[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-starting-grant-2017":3,"awarded-stats-erc-starting-grant":1098},{"awarded":4,"total":1097},[5,16,23,30,35,41,48,54,61,68,74,80,85,91,97,101,105,109,116,121,126,132,138,143,150,156,161,166,171,175,180,186,191,195,200,207,213,218,223,228,234,239,244,249,255,260,266,272,278,284,289,295,301,306,312,318,324,328,334,339,343,348,353,358,363,369,376,380,385,391,396,402,407,412,416,423,429,435,440,446,452,457,463,469,475,480,486,490,495,500,505,510,515,521,526,532,537,542,548,553,558,563,568,573,579,585,591,595,600,604,609,614,620,626,630,635,640,645,650,655,660,665,671,677,683,689,694,699,705,710,715,720,727,733,739,745,750,755,760,766,771,777,782,788,794,800,806,812,816,822,827,832,837,843,848,854,859,863,869,875,879,884,889,895,901,906,911,918,923,928,934,939,945,949,954,958,963,968,974,979,985,990,994,1000,1006,1011,1016,1022,1028,1033,1038,1044,1050,1056,1062,1068,1073,1079,1085,1091],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716718","European Research Council","ERC Starting Grant","Mucosal Tolerance and Allergic Predisposition: Does it all start in the gut?",null,"HELMHOLTZ ZENTRUM MUENCHEN DEUTSCHES FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FUER GESUNDHEIT UND UMWELT GMBH","DE",2017,"€1,498,175","Currently, more than 30% of all Europeans suffer from one or more allergic disorder but treatment is still mostly symptomatic due to a lack of understanding the underlying causality. Allergies are caused by type 2 immune responses triggered by recognition of harmless antigens. Both genetic and environmental factors have been proposed to favour allergic predisposition and both factors have a huge impact on the symbiotic microbiota and the intestinal immune system. Recently we and others showed th",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":21,"abstract":22},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715087","Calcium and magnesium metal anode based batteries","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","ES","€1,688,705","Li-ion battery is ubiquitous and has emerged as the major contender to power electric vehicles, yet Li-ion is slowly but surely reaching its limits and controversial debates on lithium supply cannot be ignored. New sustainable battery chemistries must be developed and the most appealing alternatives are to use Ca or Mg metal anodes which would bring a breakthrough in terms of energy density relying on much more abundant elements. Since Mg and Ca do not appear to be plagued by dendrite formation ",{"id":24,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":25,"piName":10,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":28,"abstract":29},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715311","Functional Proton-Electron Transfer Elements in Biological Energy Conversion","STOCKHOLMS UNIVERSITET","SE","€1,494,368","Primary energy conversion in nature is powered by highly efficient enzymes that capture chemical or light energy and transduce it into other energy forms. These processes are catalyzed by coupled transfers of protons and electrons (PCET), but their fundamental mechanistic principles are not well understood. In order to obtain a molecular-level understanding of the functional elements powering biological energy conversion processes, we will study the catalytic machinery of one of the largest and ",{"id":31,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":32,"piName":10,"institution":33,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":34},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714062","Closure of the Cloud Phase","KARLSRUHER INSTITUT FUER TECHNOLOGIE","Whether and where clouds consist of liquid water, ice or both (i.e. their thermodynamic phase distribution), has major impacts on the clouds’ dynamical development, their radiative properties, their efficiency to form precipitation, and their impacts on the atmospheric environment. Cloud ice formation in the temperature range between 0 and -37°C is initiated by aerosol particles acting as heterogeneous ice nuclei and propagates through the cloud via a multitude of microphysical processes. Enormo",{"id":36,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":37,"piName":10,"institution":38,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":39,"abstract":40},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714907","Multi-scale Star Formation Across Nascent Galaxies","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€1,499,629","One of the fundamental questions in modern astrophysics is how gas is converted into stars during galaxy formation, and how this may have changed with galactic environment and cosmic time. It is widely accepted that the unknown physics of star formation (SF) in molecular clouds and feedback from massive stars represent the main uncertainties in our understanding of galaxy formation. The key open questions are: which physical mechanisms govern the time-evolution of gas towards SF and its subseque",{"id":42,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":43,"piName":10,"institution":44,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":46,"abstract":47},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714532","Power of Algorithms in Discrete Optimisation","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","UK","€1,437,367","Convex relaxations, such as linear and semidefinite programming, constitute one of the most powerful techniques for designing efficient algorithms, and have been studied in theoretical computer science, operational research, and appliedmathematics. We seek to establish the power convex relaxations through the lens of, and with the extensions of methods designed for, Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs).Our goal is twofold. First, to provide precise characterisations of the applicability of co",{"id":49,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":50,"piName":10,"institution":51,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":52,"abstract":53},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759969","Algorithmic Verification of String Manipulating Programs","RHEINLAND-PFALZISCHE TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT","€1,496,687","String is among the most fundamental and commonly used data types in virtually all modern programming languages, especially with the rapidly growing popularity of scripting languages (e.g. JavaScript and Python). Programs written in such languages tend to perform heavy string manipulations, which are complex to reason about and could easily lead to programming mistakes. In some cases, such mistakes could have serious consequences, e.g., in the case of client-side web applications, cross-site scr",{"id":55,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":56,"piName":10,"institution":57,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":59,"abstract":60},"cordis-european-research-council-award-713998","Geometry of Metric groups","UNIVERSITE DE FRIBOURG","CH","€1,248,560","What are the best trajectories to park a truck with several trailers?How fast can a lattice grow? These are some of the questions studied in this project because both the infinitesimal control structure of movement of a truck and the asymptotic geometry of a (nilpotent) lattice are examples of metric groups: Lie groups with homogeneous distances.The PI plans to study  geometric properties of metric groups and their implications to control systems and nilpotent groups. In particular, the plan is ",{"id":62,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":63,"piName":10,"institution":64,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":66,"abstract":67},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714221","Interpreting Drawings for 3D Design","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","FR","€1,482,761","Designers draw extensively to externalize their ideas and communicate with others. However, drawings are currently not directly interpretable by computers. To test their ideas against physical reality, designers have to create 3D models suitable for simulation and 3D printing. However, the visceral and approximate nature of drawing clashes with the tediousness and rigidity of 3D modeling. As a result, designers only model finalized concepts, and have no feedback on feasibility during creative ex",{"id":69,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":70,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":72,"abstract":73},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715028","Origin of volatile elements in the inner Solar System","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€1,396,300","The objective of project VOLATILIS is to investigate the origin(s) of volatile elements on Earth and other planetary bodies in the inner Solar System. Since primitive and differentiated asteroids, planetary embryos, and the Earth-Moon system represent different stages of planet formation, studies of chondritic meteorites and samples from Vesta, Mars, the Moon, and Earth can provide constraints on the evolution of planetary volatiles from primordial to present-day compositions. However, indigenou",{"id":75,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":76,"piName":10,"institution":77,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":78,"abstract":79},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716867","Epilepsy Controlled with Electronic Neurotransmitter Delivery","UNIVERSITE D'AIX MARSEILLE","€1,636,250","Many efficient drugs have been designed to treat neurological disorders, but have failed in the clinic because they were toxic, could not cross the blood-brain barrier, and\u002For had deleterious side effects in healthy regions. I propose a conceptual breakthrough to solve these three issues, with minimally-invasive organic electronic ion pumps (OEIPs) to provide targeted treatment where and when it is needed. I will use epilepsy as the disease model because of its high rate of drug-resistance (30%)",{"id":81,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":82,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":83,"abstract":84},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759078","Into the Eastern Desert of Egypt from the New Kingdom to the Roman period","€1,499,844","The desert is a paradox: it is at the same time arid and rich in resources, a margin and an interface. Far from being a no man’s land, it is a social space of linked solidarities. The “Desert Networks” project aims to explore the reticular organisation of such a zone by focusing on the southern part of the Eastern Desert of Egypt. Located between the Nile and the Red Sea, it has always been a tantalizing region for Egypt and beyond. Its ancient remains are admirably preserved and ancient sources",{"id":86,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":87,"piName":10,"institution":88,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":90},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716628","Investigating fibROmuscular dysplasia and spontaneous coronary Artery dissection using genetic and functionaL genomics to decipher the origIN of two female specific cardiovascular Diseases","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","€1,500,000","Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is under-diagnosed and under-investigated specifically in women.  Clinical presentation of CVD is often different in women and the aetiology of some diseases is potentially triggered by specific female sex environmental factors (e.g hormonal cycles and pregnancy) and could result in a distinct physiopathology from men. This may apply to fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD) and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), two devastating arterial diseases that share clinic",{"id":92,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":93,"piName":10,"institution":94,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":95,"abstract":96},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715093","Electrostructural Tomography – Towards Multiparametric Imaging of Cardiac Electrical Disorders","UNIVERSITE DE BORDEAUX","€1,475,000","Cardiac electrical diseases are directly responsible for sudden cardiac death, heart failure and stroke. They result from a complex interplay between myocardial electrical activation and structural heterogeneity. Current diagnostic strategy based on separate electrocardiographic and imaging assessment is unable to grasp both these aspects. Improvements in personalised diagnostics are urgently needed as existing curative or preventive therapies (catheter ablation, multisite pacing, and implantabl",{"id":98,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":99,"piName":10,"institution":88,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":100},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759226","Molecular mechanisms of interferon-induced antiviral restriction and signalling","Interferons (IFNs), which are signalling proteins produced by infected cells, are the first line of defence against viral infections. IFNs induce, in infected and neighbouring cells, the expression of hundreds of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). The ISGs in turn induce in cells a potent antiviral state, capable of preventing replication of most viruses, including Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1) and influenza A virus (FLUAV). Identifying the antiviral ISGs and understanding their mechanis",{"id":102,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":103,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":104},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715933","Illuminating Neuronal-Astrocytic Pathways for Sleep homeostasis","Sleep is crucial to the brain’s remarkable regenerative and adaptive capabilities. Inadequate sleep is a pervasive problem that severely impairs brain function, productivity, and health. How the brain homeostatically senses sleep need and translates it into the intensified rebound sleep (RBS) that follows sleep deprivation (SD) still remains unclear. I aim to understand these mechanisms and to identify therapeutic targets that will promote consolidated, restorative sleep, enabling the developmen",{"id":106,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":107,"piName":10,"institution":38,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":108},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715900","Protection of Redox Catalysts for Cathodic Processes in Redox Matrices.","Biological or molecular catalysts built from Earth-abundant elements are envisioned as economically viable alternatives to the scarce noble metals that are currently used in renewable energy conversion. However, their fragility and O2 sensitivity have been obstacles to their adoption in industry. We have recently proposed O2 quenching matrices for protecting intrinsically O2-sensitive catalysts for use in anodic (oxidative) processes. We have demonstrated that even hydrogenases, the highly sensi",{"id":110,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":111,"piName":10,"institution":112,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":114,"abstract":115},"cordis-european-research-council-award-713999","Fast Interactive Verification through Strong Higher-Order Automation","STICHTING VU","NL","€1,498,438","Proof assistants are increasingly used to verify hardware and software and to formalize mathematics. However, despite the success stories, they remain very laborious to use. The situation has improved with the integration of first-order automatic theorem provers -- superposition provers and SMT (satisfiability modulo theories) solvers -- through middleware such as Sledgehammer for Isabelle, codeveloped by the PI; but this research has now reached the point of diminishing returns. Only so much ca",{"id":117,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":118,"piName":10,"institution":44,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":119,"abstract":120},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716686","The Politics and Practice of Social Media in Conflict","€1,499,450","Over the next five years an unprecedented number of initiatives will coalesce, contributing to an extension of the reach of the Internet to the world’s most remote regions.  While previous efforts to expand Internet access have focused on urban areas, current initiatives are leveraging new technologies from drones to satellites to provide affordable access to the worlds poorest, many of whom are in Africa and live in regions where the state is weak and there is protracted violent conflict. Curre",{"id":122,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":123,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":125},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715022","Can humans embody augmentative robotics technology?","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON","Wearable technology is redefining the boundaries of our own body. Wearable robotic (WR) fingers and arms are robots, designed to free up or complement our hand actions, to enhance humans’ abilities. While tremendous resources are being dedicated to the development of this groundbreaking technology, little notice is given to how the human brain might support it. The intuitive, though unfounded, view is that technology will fuse with our bodies, allowing our brains to seamlessly control it (i.e. e",{"id":127,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":128,"piName":10,"institution":129,"country":130,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":131},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714892","Mathematical and computational foundations for modeling cerebral fluid flow.","SIMULA RESEARCH LABORATORY AS","NO","Your brain has its own waterscape: whether you are reading or sleeping, fluid flows through the brain tissue and clears waste in the process. These physiological processes are crucial for the well-being of the brain. In spite of their importance we understand them but little. Mathematics and numerics could play a crucial role in gaining new insight. Indeed, medical doctors express an urgent need for multiscale modeling of water transport through the brain, to overcome limitations in traditional ",{"id":133,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":134,"piName":10,"institution":135,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":136,"abstract":137},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715154","A distributional MOdel of Reference to Entities","UNIVERSIDAD POMPEU FABRA","€1,499,805","When I asked my seven-year-old daughter Who is the boy in your class who was also new in school last year, like you?, she instantly replied Daniel, using the descriptive content in my utterance to identify an entity in the real world and refer to it. The ability to use language to refer to reality is crucial for humans, and yet it is very difficult to model. AMORE breaks new ground in Computational Linguistics, Linguistics, and Artificial Intelligence by developing a model of linguistic referenc",{"id":139,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":140,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":141,"abstract":142},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715300","How Bone Adapts to Heavy Weight? Bone Morphological and Microanatomical Adaptation to the Mechanical Constraints Imposed by Graviportality","€1,082,450","Heavy animals, said to be graviportal, are under strong mechanical constraints. Their skeleton, notably their limb bones, show convergent morpho-functional adaptations that surprisingly remain very poorly studied. Understanding the convergent and specific adaptations of bone to weight bearing in taxa with various morphologies, sizes, habitats and locomotor behaviours is essential to understand how bone responds to biomechanical constraints. In palaeontology, it will allow determining how giant f",{"id":144,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":145,"piName":10,"institution":146,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":148,"abstract":149},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714245","Deciphering RAdio NOn-thermal Emission on the Largest scales","ALMA MATER STUDIORUM - UNIVERSITA DI BOLOGNA","IT","€1,496,250","This proposal aims to understand  the origin of the radio emission detected in the most massive objects in our Universe: galaxy clusters.The extreme physical conditions in the intra-cluster medium of galaxy clusters are beyond anything achievable in any laboratory on Earth. The space in between the galaxies is filled with an extremely hot and diluted gas that hosts the largest-scale magnetic fields known so far. A big challenge of modern astrophysics is understanding the origin of radio emission",{"id":151,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":152,"piName":10,"institution":153,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":154,"abstract":155},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715753","Efficient