[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"awarded-erc-starting-grant-2018":3,"awarded-stats-erc-starting-grant":1113},{"awarded":4,"total":1112},[5,16,22,29,36,43,50,56,62,69,74,79,86,93,99,105,110,116,122,127,132,138,144,151,157,162,169,174,179,184,190,194,200,205,210,215,221,226,232,238,243,248,253,259,265,271,275,280,285,291,297,302,307,312,317,322,327,332,338,344,348,354,359,364,368,373,379,385,391,395,400,406,412,417,423,430,437,444,450,456,463,470,475,480,486,491,497,502,508,513,519,526,531,536,542,548,553,558,563,568,573,578,583,589,594,599,604,609,614,618,623,629,635,641,647,652,658,664,670,676,682,686,692,697,702,707,714,718,723,729,734,740,746,751,757,761,767,773,778,783,789,795,800,805,810,816,822,827,832,838,844,850,856,861,866,870,875,881,887,892,897,902,907,912,918,923,929,934,939,944,950,956,961,967,972,976,982,986,992,998,1005,1009,1014,1020,1027,1032,1037,1043,1048,1052,1058,1064,1070,1076,1082,1087,1091,1096,1102,1107],{"id":6,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":9,"piName":10,"institution":11,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":15},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2012-stg-31-0005-phasex-","European Research Council","ERC Starting Grant","Model-free classification of X-ray scattering signals applied to image segmentation","Andreas Menzel","Paul Scherrer Institute","CH",2018,null,"In most cases, the analysis of small-angle and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS and WAXS, respectively) requires a theoretical model to describe the sample's scattering, complicating the interpretation of the scattering resulting from complex heterogeneous samples. This is the reason why, in general, the analysis of a large number of scattering patterns, such as are generated by time-resolved and scanning methods, remains challenging. Here, a model-free classification method to separate SAXS\u002FWA",{"id":17,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":18,"piName":19,"institution":20,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2012-stg-308-117","Hole Catalysis as a General Mechanism for Efficient and Wavelength-Independent Z → E Azobenzene Isomerization","Stefan Hecht","Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin","DE",{"id":23,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":24,"piName":25,"institution":26,"country":27,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":28},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-stg-2014-639706-constraints-","Plant Functional Diversity and the Biogeography of Biomes in North and South America","Susy Echeverría‐Londoño","Kenyon College","US","The concept of the biome has a long history dating back to Carl Ludwig Willdenow and Alexander von Humboldt. However, while the association between climate and the structure and diversity of vegetation has a long history, scientists have only recently begun to develop a more synthetic understanding of biomes based on the evolution of plant diversity, function, and community assembly. At the broadest scales, climate filters species based on their functional attributes, and the resulting functiona",{"id":30,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":31,"piName":32,"institution":33,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":35},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-stg-2012-309337-alcohol-lifecourse","Association of longitudinal alcohol consumption trajectories with coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis of six cohort studies using individual participant data","Darragh O’Neill","University College London","GB","BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that alcohol intake trajectories differ in their associations with biomarkers of cardiovascular functioning, but it remains unclear if they also differ in their relationship to actual coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence. Using multiple longitudinal cohort studies, we evaluated the association between long-term alcohol consumption trajectories and CHD. METHODS: Data were drawn from six cohorts (five British and one French). The combined analytic sample comprised ",{"id":37,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":38,"piName":39,"institution":40,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":42},"openalex-european-research-council-award-307104-fp-2007-2013-erc-stg-syninter","T Cells on Engineered Substrates: The Impact of TCR Clustering Is Enhanced by LFA-1 Engagement","Laurent Limozin","Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","FR","We created APC-mimetic synthetic substrates to study the impact of ligand clustering on T cell activation and spreading. The substrates exhibit antibodies directed against the TCR-complex in the form of a patterned array of sub-micrometric dots surrounded by a fluid supported lipid bilayer (SLB) which may itself be functionalized with another bio-molecule. We show that for T cell adhesion mediated by T cell receptor (TCR) alone, in the patterned, but not in the corresponding homogeneous controls",{"id":44,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":45,"piName":46,"institution":47,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":49},"openalex-european-research-council-award-stg-716230","Parameterized Complexity of Theory of Mind Reasoning in Dynamic Epistemic Logic","Iris van de Pol","University of Amsterdam","NL","Theory of mind refers to the human capacity for reasoning about others’ mental states based on observations of their actions and unfolding events. This type of reasoning is notorious in the cognitive science literature for its presumed computational intractability. A possible reason could be that it may involve higher-order thinking (e.g., ‘you believe that I believe that you believe’). To investigate this we formalize theory of mind reasoning as updating of beliefs about beliefs using dynamic