithms by 4-5 orders of magnitude, particularly in the context of the GROMACS software we are developing. This is an immense challenge, but with huge potential rewards: it will be an amazing virtual microscope for basic chemistry, polymer and material science research; it could help us understand the molecular basis of diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jacob, and it would enable rational design rather th",{"id":395,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":396,"piName":10,"institution":391,"country":201,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":397},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202984","New Adaptive Computational Methods for Fluid-Structure Interaction using an Unified Continuum Formulation with Applications in Biology, Medicine and Industry","For many problems involving a fluid and a structure, decoupling of the two is not possible to accurately model the phenomenon at hand, instead the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) problem has to be solved as a coupled problem. This includes a multitude of important problems in biology, medicine and industry, such as the modeling of insect flight, the blood flow in our heart and arteries, human speech, acoustic noise generation in vehicles and wind induced vibrations in bridges and other structu",{"id":399,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":400,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":402,"abstract":403},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203749","The power of quantum computers","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€744,000","Quantum computation has been put forward as a way to overcome current computational limits, by exploiting the quantum properties of nature. It is an interdisciplinary area at the interface of physics and computation. Since Shor's groundbreaking discovery in 1994 that a quantum computer can factor numbers efficiently, strong, steady advances have been made in understanding the advantages of quantum resources and numerous experimental efforts are underway to implement this model of computation. Ou",{"id":405,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":406,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":407,"abstract":408},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209540","Genetic and Environmental Variation of Memory phases","€534,000","Memory (i.e. the ability to store and retrieve information) plays a crucial role in the development of an animal’s behavior within its lifespan and is often important for its survival and reproductive success. Memory is itself a product of evolution and the degree to which information is maintained in the brain varies among species and among different types of behavior. Findings from vertebrate behavioral pharmacology have challenged the traditional view of memory formation as a direct flow from",{"id":410,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":411,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":412,"abstract":413},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209234","Natural speech comprehension: Comprehension of speech in noise","€600,000","The SpiN project stands at the frontier between experimental linguistics and cognitive neuroscience research. It aims at achieving a critical break-through in the domain of speech-in-noise comprehension by setting up a dedicated interdisciplinary research team. The comprehension of speech in noise is a complex task even for normal hearing people and it is the primary and principal problem experienced by people facing hearing loss or auditory processing disorders. Under ecological conditions, a s",{"id":415,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":416,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":417,"abstract":418},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202844","Deciphering Eruptions by Modeling Outputs of Natural Systems","€1,364,478","Active volcanoes emit high temperature gases that modify the chemical composition of the Earth’s atmosphere. It is crucial to be able to quantify the contribution of volcanogenic gases to the atmosphere so that the global atmospheric effects of a major eruption can be predicted and so that volcanogenic effects can be discriminated from anthropogenic emissions. At the scale of one volcano, monitoring of gas plumes is a major tool in volcanic risk management. Volcanologists have long measured gas ",{"id":420,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":421,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":422,"abstract":423},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207667","Computational Anatomy of Fetal Brain","€753,393","Studies about brain maturation aim at providing a better understanding of brain development and links between brain changes and cognitive development. Such studies are of great interest for diagnosis help and clinical course of development and treatment of illnesses. Several teams have begun to make 3D maps of developing brain structures from children to young adults. However, working out the development of fetal and neonatal brain remains an open issue. This project aims at jumping over several",{"id":425,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":426,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":427,"abstract":428},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206734","Quantitative Evolution","€884,400","In the context of unprecedented anthropogenic forcing in the living world, the speed and mechanisms of evolution remain the key to many questions ranging from pathogens adaptation to the dynamics of biodiversity. To what extent can evolutionary theory make predictions? What would be the time horizon of such predictions? These are the two questions I would like to address with this project. Experimental evolution with microbes is now a standard in studying evolution. It represents both unpreceden",{"id":430,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":431,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":20,"abstract":432},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206205","Adaptation of Virus Genomes to Insect Immunity","How ecology shapes genomes is a key question to be addressed in the postgenomic era. A leading theory states that species evolve as groups of genomes adapting to particular ecological niches. Thus, shifts to a new ecological niche should be connected to genome divergence, and ultimately to the making of new species. So far we know little on how ecological adaptation affects genomes, because of the difficulty of simultaneously studying evolution at both ecological and whole genome levels. Insect ",{"id":434,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":435,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":436,"abstract":437},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203872","Complex Molecular-scale Systems for NanoElectronics and NanoPlasmonics","€1,439,712","COMOSYEL aims at designing complex nanometric and molecular systems to process electronic or optical information from the macroscopic to the molecular scale. It proposes two specific, unconventional approaches to molecular electronics and plasmonics and the development of two multidisciplinary technical toolkits, one in bio-inspired chemistry and one in surface nanopatterning by liquid nanodispensing that will support the first two topics, and eventually become a part of the team's culture for f",{"id":439,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":440,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":315,"abstract":441},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210867","Seeds of life - analysis of seed growth and development","Flowering plants have evolved as one predominant life form on earth. One common principle of flowering plants and probably one of the main reasons for this evolutionary success is the rapid development of an embryo along with a nourishing tissue, called the endosperm. Embryo and endosperm are surrounded by maternal tissues and build the plant seed. Seeds are a fascinating biological structure and their formation is an essential step in the plant life cycle. Seeds also represent the major food so",{"id":443,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":444,"piName":10,"institution":445,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":446,"abstract":447},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209842","Mixed-Matrix Interfaces for Enhanced Fine Chemicals Downstream Processing and Monitoring","UNIVERSIDAD DEL PAIS VASCO\u002F EUSKAL HERRIKO UNIBERTSITATEA","€1,498,138","In the production of fine chemicals the downstream processing may amount up to 75 % of the total manufacturing costs, particularly when the product is aimed at nutritional or therapeutic use which demands a maximum purity. Current downstream processing strategies can face limitations whenever existing purification and separation processes are based on physico-chemical principles and thus exhibit a far more limited selectivity for the target compounds than is known from interactions involving bio",{"id":449,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":450,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":265,"abstract":451},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208471","Combinatorial methods, from enumerative topology to random discrete structures and compact data representations","Our aim is to built on recent combinatorial and algorithmic progress to attack a series of deeply connected problems that have independantly surfaced in enumerative topology, statistical physics, and data compression. The relation between these problems lies in the notion of combinatorial map, the natural discrete mathematical abstraction of objects with a 2-dimensional structures (like geographical maps, computer graphics' meshes, or 2d manifolds). A whole new set of properties of these maps ha",{"id":453,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":454,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":455,"abstract":456},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208986","HISTORY OF THE FRENCH POLITICAL SCIENCE LEXICON","€600,945","The scientific research project submitted to the ERC intends to examine the creation of the French political science lexicon from a linguistic point of view. Most of the Political science vocabulary that the French language uses today comes from the translations from Latin and Greek into French during the 14th and 15th centuries. Historians and philosophers have noticed that the 14th century is an essential period for neologisms in the political science field. But no scientific research has been",{"id":458,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":459,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":298,"abstract":460},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210078","Scanning Microscopy using Active Resonating nanoTips","This SMART application proposes a technological breakthrough in the field of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). It aims at introducing Micro\u002FNano Electromechanical Systems (MNEMS) as a new generation of AFM probes having outstanding performances in terms of sensitivity and acquisition rate. More precisely, we aim at using bulk mode microresonators to drive an oscillating nanotip in the GHz range. Many applications are expected in the emerging fields of nanobiosciences. AFM systems have been widely u",{"id":462,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":463,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":464,"abstract":465},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209035","Early Earth evolution: chemical differentiation vs. mantle mixing","€453,286","Although short-lived chronometers have yielded a precise chronology of the Early Earth differentiation, there is insufficient data available on the chemical fractionation related to these processes to model the Early Earth’s differentiation. 142Nd isotope data suggest that a reservoir enriched in rare earth elements (REE) has existed since 4.53 Ga, but has not been sampled since its formation. A key question is whether such a reservoir could remain hidden for more than 4.5 Gyr in the convective ",{"id":467,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":468,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":10,"abstract":469},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203441","Novel Lipid Biomarkers from Polar Ice: Climatic and Ecological Applications","It is widely acknowledged that polar sea ice plays a critical role in global climate change. As such, sea ice reconstructions are of paramount importance in establishing climatic evolution of the geological past. In the current project, some well characterised organic chemicals (biomarkers) from microalgae will be used as proxy indicators of current and past sea ice in the Arctic and Antarctic regions. These biomarkers, so-called highly branched isoprenoids (HBIs), possess a number of characteri",{"id":471,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":472,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":376,"abstract":473},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209241","Bioapplications of Metal Organic Frameworks","This project will focus on the use of nanoporous metal organic frameworks (Fe, Zn, Ti) for bioapplications. These systems are exciting porous solids, built up from inorganic clusters and polycarboxylates. This results in open-framework solids with different pore shapes and dimensions, and applications such as catalysis, separation and storage of gases. I have recently initiated the synthesis of new trivalent transition metal carboxylates. Among them, the metal carboxylates MIL-100 and MIL-101 (M",{"id":475,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":476,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":477,"abstract":478},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206978","Lattices in Computer Science","€822,000","A lattice is defined as the set of all integer combinations of $n$ linearly independent vectors in $\\R^n$. These geometrical objects