Formally Secure Compilers to a Tagged Architecture","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€1,498,444","Severe low-level vulnerabilities abound in today’s computer systems, allowing cyber-attackers to remotely gainfull control. This happens in big part because our programming languages, compilers, and architectures weredesigned in an era of scarce hardware resources and too often trade off security for efficiency. The semantics ofmainstream low-level languages like C is inherently insecure, and even for safer languages, establishing securitywith respect to a high-level semantics does not guarantee",{"id":157,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":158,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":159,"abstract":160},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716298","Zooarchaeology and Mobility in the Western Mediterranean: husbandry production from the Late Bronze Age to Late Antiquity","€1,199,319","Human survival and success is substantially determined by the ability to move across the landscape and adapt. Consequently, ‘mobility’ is a crucial topic in historical and archaeological research. To overcome the seasonal scarcity of food and the related over-grazing of pastures, it is essential for animal husbandry to move across territories. However, the decision to allow or deny rights of way to mobile people and livestock depends on political judgements. How might these shape animal husbandr",{"id":162,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":163,"piName":10,"institution":88,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":164,"abstract":165},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715491","Investigating the regulation of iron homeostasis by erythroferrone and therapeutic applications","€1,499,235","The existence of an “erythron-related regulator” that intensifies iron absorption and its release from stores to meet the requirements for red blood cells synthesis was proposed in the 1950s. Delineating this mechanism is of high biomedical importance as the pathway could be targeted to develop novel treatments for iron-restricted anemias that are very frequent but for which current therapies are ineffective (e.g. infections, inflammatory bowel disease, cancer, or chronic kidney disease) and for",{"id":167,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":168,"piName":10,"institution":146,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":169,"abstract":170},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714196","The Magnetised Cosmic Web","€1,465,943","On large scales cosmic matter is distributed in a web consistent of clusters, filaments, walls and voids. While the dark-matter skeleton of the cosmic web is closely traced by galaxies and galaxy clusters, the gaseous distribution has never been directly imaged at any wavelength. This situation might change within the next decade, thanks to the new generation of radio instruments that will survey the sky: LOFAR, MWA, ASKAP and the Square Kilometer Array. Non-thermal components, relativistic part",{"id":172,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":173,"piName":10,"institution":146,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":174},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714463","Processing Citizenship: Digital registration of migrants as co-production of citizens, territory and Europe","Intensifying migration waves are changing EU policies―with Hotspots being set up in frontline countries―but also the way knowledge about migrants, institutions and territory is created. Information systems are key enablers of this knowledge. They materialize legislative, political, administrative dynamics in which citizenship, state and territory are co-produced.ProcessingCitizenship aims to establish information systems as “interfaces” that make visible changes in the modern nation state. It ai",{"id":176,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":177,"piName":10,"institution":38,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":178,"abstract":179},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714087","Big Data for 4D Global Urban Mapping – 10^16 Bytes from Social Media to EO Satellites","€1,496,500","By 2050, around three quarters of the world’s population will live in cities. The new dimension of ongoing global migration into the cities poses fundamental challenges to our societies across the globe. Despite of increasing efforts, global urban mapping still drags behind the geometric, thematic and temporal resolutions of geo-information needed to address these challenges.Nowadays diverse sets of incomplete data exist. For example, Earth observation (EO) satellites reliably provide geodetical",{"id":181,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":182,"piName":10,"institution":183,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":184,"abstract":185},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714162","Characterisation of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair by Alternative End-Joining:  Potential Targets for Cancer Therapy","INSTITUT CURIE","€1,498,750","DNA repair pathways evolved as an intricate network that senses DNA damage and resolves it in order to minimise genetic lesions and thus preventing tumour formation. Gaining in recognition the last few years, the alternative end-joining (alt-EJ) DNA repair pathway was recently shown to be up-regulated and required for cancer cell viability in the absence of homologous recombination-mediated repair (HR). Despite this integral role, the alt-EJ repair pathway remains poorly characterised in humans.",{"id":187,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":188,"piName":10,"institution":64,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":189,"abstract":190},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714294","Symmetric Cryptography in the Post-Quantum World","€1,330,463","As years go by, the existence of quantum computers becomes more tangible and the scientific community is already anticipating the enormous consequences of the induced breakthrough in computational power. Cryptology is one of the affected disciplines. Indeed, the current state-of-the-art asymmetric cryptography would become insecure, and we are actively searching for alternatives. Symmetric cryptography, essential for enabling secure communications, seems much less affected at first sight: its bi",{"id":192,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":193,"piName":10,"institution":88,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":194},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715575","Functional genomics of non-coding mutations in regulatory regions of four metabolic tissues, and their involvement into type 2 diabetes through large-scale sequencing","Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex systemic metabolic disorder which has developed into a global major health problem responsible for early morbidities and mortality. T2D is a multifactorial disease, resulting from progressive alteration of insulin secretion from beta cells in pancreatic islets, on a background of resistance to insulin action in various organs and tissues, including liver, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. T2D heritability is estimated around 40-70%. Genome-wide association st",{"id":196,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":197,"piName":10,"institution":88,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":198,"abstract":199},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716862","Tracking information flow in the brain:  A unified and general framework for dynamic communication in brain networks","€1,333,718","The brain is composed of a set of areas specialized in specific computations whose outputs need to be transferred to other specialized areas for cognition to emerge.  To account for context-dependent behaviors, the information has to be flexibly routed through the fixed anatomy of the brain. The aim of my proposal is to test a general framework for flexible communication between brain areas based on nested oscillations which I recently developed.  The general idea is that internally-driven slow ",{"id":201,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":202,"piName":10,"institution":203,"country":204,"year":13,"amount":205,"abstract":206},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758461","Probing nanoscale and femtosecond fluctuations in high temperature superconductors","AARHUS UNIVERSITET","DK","€1,789,165","One of the major outstanding challenges in condensed matter physics is the origin of high temperature superconductivity. Low temperature BCS superconductivity is mediated by the electron-phonon interaction, but this interaction is believed to be too weak to explain high temperature superconductivity. Instead electron interactions are considered responsible, but experimental proof has been difficult to obtain. Despite over thirty years of research, the mechanism responsible for generating the sup",{"id":208,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":209,"piName":10,"institution":210,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":211,"abstract":212},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714440","Mechanisms of Myelination – Elucidating the Diversity of Oligodendroglial Precursors and their Local Axon-Glia Interactions","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","€1,485,000","Nervous system function requires precise communication between myriads of neurons and glia to generate and maintain a functional organ. Most axons are eventually surrounded with myelin, an insulating structure produced by specialized oligodendroglia. This cellular interaction enables fast signal transmission, ensures long-term axon survival, and is involved in regulating learning and memory formation.The formation of new myelin during lifelong development and after myelin damage requires differe",{"id":214,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":215,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":216,"abstract":217},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716515","Earth’s first biological bloom: An integrated field, geochemical, and geobiological examination of the origins of photosynthesis and carbonate production 3 billion years ago","€1,848,685","The origin of oxygenic photosynthesis is one of the most dramatic evolutionary events that the Earth has ever experienced. At some point in Earth’s first two billion years, primitive bacteria acquired the ability to harness sunlight, oxidize water, release O2, and transform CO2 to organic carbon, and all with unprecedented efficiency. Today, oxygenic photosynthesis accounts for nearly all of the biomass on the planet, and exerts significant control over the carbon cycle. Since 2 billion years ag",{"id":219,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":220,"piName":10,"institution":64,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":221,"abstract":222},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714381","Large-Scale Learning with Deep Kernel Machines","€1,498,465","Machine learning has become a key part of scientific fields that produce a massive amount of data and that are in dire need of scalable tools to automatically make sense of it. Unfortunately, classical statistical modeling has often become impractical due to recent shifts in the amount of data to process, and in the high complexity and large size of models that are able to take advantage of massive data. The promise of SOLARIS is to invent a new generation of machine learning models that fulfill",{"id":224,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":225,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":226,"abstract":227},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715872","Intelligent Memories that Perform Inference with the Physics of Nanodevices","€1,499,609","Cognitive tasks are increasingly necessary in modern electronics. The energy efficiency of associated algorithms, which rely on abundant stored parameters, is severely limited by the separation of computation and memory elements in conventional computers. In NANOINFER, I will directly address this challenge by developing intelligent memory chips that natively perform both memory and computing functions, using CMOS and emerging nanodevices. These chips will perform modern Bayesian inference algor",{"id":229,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":230,"piName":10,"institution":231,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":232,"abstract":233},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714408","The analysis of geometric non-linear wave and kinetic equations","SORBONNE UNIVERSITE","€1,071,008","The present proposal is concerned with the analysis of geometric non-linear wave equations, such as the Einstein equations, as well as coupled systems of wave and kinetic equations such as the Vlasov-Maxwell and Einstein-Vlasov equations. We intend to pursue three main lines of research, each of them concerning major open problems in the field.I) The dynamics in a neighbourhood of the Anti-de-Sitter space with various boundary conditions.This is a fundamental open problem of mathematical physics",{"id":235,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":236,"piName":10,"institution":231,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":237,"abstract":238},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715776","Gut microbiota-dependent tryptophan metabolism: role in disease pathogenesis and therapeutic target","€1,495,525","Tryptophan (Trp) is an essential amino acid required for protein biosynthesis and is also a biochemical precursor of metabolites which have major effects on mammalian physiology. In the gastrointestinal tract, Trp metabolism can follow three major pathways, all of which are under the control of the gut microbiota: (i) the kynurenin pathway in immune and epithelial cells via indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1, (ii) the serotonin production pathway in enterochromaffin cells via Trp hydroxylase 1 and (i",{"id":240,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":241,"piName":10,"institution":19,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":242,"abstract":243},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715832","Nanophosphor-based photonic materials for next generation light-emitting devices","€1,499,739","Energy-efficient and environmentally friendly light sources are an essential part of the global strategy to reduce the worldwide electricity consumption. Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) emerge as a key alternative to conventional lighting, due to their high power-conversion efficiency, long lifetime, fast switching, robustness, and compact size. Nonetheless, their implementation in the consumer electronic industry is hampered by the limited control over brightness, colour quality and directionality",{"id":245,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":246,"piName":10,"institution":44,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":247,"abstract":248},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714697","Atomic Scale Defects: Structure and Function","€1,610,231","Atomic scale defects play a key role in determining the behaviour of all crystalline materials, profoundly modifying mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. Many current technological applications make do with phenomenological descriptions of these effects; yet myriad intriguing questions about the fundamental link between defect structure and material function remain.Transmission electron microscopy revolutionised the study of atomic scale defects by enabling their direct imaging. The no",{"id":250,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":251,"piName":10,"institution":252,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":253,"abstract":254},"cordis-european-research-council-award-679158","Resolving the Tussle in the Internet: Mapping, Architecture, and Policy Making","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","€1,499,875","The Internet has revolutionalized the way people and corporations communicate, publish, access, and search for information. As our globally-connected digital civilization increasingly relies on its smooth operation any disruption has a direct negative impact on both the economy and society. However, the Internet was not designed to serve its current role nor was foreseen to be a public good. On the contrary, it was designed to be fully decentralized and thus administrated by the owners of indepe",{"id":256,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":257,"piName":10,"institution":258,"country":204,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":259},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715691","The chemical understanding of biomolecular recognition in epigenetics","SYDDANSK UNIVERSITET","The ultimate aim of this ERC project is to provide a comprehensive and complete understanding, at the atomic-level of sophistication, of genuinely important biomolecular recognition processes in epigenetics that play key roles in human health and disease. At the biochemical level, epigenetics refers to mechanisms, such as enzymatic modifications of DNA and posttranslational modifications of the associated histone proteins, that regulate the activity of human genes. The proposed work aims to addr",{"id":261,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":262,"piName":10,"institution":263,"country":264,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":265},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715968","Memory Engram Maintenance and Expression","THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN","IE","The goal of this project is to understand how specific memory engrams are physically stored in the brain. Connectionist theories of memory storage have guided research into the neuroscience of memory for over a half century, but have received little direct proof due to experimental limitations. The major confound that has limited direct testing of such theories has been an inability to identify the cells and circuits that store specific memories. Memory engram technology, which allows the taggin",{"id":267,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":268,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":270,"abstract":271},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715354","Transparent p-type semiconductors for efficient solar energy capture, conversion and storage.","UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE","€1,499,840","This proposal will develop new transparent p-type semiconductors that will make dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC) a vastly more efficient and a realistic prospect for carbon-free energy generation worldwide. Two key challenges will be addressed: (1) a means of converting NIR radiation to increase the amount of sunlight utilised from 35% to over 70%; (2) a means of storing the energy. Almost all the research in the field is based on dye or “perovskite” sensitized TiO2 (n-type) solar cells, which a",{"id":273,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":274,"piName":10,"institution":275,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":276,"abstract":277},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714478","The evolutionary ecology of bacterial immune mechanisms","THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER","€1,498,337","Bacteria have a range of immune mechanisms, but it is unclear why this diverse armamentarium evolved. The most important immune mechanisms are (1) Surface Modification (SM) (2) Abortive infection (Abi) (3) Restriction Modification (R-M) (4) CRISPR-Cas and (5) prokaryotic Argonaute (pAgo), all of which can occur as stand-alone mechanisms or in combination. The individual mechanisms differ in key aspects, such as their fitness costs (constitutive versus inducible), specificity (indiscriminate vers",{"id":279,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":280,"piName":10,"institution":281,"country":130,"year":13,"amount":282,"abstract":283},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715147","The Global and Local Organization of Production","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","€1,476,948","A defining feature of the global economy is the gradual fragmentation of production across firms andborders, a phenomenon that has been termed outsourcing or global value chains.State-of-the-art empirical economic analysis on value chains has mostly been limited to the study ofaggregate data because there is limited data on actual firm-to-firm linkages in the global economy. Even lessis currently known about which products are typically outsourced, and which workers are affected.This project wil",{"id":285,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":286,"piName":10,"institution":252,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":287,"abstract":288},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715475","Ultra-flexible