e",{"id":51,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":52,"piName":53,"institution":54,"country":34,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":55},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2010-stg-grant-263501","Neighborhood deprivation and biomarkers of health in Britain: the mediating role of the physical environment","M. Pia Chaparro","University of Essex","Neighborhood deprivation has been consistently linked to poor individual health outcomes; however, studies exploring the mechanisms involved in this association are scarce. The objective of this study was to investigate whether objective measures of the physical environment mediate the association between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and biomarkers of health in Britain. We linked individual-level biomarker data from Understanding Society: The UK Household Longitudinal Survey (2010–2012",{"id":57,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":58,"piName":59,"institution":60,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":61},"openalex-european-research-council-award-starting-grant-synphos-30761","Understanding the Chemical Reactivity of Phosphonium‐Based Ionic Liquids with Tellurium","Thomas Doert","Technische Universität Dresden","Abstract The chemical reactivity of phosphonium based ionic liquids (ILs) towards tellurium at temperatures above 220 °C was systematically investigated by a series of dissolution experiments, tracking the solute tellurium species by nuclear magnetic resonance, and characterizing the reaction products by X‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The initial step is the thermal elimination of an alkyl group of the phosphonium cation of the ILs, most probably via an S N 2 mechanism. The ",{"id":63,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":64,"piName":65,"institution":66,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":68},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-2016-stg-714870","Tensor network simulation of polaron-polaritons in organic microcavities","Javier del Pino","Universidad Autónoma de Madrid","ES","In the regime of strong coupling between molecular excitons and confined optical modes, the intramolecular degrees of freedom are profoundly affected, leading to a reduced vibrational dressing of polaritons compared to bare electronically excited states. However, existing models only describe a single vibrational mode in each molecule, while actual molecules possess a large number of vibrational degrees of freedom and additionally interact with a continuous bath of phononic modes in the host med",{"id":70,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":71,"piName":72,"institution":73,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-endofood-erc-2010-stg-260515","Astroglial CB1 Receptors Determine Synaptic D-Serine Availability to Enable Recognition Memory","Giovanni Marsicano","Université de Bordeaux",{"id":75,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":76,"piName":77,"institution":78,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":14},"openalex-european-research-council-award-stg-2010-263145","Cross-modal decoupling in temporal attention between audition and touch","Stefanie Mühlberg","Universitat Pompeu Fabra",{"id":80,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":81,"piName":82,"institution":83,"country":84,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":85},"openalex-european-research-council-award-erc-stg-335936","From Giant H ii regions and H ii galaxies to globular clusters and compact dwarf ellipticals","E. Terlevich","National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics","MX","Massive star-forming regions like Giant H ii Regions (GHIIR) and H ii Galaxies (HIIG) are emission line systems ionized by compact young massive star clusters (YMC) with masses ranging from 104 M⊙ to 108 M⊙. We model the photometric and dynamical evolution over a Hubble time of the massive gravitationally bound systems that populate the tight relation between absolute blue magnitude and velocity dispersion (MB − σ) of GHIIR and HIIG and compare the resulting relation with that one of old stellar",{"id":87,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":88,"piName":14,"institution":89,"country":90,"year":13,"amount":91,"abstract":92},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759959","SENSING CELL-CELL INTERACTION HETEROGENEITY IN 3D TUMOR MODELS: TOWARDS PRECISION MEDICINE","CONSIGLIO NAZIONALE DELLE RICERCHE","IT","€1,050,000","This project aims to investigate the role of potassium (K+), protons (H+) and oxygen (O2) gradients in the extracellular space of tumour cells grown in 3D cultures by using a combination of imaging, cell biology and in silico analyses. By embedding ratiometric fluorescent particle-based sensors within 3D scaffolds, the changes in target analyte concentrations can be monitored and used to study the interactions between tumour cells and stromal cells in 3D tumoroids\u002Fscaffolds and to monitor respon",{"id":94,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":95,"piName":14,"institution":96,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":97,"abstract":98},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758817","Mechanisms of neuronal network remodeling in the adult mammalian brain","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE LA SANTE ET DE LA RECHERCHE MEDICALE","€1,493,750","Traumatic events such as strokes or lesions to the adult brain can trigger large-scale reorganization of neuronal activity thought to be critical for functional recovery. The anatomical and molecular events underlying such reorganization remain an enigma. While rapid and short term changes of connections at the synaptic scale are widely studied, little is known about the principles and mechanisms of long-term and large-scale reorganization of axonal branches in mature circuits. I hypothesize