possess a rich combinatorial structure that has attracted the attention of great mathematicians over the last two centuries. Lattices have an impressive number of applications in mathematics and computer science, from number theory and Diophantine approximation to complexity theory and cryptography. Over the last two decades, the computational study of lattices has",{"id":480,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":481,"piName":10,"institution":401,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":376,"abstract":482},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208702","Communication between Functional Molecules using Photocontrolled Ions","The goal of COMMOTION is to establish a strategy whereby functional molecular devices (e.g. photo-\u002Felectroactive) can communicate with one another in solution and in organized, self-assembled media (biotic and abiotic). Despite intense research, no single strategy has been shown to satisfactorily connect artificial molecular components in networks. This is perhaps the greatest hurdle to overcome if implementation of artificial molecular devices and sophisticated molecule-based arrays are to beco",{"id":484,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":485,"piName":10,"institution":486,"country":487,"year":12,"amount":488,"abstract":489},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201667","Oncolytic adenoviruses expressing monoclonal antibody trastuzumab for treatment of Her-2+ cancer","HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO","FI","€1,622,360","Metastatic breast, ovarian, gastric and esophageal cancer are currently incurable and therefore require new and innovative treatment approaches. The objective of this project is to construct oncolytic adenoviruses that code for trastuzumab (HerceptinR), a monoclonal antibody against tumor associated receptor Her2. Intravenous trastuzumab is already widely used for treatment of Her2+ breast cancer, and is being actively studied for other tumor types that frequently feature Her2 amplification, inc",{"id":491,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":492,"piName":10,"institution":486,"country":487,"year":12,"amount":493,"abstract":494},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205905","Spatial ecology: bringing mathematical theory and data together","€1,501,421","The goal of my research plan is to make fundamental progress in the understanding of the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of populations inhabiting the heterogeneous and changing landscapes of the real world. To reach this goal, I will construct general and mathematically rigorous theories and develop novel statistical approaches linking the theories to data. In the mathematical part of the project, I will construct and analyze spatial and stochastic individual-based models formulated as spa",{"id":496,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":497,"piName":10,"institution":498,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":499,"abstract":500},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210908","Social Insurance and Welfare-to-Work Programs: Optimal Design and Structural Evaluation","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","€442,705","This project has three main goals. First, to improve the theoretical understanding of the design of optimal social insurance and Welfare-to-Work (WTW) programs. Second, to provide a new structural framework for the evaluation of existing policies. The framework is integrated and theory-based, but rich enough to allow a meaningful empirical analysis. It specifies in detail the economic environment (e.g., the available technologies and the informational asymmetries). The accurate specification of ",{"id":502,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":503,"piName":10,"institution":504,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":505,"abstract":506},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204486","Cell growth control by nutrients","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","€831,200","Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionary conserved protein kinase that integrates signals from growth factors, nutrients and cellular energy status to regulate cell proliferation, survival, growth and metabolism. mTOR functions have been inferred so far by employing rapamycin, an inhibitor that has therapeutical uses as immunosuppressive and anti cancer agent. However rapamycin is not a general mTOR inhibitor because mTOR is part of at least two distinct multiprotein complexes, on",{"id":508,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":509,"piName":10,"institution":504,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":510,"abstract":511},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210345","Subretinal Microglia accumulation play a decisive role in the development of Age-related Macular Degeneration","€1,560,000","Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in the Europe. New anti-angiogenic therapies of AMD do not treat the neurodegenerative aspect of AMD. Recent evidence suggests an implication of inflammatory mediators in AMD. We have focused our interest on the potential role of chemokines (Ch) and microglial cells (MC) in this condition. Our data concerning the chemokine receptor (CR) CX3CR1, indicates that (i) CR are expressed on MCs in human and mice; (ii) CR-positive",{"id":513,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":514,"piName":10,"institution":515,"country":201,"year":12,"amount":516,"abstract":517},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203083","Transcription Factor Dynamics in Living Cells at the Single Molecule Level","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","€1,335,000","Progress in bioengineering and biomedicine is limited by our inadequate understanding of genetic control systems in living cells. The lack of methods for studying kinetics and gene regulation in single cells seriously impairs our prospects to gain deeper insight to develop better quantitative models of such control systems. This project is focused on transcription factors (TFs), proteins that mediate gene regulation in all kingdoms of life. It aims at understanding how bacterial TFs coordinate t",{"id":519,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":520,"piName":10,"institution":521,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":522,"abstract":523},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201766","Light and complexity","CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE","€1,085,000","The project is aimed at funding a multi-disciplinary laboratory on nonlinear optics and photonics in soft-colloidal materials and on “complex lightwave systems”. A team of talented young researchers, divided among experiments, theory, parallel computation and nano-fabrication is involved. The proposed research will foster several breakthrough discoveries from soft-matter to biophysics, from nonlinear and integrated optics to the science of complexity and cryptography. The underlying vision is dr",{"id":525,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":526,"piName":10,"institution":521,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":527,"abstract":528},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203523","Breaking Inversion Symmetry in Magnets: Understand via THeory","€684,000","Multiferroics (i.e. materials where ferroelectricity and magnetism coexist) are presently drawing enormous interests, due to their technologically-relevant multifunctional character and to the astoundingly rich playground for fundamental condensed-matter physics they constitute. Here, we put forward several concepts on how to break inversion symmetry and achieve sizable ferroelectricity in collinear magnets; our approach is corroborated via first-principles calculations as tools to quantitativel",{"id":530,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":531,"piName":10,"institution":521,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":265,"abstract":532},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205004","Innovative compatible discretization techniques for Partial Differential Equations","Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) are one of the most powerful mathematical modeling tool and their use spans from life science to engineering and physics. In abstract terms, PDEs describe the distribution of a field on a physical domain. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is by large the most popular technique for the computer-based simulation of PDEs and hinges on the assumption that the discretized domain and field are represented both by means of piecewise polynomials. Such an isoparametric",{"id":534,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":535,"piName":10,"institution":521,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":169,"abstract":536},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202579","Leptin, metabolic state and natural regulatory T cells: cellular and molecular basis for a novel immune intervention in autoimmunity","Our Group has been investigating the cellular and molecular mechanisms involving leptin, the adipocyte-derived hormone, in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and multiple sclerosis (MS).We analyzed the serum and cerebro-spinal fluid (CSF) leptin secretion and the interaction between serum leptin and naturally occurring Foxp3+CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in naïve-to-therapy multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Leptin production was signif",{"id":538,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":539,"piName":10,"institution":521,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":540,"abstract":541},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200497","Mathematics for Shape Memory Technologies in Biomechanics","€700,000","Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) are nowadays widely exploited for the realization of innovative devices and have a great impact on the development of a variety of biomedical applications ranging from orthodontic archwires to vascular stents. The design, realization, and optimization of such devices are quite demanding tasks. Mathematics is involved in this process as a major tool in order to let the modeling more accurate, the numerical simulations more reliable, and the design more effective. Many m",{"id":543,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":544,"piName":10,"institution":521,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":376,"abstract":545},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207441","Development of Density Functional Theory methods for Organic Metal Interaction","First principles Density-Functional Theory (DFT) methods have been widely applied for computing electronic and optical properties of different systems. Recently theoretical modeling of metal-organic interfaces received a much attention due to their importance in different nanoscience fields. However, common (i.e. local and semi-local) approximations to the exchange-correlation (XC) functional of DFT show several shortcomings in describing metal-organic energy-levels alignment and thus charge-tra",{"id":547,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":548,"piName":10,"institution":549,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":20,"abstract":550},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202680","Low-probability, large fluctuations of the noise in detectors of gravitational waves","ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE","The search of gravitational waves requires astonishingly large and sensitive detectors, with displacement sensitivity approaching the limit set by the Uncertainty Principle. The displacement fluctuations that are continuously monitored by the detectors should follow a Gaussian distribution; on the contrary up to now any gravitational wave detector shows large fluctuations that cause low probability tails superimposing to the Gaussian distribution which is followed for most of the time, thus lowe",{"id":552,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":553,"piName":10,"institution":554,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":555,"abstract":556},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207354","Physics and Applications of Graphene","THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","€1,775,044","This proposal is based on the PI’s recent work in which a conceptually new class of materials – two dimensional atomic crystals – was discovered. Such crystals can be seen as individual atomic planes “pulled out” of bulk crystals and were previously presumed not to exist in the free state. Despite being only one atom thick and unprotected from the immediate environment, these materials can be extremely stable. The PI’s work has focused on graphene, a freestanding monolayer of graphite where carb",{"id":558,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":559,"piName":10,"institution":554,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":560,"abstract":561},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206080","Breathing chlorinated compounds: unravelling the biochemistry underpinning (de)halorespiration, an exciting bacterial metabolism with significant bioremediation potential","€1,148,522","Bacterial dehalorespiration is a microbial respiratory process in which halogenated hydrocarbons, from natural or anthropogenic origin, act as terminal electron acceptors. This leads to effective dehalogenation of these compounds, and as such their degradation and detoxification. The bacterial species, their enzymes and other components responsible for this unusual metabolism have only recently been identified. Unlocking the full potential of this process for bioremediation of persistent organoh",{"id":563,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":564,"piName":10,"institution":565,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":566,"abstract":567},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209622","Exoplanets and Early Earth Atmospheric Research: THeories and Simulations","UNIVERSITE DE BORDEAUX","€719,759","This program is dedicated to the simulation and characterization of Extrasolar Terrestrial Planet (ETP) atmospheres. Thanks to new generation codes, the team E3ARTHS aims to provide a top expertise in a key domain of astrobiology: the origin, evolution and identification of habitable worlds, and the quest for biomarkers on Earth-like planets. The team will also revisit early Earth models for a better understanding of the context of the origins of life, in the light of recent works on Earth forma",{"id":569,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":570,"piName":10,"institution":571,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":572,"abstract":573},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205442","Towards the optimization of hydrogen production by nitrogenase","UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID","€1,968,000","In nature, molecular hydrogen is produced by the hydrogenase and the nitrogenase enzymes. Nitrogenase reduces dinitrogen to ammonia and, in this process, it evolves hydrogen. Nitrogenase and hydrogenase are oxygen-sensitive enzymes. We chose to optimize a hydrogen production system based on nitrogenase for four reasons: some organisms carrying nitrogenase simultaneously perform photosynthesis and hydrogen evolution by nitrogenase (direct biophotolysis), thus harvesting solar energy and autonomou",{"id":575,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":576,"piName":10,"institution":577,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":578},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201312","The Effects of Aging on Object Representation in Visual Working Memory","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","One’s ability to remember visual material such as objects, faces, and spatial locations over a short period of time declines with age. The proposed research will examine whether these deficits are explained by a reduction in visual working memory (VWM) capacity, or an impairment in one’s ability to maintain, or ‘bind’ appropriate associations among pieces of related information. In this project successful binding is operationally defined as the proper recall or recognition of objects that are de",{"id":580,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":581,"piName":10,"institution":577,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":582,"abstract":583},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203427","Synchronous Linguistic and Visual Processing","€1,126,000","When humans process language, they rarely do so in isolation. Linguistic input often occurs synchronously with visual input, e.g., in everyday activities such as attending a lecture or following directions on a map. The visual context constrains the interpretation of the linguistic input, and vice versa, making processing more efficient and less ambiguous. Given the ubiquity of synchronous linguistic and visual processing, it is surprising that there is only a sparse experimental literature that",{"id":585,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":586,"piName":10,"institution":587,"country":588,"year":12,"amount":589,"abstract":590},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208561","Probing the relevance of carbene binding motifs in enzyme reactivity","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE DUBLIN, NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND, DUBLIN","IE","€1,249,808","Histidine (His) is an ubiquitous ligand in the active site of metalloenzymes that is assumed by default to bind the metal center through one of its nitrogen atoms. However, protonation of His, which is likely to occur in locally slightly acidic environment, gives imidazolium sites that can bind a metal in a carbene-type structure as found in N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. Such carbene bonding has a dramatic effect on the properties of the metal center and may provide a rational for the mode o",{"id":592,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":593,"piName":10,"institution":594,"country":146,"year":12,"amount":333,"abstract":595},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206283","Molecular dissection of inflammatory pathways","SEMMELWEIS EGYETEM","Inflammatory diseases are highly prevalent, often chronic diseases that cause diminished quality of life and are connected with major causes of death in Western societies. Despite their societal impact, their pathomechanism is incompletely understood, hindering development of novel therapeutic strategies. In particular, little is known about the intracellular signal transduction processes involved in the tissue destruction phase of aggressive autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. The",{"id":597,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":598,"piName":10,"institution":599,"country":180,"year":12,"amount":34,"abstract":600},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204509","Tracing Antimicrobial peptides and Pheromones in the Amphibian Skin","VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT BRUSSEL","Most studies on amphibian skin peptides have an explicit pharmacological focus, and the origin, diversity, and functional diversification of these molecules therefore remain poorly understood. Antimicrobial peptide research in amphibians has been restricted to relatively few closely related genera in a limited number of families. Furthermore, although behavioral tests indicate chemical communication during courtship in many amphibian species, only a single pheromone peptide has been characterize",{"id":602,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":603,"piName":10,"institution":604,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":605,"abstract":606},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206883","A comparative genomic analysis into the origin of metazoan multicellularity","UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA","€1,211,275","The emergence of multicellular organisms from single-celled ancestors is one of the most profound evolutionary steps in life’s history. However, and despite its importance, little is known about this pivotal evolutionary event. Interestingly, the emergence of multicellular organisms has occurred several times independently within the eukaryotes, such as in animals, fungi and plants. In this context, the super-group known as the Opisthokonts offers a unique evolutionary window to investigate the ",{"id":608,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":609,"piName":10,"institution":610,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":611,"abstract":612},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210922","Generative Models of Human Cognition","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA","€492,200","A fundamental issue in the study of human cognition is what computations are carried out by the brain to implement cognitive processes. The connectionist framework assumes that cognitive processes are implemented in terms of complex, nonlinear interactions among a large number of simple, neuron-like processing units that form a neural network. This approach has been used in cognitive psychology - often with some success – to develop functional models that clearly represent a great advance over p",{"id":614,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":615,"piName":10,"institution":616,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":617,"abstract":618},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205175","Uncovering the Secrets of an Earthquake: Multidisciplinary Study of Physico-Chemical Processes During the Seismic Cycle","ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI GEOFISICA E VULCANOLOGIA","€1,992,000","Southern Europe and Turkey lie within the highest seismic risk areas in the world. Understanding the physico-chemical processes controlling earthquake generation is essential in seismic hazard assessment. Destructive earthquakes nucleate at depth (10-15 km), therefore monitoring active faults at the Earth’s surface, or interpreting seismic waves, yields only limited information on earthquake mechanics.  We propose to investigate earthquake processes by: 1) installing a new world class high veloc",{"id":620,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":621,"piName":10,"institution":622,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":623,"abstract":624},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205027","Renal stem cells: possible role in kidney pathologies and as new theraputic tools","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI FIRENZE","€820,200","Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) affects 11% of the adult population and is considered by the WHO as one of the health emergencies of the 21st century. Although cell therapy might be beneficial for CKD, human stem cells that might be used to improve kidney function were so far unknown. Recently, we demonstrated the existence of resident stem cells in the urinary pole of the Bowman’s capsule of adult human kidney and therefore named as adult parietal epithelial multipotent progenitors (APEMP). Inject",{"id":626,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":627,"piName":10,"institution":628,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":629,"abstract":630},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202903","Microbiology of Dehalococcoides-like Chloroflexi","HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM FUR UMWELTFORSCHUNG GMBH - UFZ","€1,287,258","I propose to initiate research on a specific group of bacteria, here denominated as the “Dehalococcoides-like Chloroflexi”. This group of bacteria is formed by several cultivated strains of the genus Dehalococcoides and many sequences of uncultivated organisms mostly from marine sediment or subsurface locations. All together form one subphylum of the Chloroflexi. Bacteria of the Dehalococcoides-like Chloroflexi are of particular importance for two independent reasons: first, the subphylum contai",{"id":632,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":633,"piName":10,"institution":634,"country":201,"year":12,"amount":635,"abstract":636},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210675","The impact of mass media on public policy","STOCKHOLMS UNIVERSITET","€799,945","This project will study political economics issues, that is, how public policies are influenced by political considerations. The emphasis is on the mass media's role in shaping government policies. A smaller part will also analyze how different political institutions and economic outcomes influence policy and the impact of extreme weather events. The project will mainly be empirical, using statistical methods with a focus on identifying causal effects, rather than correlations. The study of medi",{"id":638,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":639,"piName":10,"institution":640,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":641,"abstract":642},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209636","Plasmonic cavity quantum electrodynamics with diamond-based quantum systems","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€1,712,342","This proposal aims to realize physical systems for the realization of plasmonic cavity quantum electrodynamics using optically active diamond-based quantum systems such as atomic impurities. Color centers in diamond provide a suitable test bed for applications of quantum information processing, as well as selected spin-spin interactions. While there are hundreds of known color centers in diamond, but only one (Nitrogen vacancy) is studied extensively. We will study optical properties and identif",{"id":644,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":645,"piName":10,"institution":640,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":646,"abstract":647},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208948","Nanotube Based Polymer Optoelectronics","€1,799,964","The target of this project is to develop a new class of polymer based optoelectronic devices embedding the optical and electronic functionalities of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). These devices will combine the fabrication advantages of polymer photonics, with the tunable active and passive optical properties of CNTs. This is an ambitious frontier research program, with a strong interdisciplinary nature, across engineering, physical, chemical and soft matter sciences. The ERC grant will consolidate th",{"id":649,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":650,"piName":10,"institution":640,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":651,"abstract":652},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204995","Thermal and compositional state of the Earth's inner core from seismic free oscillations","€1,202,744","The core, comprising the innermost parts of the Earth, is one of the most dynamic regions of our planet. The inner core is solid, surrounded by a liquid iron alloy. Inner core solidification combined with motions in the fluid outer core drive the geodynamo which generates Earth's magnetic field. Solidification of the inner core also supplies some of the heat that drives mantle convection and subsequently plate tectonics at the surface of the Earth. The thermal and compositional structure of the ",{"id":654,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":655,"piName":10,"institution":640,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":656,"abstract":657},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208813","Exploring mechanism in chemical biology by high-throughput approaches","€563,848","In the biomedical sciences, where endless combinatorial diversity of genes, proteins and synthetic molecules is involved, miniaturisation has not simply allowed an increase in the speed at which experiment can be performed: it has given birth to new areas such as combinatorial chemistry and biology, proteomics, genomics, and more recently, systems and synthetic biology. In all these areas, the synthesis, assay and analysis of large molecular ensembles