nanostructures in flow: controlling folding, fracture and orientation in large-scale liquid processing of 2D nanomaterials","€1,453,779","2D nanomaterials hold immense technological promise thanks to extraordinary intrinsic properties such as ultra-high conductivity, strength and unusual semiconducting properties. Our understanding of how these extremely thin and flexible objects are processed in flow is however inadequate, and this is hindering progress towards true market applications. When processed in liquid environments to make nanocomposites, conductive coatings and energy storage devices, 2D nanomaterials tend to fold and b",{"id":290,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":291,"piName":10,"institution":292,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":293,"abstract":294},"cordis-european-research-council-award-679209","Multi-scale model of bacterial cell-cell interactions","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","€1,751,853","Transporting selected proteins across the cell envelope in a controlled manner is a fundamental property of all cell types. For bacteria, secretion systems play a central role in the translocation of effectors that mediate interactions with other cells. The bacterial Type VI Secretion (T6S) system is one of the most widespread secretion systems and, in a cell-cell contact-dependent fashion, it injects effectors into eukaryotic and bacterial targets. The T6S system utilizes a cytoplasmic phage ta",{"id":296,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":297,"piName":10,"institution":298,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":299,"abstract":300},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716311","Sweet Theranostics in Bitter Infections - Seek and Destroy","HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM FUR INFEKTIONSFORSCHUNG GMBH","€1,499,551","Bacterial infections are now a global threat demanding novel treatments due to the appearance of resistances against antibiotics at a high pace. The ESKAPE pathogens are those with highest importance in the EU and chronic infections due to biofilm formation are a particular task. Noninvasive pathogen-specific imaging of the infected tissue is not clinically available. Its successful implementation will enable the choice of appropriate therapy and boost efficacy. Furthermore,Gram-negative bacteri",{"id":302,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":303,"piName":10,"institution":304,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":305},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714762","Long-term Investigation of Functional Excitatory Synapses: Linking Plasticity, Network Wiring and Memory Storage","UNIVERSITAETSKLINIKUM HAMBURG-EPPENDORF","The nature of the physical substrate of memory – or engram – is probably one of the longest studied mysteries in neuroscience, and yet it still remains elusive. In recent years, the search for the engram has gained new momentum due to the possibilities of optogenetic activation and silencing of specific neurons in the brain. Recent studies suggest that the engram could be defined as the subset of neurons that is necessary and sufficient to cause recall of a specific memory when activated. But wh",{"id":307,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":308,"piName":10,"institution":309,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":310,"abstract":311},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715923","Systems Chemistry Approach towards Semiconductive Supramolecular Copolymers with Homo- and Heterometallophilic Interactions","UNIVERSITAET MUENSTER","€1,493,750","Infinite one-dimensional structures with a metallic main chain of short metal-metal contacts have attracted considerable attention in the field of materials science for many decades due to their excellent optical properties and remarkable dichroism and electrical (semi)conductivity. These materials suffer, however, from decomposition prior to melting and low solubility and processability. The strategy of introducing alkyl side chains of different nature in the past two decades proved to be parti",{"id":313,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":314,"piName":10,"institution":315,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":317},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715260","Decoding the Epigenomic Regulatory Code by the Use of Single Cell Technologies","THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM","IL","Chromatin regulators adjust genome functions by modifying chromatin states. Comprehensive characterization of chromatin states, associations of chromatin regulators, and expression profiles is crucial for investigating: 1.Cellular differentiation triggers. 2.The nature of the underlying chromatin regulatory mechanisms. 3.The effect of cellular heterogeneity, and 4. How chromatin affects mRNA expression. Mapping chromatin states by sequencing immunoprecipitated chromatin (ChIP-seq) provides an ex",{"id":319,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":320,"piName":10,"institution":321,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":322,"abstract":323},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716641","Pipet Based Scanning Probe Microscopy Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy: A Novel Approach for TERS in Liquids","ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE","€1,528,442","Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is often described as the most powerful tool for optical characterization of surfaces and their proximities. It combines the intrinsic spatial resolution of scanning probe techniques (AFM or STM) with the chemical information content of vibrational Raman spectroscopy. Capable to reveal surface heterogeneity at the nanoscale, TERS is currently playing a fundamental role in the understanding of interfacial physicochemical processes in key areas of science and",{"id":325,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":326,"piName":10,"institution":315,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":253,"abstract":327},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756762","Mechanical Targeting as an Integrative Approach for Personalized Nanomedicine","The ability to direct drug delivery to specific tissues is a central challenge in treating diseases as it determines the balance between drug selectivity and toxicity. Clinical drug failures, commonly due to safety issues or poor efficacy, are extremely costly to the pharmaceutical industry. In light of this, there is a global effort to develop Targeted Drug Delivery Systems (DDS) and Nanomedicine-based drugs to increase the therapeutic efficacy of a drug while substantially reducing its off-tar",{"id":329,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":330,"piName":10,"institution":331,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":332,"abstract":333},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715322","Endolysosomal-mitochondria crosstalk in cell and organism homeostasis","UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE MADRID","€1,498,625","For many years, mitochondria were viewed as semiautonomous organelles, required only for cellular energetics. This view has been displaced by the concept that mitochondria are fully integrated into the life of the cell and that mitochondrial function and stress response rapidly affect other organelles, and even other tissues. A recent discovery from my lab demonstrated that mitochondrial metabolism regulates lysosomal degradation (Cell Metabolism, 2015), thus opening the way to investigate the m",{"id":335,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":336,"piName":10,"institution":252,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":337,"abstract":338},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714918","How nature's smallest clouds slow down large-scale circulations critical for climate","€1,867,120","Do even the smallest clouds simply drift with the wind? Vast areas of our oceans and land are covered with shallow cumulus clouds. These low-level clouds are receiving increased attention as uncertainties in their representation in global climate models lead to a spread in predictions of future climate. This attention emphasizes radiative and thermodynamic impacts of clouds, which are thought to energize the large-scale Hadley circulation. But broadly overlooked is the impact of shallow cumuli o",{"id":340,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":341,"piName":10,"institution":258,"country":204,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":342},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716657","Immediate and long-term health risks of excessive screen-based media use","Excessive screen-based media use in young people is a clear emerging public health concern which commands serious attention and research to keep pace with the fast and profound changes in technology of screen media and how it is used. The proposed research project’s overarching objective is to investigate the immediate and long-term effects of screen-based media use on a number of important health outcomes in young people. In work package (WP) 1 and WP2 we will investigate the short-term effect ",{"id":344,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":345,"piName":10,"institution":252,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":346,"abstract":347},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759743","Selective Conversion of Water and CO2 Using Interfacial Electrochemical Engineering","€2,000,000","The recycling of CO2 will play an important role in mitigating the energy and environmental problems that our future societies will no doubt face.  Electrochemistry is a powerful technology that can make use of renewable electricity from solar and wind to power the transformation of CO2 and water to valuable chemicals and fuels.  However, the electrochemical conversion of CO2 is not ready for large-scale deployment due to the poor activity, selectivity, and stability of the current catalysts use",{"id":349,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":350,"piName":10,"institution":351,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":352},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715368","Exploding stars from first principles: MAGnetars as engines of hypernovae and gamma-ray BURSTs","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","The birth of a neutron star with an extremely strong magnetic field, called a magnetar, has emerged as a promising scenario to power a variety of outstanding explosive events. This includes gamma-ray bursts, among the most luminous events observed up to high redshift and therefore useful as cosmological probes, but also supernovae with extreme kinetic energies called hypernovae and other classes of super-luminous supernovae. Simple phenomenological models, where the magnetar rotation period and ",{"id":354,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":355,"piName":10,"institution":356,"country":204,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":357},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757384","Deciphering the transport mechanisms of small xenobiotic molecules in synthetic yeast cell factories","DANMARKS TEKNISKE UNIVERSITET","Industrial biotechnology employs synthetic cell factories to create bulk and fine chemicals and fuels from renewable resources, laying the basis for the future bio-based economy. The major part of the wanted bio-based chemicals are not native to the host cell, such as yeast, i.e. they are xenobiotic. Some xenobiotic compounds are readily secreted by synthetic cells, some are poorly secreted and some are not secreted at all, but how does this transport occur? Or why does it not occur? These funda",{"id":359,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":360,"piName":10,"institution":361,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":362},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716894","Mechanisms of Regeneration Initiation","KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN - KNAW","Injury poses a key threat to all multicellular organisms. However, while some animals can fully restore lost body parts, others can only prevent further damage by mere wound healing. Which molecular mechanisms determine whether regeneration is induced or not is an unsettled fundamental question. I will use whole body regeneration, one of the most fascinating biological processes, as an experimental paradigm to identify the mechanisms of regeneration initiation. As a model organism I will employ ",{"id":364,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":365,"piName":10,"institution":366,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":367,"abstract":368},"cordis-european-research-council-award-677576","Plant foods in human evolution: Factors affecting the harvest of nutrients from the floral environment","UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN","€1,499,950","Plant foods comprise the majority of most human diets, yet the potential importance of these foods in human evolution is often overlooked. Using a behavioral ecology framework, the HARVEST project explores fundamental questions: Why did hominins choose to eat certain plants? What were their foraging goals? We will focus on two objectives: 1) Reconstructing the diets of fossil hominins and 2) Exploring the costs and benefits of plant foods.To understand the factors driving food choice by ancient ",{"id":370,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":371,"piName":10,"institution":372,"country":373,"year":13,"amount":374,"abstract":375},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714754","Unraveling Interdiffusion Effects at Material Interfaces -- Learning from Tensors of Microstructure Evolution Simulations","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","BE","€1,496,875","Multi-materials, combining various materials with different functionalities, are increasingly desired in engineering applications. Reliable material assembly is a great challenge in the development of innovative technologies. The interdiffusion microstructures formed at material interfaces are critical for the performance of the product. However, as more and more elements are involved, their complexity increases and their variety becomes immense. Furthermore, interdiffusion microstructures evolv",{"id":377,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":378,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":379},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715282","Neurocognitive mechanisms of inhibitory control training and transfer effects in children","Inhibitory control refers to the ability to control behavioural impulses and is critical for cognitive development. It has been traditionally thought of as a stable trait across the lifespan but recent insights from cognitive neuroscience show prolonged changes in brain regions that support inhibitory control indicating greater malleability than previously believed. Because childhood inhibitory control predicts well-being later in life this suggests exciting opportunities for enhancing inhibitor",{"id":381,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":382,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":383,"abstract":384},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714472","Metabolic regulation of mitochondrial morphology","€1,375,000","The need for mitochondria in the body is ubiquitous yet the shapes these organelles take vary widely across tissues and change rapidly in response to nutrient availability.  How and why this occurs is not well understood.  Therefore, we propose an interdisciplinary research program that will investigate the molecular basis and metabolic regulation of mitochondrial morphology. Mitochondrial morphology is defined by opposing events of fission and fusion, which must be tightly controlled. We discov",{"id":386,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":387,"piName":10,"institution":388,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":389,"abstract":390},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716233","Mechanisms of Immune Receptor Diversification in Cereals","EARLHAM INSTITUTE","€1,499,997","The plant immune system is innate – it is encoded in the germline. In natural pathosystems, plants efficiently deploy hundreds of immune receptors to detect and disarm rapidly evolving pathogens including viruses, bacteria, nematodes, insects, fungi and oomycetes. Exactly how such receptor diversity can evolve is an elusive question with important practical ramifications. A central class of plant immune receptors, called Nucleotide Binding Leucine Rich Repeats proteins (NLR), has been implicated",{"id":392,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":393,"piName":10,"institution":394,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":395},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714993","Dynamic Urban Environmental Exposures on Depression and Suicide","UNIVERSITEIT UTRECHT","19% of the Dutch population suffer from depression and people affected by depression have a significantly higher suicide risk. Although the World Health Organization attributes modifiable environmental factors including urban environments (i.e. the built, natural and social environments) to health outcomes, they are largely disregarded as either stressors or buffers in scientific debates on depression and suicide. A limitation of current studies is that urban environmental features are often res",{"id":397,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":398,"piName":10,"institution":399,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":400,"abstract":401},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756996","Engineering translation machinery to produce light-responsive protein-polymers","BEN-GURION UNIVERSITY OF THE NEGEV","€1,328,712","A general and versatile technology to engineer visible light-responsive biological agents will enable spatio-temporal manipulation and interrogation of proteins, pathways, and cells, and the design of “smart” biomaterials that can direct and respond to biological processes on-demand. Site specific incorporation of multiple visible-light-responsive chemical groups at the polypeptide level will constitute a universal methodology for precise production of light-responsive proteins and protein-based",{"id":403,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":404,"piName":10,"institution":405,"country":204,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":406},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715672","Distributed and Dynamic Graph Algorithms and Complexity","KOBENHAVNS UNIVERSITET","This project aims to (i) resolve challenging graph problems in distributed and dynamic settings, with a focus on connectivity problems (such as computing edge connectivity and distances), and (ii) on the way develop a systematic approach to attack problems in these settings, by thoroughly exploring relevant algorithmic and complexity-theoretic landscapes. Tasks include- building a hierarchy of intermediate computational models so that designing algorithms and proving lower bounds can be done in ",{"id":408,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":409,"piName":10,"institution":210,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":410,"abstract":411},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759546","Energy transfer Processes at gas\u002Fwall Interfaces under extreme Conditions","€1,499,351","In the future, high-efficiency (low CO2) vehicles will be powered in part by reinvented internal combustion (IC) engines that are “downsized” and operate with new combustion modes. These engine concepts are subject to problems such as increased transient heat transfer and flame quenching in small passages. Near-wall transient heat transfer is not well-understood in engine environments; the gas is not constant in pressure, temperature, or velocity such that physical processes quickly digress from",{"id":413,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":414,"piName":10,"institution":394,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":415},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715060","Cooperative Acceptor Ligands for Catalysis with Earth-Abundant Metals","Homogeneous catalysis is of prime importance for the selective synthesis of high added value chemicals. Many of the currently available catalysts rely on noble metals (Ru, Os, Rh, Ir, Pd, Pt), which suffer from a high toxicity and environmental impact in addition to their high cost, calling for the development of new systems based on first-row transition metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu). The historical paradigm for catalyst design, i.e. one or more donor ligands giving electron density to stabilize a",{"id":417,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":418,"piName":10,"institution":419,"country":420,"year":13,"amount":421,"abstract":422},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714034","Strong Modular proof Assistance: Reasoning across Theories","UNIVERSITAET INNSBRUCK","AT","€1,449,000","Formal proof technology delivers an unparalleled level of certainty and security. Nevertheless, applying proof assistants to the verification of complex theories and designs is still extremely laborious. High profile certification projects, such as seL4, CompCert, and Flyspeck require tens of person-years. We recently demonstrated that this effort can be significantly reduced by combining reasoning and learning in so called hammer systems: 40% of the Flyspeck, HOL4, Isabelle\u002FHOL, and Mizar top-l",{"id":424,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":425,"piName":10,"institution":426,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":427,"abstract":428},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716350","Global Citizenship Law: International Migration and Constitutional Identity","EUROPEAN UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE","€1,499,588","Managing global migration is one of the most pressing issues of our time, particularly in Europe. With more than 230 million international immigrants, the manner in which new citizens are\u002Fshould be created has become a controversial issue, morally and politically. Traditionally, international law has not regulated nationality law",{"id":430,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":431,"piName":10,"institution":432,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":433,"abstract":434},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715725","Justice, Morality, and the State in Amazonia","LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS AND POLITICAL SCIENCE","€1,483,992","The project will investigate the social, cultural and cognitive bases of justice, or the morally correct assignment of goods and evils, with a focus on the indigenous peoples of Western Amazonia. It will develop an analysis of issues ranging from emotions, fairness, entitlement and equality in contexts of resource distribution, to punishment, vengeance, and attributions of responsibility. This will enlarge our understanding of how and why patterns of moral judgement vary across cultures, with pa",{"id":436,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":437,"piName":10,"institution":153,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":438,"abstract":439},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715947","Connecting SOLar and stellar Variabilities","€1,443,000","The proposed project aims at answering four general questions of high scientific importance:- How typical is the Sun as active star?