tha",{"id":100,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":101,"piName":14,"institution":102,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":103,"abstract":104},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759257","Demystifying the Quark-Gluon Plasma","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€1,366,875","The primary objective of this project is to explore the properties of a new state of matter, the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP), at the highest energies to date. The QGP consists of asymptotically free quarks and gluons and the evidence for its discovery was announced in experiments analyzing collisions of heavy ions. Previous experiments at lower energies have caused a dramatic change of paradigm in our understanding - measurements at Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider showed that the QGP behaves like a",{"id":106,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":107,"piName":14,"institution":96,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":108,"abstract":109},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759089","GUIDANCE AND FUNCTION OF REGENERATIVE FIBERS IN ADULT CNS","€1,499,410","The impairment of central nervous system (CNS) leads to irreversible loss of vital functions because, unlike young neurons, mature neurons are not able to regenerate. Thus, understanding the detailed mechanisms of axonal growth and repair remains one of the greatest challenges of neurobiology and for society. If the extrinsic factors fail to reach levels required for regeneration, manipulating intrinsic pathways has shown promising results. Particularly, my work demonstrated that the simultaneou",{"id":111,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":112,"piName":14,"institution":113,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":114,"abstract":115},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757490","Blood and bone – conjoined twins in health and disease: bone marrow analogs for hematological and musculoskeletal diseases","GOTTFRIED WILHELM LEIBNIZ UNIVERSITAET HANNOVER","€1,499,920","Blood and bone are closely intertwined. Their intrinsic regenerative capacities are disturbed in many hematological and musculoskeletal diseases. Re-establishing the regenerative potential is the key to cure these diseases by regenerative medicine. Multipotent stem cells of both tissues – hematopoietic  stem cells (HSCs) for blood and mesenchymal stem\u002Fstromal (MSCs) for bone – are the basis for their regenerative capacity. While it is well established that HSCs are influenced by the bone marrow ",{"id":117,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":118,"piName":14,"institution":119,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":120,"abstract":121},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759731","Regulatory networks of plant cell rearrangement during symbiont accommodation","MAX-PLANCK-GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV","€1,499,625","Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is an ancient plant-fungus symbiosis that is wide-spread in the plant kingdom. AM improves plant nutrition, stress resistance and general plant performance and thus represents a promising addition to sustainable agricultural practices. Mineral nutrients are released from the fungus to the plant at highly branched hyphal structures, the arbuscules, which form inside root cortex cells. Like the cells of other multicellular eukaryotes, plant cells show a remarkable develo",{"id":123,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":124,"piName":14,"institution":96,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":125,"abstract":126},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759341","Errors as cost-optimizing decisions? Redefining the origin and nature of human decision errors in light of associated neural computations","€1,497,125","Making decisions, from simple perceptual judgments to complex policy-making orientations, often requires to combine multiple pieces of ambiguous or conflicting information. In such uncertain conditions, human decisions exhibit a suboptimal variability whose origin remains poorly understood. Dominant psychological theories attribute the resulting errors to imperfections at the peripheries of an otherwise optimal inference process, and consider them essentially as failures of human cognition. Inst",{"id":128,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":129,"piName":14,"institution":96,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":130,"abstract":131},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759120","Structural differences in mRNA translation machineries between eukaryotic pathogens and their mammalian hosts","€1,787,400","mRNA translation consists on translating the genetic code to proteins by the ribosome that is universally conserved in all cells. However, its structure presents significant differences between bacteria and eukaryotes. Partly because of these differences, the bacterial ribosome can be targeted specifically by a number of antibiotics without affecting the eukaryotic host cells. However, the conservation of the ribosome among eukaryotes complicates the search for specific drugs against eukaryotic ",{"id":133,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":134,"piName":14,"institution":135,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":136,"abstract":137},"cordis-european-research-council-award-755655","Tunable optoelectronic devices by strain engineering of 2D semiconductors","AGENCIA ESTATAL CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS","€1,930,437","The goal of 2D-TOPSENSE is to exploit the remarkable stretchability of two-dimensional semiconductors to fabricate optoelectronic devices where strain is used as an external knob to tune their properties.While bulk semiconductors tend to break under strains