has become the essence of experimental progr",{"id":659,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":660,"piName":10,"institution":661,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":662,"abstract":663},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200500","Orchestration of instinctive drives","MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL","€1,299,999","A major goal of 21st century science is to protect human health from the growing mismatch between ancient behavioural instincts and modern socio-economic reality. This is especially vital for basic instinctive drives such as appetite, which lead to overeating when food is readily available. The resulting obesity is responsible for 100,000s of premature deaths per year in Europe and North America, and this number is rapidly rising. Sleep is another powerful instinct which substantially contribute",{"id":665,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":666,"piName":10,"institution":640,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":229,"abstract":667},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205349","Towards symplectic Teichmueller theory","Over the last decade, homological algebra has entered symplectic topology, largely thanks to the appearance of Fukaya categories in homological mirror symmetry. Applications of these new methods and ideas are still scarce. We propose a fundamentally new approach to studying symplectic dynamics, by studying the action of the symplectic mapping class group on the complex manifold of stability conditions on its Fukaya category. This can be seen as a first attempt to generalise classical Teichmuelle",{"id":669,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":670,"piName":10,"institution":640,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":671},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208007","Mathematical Problems in General Relativity","The proposed project concerns the study of mathematical aspects of the general theory of relativity. Major unsolved problems in the area include the problem of nonlinear stability of black hole spacetimes and the problem of weak and strong cosmic censorship. Mathematically, these problems concern the global dynamics of solutions to the Einstein equations. Resolution of these problems is of fundamental importance both to our understanding of the nature of the theory of relativity and to our asses",{"id":673,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":674,"piName":10,"institution":640,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":675,"abstract":676},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202218","Conservation and Divergence of Tissue-Specific Transcriptional Regulation","€960,000","Vertebrates contain hundreds of different cell types which maintain phenotypic identity by a combination of epigenetic programming and genomic regulation. Systems biology approaches are now used in a number of laboratories to determine how transcription factors and chromatin marks pattern the human genome. Despite high conservation of the cellular and molecular function of many mammalian transcription factors, our recent experiments in matched mouse and human tissues indicates that most transcri",{"id":678,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":679,"piName":10,"institution":680,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":681,"abstract":682},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204279","Aberrant gene expression and muscular dystrophy: role of non-coding RNAs and alternative splicing in the pathogenesis and potential therapies","OSPEDALE SAN RAFFAELE SRL","€1,435,140","Our goal is to characterize the molecular pathogenesis of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) in order to develop possible therapeutic approaches. FSHD is the third most important myopathy. Currently, no therapeutic treatment is available for FSHD. Unlike the majority of genetic diseases, FSHD is not caused by mutation in a protein-coding gene. Instead, FSHD is the result of a complex epigenetic cascade activated by deletion of a 3.3 kb subtelomeric non-coding repeat (D4Z4) located on ",{"id":684,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":685,"piName":10,"institution":686,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":687,"abstract":688},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205557","Plasticity of the Empathic Brain: Structural and Functional MRI Studies on the Effect of Empathy Training on the Human Brain and Prosocial Behaviour","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€1,499,821","Social neuroscientists study the neural mechanisms underlying our capacity to understand our own and other people’s feelings. Despite neuroscientists’ advances in plasticity research and empathy research, little is known about cortical and behavioural plasticity in emotion understanding and empathy. Clearly, in today’s world, acquiring the capacity to effectively enhance empathy and prosocial behaviour is of the utmost importance. In the present project, we will investigate the malleability of e",{"id":690,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":691,"piName":10,"institution":686,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":692},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210949","Seismic Imaging of the Solar Interior using space-based data","The broad science objective of this proposal is to search for the root causes of solar magnetic activity by establishing connections and physical relationships between internal solar properties and the various components of magnetic activity in the solar interior and atmosphere. The physical processes inside the Sun are best studied with helioseismology, i.e. the observation and interpretation of solar seismic waves. Helioseismology is on the verge of a revolution with (1) the development of new",{"id":694,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":695,"piName":10,"institution":686,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":56,"abstract":696},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205537","Attosecond Dynamics On Interfaces and Solids","New insight into ever smaller microscopic units of matter as well as in ever faster evolving chemical, physical or atomic processes pushes the frontiers in many fields in science. Pump\u002Fprobe experiments turned out to be the most direct approach to time-domain investigations of fast-evolving microscopic processes. Accessing atomic and molecular inner-shell processes directly in the time-domain requires a combination of short wavelengths in the few hundred eV range and sub-femtosecond pulse durati",{"id":698,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":699,"piName":10,"institution":686,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":700,"abstract":701},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203364","Elemental nitrogen oxidation – A new bacterial process in the nitrogen cycle","€1,450,673","The largest reservoir for nitrogen on earth is the atmosphere that contains 78 percent nitrogen gas. Until now the only known biological process interacting with elemental nitrogen is the bacterial reduction of nitrogen to ammonia for the build up of biomass (nitrogen fixation). This reaction requires energy and is only carried out in the absence of other nitrogen sources, such as ammonia or nitrate. Thermodynamically, the oxidation of nitrogen to nitrate with oxygen releases reasonable amounts ",{"id":703,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":704,"piName":10,"institution":705,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":706,"abstract":707},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208703","A systems-level understanding of the novel principle in early mammalian development","EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY","€1,150,000","Early mammalian development is a unique process creating an extraembryonic structure. Despite its importance for understanding mammalian development and direct relevance to clinical practice, the mechanism underlying polarity establishment in the mammalian embryo has long been elusive. One of the major obstacles is the lack of description in molecular terms, since very few genes are known to specify the early lineages. Our recent studies provide a conceptual basis, suggesting that the mechanism ",{"id":709,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":710,"piName":10,"institution":686,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":711,"abstract":712},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200888","Massive Neutrinos: Investigating their Theoretical Origin and Phenomenology","€790,800","The aim of the proposed project is to shed light on the theoretical origin of neutrino masses and to explore the phenomenological consequences of the model predictions and of possible mechanisms giving rise to neutrino mass. The results of many upcoming experiments in the neutrino sector and beyond will be a crucial discriminator for models and will have to be followed closely. Apart from the usual neutrino oscillation observables, there are more model-dependent implications of neutrino mass mod",{"id":714,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":715,"piName":10,"institution":716,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":717,"abstract":718},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203475","Dynamics and stability of covalent protein modifications","CENTRE EUROPEEN DE RECHERCHE EN BIOLOGIE ET MEDECINE","€1,239,400","One of the major goals of post-genomic biological research is to understand the molecular basis and physiological role of covalent protein modifications. Post-transcriptional modifications can regulate protein interactions and\u002For stability and thus trigger particular downstream responses. A major challenge is to understand how modifications of histone proteins are translated into changes in gene expression and chromatin structure and how they regulate genome function. However, the significance o",{"id":720,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":721,"piName":10,"institution":686,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":722,"abstract":723},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208516","Quantifying and modelling pathways of soil organic matter as affected by abiotic factors, microbial dynamics, and transport processes","€946,800","Soils play a critical role in the coupled carbon-cycle climate system. However, our scientific understanding of the role of soil biological-physicochemical interactions and of vertical transport for biogeochemical cycles is still limited. Moreover the representation of soil processes in current biosphere models operating at global scale is crude compared to vegetation processes like photosynthesis. Hence, the general aim of this project is to improve our understanding of the key interactions bet",{"id":725,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":726,"piName":10,"institution":686,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":727,"abstract":728},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207634","Collective and cell-autonomous dynamics of the genetic oscillators of the segmentation clock in zebrafish somitogenesis","€1,550,000","The subdivision of the vertebrate embryo into repeating segments called somites, from which the muscles and bones will grow, is one of the oldest problems in developmental biology, recognized by Malpighi in the 1600s. This proposal focuses on the composition, function and dynamics of a population of genetic oscillators (termed the segmentation clock) that couples the spatial elongation of the embryo with the serial formation of somites. The research proposal outlines molecular, cellular, embryol",{"id":730,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":731,"piName":10,"institution":732,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":733,"abstract":734},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208237","The Function of inflammatory signalling pathways in acute and chronic liver disease and liver cancer","UNIVERSITAETSKLINIKUM AACHEN","€1,600,356","The aim of this proposal is to examine the role of inflammatory signalling pathways in murine models of liver and biliary disease by application of conditional gene targeting using cre\u002FloxP technology. Previous studies have provided evidence that the NF-kB pathway and its activating kinase complex – consisting of three subunits: IKK1, IKK2 and NEMO – are crucial regulators of liver physiology and pathology, but their differential, cell specific functions in the liver are currently only poorly un",{"id":736,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":737,"piName":10,"institution":738,"country":180,"year":12,"amount":10,"abstract":739},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200758","How anxiety transforms human cognition: an Affective Neuroscience perspective","UNIVERSITEIT GENT","Anxiety, a state of apprehension or fear, may provoke cognitive or behavioural disorders and eventually lead to serious medical illnesses. The high prevalence of anxiety disorders in our society sharply contrasts with the lack of clear factual knowledge about the corresponding brain mechanisms at the origin of this profound change in the appraisal of the environment. Little is known about how the psychopathological state of anxiety ultimately turns to a medical condition. The core of this propos",{"id":741,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":742,"piName":10,"institution":743,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":744,"abstract":745},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208162","Spin currents in magnetic nanostructures","JOHANNES GUTENBERG-UNIVERSITAT MAINZ","€1,610,786","MaSpic will create an autonomous team at the University of Konstanz to investigate the interaction between magnetization, spin - polarized and pure diffusive spin currents using novel instrumentation and innovative theoretical approaches. A thorough understanding of the fundamental charge and spin transport interaction mechanisms, key to use of the spin degree