- What is the solar role in climate change?- What are the limitations for detectability of Earth-type planets in habitable zones?- Can the solar paradigm help us to explain variability of other stars and to better detect and characterizeexoplanets?These exciting questions can now be addressed thanks to recent progress in solar and stellar physics. On theobservationa",{"id":441,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":442,"piName":10,"institution":443,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":444,"abstract":445},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759921","A neurosplenic pathway coupling Immunity and Hypertension","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI ROMA LA SAPIENZA","€1,497,831","Hypertension (HTN) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. During past decades, several therapies have been developed to afford an optimal blood pressure (BP) regulation. However, the prevalence of uncontrolled HTN continues to rise, with a number of patients still resistant to all ongoing antihypertensive treatments, raising unsolved mechanistic challenges. In the last years, the most attractive novelty in HTN postulated that immune system has a crucial role in BP raising, as w",{"id":447,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":448,"piName":10,"institution":449,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":450,"abstract":451},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714239","Perception of Plant Volatiles","UNIVERSITAET BERN","€1,989,938","The capacity to produce and perceive organic chemicals is essential for most cellular organisms. Plant leaves that are attacked by insect herbivores for instance start releasing distinct blends of herbivore-induced plant volatiles, which in turn can be perceived by non-attacked tissues. These tissues then respond more rapidly and more strongly to herbivore attack. One major question that constrains the current understanding of plant volatile communication is how plants perceive herbivore induced",{"id":453,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":454,"piName":10,"institution":455,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":456},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715466","The role of three-dimensional genome architecture in antigenic variation","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","Antigenic variation is a widely employed strategy to evade the host immune response. It has similar functional requirements even in evolutionarily divergent pathogens. These include the mutually exclusive expression of antigens and the periodic, nonrandom switching in the expression of different antigens during the course of an infection. Despite decades of research the mechanisms of antigenic variation are not fully understood in any organism.The recent development of high-throughput sequencing",{"id":458,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":459,"piName":10,"institution":460,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":461,"abstract":462},"cordis-european-research-council-award-754365","New Nuclear Medicine Imaging Radiotracer 64Cu(II) for diagnosing Hypoxia Conditions Based on the Cellular Copper Cycle","BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY","€1,499,345","Imaging of hypoxia is important in many disease states in oncology, cardiology, and neurology. Hypoxia is a common condition encountered within the tumour microenvironment that drives proliferation, angiogenesis, and resistance to therapy. Despite on-going efforts to identify hypoxia, until now there is no clinically approved imaging biomarker, due to both low tumour uptake, and a low signal to background (S\u002FB) ratio that affects the imaging quality. Nuclear Medicine is using labelled radio-isot",{"id":464,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":465,"piName":10,"institution":466,"country":467,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":468},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756489","Computational Simulations of MOFs for Gas Separations","KOC UNIVERSITY","TR","Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are recently considered as new fascinating nanoporous materials. MOFs have very large surface areas, high porosities, various pore sizes\u002Fshapes, chemical functionalities and good thermal\u002Fchemical stabilities. These properties make MOFs highly promising for gas separation applications. Thousands of MOFs have been synthesized in the last decade. The large number of available MOFs creates excellent opportunities to develop energy-efficient gas separation technologies",{"id":470,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":471,"piName":10,"institution":472,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":473,"abstract":474},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714804","Evolution of the honey bee gut microbiome through bacterial diversification","UNIVERSITE DE LAUSANNE","€1,499,462","Animals harbor specialized bacterial communities in their guts, typically referred to as gut microbiomes. Despite the importance of gut microbiomes for host health, surprisingly little is known about their evolution. There is evidence that the complexity of the mammalian gut microbiome has emerged through the diversification of a few founder lineages. However, how lineages have diversified into discrete species and which underlying mechanisms maintain the diversity in the gut remains elusive. Th",{"id":476,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":477,"piName":10,"institution":478,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":479},"cordis-european-research-council-award-713780","Photonic Terahertz Signal Analyzers","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT DARMSTADT","Spectrum analysis and vector network analysis are enabling technologies for component development throughout the microwave and millimeter wave band. Due to the lack of affordable electronics for frequencies above 100 GHz, vector network analyzers (VNAs) have to use frequency extenders to reach into the THz frequency band (100 GHz-10 THz). The bandwidth of frequency extended electronic systems is restricted to about 50%. Several extender setups have to be used for larger spans, requiring realignm",{"id":481,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":482,"piName":10,"institution":483,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":484,"abstract":485},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716388","Economic Development and Structural Transformation","INSTITUTE OF POLITICAL ECONOMY AND GOVERNANCE","€1,486,500","The early development literature documented that the growth path of most advanced economies was accompanied by a process of structural transformation. As economies develop, the share of agriculture in employment falls and workers migrate to cities to find employment in the industrial and service sectors [Clark (1940), Kuznets (1957)]. In the first industrialized countries, technical improvements in agriculture favoured the development of industry and services by releasing labour, increasing dema",{"id":487,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":488,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":184,"abstract":489},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716542","Reconciling Scales in Global Seimology","For more than 30 years, seismologists have used seismic waves to produce 3D images of the structure of the Earth. Despite many successes, a number of key questions still remain, which are of the uttermost importance to understand plate tectonics. What is the nature of the Lithosphere-Asthenosphere Boundary? What is the structure and history of the continental lithosphere? The problem is that different seismic observables sample the Earth at different scales; they have different sensitivity to st",{"id":491,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":492,"piName":10,"institution":432,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":493,"abstract":494},"cordis-european-research-council-award-760037","Firm Growth and Market Power in the Global Economy","€1,313,103","According to the European Commission, to design effective policies for ensuring a “more dynamic, innovative and competitive” economy, it is essential to understand the decision-making process of firms as they differ a lot in terms of their capacities and policy responses (EC 2007). The objective of my future research is to provide such an analysis. BIGlobal will examine the sources of firm growth and market power to provide new insights into welfare and policy in a globalized world.Much of analy",{"id":496,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":497,"piName":10,"institution":432,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":498,"abstract":499},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716485","The Design of Social Policy in a Heterogeneous World","€1,497,505","Modern societies are characterized by tremendous heterogeneity in economic outcomes: from heterogeneity in wages and employment, to heterogeneity in capital income, wealth and health outcomes. It is unclear, however, how to map heterogeneity in these outcomes to heterogeneity in welfare. This mapping is crucial for the design of tax and benefit systems, providing insurance against individual risk and redistributing income between individuals, while maintaining proper incentives.The main objectiv",{"id":501,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":502,"piName":10,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":503,"abstract":504},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715452","Understanding the speed limits of magnetism","€1,967,755","While the origin of magnetic order in condensed matter is in the exchange and spin-orbit interactions, with time scales in the subpicosecond ranges, it has been long believed that magnetism could only be manipulated at nanosecond rates, exploiting dipolar interactions with external magnetic fields. However, in the past decade researchers have been able to observe ultrafast magnetic dynamics at its intrinsic time scales without the need for magnetic fields, thus revolutionising the view on the sp",{"id":506,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":507,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":508,"abstract":509},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716083","New Interactions of Combinatorics through Topological Expansions, at the crossroads of Probability, Graph theory, and Mathematical Physics","€1,086,125","The purpose of this project is to use the ubiquitous nature of certain combinatorial topological objects called maps in order to unveil deep connections between several areas of mathematics. Maps, that describe the embedding of a graph into a surface, appear in probability theory, mathematical physics, enumerative geometry or graph theory, and different combinatorial viewpoints on these objects have been developed in connection with each topic. The originality of our project will be to study the",{"id":511,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":512,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":513,"abstract":514},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715939","Nanophononic devices: from phonon networks to phonon CQED","€1,499,375","Phonons (quanta of vibration) play a major role in many of the physical properties of condensed matter. One of the most striking features of acoustic phonons is their ability to interact with virtually any other excitation in solids. Recent progress in the design, fabrication and control of nanomechanical systems has paved the way to explore new frontiers in the classical and quantum worlds. Devices based on semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) have been recently demonstrated to perform as near-idea",{"id":516,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":517,"piName":10,"institution":518,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":519,"abstract":520},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715280","Networking for innovation: how entrepreneurs' network behaviours help clusters to innovate","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","€1,334,616","In recent years, economic geography has strongly embraced the relational approach: entrepreneurs striving to generate innovations have been shown to benefit from embeddedness in local, cohesive networks if these are combined with connectivity to sparse, global ties that bring diversity. With this heightened importance of networks for innovation, it is rather surprising that academic research has nearly entirely overlooked the role of “networking”. Networks are portrayed as if they are formed exc",{"id":522,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":523,"piName":10,"institution":518,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":524,"abstract":525},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715662","Investigating Host-Microbial Interactions after Bariatric Surgery","€1,499,091","Obesity and related co-morbidities give rise to severe health and socioeconomic problems. Surgical treatment for obesity (bariatric surgery) is remarkably effective in the control of morbid obesity and rapid resolution of Type 2 Diabetes, and the number of such procedures is increasing rapidly in many obesity-prevalent countries. We, and others, have demonstrated that surgical interventions such as Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) modulates gut hormone levels, induces systemic metabolic changes a",{"id":527,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":528,"piName":10,"institution":529,"country":373,"year":13,"amount":530,"abstract":531},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714222","The impact of flight experiences on the psychological wellbeing of unaccompanied refugee minors","UNIVERSITEIT GENT","€1,432,500","Since early 2015, the media continuously confront us with images of refugee children drowning in the Mediterranean, surviving in appalling conditions in camps or walking across Europe. Within this group of fleeing children, a considerable number is travelling without parents, the unaccompanied refugee minors. While the media images testify to these flight experiences and their possible huge impact on unaccompanied minors’ wellbeing, there has been no systematic research to fully capture these ex",{"id":533,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":534,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":535,"abstract":536},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714955","Reasoning about Physical properties Of security Protocols with an Application To contactless Systems","€1,499,750","The shrinking size of microprocessors as well as the ubiquity of wireless communication have led to the proliferation of portable computing devices with novel security requirements. Whereas traditional security protocols achieve their security goals relying solely on cryptographic primitives like  encryptions and hash functions, theprotocols employed to secure these devices establish and rely in addition on properties of the physical world. For instance, they may use, as  basic building blocks, ",{"id":538,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":539,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":540,"abstract":541},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714653","Nuclear envelope attachment and dynamics of Human telomeres - unravelling nuclear organization","€1,795,010","The spatial and temporal organization of the nucleus and its components are essential for genome regulation. During interphase of mammalian cells the nuclear envelope maintains the shape and the mechanical integrity of the nucleus, but also provides an anchor for chromatin that is connected to its inner side. This interaction mediates the regulation of gene expression, DNA replication and the maintenance of genome stability. In human cells I found that a large subset of telomeres, the natural en",{"id":543,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":544,"piName":10,"institution":545,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":546,"abstract":547},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714405","Global Methods in the Langlands Program","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€1,094,610","The Langlands program is a conjectural framework for understanding the deep relations between automorphic forms and arithmetic. It implies a parameterization of representations of Galois groups of (local or global) fields in terms of representations of (p-adic or adelic) reductive groups. While making progress in the Langlands program often means overcoming significant technical obstacles, new results can have concrete applications to number theory, the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem by Wiles be",{"id":549,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":550,"piName":10,"institution":321,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":551,"abstract":552},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715807","Miniature beam-driven Plasma ACcelerators","€1,499,472","As we push the frontier of particle physics to higher particle energies, conventional accelerator techniques are attaining their limits and new concepts are emerging. The use of an ionized gas —or plasma— circumvents the most significant barrier of conventional techniques by increasing the energy gained per unit length by several orders of magnitude. One class of plasma accelerators, relevant for high energy physics applications, consists in using a particle beam, « the driver », to excite a pla",{"id":554,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":555,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":556,"abstract":557},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714692","The Enigmatic Universality of Glass","€1,929,479","The explanation for the distinct low temperature behavior of amorphous solids (glasses) is a long-standing open question. Specific puzzles include the nature of the low energy excitations (LEEs) that are responsible for their low temperature thermal and mechanical behavior and the origin of the remarkable universality of their low temperature mechanical