larger than 1.5%, 2D semiconductors (such as MoS2) can withstand deformations of up to 10-20% before rupture. This large breaking strength promises a great potential of 2D semiconductors as ‘straintronic’ materials, whose properties can be ad",{"id":139,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":140,"piName":14,"institution":141,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":143},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757829","A positron emission tomography apparatus based on liquid xenon with time of flight applications","FUNDACION DONOSTIA INTERNATIONAL PHYSICS CENTER","€1,500,000","This project presents a new technology for detectors used in positron emission tomography (PET), based on liquid xenon instead of current scintillator crystals. The basic element is a liquid xenon scintillating cell, with its size optimized to maximize the number of gammas that interact in the cell. Silicon photomultipliers read out by low power, low noise customized integrated circuits for time of flight applications will be used as sensors.Xenon is a noble gas which scintillates as response to",{"id":145,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":146,"piName":14,"institution":147,"country":148,"year":13,"amount":149,"abstract":150},"cordis-european-research-council-award-714850","THz Frequency Rapid Scan – Electron Spin Resonance spectroscopy for spin dynamics investigations of bulk and surface materials (THz-FRaScan-ESR)","VYSOKE UCENI TECHNICKE V BRNE","CZ","€1,999,874","Current high frequency electron spin resonance (HFESR) instruments suffer from the disadvantages of being limited to a single frequency and to tiny sample volumes. The study of spin dynamics at frequencies beyond a few hundred gigahertz is currently prohibitively difficult. These limitations are now preventing progress in dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) and preclude the implementation of zero-field quantum computing. In order to revolutionize sensitivity in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) an",{"id":152,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":153,"piName":14,"institution":154,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":155,"abstract":156},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757393","Astrocyte-Neuronal Crosstalk in Obesity and Diabetes","HELMHOLTZ ZENTRUM MUENCHEN DEUTSCHES FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM FUER GESUNDHEIT UND UMWELT GMBH","€1,499,938","Despite considerable efforts aimed at prevention and treatment, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes has increased at an alarming rate worldwide over recent decades. Given the urgent need to develop safe and efficient anti-obesity drugs, the scientific community has to intensify efforts to better understand the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. Based on human genome-wide association studies and targeted mouse mutagenesis models, it has recently emerged that the brain c",{"id":158,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":159,"piName":14,"institution":135,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":160,"abstract":161},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756575","Cooperative Catalysis: Using Interdisciplinary Chemical Systems to Develop New Cooperative Catalysts","€1,445,000","Catalysis, a multidisciplinary science at the heart of many industrial processes, is crucial to deliver future growth and minimize anthropogenic environmental impact, thus being critical to our quality of life. Thus, the development and fundamental understanding of innovative new catalyst systems has clear, direct and long-term benefits to the chemical manufacturing sector and to the broader knowledge-based economy.In this ERC project I will develop novel innovative cooperative catalysts using i",{"id":163,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":164,"piName":14,"institution":165,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":167,"abstract":168},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758462","The search for new physics through precision measurements of the CKM angle gamma","THE CHANCELLOR, MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD","UK","€1,499,955","There is a strong conviction that the Standard Model of particle physics is only a low energy approximation to a higher energy theory containing new fundamental particles. For example, it is not possible to explain the large asymmetry between the properties of matter and anti-matter that must exist to create the universe within we live, with the Standard Model that can only accommodate asymmetries orders of magnitude smaller. The theoretical framework that describes these asymmetries is the Cabi",{"id":170,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":171,"piName":14,"institution":135,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":172,"abstract":173},"cordis-european-research-council-award-804989","Dynamic Modeling of Labor Market Mobility and Human Capital Accumulation","€1,400,250","In today’s globalized world, labor mobility is at the core of the political debate and a centerpiece for economic policy. The design of migration policies, such as selective, skill-biased, immigration policies, policies to encourage the integration of immigrants, or ones that facilitate geographical mobility to increase labor market opportunities of disadvantaged workers, requires a good understanding of a more fundamental issue: understanding the role of internal migration and immigration in sh",{"id":175,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":176,"piName":14,"institution":96,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":177,"abstract":178},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759880","Modelling brain aneurysm to elucidate the role of platelets","€1,498,618","In the European Union, 15 million people have an unruptured