of freedom for Spintronics, will be developed. To understand the interplay between spin-polarized charge currents and magnetization confi",{"id":747,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":748,"piName":10,"institution":749,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":750,"abstract":751},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200808","Self-Modulating Neurons in the Cerebral Cortex: From Molecular Mechanisms to Cortical Network Activities","INSTITUT DU CERVEAU ET DE LA MOELLE EPINIERE","€996,000","In the mammalian brain, the neocortex is the site where sensory information is integrated into complex cognitive functions. This is accomplished by the activity of both principal glutamatergic neurons and locally-projecting inhibitory GABAergic interneurons, interconnected in complex networks. Inhibitory neurons play several key roles in neocortical function. For example, they shape sensory receptive fields and drive several high frequency network oscillations. On the other hand, defects in thei",{"id":753,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":754,"piName":10,"institution":755,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":756,"abstract":757},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206947","Genetic and ecological bases of host-parasite specificity","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","€988,860","Antagonistic coevolution between hosts and parasites, the reciprocal evolution of host defence and parasite counter-defence, has far-reaching consequences for evolutionary ecology, agriculture and medicine. It can drive patterns of biodiversity, population dynamics, the evolution of evolvability and parasite virulence. However, the impact of coevolution on these processes is crucially dependent on the specificity of the interaction between host and parasite. That is, do parasite genotypes specia",{"id":759,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":760,"piName":10,"institution":755,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":761,"abstract":762},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200733","Exploring applications of spatial-map and velocity-map imaging mass spectrometry","€1,499,969","Our aim is to develop a next-generation mass spectrometer with unique imaging capabilities. For each mass, the new instrument will image the complete velocity or spatial distribution of the ions at their point of formation. The velocity distributions of fragment ions are highly sensitive to the detailed dynamics of the fragmentation process, such that in velocity imaging mode the new instrument will provide a powerful alternative to conventional tandem mass spectrometry approaches for fragmentat",{"id":764,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":765,"piName":10,"institution":755,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":265,"abstract":766},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204083","Effective methods in rigid and crystalline cohomology","The purpose of the project is to develop methods for computing with the rigid and crystalline cohomology of varieties over finite fields. The project will focus on two main problems. First, the fast computation of the Galois action. Second, the effective computation of the cycle class map, and the inverse problem of explicitly recovering algebraic cycles from Galois-invariant cohomology classes (c.f. the Tate conjecture). Research on the first problem would be a natural extension of on-going wor",{"id":768,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":769,"piName":10,"institution":755,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":333,"abstract":770},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206148","Bridging continents across the sea: Multi-disciplinary perspectives on the emergence of long-distance maritime contacts in prehistory","The role of the sea in drawing together peoples and cultures from distant places and continents in the historical period is readily apparent from textual sources and archaeological remains. In particular, and in contrast to the Atlantic, for example, which has served as a formidable natural barrier to east-west movement and migration, both the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean have served as important zones of interaction and trade, across which populations have migrated and mixed for at least ",{"id":772,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":773,"piName":10,"institution":755,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":774,"abstract":775},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200915","Genetic Record of Atmospheric Carbon dioxidE (GRACE)","€1,652,907","Two key variables, temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide (pCO2), define the sensitivity of the Earth’s climate system. The geological record provides our only evidence of the past climate sensitivity of the Earth system, but there is no direct quantitative measure of pCO2 or temperature beyond the 650 kyr extent of the Antarctic ice cores. The reconstruction of past climate, on timescales of millions of years, relies on the analysis of chemical or isotopic proxies in preserved shells or org",{"id":777,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":778,"piName":10,"institution":755,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":779,"abstract":780},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204513","Flight dynamics and control of birds and insects","€1,954,565","Insects bristle with sensors, but how do they exploit this rich sensory information to achieve their extraordinary stability and manoeuvrability? Bird and insect wings deform in flight, and have passively deployable structures such as feathers and flaps, but how do they exploit these features when aircraft designers shy away from aeroelasticity? Birds fly without a vertical tailfin, but how do they maintain yaw stability when most aircraft require one to fly safely? Questions such as these drive",{"id":782,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":783,"piName":10,"institution":784,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":785,"abstract":786},"cordis-european-research-council-award-211078","Human reaching and grasping - cognitive networks of visual action control","EBERHARD KARLS UNIVERSITAET TUEBINGEN","€1,120,440","Cognitive Neuroscience throughout the last decade was dominated by a two stream model of visual processing. A ventral pathway was presumed to be dedicated to perception-related processing. A dorsal pathway was presumed to be dedicated to action-related processing. The proposed project challenges this view combining neuroimaging and neuropsychological methods. Neuroimaging in healthy humans allows for a view on correlated activity of the intact perception-action system, patients with visuomotor d",{"id":788,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":789,"piName":10,"institution":784,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":790},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208417","Non-classical interacting random walks","The proposed project deals with various topics in the area of random walks (RWs) which interact with their own history and\u002For a possibly non-homogeneous, random environment. Such models arise from physics and other natural sciences as simplified models of complex phenomena and have recently attracted a lot of attention. They include: (a) Self-interacting RWs, i.e. RWs with memory, for example excited RWs, self-avoiding RWs, and RWs arising from two dimensional statistical mechanics models like L",{"id":792,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":793,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":795,"abstract":796},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203143","Multimodal Analysis of Human Nonverbal Behaviour in Real-World Settings","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","€1,736,800","Existing tools for human interactive behaviour analysis typically handle only deliberately displayed, exaggerated expressions. As they are usually trained only on series of such exaggerated expressions, they lack models of human expressive behaviour found in real-world settings and cannot handle subtle changes in audiovisual expressions typical for such spontaneous behaviour. The main aim of MAHNOB project is to address this problem and to attempt to build automated tools for machine understandi",{"id":798,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":799,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":800,"abstract":801},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210346","Instant SLAM: Ultimate Performance in Visual Localisation and Mapping","€1,613,659","In recent breakthrough work at the boundary of robotics and computer vision, I demonstrated that the core `Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping' (SLAM) approach of probabilistic map-building for mobile robots can be applied to real-time 3D motion estimation from the image stream from a single agile camera. Now I propose to take this line of research to its logical conclusion by investigating a paradigm of `Instant SLAM'. Can monocular visual SLAM be pushed far enough to estimate in real-time th",{"id":803,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":804,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":805,"abstract":806},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206807","Bio-Inspired Materials for Sensing and Regenerative Medicine","€1,643,021","Materials with nanometre-scale dimensions have unique functional properties that can lead to novel engineering systems with highly useful characteristics. Most traditional approaches to synthesis of nanoscale materials, unlike those in biology, require stringent conditions and often produce toxic byproducts. Within biology itself, biomaterials are highly organized from the molecular to the nanoscale, with intricate architectures that allow for optimum functionality. The focus for this proposal o",{"id":808,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":809,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":20,"abstract":810},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208650","New science for European ps time-resolved Laue X-ray diffraction","I pursue the study of molecular reaction dynamics of biomolecules mostly in the non-coherent time-regime using spectroscopic and X-ray structural techniques. In recent years, breakthroughs in the field of pump-probe X-ray crystallographic structure determination of reaction intermediates of light-sensitive proteins have generated much excitement. These experiments provide insight of key Biological importance and marry structural observations with spectroscopic studies to understand molecular rea",{"id":812,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":813,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":814,"abstract":815},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210356","Development of mass spectrometric techniques for 3D imaging and in-vivo analysis of biological tissues","€1,750,000","Recent development of atmospheric pressure desorption ionization methods has opened a unique area of application for analytical mass spectrometry. Most of these methods do not require any modification of samples, and this feature, together with the minimal invasiveness of these methods allows direct analytical interrogation of biological tissues, even the real-time, in-vivo observation of biochemical processes. The proposed research focuses on the development of atmospheric pressure desorption i",{"id":817,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":818,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":819,"abstract":820},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201249","Engineering zinc fingers to target cancer hub genes","€1,327,689","For the last ten years, protein engineering technologies have been developed to make zinc finger peptides to recognise a wide variety of user-defined DNA sequences. This has enabled the construction of synthetic transcription factors that can upregulate or repress target genes at will. More recently, synthetic zinc fingers have been linked to nucleases to direct double stranded breaks at desired loci within genomes. These breaks increase the efficiency of homologous recombination so that, by pro",{"id":822,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":823,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":824,"abstract":825},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204853","Partial Behaviour Modelling: A Foundation for Incremental and Iterative Model-Based Software Engineering","€1,366,450","Software systems are amenable to analysis through the construction of behaviour models. This corresponds to the traditional engineering approach to construction of complex systems. The advantage of using behaviour models to describe systems is that they are cheaper to develop than the actual system. Consequently, they can be analysed and mechanically checked for properties in order to detect design errors early in the development process and allow cheaper fixes. Although behaviour modelling and ",{"id":827,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":828,"piName":10,"institution":794,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":829,"abstract":830},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202337","Coordination of DNA replication and DNA repair at single-forks: the role of the Smc5-Smc6 complex in replication fork stalling and resumption","€893,396","DNA replication represents a dangerous moment in the life of the cell as endogenous and exogenous events challenge genome integrity by interfering with the progression, stability and restart of the replication fork. Failure to protect stalled forks or to process the replication fork appropriately contribute to the pathological mechanisms giving rise to cancer, therefore an understanding of the intricate mechanisms that ensure fork integrity can provide targets for new chemotherapeutic