dissipation. The phenomenological tunneling model proposes that the LEEs are atomic-scale tunneling two level systems (TLSs) and successfully ex",{"id":559,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":560,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":561,"abstract":562},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757561","High-Resolution Imaging and Spectroscopy of Exoplanets","€1,496,730","Atmospheric composition provides essential markers of the most fundamental properties of exoplanets, such as their formation mechanism or internal structure. New-generation exoplanet imagers have been designed to achieve high contrast for the detection of young giant planets in the near-infrared, but they only provide very low spectral resolutions (R\u003C100) for their characterization. For a major breakthrough in the comprehension of young exoplanets and their atmospheres, an increase of a factor 1",{"id":564,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":565,"piName":10,"institution":566,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":567},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714175","Pathophysiology of platelet-derived Interleukin 1","UNIVERSITATSKLINIKUM BONN","The Interleukin (IL)-1 family of pro-inflammatory cytokines are among the most potent pyrogens, and their excessive production can cause several auto-inflammatory syndromes. Additionally, overabundance of IL-1 cytokines can trigger, or contribute to a range of inflammatory and metabolic disorders. The expression of the key members of the IL-1 family, such as IL-1β and IL-18, is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. IL-1β and IL-18, are produced as inactive precur",{"id":569,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":570,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":571,"abstract":572},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714581","Structure-performance relationships in porous carbons for energy storage","€1,240,318","Supercapacitors are of great interest as energy storage systems because they exhibit very high rates of charge\u002Fdischarge, long cycle lifes, and they are made of cheap and light materials. These attractive properties arise from the electrostatic nature of the charge storage which results from ion adsorption in the electrode pores. Recently, it was demonstrated that ions can enter pores of sub-nanometer sizes leading to a huge increase of capacitance. This was an important breakthrough as the ener",{"id":574,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":575,"piName":10,"institution":576,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":577,"abstract":578},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714427","Authority and Innovation in Early Franciscan Thought (c. 1220-56)","KING'S COLLEGE LONDON","€1,499,095","INNOVATION anticipates a breakthrough in scholarly understanding of the medieval origins of modern Western philosophy. This breakthrough will be achieved by exposing the pioneering nature of early thirteenth-century Franciscan thought and its pivotal significance for the subsequent formation of the Western philosophical identity. The work of early Franciscans has largely been neglected in scholarly circles, on the assumption that they merely codified the work of past authorities, where later Fra",{"id":580,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":581,"piName":10,"institution":582,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":583,"abstract":584},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714519","Persistent and Transportable Hyperpolarization for Magnetic Resonance","UNIVERSITE LYON 1 CLAUDE BERNARD","€1,995,000","Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and are two well-established powerful and versatile tools that are extensively used in many fields of research, in clinics and in industry.Despite considerable efforts involving highly sophisticated instrumentation, these techniques suffer from low sensitivity, which keeps many of today’s most interesting problems in modern analytical sciences below the limits of MR detection. Hyperpolarization (HP) in principle provides a sol",{"id":586,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":587,"piName":10,"institution":588,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":589,"abstract":590},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758813","Genetic, behavioural and cognitive mechanisms underpinning the association between mother and offspring mental health problems: mental (M) health (H) intergenerational transmission (INT) -(MHINT)","THE MANCHESTER METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY","€1,499,611","Despite decades of research, and the introduction of parenting interventions, children of mentally ill mothers remain substantially more likely to have mental health problems themselves. I propose to shed new light on why mental health problems in a mother are passed on to her child, and help break this reinforcing cycle of mental health risk across generations. In order to harness the potential of modifying parenting for the prevention of child mental health risk, I will study parenting using m",{"id":592,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":593,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":594},"cordis-european-research-council-award-679792","The importance of transcriptional coordination during development","Gene expression is precisely controlled in time and space during the development of Metazoan organisms. While numerous studies have established how spatial information is integrated by gene regulatory regions, called enhancers, little is known about the temporal aspects of transcription. Most of our insights into gene regulation stem from the use of fixed preparations where timing is artificially reconstituted from different snapshots. My goal is to integrate the dynamic aspects of transcription",{"id":596,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":597,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":598,"abstract":599},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715579","Photosynthesis in PHYTOplankton Mixtures to Investigate Community Structuration.","€1,424,813","Phytoplankton is not only at the basis of the marine food chain but also an important buffer of climate changes, given that marine photosynthesis is responsible of 50% of the CO2 fixation on Earth. Despite their central roles in the Ocean, our understanding of the forces that shape the dynamics and structuration of phytoplankton communities is still limited by major methodological constraints in the marine environment. Prominent among them is the difficulty to simultaneously measure physiologica",{"id":601,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":602,"piName":10,"institution":394,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":603},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716132","Functional genomics in Schizophyllum commune: leveraging the diversity in this hypervariable fungus to understand mushroom development","Mushrooms are the sexual reproductive structures of basidiomycetes. Much remains to be learned about the molecular regulation of mushroom development. Only a few genes have been implicated in this process, but their exact function remains unknown. Schizophyllum commune is a model system for mushroom-forming fungi. It was recently shown that this species shows the highest intraspecies DNA variability in eukaryotes with 150 SNPs per 1000 base pairs, yet they can still reproduce sexually. This hype",{"id":605,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":606,"piName":10,"institution":607,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":608},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715009","Mitochondrial methylation and its role in health and disease","KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET","Mitochondria and mitochondrial function have gained increased attention within a wide range of clinical and scientific specialities, but exactly how mitochondria impact the rest of the cell is less well understood. Not only are mitochondria implicated in a range of rare genetic disorders, but dysfunction of mitochondria or reduced bioenergetic capacity has been associated with common diseases including cancer, heart failure, neurodegeneration and diabetes mellitus, as well as natural ageing. It ",{"id":610,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":611,"piName":10,"institution":394,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":612,"abstract":613},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716971","Understanding information for legal protection of people against information-induced harms","€1,499,650","Information can harm people. Think of being denied mortgage or insurance based on your grocery shopping or online surfing profile. But what exactly is it in information that is harmful, and how can people be protected? The current legal answer is that protection (data protection principles, rights and obligations) is granted when a) there is information b) about or potentially affecting a person c) who is identified or identifiable. This is Personally Identifiable Information (PII). But now that",{"id":615,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":616,"piName":10,"institution":617,"country":420,"year":13,"amount":618,"abstract":619},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714366","Novel therapeutic approaches to improve gastrointestinal wound healing","UNIVERSITAT WIEN","€1,487,396","The gastrointestinal epithelium is a major physical barrier that protects us from diverse and potentially immunogenic or toxic content. A compromised epithelium results in increased permeability to such content, thus leading to inflammation, immune response, pain, and diseases, such as irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. A therapeutic strategy that controls inflammation and restores the barrier represents an innovative approach for the prevention and treatment of such diseas",{"id":621,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":622,"piName":10,"institution":623,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":624,"abstract":625},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715770","Elementary quantum dot networks enabled by on-chip nano-optomechanical systems","GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ UNIVERSITAET HANNOVER","€1,774,693","Is there any limit to the size of a quantum system? How large and how small can it be? Both questions are related to scalability, a most critical issue in quantum technologies. A scalable quantum network, which can be extended almost infinitely, is built by entangling individual quantum systems, e.g. atoms. It will provide thrilling opportunities across a range of intellectual and technical frontiers in quantum information science. Building such a network is however a great challenge, in both ph",{"id":627,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":628,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":629},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716314","Lanthanides as electron Dimmer switch in organometallic catalysis","Complexes containing redox non-innocent ligands have been well developed in the last decade with transition metal ions and have led to very important chemical transformations at lowest environmental and economic costs. Nonetheless examples with f-element are very rare and the field is almost empty with lanthanides. This is unfortunate since divalent lanthanides are excellent sources of single electron and would provide a good control of the ligand reduction because of strong electron correlation",{"id":631,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":632,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":633,"abstract":634},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714934","Control of Bacterial Multidrug Tolerance and Stress Response by Alarmone Synthetase SpoT","€1,494,042","Difficult-to-treat chronic and recurrent bacterial infections are often caused by bacteria that are sensitive to commonly used antibiotics. The reasons for this recalcitrance are frequently unknown. However, when grown in the laboratory, all bacteria, including major pathogens form persister cells that are multidrug tolerant, a phenomenon thought to be a major factor underlying recalcitrant infections. We observed that the general bacterial stress response, known as “the stringent response”, pla",{"id":636,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":637,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":638,"abstract":639},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716931","Gestures in nonhuman and human primates, a landmark of language in the brain? Searching for the origins of brain specialization for language","€1,499,192","Most of language functions are under the left brain control in both left- and right-handers and involve structural asymmetries between the two hemispheres. While this asymmetry was considered as associated with handedness, such a relation has been recently questioned. Considering the strong language\u002Fgesture links in humans and the continuities between the gestural system in apes and monkeys and some language properties, we recently suggested the hypothesis of a continuity between language latera",{"id":641,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":642,"piName":10,"institution":71,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":643,"abstract":644},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715982","Discrete Groups and Geometric Structures","€1,049,182","Discrete subgroups of Lie groups, whose study originated in Fuchsian differential equations and crystallography at the end of the 19th century, are the basis of a large aspect of modern geometry. They are the object of fundamental theories such as Teichmüller theory, Kleinian groups, rigidity theories for lattices, homogeneous dynamics, and most recently Higher Teichmüller theory. They are closely related to the notion of a geometric structure on a manifold, which has played a crucial role in ge",{"id":646,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":647,"piName":10,"institution":648,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":649},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715502","Illuminating Atomic Scale Processes in Liquids and Gases","THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER","EvoluTEM: Illuminating Atomic Scale Processes in Liquids and GasesObjective 1: To build new capability in atomic resolution environmental imaging and analysis. Objective 2: To apply this platform to synthesise new photonic nanomaterials with enhanced performance.The vision is to design, construct, and make available the next generation of multifunctional in situ specimen holders for the scanning \u002Ftransmission electron microscope (S\u002FTEM). This new experimental resource will enable ground-breaking",{"id":651,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":652,"piName":10,"institution":292,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":653,"abstract":654},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714069","The Collaborative Seismic Earth Model Project","€1,367,500","Seismic tomography images of the Earth's interior are key to the characterisation of earthquakes, natural resource exploration, seismic risk assessment, tsunami warning, and studies of geodynamic processes. While tomography has drawn a fascinating picture of our planet, today's individual researchers can exploit only a fraction of the rapidly expanding seismic data volume. Applications relying on tomographic images lag behind their potential; fundamental questions remain unanswered: Do mantle pl",{"id":656,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":657,"piName":10,"institution":658,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":535,"abstract":659},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714226","Targeting the transcriptional landscape in infant AML","JOHANN WOLFGANG GOETHE-UNIVERSITAET FRANKFURT AM MAIN","Infant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a dismal prognosis, with a high prevalence of unfavorable features and increased susceptibility to therapy-related toxicities, highlighting the need for innovative treatment approaches. Despite the discovery of an enormous number and diversity of transcriptional products arising from the previously presumed wastelands of the non-protein-coding genome, our knowledge of non-coding RNAs is far from being incorporated into standards of AML diagnosis and treatm",{"id":661,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":662,"piName":10,"institution":663,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":374,"abstract":664},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759296","Engineering T cells and B cells for Immunotherapy using V(D)J recombination","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","T cell engineering has shown clinical success mainly in haematological cancers, but scaling up is challenging due to reliance on ex vivo manipulations. In addition, B cell engineering has not shown therapeutic efficacy to date. Here, we propose a novel immunotherapy approach, allowing safe and efficient engineering of B cells and T cells, both ex vivo and in vivo. We will use adeno associated vectors (AAV) to integrate chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) or T cell receptor (TCR) genes into loci codi",{"id":666,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":667,"piName":10,"institution":668,"country":669,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":670},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716063","Informatics approaches for the rational selection of personalized cancer drug combinations","HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO","FI","Making cancer treatment more personalized and effective is one of the grand challenges in our health care system. However, many drugs have entered clinical trials but so far showed limited efficacy or induced rapid development of resistance. We critically need multi-targeted drug combinations, which shall selectively inhibit the cancer cells and block the emergence of drug resistance. This project will develop mathematical and computational tools to identify drug combinations that can be used to",{"id":672,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":673,"piName":10,"institution":674,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":675,"abstract":676},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714147","Dynamic Mechanisms","UNIVERSITY OF ESSEX","€1,321,625","This project studies dynamic mechanisms.  By “dynamic mechanisms”, we mean policies to which a principal (e.g., a seller, an employer, or a regulator) can commit to induce the agents (e.g., buyers, employees, or regulated firms) to take the desired actions over time.  Several components of the project are envisaged: - Competition in dynamic mechanisms.  o I propose a competitive setting in which agents (e.g., buyers or workers) learn about the offers of different principals over time.  