intracranial aneurysm (IA) that may rupture one day and lead to subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). The IA rupture event is ominous and lingers as a clinical quandary. No safe and effective non-invasive therapies have, as of yet, been identified and implemented in clinical practice mainly because of a lack of knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. Increasing evidence points to inflammation as one of the leading factors in the pathogenesis ",{"id":180,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":181,"piName":14,"institution":182,"country":90,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":183},"cordis-european-research-council-award-803624","Translocal Identities. The Śivadharma and the Making of Regional Religious Traditions in Premodern South Asia","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI NAPOLI L'ORIENTALE","This project aims at examining the impact of the spread of the Śaiva religion on the formation of regional religious identities in South Asia from the Middle Ages to premodern times. In order to tackle this issue, the Principal Investigator and her team will examine the historical evidence connected with a still little studied but highly influential tradition of Sanskrit texts collectively called “Śivadharma” (= “Śaiva Religion”), which have been transmitted in some of the most representative re",{"id":185,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":186,"piName":14,"institution":187,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":188,"abstract":189},"cordis-european-research-council-award-803220","Self-Regulating Porous Nano-Oscillators: from Nanoscale Homeostasis to Time-Programmable Devices","SORBONNE UNIVERSITE","€1,496,225","Living systems exhibit unique autonomous behaviors such as homeostasis, self-regulation or spontaneous oscillations, not existing in conventional materials. Designing artificial systems with life-like functionalities is a long-standing challenge in chemistry and material science. This groundbreaking research field has been developed exclusively at the molecular and supramolecular level, through chemical self-regulation based on interconnected networks of reactions in solution.In this project, I ",{"id":191,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":192,"piName":14,"institution":96,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":193},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758848","In vivo functional screens to decipher mechanisms of stochastically- and mutationally-induced chemoresistance in Acute Myeloid Leukemia","Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML), the most common leukemia diagnosed in adults, represents the paradigm of resistance to front-line therapies in hematology. Indeed, AML is so genetically complex that only few targeted therapies are currently tested in this disease and chemotherapy remains the only standard treatment for AML since the past four decades. Despite an initial sustained remission achieved by chemotherapeutic agents, almost all patients relapse with a chemoresistant minimal residual diseas",{"id":195,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":196,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":198,"abstract":199},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758792","Theoretical and observational consequences of the Geometrical Destabilization of Inflation","CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE CNRS","€1,476,672","The GEODESI project aims at interpreting current and forthcoming cosmological observations in a renewed theoretical framework about cosmological inflation and its ending. The simplest toy models of inflation economically explain all current data, leaving no observational clue to guide theorists towards a finer physical understanding. In this context, I very recently unveiled an hitherto unnoticed instability at play in the primordial universe that potentially affects all inflationary models and ",{"id":201,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":202,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":203,"abstract":204},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758480","Nanoparticles as Partners in Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Boosting the Surface Reactivity of Inorganic Nanoparticles","€1,499,875","Associating bulky and strong Lewis acid and base creates a Frustrated Lewis Pair (FLP). Traditionally, both FLP partners are molecules. Molecular FLPs have shown excellent abilities to catch and dissociate small molecules such as H2 in a heterolytic way, under mild conditions. The driving force is the destabilization of the initial acid-base adduct, sterically frustrated: it liberates a reactive pocket that catches the small molecule guest, and strongly lowers the activation energy for bond diss",{"id":206,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":207,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":208,"abstract":209},"cordis-european-research-council-award-804249","Deciphering the host and microbial grounds that license inflammasome-mediated execution","€1,498,799","Inflammasomes are intracellular multi-protein complexes that play essential functions in immunity against microbial pathogens. Upon microbial sensing, inflammasomes induce protease caspase-1-dependent maturation and release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 as well as gasdermin-D-dependent cell necrosis, namely pyroptosis. While both pyroptosis and IL-1β\u002FIL-18 release play key parts in controlling microbial infections, the host-regulated pathways that promote detect",{"id":211,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":212,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":213,"abstract":214},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758473","The missing link between Perception and Cognition: The case of multiple-person