assays. Sm",{"id":832,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":833,"piName":10,"institution":834,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":835,"abstract":836},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204522","A Novel Level for the Regulation of Eukaryotic Gene Expression: Coupling Transcription to Translation","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€899,713","Eukaryotic gene expression is a highly regulated, fundamental cellular process encompassing distinct steps such as transcription, mRNA processing and nuclear export, translation and degradation of the mRNA. In this project a novel level in the regulation of gene expression will be analyzed. We propose that transcription and the correct processing as well as packaging of the newly synthesized mRNA into an mRNP control the translation of this mRNA in the cytoplasm thus coupling intranuclear events",{"id":838,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":839,"piName":10,"institution":840,"country":146,"year":12,"amount":315,"abstract":841},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208740","QCD thermodynamics on the lattice","EOTVOS LORAND TUDOMANYEGYETEM","Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) at finite temperature and non-zero density describes phenomena relevant to the early universe and heavy-ion collisions. The applicability of perturbation theory is limited to large temperatures and densities. We plan to use lattice simulations to study QCD thermodynamics. There are different regularizations of QCD on the lattice. The computationally most effective one is the staggered formulation, while Wilson or chiral fermions are theoretically more established. We",{"id":843,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":844,"piName":10,"institution":840,"country":146,"year":12,"amount":265,"abstract":845},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208319","Intramolecular force mapping of enzymes in action: the role of strain in motor mechanisms","A fundamental but unexplored problem in biology is whether and how enzymes use mechanical strain during their functioning. It is now evident that the knowledge of atomic structures and chemical interactions is not sufficient to understand the intricate mechanisms underlying enzyme specificity and efficiency. Several lines of evidence suggest that mechanical effects play crucial roles in enzyme activity. Therefore we aim to create detailed force maps that reveal how the intramolecular distributio",{"id":847,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":848,"piName":10,"institution":849,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":850,"abstract":851},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207901","Laser based photoemission: revolutionizing the spectroscopy of correlated electrons","UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE","€1,450,825","It is proposed to develop a novel instrument for angular resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) by combining a laser based ultraviolet light source with a state-of-the-art electron spectrometer. This combination will be unique in Europe and will push this important technique to an entirely new level of resolution, comparable to the thermal broadening at 1 K and nearly an order of magnitude lower than the resolution achievable in practical ARPES experiments with the latest synchrotron light ",{"id":853,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":854,"piName":10,"institution":849,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":10,"abstract":855},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206173","Growth control by the TOR signalling network","The Target Of Rapamycin (TOR) kinases reside in two distinct multi-protein complexes: TOR Complex 1 (TORC1), and TORC2. These two complexes are conserved among eukaryotes and function in signalling pathways that regulate different aspects of cell growth. By exploiting the facile genetics of the model eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae, my lab aims to flesh out details of the TOR signalling network with the ultimate goal of understanding how cell, organ and organism growth is regulated. Specifica",{"id":857,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":858,"piName":10,"institution":859,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":376,"abstract":860},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208589","Biological ions in the gas-phase: New techniques for structural characterization of isolated biomolecular ions","UNIVERSITY OF YORK","Recent intensive research on the laser spectroscopy of neutral gas-phase biomolecules has yielded a detailed picture of their structures and conformational preferences away from the complications of the bulk environment. In contrast, work on ionic systems has been sparse despite the fact that many important molecular groups are charged under physiological conditions. To address this probelm, we have developed a custom-built laser spectrometer, which incorporates a distincitive electrospray ionis",{"id":862,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":863,"piName":10,"institution":864,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":865,"abstract":866},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206653","The Role of Lymphatic Vessels in Dendritic Cell Homing and Maturation","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE","€1,730,966","Dendritic cell (DC) activation and homing from the periphery to lymph nodes is a critical first event in the immune response. It involves upregulation of the chemokine receptor CCR7 and chemoinvasion towards lymphatic vessels. Despite its critical importance in adaptive immunity, the mechanisms of DC migration towards and entry into lymphatics are still poorly understood; this severely limits new therapeutic strategies for immunomodulation and even strategies for treating lymphedema, which is ex",{"id":868,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":869,"piName":10,"institution":864,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":870,"abstract":871},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209321","Ultra-high-Q Physics: Towards single molecules and phonons","€1,332,000","The proposed research program builds on the previously developed ultra-high-Q monolithic micro-resonators by the applicant during his dissertation at the “California Institute of Technology”. These micro-resonators offer unprecedented confinement of light in micro-scale volumes for extended amounts of time and have opened many lab-on-chip applications ranging from nonlinear optics, quantum optics to biochemical sensing. This present proposal is concerned to use ultra-high-Q optical micro-cavitie",{"id":873,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":874,"piName":10,"institution":875,"country":876,"year":12,"amount":877,"abstract":878},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207908","Cryptography on Non-Trusted Machines","UNIWERSYTET WARSZAWSKI","PL","€872,550","This project is about the design of cryptographic schemes that are secure even if implemented on not-secure devices. The motivation for this problem comes from an observation that most of the real-life attacks on cryptographic devices do not break their mathematical foundations, but exploit vulnerabilities of their implementations. This concerns both the cryptographic software executed on PCs (that can be attacked by viruses), and the implementations on hardware (that can be subject to the side-",{"id":880,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":881,"piName":10,"institution":882,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":883,"abstract":884},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202893","Studying Developmental, Neural, Cognitive and Affective Aspects of the Self in Humans","UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL","€791,549","This project will investigate the cognitive, affective, neural and developmental basis of the Human self. In particular it will investigate reflexive, unconscious aspects of the self, and how these impact upon Human cognition. The proposal seeks to employ cognitive neuroscience methods (EEG and fMRI) as well as other physiological markers (Galvanic Skin Response – GSR) together with studies on neuropsychological patients who have specific disorders of conscious processing of the world (visual ne",{"id":886,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":887,"piName":10,"institution":888,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":889,"abstract":890},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202735","Non-contact ultrasonics: new methods for large and small scale measurements","UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK","€1,599,810","Ultrasonic measurements have a wide range of applications, from non-destructive testing (NDT) on bridges, pipeline and railway track, to measurements of elastic constants of single crystals, whose properties are key to the development of new magnetoelastic devices. Traditional techniques require the transducers to be in physical contact with the sample, and non-contact ultrasonics (NCU) is attracting more interest. Improvements to NDT through the use of NCU are leading to new applications in hos",{"id":892,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":893,"piName":10,"institution":894,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":895,"abstract":896},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205660","Re-conceptualizing party democracy","UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN","€1,619,522","The aim of this project is to provide an empirical and theoretical re-conceptualization of political parties and party democracy. The challenge of democratic legitimacy faced by political parties in modern democracies derives principally from their deteriorating relationship with society, which has been accentuated by a growing disengagement of citizens from conventional party politics. However, whereas parties are conventionally being understood in terms of their linkages with society, this pro",{"id":898,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":899,"piName":10,"institution":900,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":901,"abstract":902},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203161","Models of genome evolution, phylogenomics and the tree of life","UNIVERSIDAD DE VIGO","€994,800","Understanding the evolution of all living organisms is one of the fundamental challenges in biology. The phylogenetic analysis of whole genomes has already proven very useful to decipher not only their history, but also their organization and function. Indeed, the accuracy of these inferences is intimately related to the quality of the models assumed. Despite important advances, models of genome evolution are still in its infancy, and more realistic models are needed to provide more precise and ",{"id":904,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":905,"piName":10,"institution":906,"country":201,"year":12,"amount":20,"abstract":907},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203952","Photochromic Systems for Solid State Molecular Electronic Devices and Light-Activated Cancer Drugs","CHALMERS TEKNISKA HOGSKOLA AB","Photochromic molecules, or photochromes, can be reversibly isomerized between two thermally stable forms by exposure to light of different wavelengths. Upon isomerization, properties such as excitation energies, redox properties, charge distribution, and structure experience significant changes. These changes can be harnessed to switch “on” or “off” the action of a variety of photophysical processes in the photochromic constructs, e.g., energy and electron transfer. Until now, the focus of my re",{"id":909,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":910,"piName":10,"institution":911,"country":26,"year":12,"amount":912,"abstract":913},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204979","Hamiltonian Partial Differential Equations: new connections between dynamical systems and PDEs with small divisors phenomena","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI FEDERICO II","€400,000","The aim of this project of 4 years is to create a research group on Hamiltonian Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) after my new arrival in the University Federico II of Naples as Associate Professor in november 2005. I plan to hire 2 post doc fellows and also to organize advanced research Schools and Workshops. I plan to develop a research group on Hamiltonian PDEs mainly studied by the point of view of Dynamical Systems Philosophy and of Calculus of Variations. Indeed the analysis of the mai",{"id":915,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":916,"piName":10,"institution":917,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":918,"abstract":919},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202706","Real-Time Observation of Biological Reactions Using Femtosecond 2D-IR Spectroscopy – Introducing SPRITES","UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE","€999,745","A fundamental question facing physical chemistry and biology is to determine the basic mechanisms by which biological molecules react and change structure. Ultrafast two dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy has emerged as an exciting new tool for probing the structure and dynamics of bio-systems. This proposal is the first concerted application of transient 2D-IR spectroscopy to answer pressing questions relating to reactions of biological systems. The unique combination of ultrafast time r",{"id":921,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":922,"piName":10,"institution":923,"country":146,"year":12,"amount":924,"abstract":925},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202591","Integrated evolutionary analyses of genetic and drug interaction networks in yeast","HUN-REN SZEGEDI BIOLOGIAI KUTATOKOZPONT","€1,280,000","The ability of cellular systems to adapt to genetic and environmental perturbations is a fundamental but poorly understood process both at the molecular and evolutionary level. There are both physiological and evolutionary reasonings why mutations often have