Agents ma",{"id":678,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":679,"piName":10,"institution":680,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":681,"abstract":682},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714866","Repair of Junctional Atrioventricular Conduction and Impulse Formation","ACADEMISCH MEDISCH CENTRUM BIJ DE UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM","€1,499,995","Background: To bypass hardware-related complication there have been substantial efforts to create biological pacemakers. Effective strategies have been identified and are now being refined for delivery of long-term function and clinical application. Yet, currently developed biological pacemakers only provide pacing to atrium or ventricle thereby aiming at ~20% of pacemaker patients. To unleash the full potential of biological pacing, targeting virtually every pacemaker patient, effective repair ",{"id":684,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":685,"piName":10,"institution":686,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":687,"abstract":688},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715243","How to build a brain? Engineering molecular systems for mechanosensation and -protection in neurons","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE CIENCIES FOTONIQUES","€1,829,288","Mechanical forces are ubiquitous signals that provide critical and dynamic information about the environments around cells and organisms. Signals about touch, sound, and movements are transmitted to specialized mechanoreceptors but also deform the neuronal cytoskeleton of the central nervous system, particularly when strong forces are involved. Although failures to sense and cope with stresses are linked to human diseases including peripheral neuropathies and dementias, little is known about the",{"id":690,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":691,"piName":10,"institution":153,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":692,"abstract":693},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716323","Lifespan Inequalities: Why the age-at-death distribution varies between countries and socioeconomic groups","€1,479,105","Individuals and populations are surviving to ever higher ages. A crucial and timely question for policymakers is whether to direct limited resources toward future life expectancy increases or toward reductions of inequalities in longevity. These inequalities, hereafter referred to as lifespan inequality but also known as age-at-death variation, are large, infrequently summarized, and impose major costs on individuals and society. In order to formulate effective policies to reduce lifespan inequa",{"id":695,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":696,"piName":10,"institution":210,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":697,"abstract":698},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759552","Stereoretentive-Enantioconvergent Catalysis: A New Concept in Asymmetric Synthesis","€1,498,915","This project will experimentally establish a new concept in asymmetric synthesis: stereoretentive-enantioconvergent catalysis. This will represent a completely new method for accessing enantiopure materials starting from racemic substrates and will therefore impact all areas of synthetic chemistry. The ability to synthesise chiral molecules in enantiopure form is vitally important, most recognisably for the pharmaceutical industry. This is because the molecules of life are chiral (e.g., D-sugars",{"id":700,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":701,"piName":10,"institution":702,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":703,"abstract":704},"cordis-european-research-council-award-679038","Multi Ion Reflection Apparatus for Collinear Laser Spectroscopy of radionuclides","ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE","€1,463,750","Employing laser spectroscopy (LS) to study radionuclides is equally rich in its long tradition as it is manifold in its active pursuit today as virtually all radioactive ion beam (RIB) facilities do or are planning to host dedicated setups. Probing the hyperfine structure of an atom or ion with laser light is a powerful technique to infer nuclear properties such as a nuclide’s spin, charge radius, or electromagnetic moments. This information provides insight into a wide range of contemporary que",{"id":706,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":707,"piName":10,"institution":663,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":708,"abstract":709},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715362","Structured nonlinear Metamaterials for efficient generation and Active functional control of Radiation of THz light","€1,937,500","The terahertz optical regime, covering the long wavelength end of the optical spectrum, has been for many years the least explored spectral regime. Recent interest in this regime has led to important emerging applications spanning many disciplines including medical, biological, materials sciences, communications, security, and basic sciences. However, advances in these emerging applications are held back by the lack of good and controllable terahertz light sources.I propose to lead a potential b",{"id":711,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":712,"piName":10,"institution":321,"country":65,"year":13,"amount":713,"abstract":714},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714027","Individual and Collective Swimming of Active Microparticles","€1,497,698","Bacteria are tiny; yet their collective dynamics generate large-scale flows and profoundly modify a fluid’s viscosity or diffusivity. So do autophoretic microswimmers, an example of active microscopic particles that draw their motion from physico-chemical exchanges with their environment. How do such ``active fluids'' turn individual microscopic propulsion into macroscopic fluid dynamics? What controls this self-organization process? These are fundamental questions for biologists but also for en",{"id":716,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":717,"piName":10,"institution":292,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":718,"abstract":719},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716140","UNDERSTANDING THE METABOLIC CROSSTALK BETWEEN THE MUSCLE AND THE ENDOTHELIUM: IMPLICATIONS FOR EXERCISE TRAINING AND INSULIN RESISTANCE","€1,498,823","Obesity has become a leading medical disorder, which is associated with life threatening conditions such as glucose intolerance, insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). In the maintenance of glucose homeostasis, muscle is a critical organ and current health recommendations include regular physical activity as a cornerstone in the prevention and treatment of IR\u002FT2D. The development of exercise mimetics has been proposed as a novel therapeutic strategy, but this has failed so far. This ",{"id":721,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":722,"piName":10,"institution":723,"country":724,"year":13,"amount":725,"abstract":726},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715043","Synergy and antagonism of cholinergic and dopaminergic systems in associative learning","HUN-REN KISERLETI ORVOSTUDOMANYI  KUTATOINTEZET","HU","€1,499,463","Neuromodulators such as acetylcholine and dopamine are able to rapidly reprogram neuronal information processing and dynamically change brain states. Degeneration or dysfunction of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons can lead to neuropsychiatric conditions like schizophrenia and addiction or cognitive diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Neuromodulatory systems control overlapping cognitive processes and often have similar modes of action; therefore it is important to reveal cooperation and competitio",{"id":728,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":729,"piName":10,"institution":730,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":731,"abstract":732},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714068","Single-Molecule And Structural Studies Of ATP-Dependent Chromatin Remodelling","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","€1,498,954","The packaging of genetic information into chromatin regulates a wide range of vital processes that depend on direct access to the DNA template. Many chromatin-interacting complexes impact chromatin structure and their aberrant regulation or dysfunction has been implicated in various cancers and severe developmental disorders. A better understanding of the roles of chromatin-interacting complexes in such disease states requires a detailed mechanistic study. Many chromatin-interacting complexes mo",{"id":734,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":735,"piName":10,"institution":736,"country":724,"year":13,"amount":737,"abstract":738},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716155","Structured ACCREtion Disks: initial conditions for planet formation in the time domain","HUN-REN CSILLAGASZATI ES FOLDTUDOMANYI KUTATOKOZPONT","€1,370,200","In this ERC Starting Grant, I propose an ambitious research program to target important challenges in predicting realistic initial conditions for the planet formation process. I will perform a large systematic study of the accretion-driven eruptions of newborn stars, and evaluate their influence on the structure, composition, and chemistry of the terrestrial planet forming zone in the circumstellar disk. The research will focus on three main questions:- How does the mass accretion proceed in rea",{"id":740,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":741,"piName":10,"institution":742,"country":420,"year":13,"amount":743,"abstract":744},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715767","MATERIALIZABLE: Intelligent fabrication-oriented Computational Design and Modeling","INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUSTRIA","€1,497,730","While access to 3D-printing technology becomes ubiquitous and provides revolutionary possibilities for fabricating complex, functional, multi-material objects with stunning properties, its potential impact is currently significantly limited due to the lack of efficient and intuitive methods for content creation. Existing tools are usually restricted to expert users, have been developed based on the capabilities of traditional manufacturing processes, and do not sufficiently take fabrication cons",{"id":746,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":747,"piName":10,"institution":663,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":748,"abstract":749},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714224","T6SS MIX-effectors: secretion, activities and use as antibacterial treatment","€1,484,375","Bacteria use various mechanisms to combat competitors and colonize new niches. The Type VI Secretion System (T6SS), a contact-dependent protein delivery apparatus, is a widespread, recently discovered machine used by Gram-negative bacteria to target competitors. Its toxicity is mediated by secreted proteins called effectors, yet the identity of many effectors, the mechanism of secretion of different effector classes, and their toxic activities remain largely unknown. I recently uncovered a wides",{"id":751,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":752,"piName":10,"institution":617,"country":420,"year":13,"amount":753,"abstract":754},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716024","Emergent properties of cell surface glycosylation in cell-cell communication","€1,499,813","The surface of every living cell is covered with a dense matrix of glycans. Its particular composition and structure codes important messages in cell-cell communication, influencing development, differentiation, and immunological processes. The matrix is formed by highly complex biopolymers whose compositions vary from cell to cell, even between genetically identical cells. This gives rise to population noise in cell-cell communication. A second level of noise stems from glycans present on the s",{"id":756,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":757,"piName":10,"institution":394,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":758,"abstract":759},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715842","‘This country is ours’: Collective psychological OWNERShip and ethnic attitudes","€1,499,082","Even in the absence of legal ownership, people tend to experience objects, places, and ideas as belonging to them (‘mine’). This state of mind is called psychological ownership. Research has shown that experiences of ownership are very important for individuals, but can also lead to interpersonal conflicts. What we know almost nothing about is collective psychological ownership (CPO): a shared sense that something is ‘ours’. CPO might be especially relevant with regard to territories and in the ",{"id":761,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":762,"piName":10,"institution":763,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":764,"abstract":765},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714874","Ethnobotany of divided generations in the context of centralization","UNIVERSITA CA' FOSCARI  VENEZIA","€1,496,675","Understanding the logics of obtaining, managing and perceiving of local natural resources, particularly plants, is crucial for ensuring sustainability of human life, as the use of plants is a key for survival of humans. The proposed research will create an advanced understanding of the mechanisms of changes in ethnobotanical knowledge experienced by traditional societies\u002Fminor ethnic groups when dominating group try to unify and\u002For erode this practical knowledge. It will also evaluate the effect",{"id":767,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":768,"piName":10,"institution":545,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":769,"abstract":770},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716643","Flexible and robust nervous system function from reconfiguring networks","€1,299,191","It is now possible to monitor and manipulate neurons in live, awake animals, revealing how patterns of neural activity represent information and give rise to behaviour. Very recent experiments show that many circuits have physiology and connectivity that is highly variable and that changes continually, even when an animal’s behaviour and environment are stable. Existing theories of brain function assume that neural circuit parameters only change as required during learning and development. This ",{"id":772,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":773,"piName":10,"institution":774,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":775,"abstract":776},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716966","A Flexible Platform for the Application of SAM-dependent enzymes","ALBERT-LUDWIGS-UNIVERSITAET FREIBURG","€1,499,219","AppSAM will unlock the synthetic capability of S-adenosyl¬methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferases and radical SAM enzymes for application in environmentally friendly and fully sustainable reactions. The biotechnological application of these enzymes will provide access to chemo-, regio- and stereoselective methylations and alkylations, as well as to a wide range of complex rearrangement reactions that are currently not possible through traditional approaches. Methylation reactions are of pa",{"id":778,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":779,"piName":10,"institution":668,"country":669,"year":13,"amount":780,"abstract":781},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716162","Elucidation of intratumoral heterogeneity in Kras-driven cancers","€1,972,905","The considerable variability within tissue microenvironments as well as the multiclonality of cancers leads to intratumoral heterogeneity. This increases the probablility of cellular states that promote resistance to therapy and eventually lead to reconstitution of the tumor by treatment-resistant cancer cells, which in some cases have properties of normal tissue stem cells. Wnt signals are important in the maintenance of stem cells in various epithelial tissues, including in lung development an",{"id":783,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":784,"piName":10,"institution":785,"country":786,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":787},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716998","A genomics and systems biology approach to explore the molecular signature and functional consequences of long-term, structured fasting in humans","EREVNITIKO KENTRO VIOIATRIKON EPISTIMON ALEXANDROS FLEMINGK","EL","Dietary intake has an enormous impact on aspects of human health, yet scientific consensus about how what we eat affects our biology remains elusive. To address the complex biological impact of diet, I propose to apply an unconventional, ‘humans-as-model-organisms’ approach to compare the molecular and functional effects of a highly structured dietary regime, specified by the Eastern Orthodox Christian Church (EOCC), to the unstructured diet followed by the general population. Individuals who fo",{"id":789,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":790,"piName":10,"institution":791,"country":669,"year":13,"amount":792,"abstract":793},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715788","Unlocking the Entire Wood Matrix for the Next Generation of Carbon Fibers","AALTO KORKEAKOULUSAATIO SR","€1,481,008","WoCaFi envisions a game-changing approach for the production of bio-based carbon fibers in which the drawbacks of traditional cellulose and lignin fibers are entirely bypassed by a new type of hybrid precursor fibers containing simultaneously all wood biopolymers cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin.These unique fully wood-based multi-component filaments are accessible via a novel ionic liquid-based dry-jet wet spinning technique. The process provides the possibility to orientate lignin and hemic",{"id":795,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":796,"piName":10,"institution":797,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":798,"abstract":799},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716734","Interaction Dynamics of Bacterial Biofilms with Bacteriophages","UNIVERSITAT BASEL","€1,494,963","Biofilms are antibiotic-resistant, sessile bacterial communities that occupy most moist surfaces on Earth and represent a major mode of bacterial life. Another common feature of bacterial life is exposure to viral parasites (termed phages), which are a dominant force in bacterial population control throughout nature. Surprisingly, almost nothing is known about the interactions between biofilm-dwelling bacteria and phages. This proposal is designed to fill this gap using a combination of novel me",{"id":801,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":802,"piName":10,"institution":803,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":804,"abstract":805},"cordis-european-research-council-award-677627","Exposure to Political Violence and Individual Behavior","UNIVERSITY OF WARWICK","€938,184","This project will explore how exposure to political violence in a civil conflict context impacts upon social, economic and political behavior of individuals. It has three legs. In the first leg I will analyze the association between political and domestic violence. Specifically, I will test the hypothesis that those exposed to political violence are more likely to be perpetrators of domestic violence. In the second leg I will analyze whether exposure to political violence impacts upon economic b",{"id":807,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":808,"piName":10,"institution":809,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":810,"abstract":811},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715127","IMPACT OF DNA REPLICATION ON EPIGENETICS","UNIVERSITY OF DUNDEE","€1,444,081","During lineage propagation, cells must duplicate their genetic and epigenetic information to maintain cell identity. However, the mechanisms underlying the maintenance of epigenetic information in dividing cells remain largely unknown.In S phase, progression of DNA replication forks provokes a genome-wide disruption of the epigenetic information. While nucleosomes are rapidly reassembled on newly replicated DNA, full restoration of epigenetic information is not completed until after mitosis. Thi",{"id":813,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":814,"piName":10,"institution":663,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":513,"abstract":815},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757497","from SPArsity to DEep learning","Lately, deep learning (DL) has become one of the most powerful machine learning tools with ground-breaking results in computer vision, signal & image processing, language processing, and many other domains. However, one of its main deficiencies is the lack of theoretical foundation. While some theory has been developed, it is widely agreed that DL is not well-understood yet.A proper understanding of the learning mechanism and architecture is very likely to broaden the great success to new fields",{"id":817,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":818,"piName":10,"institution":819,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":820,"abstract":821},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714666","Emotional Machines: The Technological Transformation of Intimacy in Japan","FREIE UNIVERSITAET BERLIN","€1,489,919","EMTECH analyzes the relationship between aesthetic works on human-robot interaction in Japan and cutting-edge advances in robotics and artificial intelligence. Its central hypothesis argues that a tradition of literary, artistic, and other media forms of cultural production on human-robot relationships particular to Japan is currently being built into emotionally-intelligent companion robots with the ability to understand, record, and elicit emotions in its users, consequently expanding the capa",{"id":823,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":824,"piName":10,"institution":825,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":253,"abstract":826},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716142","Unravelling the Nature of Green Organic “On-Water” Catalysis via Novel Quantum Chemical Methods","UNIVERSITAET PADERBORN","The target of the research program, GreenOnWaterCat, is to revolutionize the understanding of green “on-water” catalysis and to unravel its microscopic origin. To enable these goals to be reached, several novel theoretical methods will be developed and implemented that will enable for unprecedented large-scale quantum molecular dynamics simulations, where both the electronic and nuclear Schrödinger equations are solved simultaneously. In addition, these methods will also allow the efficient comp",{"id":828,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":829,"piName":10,"institution":449,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":830,"abstract":831},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715031","Unique Method for a Neutron Electric Dipole Moment Search using a Pulsed Beam","€1,404,062","My research encompasses the application of novel methods and strategies in the field of low energy particle physics. The goal of the presented program is to lead an independent and highly competitive experiment to search for a CP violating neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM), as well as for new exotic interactions using highly sensitive neutron and proton spin resonance techniques.The measurement of the nEDM is considered to be one of the most important fundamental physics experiments at low e",{"id":833,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":834,"piName":10,"institution":331,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":835,"abstract":836},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716559","A bottom-up topological superconductor based on quantum dot arrays","€1,750,625","The realization of a topological superconductor (TS) and of Majorana fermion (MF) quasiparticles promises to open new avenues towards decoherence-robust topological quantum computing. However, further developments in this direction, including the investigation of their topological properties, have been hindered by the lack of a fully conclusive demonstration. In setups based on 1D nanostructures, e.g. semiconductor nanowires and magnetic adatom chains, this is linked to the difficulty to unambig",{"id":838,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":839,"piName":10,"institution":840,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":841,"abstract":842},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715656","Non AdS holography and generalized geometric structures","UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM","€1,300,775","Holography is by now a fundamental tool in the understanding of both strongly coupled conformal field theories (CFTs) and quantum theories of gravity. While holography in Anti de Sitter (AdS) space-times is rather well understood, we currently lack a basic picture of what it means in non-AdS space-times. Considering non-AdS space-times is an essential and urgent next step in the study of quantum gravity as we seem to live in a universe with a positive cosmological constant that is approaching de",{"id":844,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":845,"piName":10,"institution":455,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":846,"abstract":847},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716458","Investigating the predictors of intimate partner violence: A mixed method longitudinal study in Tanzania","€1,499,094","This study proposes a major advance in research on intimate partner violence (IPV), a prominent public health and human rights issue. Worldwide, it is estimated that one in three women experience physical and\u002For sexual violence by a partner in their lifetime, with even higher rates reported in sub-Saharan Africa (WHO 2013). Cross-sectional surveys have documented the adverse health impacts of IPV and the factors that increase risk of female victimisation and male perpetration. Nonetheless, theor",{"id":849,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":850,"piName":10,"institution":851,"country":420,"year":13,"amount":852,"abstract":853},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715594","Towards chemical accuracy in computational materials science","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN","€1,460,826","This project aims at the development of a novel toolbox of ab-initio methods that approximate the true many-electron wavefunction using systematically improvable perturbation and coupled-cluster theories. The demand and prospects for these methods are excellent given that the highly-accurate coupled-cluster theories can predict atomization- and reaction energies in a wide range of solids and molecules with chemical accuracy (≈43 meV). However, the computational cost involved inhibits their wides",{"id":855,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":856,"piName":10,"institution":857,"country":264,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":858},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716792","Solar Energy Conversion without Solid State Architectures: Pushing the Boundaries of Photoconversion Efficiencies at Self-healing Photosensitiser Functionalised Soft Interfaces","UNIVERSITY OF LIMERICK","Innovations in solar energy conversion are required to meet humanity’s growing energy demand, while reducing reliance on fossil fuels. All solar energy conversion devices harvest light and then separate photoproducts, minimising recombination. Normally charge separation takes place at the surface of nanostructured electrodes, often covered with photosensitiser molecules such as in dye-sensitised solar cells; DSSCs. However, the use solid state architectures made from inorganic materials leads to",{"id":860,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":861,"piName":10,"institution":648,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":862},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715051","Fundamental Physics Using Black Widow, Redback and Transitional Pulsar Binaries","I will use an innovative coupled approach to facilitate a paradigm shift in the use of neutron stars as a probe of high energy physics. The compactness, rapid rotation and large magnetic fields of neutron stars make them, along with black holes, the most extreme objects found in our Universe. Neutron stars are therefore formidable laboratories to study fundamental physics, as they allow us to probe regimes simply unavailable to Earth-based experiments. However, in spite of their potential utilit",{"id":864,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":865,"piName":10,"institution":866,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":867,"abstract":868},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716151","Bias and Clustering Calculations Optimised: Maximising discovery with galaxy surveys","FUNDACION DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CENTER","€1,484,240","A new generation of galaxy surveys will soon start measuring the spatial distribution of millions of galaxies over a broad range of redshifts, offering an imminent opportunity to discover new physics. A detailed comparison of these measurements with theoretical models of galaxy clustering may reveal a new fundamental particle, a breakdown of General Relativity, or a hint on the nature of cosmic acceleration. Despite a large progress in the analytic treatment of structure formation in recent year",{"id":870,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":871,"piName":10,"institution":872,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":873,"abstract":874},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714793","Atmospheric Pressure plAsma meets biomaterials for bone Cancer HEaling","UNIVERSITAT POLITECNICA DE CATALUNYA","€1,499,887","Cold atmospheric pressure plasmas (APP) have been reported to selectively kill cancer cells without damaging the surrounding tissues. Studies have been conducted on a variety of cancer types but to the best of our knowledge not on any kind of bone cancer. Treatment options for bone cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, etc. and may involve the use of bone grafting biomaterials to replace the surgically removed bone.APACHE brings a totally different and ground-breaking approach in the design of a",{"id":876,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":877,"piName":10,"institution":742,"country":420,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":878},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715571","Microglia action towards neuronal circuit formation and function in health and disease","Constructing a neuronal circuit requires a firework of developmental events: First, the desired cell types have to be generated and wired correctly. Random propagating burst of action potentials among neighboring cells are shaping the functional maturation of these cell types, which later will be activity-dependent refined. Microglia are exposed to this environment from the beginning and show throughout development a morphological “activated”, phagocytic state. However, microglia have been prove",{"id":880,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":881,"piName":10,"institution":730,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":882,"abstract":883},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714102","Chemistry and Biology in Synergy -  Studies of hydrogenases using a combination of synthetic chemistry and biological tools","€1,494,880","My proposal aims to take advantage of my ground-breaking finding that it is possible to mature, or activate, the [FeFe] hydrogenase enzyme (HydA) using synthetic mimics of its catalytic [2Fe] cofactor. (Berggren et al, Nature, 2013) We will now explore the chemistry and (bio-)technological potential of the enzyme using an interdisciplinary approach ranging from in vivo biochemical studies all the way to synthetic model chemistry. Hydrogenases catalyse the interconversion between protons and H2 w",{"id":885,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":886,"piName":10,"institution":331,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":887,"abstract":888},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714870","Modification of Molecular structure Under Strong Coupling to confined Light modES","€1,499,500","Understanding and controlling the properties of matter is one of the overarching goals of modern science. A powerful way to achieve is this by using light, usually in the form of intense laser beams. However, modern advances in nanophotonics allow us to confine light modes so strongly that their effect on matter is felt even when no external fields are present. In this regime of “strong coupling” or “vacuum Rabi splitting”, the fundamental excitations of the coupled system are hybrid light-matte",{"id":890,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":891,"piName":10,"institution":892,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":893,"abstract":894},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716216","Bombs, Banks and Sanctions: A Sociology of the Transnational Legal Field of Nuclear Nonproliferation","FONDATION POUR L INSTITUT DE HAUTES ETUDES INTERNATIONALES ET DU DEVELOPPEMENT","€1,499,788","As the critical sanctions against Iran’s nuclear program demonstrate, the implementation of sanctions (SANCT) against nuclear proliferators (PRO) has lead to the creation of a global system of surveillance of the financial dealings of all states, banks and individuals, fostered by the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) resolutions. This is a new and unprecedented development in transnational governance. This research will apply a sociological perspective to the study of this new “transnation",{"id":896,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":897,"piName":10,"institution":898,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":899,"abstract":900},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714626","Modeling the Gravitational Spectrum of Neutron Star Binaries","FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA","€1,432,301","The most energetic electromagnetic phenomena in the Universe are believed to be powered by the collision of two neutron stars, the smallest and densest stars on which surface gravity is about 2 billion times stronger than gravity on Earth. However, a definitive identification of neutron star mergers as central engines for short-gamma-ray bursts and kilonovae transients is possible only by direct gravitational-wave observations. The latter provide us with unique information on neutron stars' mass",{"id":902,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":903,"piName":10,"institution":124,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":904,"abstract":905},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715582","Analysing South-South Humanitarian Responses to Displacement from Syria: Views from Lebanon, Jordan and Turkey","€1,498,069","Since 2012, over 4 million people have fled Syria in ‘the most dramatic humanitarian crisis that we have ever faced’ (UNHCR). By November 2015 there were 1,078,338 refugees from Syria in Lebanon, 630,776 in Jordan and 2,181,293 in Turkey. Humanitarian agencies and donor states from both the global North and the global South have funded and implemented aid programmes, and yet commentators have argued that civil society groups from the global South are the most significant actors supporting refuge",{"id":907,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":908,"piName":10,"institution":366,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":909,"abstract":910},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758572","Visualizing melting magnetic order and spin fluctuations in the cuprates","€1,847,500","The aim of this proposal is to bring new insight and understanding into the remarkable phase diagram of the cuprates, representing the larger family of unconventional superconductors, by visualizing the process of melting magnetic order and the resulting spin fluctuations (magnons) on the atomic scale.The cuprate phase diagram not only represents many of the long-standing, core problems in physics, but also is remarkably similar to all other families of unconventional superconductors. It is my o",{"id":912,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":913,"piName":10,"institution":914,"country":915,"year":13,"amount":916,"abstract":917},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714704","Cuts and decompositions: algorithms and combinatorial properties","UNIWERSYTET WARSZAWSKI","PL","€1,228,250","In this proposal we plan to extend mathematical foundations of algorithms for various variants of the minimum cut problem within theoretical computer science.Recent advances in understanding the structure of small cuts and tractability of cut problems resulted in a mature algorithmic toolbox for undirected graphs under the paradigm of parameterized complexity. In this position, we now aim at a full understanding of the tractability of cut problems in the more challenging case of directed graphs,",{"id":919,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":920,"piName":10,"institution":112,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":921,"abstract":922},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716736","Proving or improving yourself: longitudinal effects of ability beliefs on neural feedback processing and school outcomes","€1,597,291","To successfully complete secondary education, persistent learning behavior is essential. Why are some adolescents more resilient to setbacks at school than others? In addition to actual ability, students’ implicit beliefs about the nature of their abilities have major impact on their motivation and achievements. Ability beliefs range from viewing abilities as “entities” that cannot be improved much by effort (entity beliefs), to believing that they are incremental with effort and time (increment",{"id":924,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":925,"piName":10,"institution":742,"country":420,"year":13,"amount":926,"abstract":927},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756502","Circuits of Visual Attention","€1,446,542","The evolutionary arms race has optimized and shaped the way animals attend to relevant sensory stimuli in an ever-changing environment. This is a complex task, because the vast majority of sensory experiences are not relevant. In humans, attentional disorders are a serious public health concern because of its high prevalence, but its causes are mostly unknown. In this proposal, I will explore the neuronal mechanisms used by the nervous system to attend visual cues to enable appropriate behaviors",{"id":929,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":930,"piName":10,"institution":931,"country":915,"year":13,"amount":932,"abstract":933},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715048","Entrapment of Hypoxic Cancer by Macrophages Loaded with HAP","SZKOLA GLOWNA GOSPODARSTWA WIEJSKIEGO","€1,413,750","The proposed project seeks to open a new research front within the field of drug delivery to the solid tumours. Unsatisfactory response of tumours to chemotherapy is mainly related to impaired diffusion of the anticancer drug because of decreased drug uptake due to poor vasculature. Moreover, the drug is not able to penetrate the most hypoxic sites. Cells from these ‘untreated’ sites are responsible for relapse and metastasis. However, these avascular regions attract macrophages that migrate eve",{"id":935,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":936,"piName":10,"institution":937,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":938},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714776","Operator Based Representations for Geometry Processing","TECHNION - ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY","Geometric data is prevalent in many areas of science and technology. From the surface of the brain to the intricate shapes of free-form architecture, complex geometric structures arise in many fields, and problems such as analysis, processing and synthesis of geometric data are of great importance.One major challenge in tackling such problems is choosing an adequate discrete representation of the geometric data. Traditionally, surface geometric data is treated as an irregularly sampled signal in",{"id":940,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":941,"piName":10,"institution":942,"country":130,"year":13,"amount":943,"abstract":944},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715744","Pareto-Optimal Parameterized Algorithms","UNIVERSITETET I BERGEN","€1,499,557","In this project we revise the foundations of parameterized complexity, a modern multi-variate approach to algorithm design. The underlying question of every algorithmic paradigm is ``what is the best algorithm?'' When the running time of algorithms is measured in terms of only one variable, it is easy to compare which one is the fastest. However, when the running time depends on more than one variable, as is the case for parameterized complexity:**It is not clear what a ``fastest possible algori",{"id":946,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":947,"piName":10,"institution":269,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":948},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716980","Confidentiality-preserving Security Assurance","This proposal aims to create a new generation of security assurance. It investigates whether one can certify an inter-connected dynamically changing system in such a way that one can prove its security properties without disclosing sensitive information about the system's blueprint. This has several compelling advantages. First, the security of large-scale dynamically changing systems will be significantly improved. Second, we can prove properties of topologies, hosts and users who participate i",{"id":950,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":951,"piName":10,"institution":668,"country":669,"year":13,"amount":952,"abstract":953},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716538","Medieval Publishing from c. 1000 to 1500","€1,497,684","Without written transmission, the communication of any learned topic from ancient and medieval times, from theology and philosophy to medicine, science and history, would be snapped and broken. Transmission relies on the fact of ‘publication’. But what does ‘publishing’ mean in the context of a manuscript culture, in which books were copied slowly and singly by hand? What did it mean to ‘publish’ a book in Western Europe in the Middle Ages? MedPub attempts to understand in breadth and depth, for",{"id":955,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":956,"piName":10,"institution":545,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":957},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715530","Qualitative and Quantitative Social Science: Unifying the Logic of Causal Inference?","Good public policy should make society healthier, happier, safer, and more productive. Social scientists can help: they can look for the causes that promote or prevent these outcomes. Some do this by building models, which they test against large datasets using statistical tools. Others use non-formal tools, applied to a small number of cases: tracing processes, comparing cases, interviewing participants, writing ethnographies. Policymakers can then try to weigh up all this 'quantitative' and 'q",{"id":959,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":960,"piName":10,"institution":607,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":961,"abstract":962},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715024","Chromatin