limited impact on cellular growth. First, perturbations that hit one target often have no effect on the overall performance of a complex system (such as metabolic networks), as perturbations can be adjusted by reorganizing fluxes in metaboli",{"id":927,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":928,"piName":10,"institution":929,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":930,"abstract":931},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200475","Exceptional Materials via Ionic Liquids","RUHR-UNIVERSITAET BOCHUM","€999,848","Novel and improved nanomaterials with luminescent properties shall be synthesized in ionic liquids (ILs). In this approach the advantages of ionic liquids in nanoparticles synthesis (high nucleation rate, excellent electrosteric nanoparticles (NP) stabilization, morphology control, tunable properties) shall be combined with two unconventional synthesis methods that again take advantage of unique IL properties to obtain unprecedented compounds. Using a completely new and unconventional approach b",{"id":933,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":934,"piName":10,"institution":935,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":936,"abstract":937},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210007","Temporal Enhancement of Motor Performance Using Sensory Guides","THE QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY OF BELFAST","€860,924","Temporally controlling our movements to successfully perform an action (e.g. directing our eyes to read this text, picking up a pen, drinking from a cup) is something we do thousands of times a day, without thinking twice. Given that many of these actions are self-paced, (i.e. no perceptual timing cues are provided by the environment) prospective control has to be determined by intrinsic neural mechanisms. How is prospective information for temporal control represented in the brain? What happens",{"id":939,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":940,"piName":10,"institution":941,"country":344,"year":12,"amount":10,"abstract":942},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204135","Determinants of mammalian transcription start site selection and core promoter usage","KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET","Understanding the mechanisms underlying the initiation and regulation of transcription remains one of the most fundamental questions in biology. Much of what we know about the transcription process was inferred from experiments on a handful of genes. As these experiments are not realistically scalable, corresponding computational methods building on these findings have emerged; however, these are not accurate enough for annotation of genomes. The limitations reflect that we have no accurate univ",{"id":944,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":945,"piName":10,"institution":946,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":947,"abstract":948},"cordis-european-research-council-award-206994","Reconciling Biodiversity and Development through Direct Payments for Conservation","UNIVERSITY OF EAST ANGLIA","€1,027,633","This project will help to meet the vital need for empirical research into the theory and practice of Payments for Environmental Services (PES). PES approaches to conservation have become rapidly more popular in the last few years, driven by compelling evidence of their effectiveness compared with indirect approaches to financing conservation. This research will exploit a current opportunity to build robust research protocols into the initial design of a PES scheme, thus allowing credible researc",{"id":950,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":951,"piName":10,"institution":952,"country":174,"year":12,"amount":953,"abstract":954},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203613","A European Approach to Conflict Resolution? Institutional Learning and the ESDP","THE UNIVERSITY COURT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ABERDEEN","€1,019,264","To what extent can international institutions learn? What factors determine whether such institutions develop capacities for self-awareness and endogenous institutional change? This project investigates these questions in the context of the European Union (EU). Specifically, it examines the dramatic expansion in security missions led by the EU since 2003, a capacity that many observers doubted was even possible for the EU. To explain this change in institutional behaviour, the project intends to",{"id":956,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":957,"piName":10,"institution":958,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":959,"abstract":960},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210355","Studies of neurosecretion by remote control of exocytosis and endocytosis with ligt","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE BIOENGINYERIA DE CATALUNYA","€1,338,000","Optical switches are photoisomerizable compounds that allow to remotely controlling the activity of proteins, cells and entire organisms with light. These tools are revolutionizing research in biology with their high selectivity and spatiotemporal resolution. Here we propose to develop and apply optical switches to investigate the fundamental processes of secretion, exocytosis and endocytosis, in a way that is non-invasive, acute, and orthogonal to pharmacological and electrophysiological techni",{"id":962,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":963,"piName":10,"institution":964,"country":487,"year":12,"amount":965,"abstract":966},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203636","Physically-based Virtual Acoustics","AALTO KORKEAKOULUSAATIO SR","€880,224","The objective of the project is to find new methods for quality evaluation and modeling of room acoustics. Room acoustics has been studied over 100 years, but, e.g., the relation between objective attributes and subjective measures is not fully understood yet. This project will develop novel methods to simulate and auralize sound propagation in rooms, in particular in concert halls. The research is divided into three main topics. First, authentic auralization with physically-based room acoustics",{"id":968,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":969,"piName":10,"institution":970,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":112,"abstract":971},"cordis-european-research-council-award-205693","numerical geometric abstraction : from bits to equations","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","3D geometric objects play a central role in many industrial processes (modeling, scientific visualisation, numerical simulation). However, since the raw output of acquisition mechanisms cannot be used directly in these processes, converting a real object into its numerical counterpart still involves a great deal of user intervention. Geometry Processing is a recently emerged, highly competitive scientific domain that studies this type of problems. The author of this proposal contributed to this ",{"id":973,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":974,"piName":10,"institution":970,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":376,"abstract":975},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204742","GOSSPLE: A Radically New Approach to Navigating the Digital Information Universe","Over the past decade, distributed computing has experienced a dramatic scale shift, with respect to size, geographical spread and volume of data. Meanwhile, Internet has moved into homes, creating tremendous opportunities to exploit the huge amount of resources at the edge of the network. Search engines that navigate this universe are astonishingly powerful and rely on sophisticated tools to scan and index the network. However, the network contains far more than just the pages such systems can i",{"id":977,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":978,"piName":10,"institution":979,"country":152,"year":12,"amount":980,"abstract":981},"cordis-european-research-council-award-208528","Deeply Supercooled Liquid Water","UNIVERSITAET INNSBRUCK","€1,389,238","Water is ubiquitous and so an understanding of water’s anomalous liquid state is crucial for such diverse fields as protein biochemistry, meteorology or astrophysics. A postulated first order phase transition between two distinct one-component liquids at low temperatures is believed to be the key to many riddles in contemporary science: a “fragile” liquid of high density and a “strong” liquid of low density. At higher temperatures the phase boundary might end in a speculative second critical poi",{"id":983,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":984,"piName":10,"institution":985,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":129,"abstract":986},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202305","Iwasawa theory of p-adic Lie extensions","RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITAET HEIDELBERG","One of the most challenging topics in modern number theory is the mysterious relation between special values of L-functions and Galois cohomology: they are the “shadows” in the two completely different worlds of complex and p-adic analysis of one and the same geometric object, viz the space of solutions for a given diophantine equation over the integral numbers, or more generally a motive M. The main idea of Iwasawa theory is to study manifestations of this principle such as the class number for",{"id":988,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":989,"piName":10,"institution":985,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":34,"abstract":990},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204905","The Formation and Visualisation of the Social and Political Order of Princes in late Medieval Europe. A Comparative Study between the Empire and England","This project examines the formation and differentiation of princely elites in pre-modern European rank societies. The project concentrates on the late Middle Ages (1200–1500), a key period in these processes, with geographic focus on the Empire and England. In both polities new princely elites emerged during this period. Yet, they did so in the context of the establishment of two different monarchical principles, the elective kingship in the Empire and the hereditary kingship in England. In the ",{"id":992,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":993,"piName":10,"institution":985,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":265,"abstract":994},"cordis-european-research-council-award-210680","Multiscale mathematical modelling of dynamics of structure formation in cell systems","The aim of this transdisciplinary project is to develop and analyse multiscale mathematical models of pattern formation in multicellular systems controlled by the dynamics of intracellular signalling pathways and cell-to-cell communication and to develop new mathematical methods for the modelling of such complex processes. This aim will be achieved through a close collaboration with experimental groups and comprehensive analytical investigations of the mathematical problems arising in the modell",{"id":996,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":997,"piName":10,"institution":985,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":10,"abstract":998},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202499","Experimental Linear Optics Quantum Information Processing with Atoms and Photons","Quantum information science and atom optics are among the most active fields in modern physics. In recent years, many theoretical efforts have been made to combine these two fields. Recent experimental progresses have shown the in-principle possibility to perform scalable quantum information processing (QIP) with linear optics and atomic ensembles. The main purpose of the present project is to use atomic qubits as quantum memory and exploit photonic qubits for information transfer and processing",{"id":1000,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1001,"piName":10,"institution":1002,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":1003,"abstract":1004},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201900","Identifying novel regulatory mechanisms of miRNA functions","STICHTING HET NEDERLANDS KANKER INSTITUUT-ANTONI VAN LEEUWENHOEK ZIEKENHUIS","€1,349,760","microRNAs (miRNAs) are master regulators of gene expression capable of defining and altering cell identity. Because of their potency, small size, simple mode of action (target recognition through a Watson-Crick type of base pairing) and the possibility to inhibit them in vivo, miRNAs are valuable therapeutic targets. Recently, we have used novel functional-genetic screening approaches and identified the miR-372, 373 and 520, as well as the miR-221&222 family as cancerous miRNAs. These miRNAs are",{"id":1006,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1007,"piName":10,"institution":1008,"country":111,"year":12,"amount":1009,"abstract":1010},"cordis-european-research-council-award-202819","Small RNA Mediated Epigenetics in Vertebrates","INSTITUT FUR MOLEKULARE BIOLOGIE GGMBH","€970,000","Since the discovery of RNAi small RNA molecules have been under intense study. They have been shown to impact many different processes, ranging from development to organ function and carcinogenesis. Recently, it has become clear that many distinct small RNA families exist. However, all act through a member of the well-conserved Argonaute family of proteins. I try to understand how specificity of the different Argonaute proteins is achieved, and I am particularly interested in Argonautes that may",{"id":1012,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1013,"piName":10,"institution":1014,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":1015,"abstract":1016},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209700","4C technology: uncovering the multi-dimensional structure of the genome","KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN - KNAW","€1,225,000","The architecture of DNA in the cell nucleus is an emerging epigenetic key contributor to genome function. We recently developed 4C technology, a