dynamics resolved by rapid protein labeling and bioorthogonal capture","€1,846,360","Histone proteins provide a dynamic packaging system for the eukaryotic genome. Chromatin integrates a multitude of signals to control gene expression, only some of which have the propensity to be maintained through replication and cell division. For our understanding of cellular memory and epigenetic inheritance we need to know what features characterize a stable, heritable chromatin state throughout the cell cycle. State-of-the-art methods such as ChIP-Seq provide population-based snapshots of ",{"id":964,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":965,"piName":10,"institution":210,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":966,"abstract":967},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715125","International Organisations and the Rise of a Global Metrological Field","€1,199,805","The production of global metrics by International Organisations has not only penetrated the transnational social and policy fields; it has also become an integral mode of the ways International Organisations interconnect. Through their collaborative practices of quantification and commensuration, International Organisations are both constituting new realities and being reconstituted themselves. Thus, the dominance of global measurement regimes has profound implications for the ways International",{"id":969,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":970,"piName":10,"institution":971,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":972,"abstract":973},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716512","Microcircuitry of the Drosophila visual system","JOHANNES GUTENBERG-UNIVERSITAT MAINZ","€1,497,712","Neural networks process sensory inputs into outputs that guide behavioral responses. The computations that take place can be complex, suggesting intricate circuit architecture. While we are starting to unravel the circuit components of a specific neural computation, the extraction of visual motion cues, we realize that the circuits are more complex than anticipated. Here, we aim to reveal the full microcircuitry of behaviorally relevant motion-detecting pathways with complex physiological proper",{"id":975,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":976,"piName":10,"institution":977,"country":669,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":978},"cordis-european-research-council-award-717022","The unexplored world of aerosol surfaces and their impacts.","OULUN YLIOPISTO","We are changing the composition of Earth’s atmosphere, with profound consequences for the environment and our wellbeing. Tiny aerosol particles are globally responsible for much of the health effects and mortality related to air pollution and play key roles in regulating Earth’s climate via their critical influence on both radiation balance and cloud formation. Every single cloud droplet has been nucleated on the surface of an aerosol particle. Aerosols and droplets provide the media for condens",{"id":980,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":981,"piName":10,"institution":982,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":983,"abstract":984},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714893","Search for New Physics in First and Second Generation Quark Yukawa Couplings through Rare Exclusive Decays of the Observed Higgs Boson","THE UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM","€1,499,945","Following the discovery of a Higgs boson with a mass of about 125 GeV,a detailed set of property measurements has confirmed that it plays acentral role in the spontaneous breaking of the electroweak symmetry.Nevertheless, its role in the generation of fermion mass, inparticular of the first and second generation, is still unclear.  Inthe Standard Model (SM) this is implemented in an ad hoc manner throughYukawa interactions, and many beyond-the-SM theories offer richphenomenology and exciting pro",{"id":986,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":987,"piName":10,"institution":112,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":988,"abstract":989},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715945","Brain meets spine: the neural origin of toddler’s first steps","€1,331,625","A child’s first steps may be small, but they are a giant leap for its development. Children have an instinct to walk from the moment they are born – a 'stepping reflex' hardwired in their neural circuitry – but it typically takes about one year before they can start walking independently. In a pioneering work published on Science in 2011, I demonstrated that the coordinated muscle activation in neonate stepping is described by two basic activation patterns that are retained throughout developmen",{"id":991,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":992,"piName":10,"institution":851,"country":420,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":993},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716950","X-ray-waveforms at the Space-Time Resolution Extreme for Atomic-scale Movies","Nonlinear optics revolutionized the ability to create directed, coherent beams particularly in spectral regions where lasers based on conventional population inversion are not practical. New breakthroughs in extreme nonlinear optics promise a similar revolution in the X-ray regime. In a dramatic and unanticipated breakthrough, an international team lead by the PI demonstrated that the high harmonic generation process (HHG) driven by mid-IR lasers can be used to generate keV photons, implementing",{"id":995,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":996,"piName":10,"institution":997,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":998,"abstract":999},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715539","Spectral Statistics of Structured Random Matrices","UNIVERSITE DE GENEVE","€1,257,442","The purpose of this proposal is a better mathematical understanding of certain classes of large random matrices. Up to very recently, random matrix theory has been mainly focused on mean-field models with independent entries. In this proposal I instead consider random matrices that incorporate some nontrivial structure. I focus on two types of structured random matrices that arise naturally in important applications and lead to a rich mathematical behaviour: (1) random graphs with fixed degrees,",{"id":1001,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1002,"piName":10,"institution":1003,"country":58,"year":13,"amount":1004,"abstract":1005},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716139","Spin-Delocalization with a Twist: Chiral Open-Shell Helices","UNIVERSITAT ZURICH","€1,499,925","Spin-delocalization in molecules containing unpaired electrons gives rise to an unusual intermolecular interaction, named as pancake bond. This bonding interaction couples unpaired electrons between multiple pairs of atoms from each face-to-face oriented spin units, such as phenalenyl radical, and abets formation of assemblies that display large antiferromagnetic interaction in the solid state. This phenomenon governs the potential use of such spin systems as molecular conductors, magneto-optica",{"id":1007,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1008,"piName":10,"institution":529,"country":373,"year":13,"amount":1009,"abstract":1010},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714166","Narrating the Mesh: Ecology and the Non-Human in Contemporary Fiction and Oral Storytelling","€1,130,000","Today’s ecological crisis prompts us to rethink our attitude towards physical and natural realities that have traditionally been seen as opposed to human subjectivity and agency. What emerges from this “non-human turn” is a sense of our interdependence on things like the bacteria in our intestines or the carbon atoms supporting life on Earth. Ecological theorist Timothy Morton uses the metaphor of the “mesh” to express this idea of human\u002Fnon-human interconnectedness. This project will map the fo",{"id":1012,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1013,"piName":10,"institution":774,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1014,"abstract":1015},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715021","Lists in Literature and Culture: Towards a Listology","€1,382,500","LISTLIT investigates the cultural practice of lists and list making and its manifestations in narrative texts from antiquity until the twenty-first century. The simple form of the list has been remarkably constant for centuries: as a practical device, lists have been a prime instrument for classifying, organizing, and categorizing the world since the early high civilizations. Lists are tools of the mind: in visualizing human beings’ thinking, they are indicative of cognitive processes. In litera",{"id":1017,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1018,"piName":10,"institution":1019,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1020,"abstract":1021},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715173","Chemometers for in situ risk assessment of mixtures of pollutants","HELMHOLTZ-ZENTRUM FUR UMWELTFORSCHUNG GMBH - UFZ","€1,496,030","CHEMO-RISK aims for a novel scientifically sound chemical risk assessment paradigm that integrates exposure and effect assessment of a broad range of chemicals into a single procedure and provides information relevant to ecosystem and human health. The key innovation is polymer “chemometers” that will be equilibrated with their surroundings and deliver information on the pollutant’s chemical activity in the environment, biota, and humans. A chemometer functions analogously to a thermometer, but ",{"id":1023,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1024,"piName":10,"institution":1025,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":1026,"abstract":1027},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716762","Fundamental physics, Cosmology and Astrophysics: Galaxy Clusters at the Cross-roads","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TRIESTE","€1,230,403","The ClustersXCosmo ERC Starting Grant proposal has the goal of investigating the role of Galaxy Clusters as a cosmological probe and of exploiting the strong synergies between observational cosmology, galaxy formation and fundamental physics related to the tracers of the extreme peaks in the matter density field. In the last decade, astronomical data-sets have started to be widely and quantitatively used by the scientific community to address important physical questions such as: the nature of t",{"id":1029,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1030,"piName":10,"institution":1031,"country":113,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":1032},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714744","Sustainable and Advanced Membranes By Aqueous Phase Separation","UNIVERSITEIT TWENTE","Membranes play a critical role in the production of safe drinking water and in the treatment of human waste streams. However, membranes themselves are nearly always produced using costly, harmful and environmentally unfriendly aprotic solvents such as N-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylformamide (DMF), or dimethylacetamide (DMAC). This proposal describes a highly novel approach allowing the production of the next generation of advanced membranes without the need to use any organic solvents. Her",{"id":1034,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1035,"piName":10,"institution":1036,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":10,"abstract":1037},"cordis-european-research-council-award-709613","Magnetic Solid Lipid Nanoparticles as a Multifunctional Platform against Glioblastoma Multiforme","FONDAZIONE ISTITUTO ITALIANO DI TECNOLOGIA","Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Among them, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive and lethal, characterized by extensive infiltration into the brain parenchyma. Under the standard treatment protocols, GBM patients can expect a median survival of 14.6 months, while less than 5% of patients live longer than 5 years. This poor prognosis is due to several factors, including the highly aggressive and infiltrative nature o",{"id":1039,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1040,"piName":10,"institution":1041,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":1042,"abstract":1043},"cordis-european-research-council-award-717026","Stable and High-Efficiency Perovskite Light-Emitting Diodes","LINKOPINGS UNIVERSITET","€1,499,759","Light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which emit light by a solid-state process called electroluminescence, are considered as the most promising energy-efficient technology for future lighting and display. It has been demonstrated that optimal use of LEDs could significantly reduce the world’s electricity use for lighting from 20% to 4%. However, current LED technologies typically rely on expensive high-vacuum manufacturing processes, hampering their widespread applications. Therefore, it is highly desi",{"id":1045,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1046,"piName":10,"institution":1047,"country":915,"year":13,"amount":1048,"abstract":1049},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759603","'If immortality unveil…'– development of the novel types of energy storage systems with excellent long-term performance","POLITECHNIKA POZNANSKA","€1,385,000","The major goal of the project is to develop a novel type of an electrochemical capacitor with high specific power (up to 5 kW\u002Fkg) and energy (up to 20 Wh\u002Fkg) preserved along at least 50 000 cycles. Thus, completion of the project will result in remarkable enhancement of specific energy, power and life time of modern electrochemical capacitors. Advanced electrochemical testing (galvanostatic cycling with constant power loads, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, accelerated aging and kinetic t",{"id":1051,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1052,"piName":10,"institution":1053,"country":45,"year":13,"amount":1054,"abstract":1055},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715824","Revealing the neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the visual perception of social interactions","UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS","€1,499,672","“Social perception” has emerged as an umbrella term to describe research addressing the visual perception of others. To date, this discipline has focused on the perception of individuals; for example, researchers have examined the visual processing of faces and facial expressions, body shapes and postures, actions and kinematics. The resulting body of research suggests that social stimuli are detected by specialised mechanisms, recruit dedicated perceptual models, and are processed by particular",{"id":1057,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1058,"piName":10,"institution":1059,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":1060,"abstract":1061},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716846","Functional circuits mediating the effects of reward value on perception within and across sensory modalities","UNIVERSITAETSMEDIZIN GOETTINGEN - GEORG-AUGUST-UNIVERSITAET GOETTINGEN - STIFTUNG OEFFENTLICHEN RECHTS","€1,444,079","Our perceptual system needs to maintain a balance between selectivity and sensitivity, so that redundant information is dismissed, but novel and important information does not go unnoticed. Selective attention and reward value are among mechanisms that adjust this balance, by exerting top-down control over bottom-up sensory processing. Excessive reliance on top-down signals has been suggested to underlie pathologic conditions, such as hallucinations. In contrast, controlled boosting of top-down ",{"id":1063,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1064,"piName":10,"institution":1065,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":1066,"abstract":1067},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715950","Seizing the Hybrid Areas of work by Re-presenting self-Employment","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO","€1,258,250","SHARE is a transdisciplinary and multi-method study of the work arrangements which destabilize the dichotomies between standard and non-standard work and between self-employment and dependent employment. More specifically, it will research solo self-employment, namely self-employment without employees. This is a growing contractual category in Europe which comprises very different subjects, often disguised by statistics and difficult to represent by unions: from independent professionals to ‘fak",{"id":1069,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1070,"piName":10,"institution":1071,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":89,"abstract":1072},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714788","REsummation-Improved moNtecarlo eVEnt geNeraTor","UNIVERSITA' DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO-BICOCCA","With the start of the second run of the Large Hadron Collider and the discovery of a particle compatible with the Standard Model Higgs boson, the high-energy particle physics community faces the task to carry out precise measurements of the properties of this new particle, in order to establish its nature. At the same time, it will be equally important to keep looking for the yet elusive signs of New Physics. Both tasks rely on the ability to accurately predict the expected signals and to disent",{"id":1074,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1075,"piName":10,"institution":1076,"country":147,"year":13,"amount":1077,"abstract":1078},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714625","Nuclear Reactions for Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay","ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE","€1,272,000","Neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ) is considered the best potential resource to determine the absolute neutrino mass scale. Moreover, if observed, it will signal that the total lepton number is not conserved and neutrinos are Majorana particles. Presently, this physics case is one of the most important research “beyond the Standard Model” and might guide the way towards a Grand Unified Theory of fundamental interactions.Since the ββ decay process involves nuclei, its analysis necessarily impl",{"id":1080,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1081,"piName":10,"institution":1082,"country":20,"year":13,"amount":1083,"abstract":1084},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714161","Information Theory for Low-Latency Wireless Communications","UNIVERSIDAD CARLOS III DE MADRID","€1,424,000","The majority of wireless connections in the fifth generation (5G) of wireless systems will most likely be originated by autonomous machines and devices rather than by the human-operated mobile terminals for which traditional broadband services are intended. It is thus expected that enhanced mobile-broadband services will be complemented by new services centered on machine-type communications (MTC). An important emerging area among MTC systems is that of low-latency communications, which targets ",{"id":1086,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1087,"piName":10,"institution":1088,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":1089,"abstract":1090},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715313","High Resolution Mapping of Fetal and Adult B Cell Fates During Ontogeny","LUNDS UNIVERSITET","€1,499,905","FateMapB aims to understand how the unique differentiation potential of fetal hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells(HSPCs) contribute to functionally distinct cell types of the adult immune system. While most immune cells are replenishedby HSPCs through life, others emerge during a limited window in fetal life and sustain through self-renewal in situ. Thelineage identity of fetal HSPCs, and the extent of their contribution to the adult immune repertoire remain surprisinglyunclear. I previously",{"id":1092,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1093,"piName":10,"institution":1094,"country":316,"year":13,"amount":1095,"abstract":1096},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756653","Decoding the host-pathogen interspecies crosstalk at a multiparametric single-cell level","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","€1,499,999","Bacterial pathogens remain a significant threat to global health, necessitating a better understanding of host-pathogen biology. While various evidence point to early infection as a key event in the eventual progression to disease, our recent preliminary data show that during this stage, highly adaptable and dynamic host cells and bacteria engage in complex, diverse interactions that contribute to well-documented heterogeneous outcomes of infection. 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