high-throughput technique that combines state-of-the-art 3C technology with tailored micro-arrays to uniquely allow for an unbiased genome-wide search for DNA loci that interact in the nuclear space. Based on 4C technology, we were the first to provide a comprehensive overview of long-range DNA contacts of selected loci. The data showed that active and ",{"id":1018,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1019,"piName":10,"institution":1020,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":1021,"abstract":1022},"cordis-european-research-council-award-209267","Percolating Entanglement and Quantum Information Resources through Quantum Networks","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE CIENCIES FOTONIQUES","€699,600","Quantum communication networks consist of several nodes that are connected by quantum channels. By exchanging quantum particles, the nodes share quantum correlations, also know as entanglement. Essential for the future development of quantum communication is to understand the design of efficient protocols for the distribution of entanglement between arbitrarily distant nodes. The main objective of the present proposal is to construct the theory of entanglement distribution through quantum networ",{"id":1024,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1025,"piName":10,"institution":1026,"country":19,"year":12,"amount":1027,"abstract":1028},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201749","Self assembly into biofunctional molecules, translating instructions into function","UNIVERSITE DE STRASBOURG","€1,249,980","The overall objective of the proposal is to develop enabling chemical technologies to address two important problems in biology: detect in a nondestructive fashion gene expression or microRNA sequences in vivo and, secondly, study the role of multivalency and spatial organization in carbohydrate recognition. Both of these projects exploit the programmable pre-organization of peptide nucleic acid (PNA) to induce a chemical reaction in the first case or modulate a ligand-receptor interaction in th",{"id":1030,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1031,"piName":10,"institution":1032,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":1033,"abstract":1034},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200403","Latin Philosophy into Hebrew: Intercultural Networks in 13th and 14th Century Europe","UNIVERSITAT AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA","€511,574","The intercultural networks between Arabic, Christian and Jewish communities of learning during the Middle Ages have played a decisive role in the evolution of Western thought and have helped to shape the European identity. Until now, scholarly research has focused almost exclusively on the transmission of Arabic philosophy and science into Latin. The influence of Latin texts on Jewish thought has been largely neglected. The goal of this project is to study how Latin-Christian texts written at To",{"id":1036,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1037,"piName":10,"institution":1038,"country":588,"year":12,"amount":1039,"abstract":1040},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200561","Novel Biomimetic Organocatalysts","THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN","€1,249,772","The primary aim of this project is to substantially expand the frontiers of current benchmark organocatalytic technology by the design, preparation and evaluation of the first class of thiol-based nucleophilic catalyst capable of emulating the action of NAD+-dependant enzymes such as aldehyde dehydrogenases, which promote the chemoselective oxidation\u002Freduction of aldehyde substrates under mild conditions in aqueous media. The proposed artificial enzymes are designed biomimetically (in the true s",{"id":1042,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1043,"piName":10,"institution":1044,"country":487,"year":12,"amount":1045,"abstract":1046},"cordis-european-research-council-award-200141","Quantifying Energy Circulation in Space Plasma","ILMATIETEEN LAITOS","€699,985","The project aims to quantify energy circulation in space plasmas. Scientifically, energy transfer is a fundamental plasma physical problem having many applications in a variety of plasma environments ranging from coronal heating on the Sun to electric heating in the ionosphere. Technologically, understanding the plasma and energy transport properties is a step toward predictions of the space environment needed for spacecraft design and operations. The space physics community lacks an accurate an",{"id":1048,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1049,"piName":10,"institution":1050,"country":85,"year":12,"amount":1051,"abstract":1052},"cordis-european-research-council-award-203247","Time Dependent String Theories and Cosmology","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€441,116","Great progress was made in recent years on two different fronts. Experimentally we have improved our understanding of cosmology to the level that we now have a standard model of cosmology. Perhaps the most exciting aspect of this model is the realization that most of the energy in the universe is made out of dark matter and dark energy which are not well understood. On the theoretical front string theory has been developed to the level that we now understand many non-perturbative aspects of the ",{"id":1054,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1055,"piName":10,"institution":1056,"country":55,"year":12,"amount":1057,"abstract":1058},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201853","Social and ethical aspects of digital identities. Towards a value sensitive identity management","STICHTING ZUYD HOGESCHOOL","€1,833,000","Digital identity management concerns the control of digitized information pertaining to a person. This type of information is usually referred to as `personal data’, or ‘personally identifiable information’. With digitisation and automation processes pervading virtually all aspects and domains of society, the routine registration of personal identifiable data is increasing exponentially. The implied risks and challenges to fundamental rights like privacy and non-discrimination are recognized on ",{"id":1060,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1061,"piName":10,"institution":1062,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":1063,"abstract":1064},"cordis-european-research-council-award-204072","Cosmology at the CERN Large Hadron Collider","ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE","€800,000","The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a 7 + 7 TeV proton-proton collider under completion at CERN, the European Laboratory for Particle Physics in Geneva, will take experiments into a new energy domain beyond the Standard Model of strong and electroweak interactions. As the LHC will unveil the mysteries of the electroweak symmetry breaking, this will also have far-reaching implications for cosmology. The aim of this project is to work out what we may learn about the Early Universe from discoveries at",{"id":1066,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1067,"piName":10,"institution":1068,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":265,"abstract":1069},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201067","The interaction and the genetic basis of naturally versus sexually selected traits in the adaptive radiations of cichlid fishes","UNIVERSITAT BASEL","The question of how variation in the DNA translates into organismal diversity has puzzled biologists for decades. Despite of recent advances in evolutionary and developmental biology, the molecular mechanisms that underlie diversification, adaptation and evolutionary innovation remain largely unknown. The exceptionally diverse species flocks of cichlid fishes in the East African Great Lakes are textbook examples for adaptive radiations, and emerge as excellent model systems to study the genetic ",{"id":1071,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1072,"piName":10,"institution":1068,"country":33,"year":12,"amount":1073,"abstract":1074},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207599","Coherence of Spins in Semiconductor Nanostructures","€1,377,000","Macroscopic control of quantum states is a major theme in much of modern physics because quantum coherence enables study of fundamental physics and has promising applications for quantum information processing. The potential significance of quantum computing is recognized well beyond the physics community. For electron spins in GaAs quantum dots, it has become clear that decoherence caused by interactions with the nuclear spins is a major challenge.   We propose to investigate and reduce hyperfi",{"id":1076,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1077,"piName":10,"institution":1078,"country":85,"year":12,"amount":20,"abstract":1079},"cordis-european-research-council-award-201177","Protein engineering for the study of detoxification enzymes and hub proteins","BEN-GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV","Proteins that exhibit broad specificity play important roles in different biological processes. These proteins include enzymes that catalyse the chemical transformation of many different substrates and proteins that bind to multiple protein partners. We propose to develop and apply novel directed evolution and chemical genetic methodologies for the study of proteins that exhibit broad specificity, with focus on cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs), which detoxify a broad range of xeno- and endobi",{"id":1081,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1082,"piName":10,"institution":1083,"country":208,"year":12,"amount":91,"abstract":1084},"cordis-european-research-council-award-207844","Molecular mechanisms of mature B cell lymphomagenesis","CENTRO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES CARDIOVASCULARES CARLOS III (F.S.P.)","Most of the lymphomas diagnosed in the western world are originated from mature B cells. The hallmark of these malignancies is the presence of recurrent chromosome translocations that usually involve the immunoglobulin loci and a proto-oncogene. As a result of the translocation event the proto-oncogene becomes deregulated under the influence of immunoglobulin cis sequences thus playing an important role in the etiology of the disease. Upon antigen encounter mature B cells engage in the germinal ",200,{"programme":8,"total":1087,"withPiName":1088,"firstYear":12,"lastYear":1089,"countryCount":1090,"perYear":1091,"topInstitutions":1150,"topCountries":1220},7919,572,2027,52,[1092,1094,1097,1100,1103,1106,1109,1112,1115,1118,1121,1124,1127,1130,1133,1136,1139,1142,1145,1148],{"year":12,"count":1093},279,{"year":1095,"count":1096},2009,157,{"year":1098,"count":1099},2010,302,{"year":1101,"count":1102},2011,447,{"year":1104,"count":1105},2012,524,{"year":1107,"count":1108},2013,456,{"year":1110,"count":1111},2014,297,{"year":1113,"count":1114},2015,366,{"year":1116,"count":1117},2016,376,{"year":1119,"count":1120},2017,419,{"year":1122,"count":1123},2018,582,{"year":1125,"count":1126},2019,393,{"year":1128,"count":1129},2020,384,{"year":1131,"count":1132},2021,394,{"year":1134,"count":1135},2022,514,{"year":1137,"count":1138},2023,512,{"year":1140,"count":1141},2024,473,{"year":1143,"count":1144},2025,482,{"year":1146,"count":1147},2026,556,{"year":1089,"count":1149},6,[1151,1153,1156,1159,1161,1164,1167,1170,1173,1176,1179,1181,1184,1187,1190,1193,1196,1199,1201,1203,1206,1208,1211,1214,1217],{"name":1152,"count":1132},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",{"name":1154,"count":1155},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",175,{"name":1157,"count":1158},"University of Cambridge",129,{"name":1160,"count":1158},"University of Oxford",{"name":1162,"count":1163},"Hebrew University of Jerusalem",112,{"name":1165,"count":1166},"University College London",110,{"name":1168,"count":1169},"Tel Aviv University",107,{"name":1171,"count":1172},"Weizmann Institute of Science",104,{"name":1174,"count":1175},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",87,{"name":1177,"count":1178},"Kobenhavns Universitet",85,{"name":1180,"count":1178},"Universiteit Gent",{"name":1182,"count":1183},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",84,{"name":1185,"count":1186},"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne",83,{"name":1188,"count":1189},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",82,{"name":1191,"count":1192},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",78,{"name":1194,"count":1195},"Universiteit Utrecht",76,{"name":1197,"count":1198},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",71,{"name":1200,"count":1198},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",{"name":1202,"count":1198},"Technische Universiteit Delft",{"name":1204,"count":1205},"Technion - Israel Institute of Technology",70,{"name":1207,"count":1205},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":1209,"count":1210},"Universiteit Leiden",69,{"name":1212,"count":1213},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",67,{"name":1215,"count":1216},"The University of Edinburgh",64,{"name":1218,"count":1219},"Helsingin Yliopisto",57,[1221,1223,1225,1227,1229,1230,1232,1234,1236,1238,1240,1242,1244,1246,1247,1250,1253,1256,1258,1261,1263,1266,1268,1271,1274],{"name":111,"count":1222},1346,{"name":174,"count":1224},1007,{"name":19,"count":1226},932,{"name":55,"count":1228},772,{"name":26,"count":1138},{"name":208,"count":1231},475,{"name":85,"count":1233},470,{"name":33,"count":1235},389,{"name":180,"count":1237},348,{"name":201,"count":1239},291,{"name":152,"count":1241},269,{"name":344,"count":1243},189,{"name":487,"count":1245},137,{"name":588,"count":1166},{"name":1248,"count":1249},"NO",108,{"name":1251,"count":1252},"PT",92,{"name":1254,"count":1255},"GB",68,{"name":876,"count":1257},60,{"name":1259,"count":1260},"CZ",43,{"name":67,"count":1262},41,{"name":1264,"count":1265},"US",36,{"name":146,"count":1267},32,{"name":1269,"count":1270},"TR",24,{"name":1272,"count":1273},"SI",14,{"name":1275,"count":1276},"EE",10]