scenarios","€1,499,375","Seeing persons among other persons interacting with each other and trying to understand what is happening is a fundamental task for our daily life. How the brain manifests the representational and integrative capacity necessary for this function is beyond our current understanding. THEMPO sees in the study of multiple-person scenarios an opportunity to address how human cognition deals with real-word social interactions and, more generally, how the information process is devised to go from a per",{"id":216,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":217,"piName":14,"institution":218,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":219,"abstract":220},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758347","THE AFTERMATH OF THE EAST ASIAN WAR OF 1592-1598.","UNIVERSITAT AUTONOMA DE BARCELONA","€1,444,980","Aftermath seeks to understand the legacy of the East Asian War of 1592-1598. This conflict involved over 500,000 combatants from Japan, China, and Korea; up to 100,000 Korean civilians were abducted to Japan. The war caused momentous demographic upheaval and widespread destruction, but also had long-lasting cultural impact as a result of the removal to Japan of Korean technology and skilled labourers. The conflict and its aftermath bear striking parallels to events in East Asia during World War ",{"id":222,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":223,"piName":14,"institution":165,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":224,"abstract":225},"cordis-european-research-council-award-802145","Entrepreneurs, Firms and the Macroeconomy","€1,202,014","New micro-level data reveals enormous heterogeneity across firms in terms of their growth and survival. Young firms are the engines of aggregate job creation and productivity growth even though most startups fail or do not grow. Therefore, only a small share of high-growth firms generates the documented macroeconomic gains. Despite the aggregate importance, we know very little about why firm performance is so heterogeneous, whether these differences are predictable based on characteristics of bu",{"id":227,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":228,"piName":14,"institution":229,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":230,"abstract":231},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759424","Strategic Uncertainty in Economic Environments","UNIVERSIDAD POMPEU FABRA","€1,480,325","This proposal concerns two sets of projects that tackle theoretical challenges raised by the data broker and online advertisement industry.1-Strategic Uncertainty (SU) in Economic Environments: By assuming that individuals have correct beliefs about others' behavior, the equilibrium approach in economics assumes away SU. But SU is central to many settings. Testament to this is the existence of a data broker industry, in which data on agents' behavior are traded: this information would have no va",{"id":233,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":234,"piName":14,"institution":235,"country":90,"year":13,"amount":236,"abstract":237},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759159","Laser Ablation: SElectivity and monitoRing for OPTImal tuMor removAL","POLITECNICO DI MILANO","€1,499,575","Laser Ablation (LA) was extensively investigated for its benefits as minimally invasive thermal therapy for tumor. Despite the LA pros as potential alternative to surgical resection (e.g., use of small fiber optics, echo-endoscope procedures and image-guidance without artifact), the lack of tools for safe and patient-specific treatment restrained its clinical use. LASER OPTIMAL offers a renaissance to LA for the practical management of challenging tumors (e.g., pancreatic cancer): it investigate",{"id":239,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":240,"piName":14,"institution":135,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":241,"abstract":242},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757440","Understanding the evolution of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance in real life scenarios","€1,497,314","Antibiotics are essential tools in modern medicine and are indispensable not only for the treatment of infectious diseases but also to support other key interventions such as surgery and cancer chemotherapy. However, the extensive and inappropriate use of antibiotics has fuelled the spread of resistance mechanisms in pathogenic bacteria, leading to the dawn of a post-antibiotic era. Plasmids play a pivotal role in the evolution of antibiotic resistance (AR) because they drive the horizontal tran",{"id":244,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":245,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":246,"abstract":247},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757996","Analysis of Geometrical Effects on Dispersive Equations","€1,293,763","We are concerned with localization properties of solutions to hyperbolic PDEs, especially problems with a geometric component: how do boundaries and heterogeneous media influence spreading and concentration of solutions. While our first focus is on wave and Schrdinger equations on manifolds with boundary, strong connections exist with phase space localization for (clusters of) eigenfunctions, which are of independent interest. Motivations come from nonlinear dispersive models (in physically rele",{"id":249,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":250,"piName":14,"institution":229,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":251,"abstract":252},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759800","Resilience and Adaptation in Drylands. Identifying past water management practices for drought-resistant crops","€1,488,506","RAINDROPS will investigate cultivation practices that support human resilience and adaptation in drylands, by developing an innovative and reliable methodology for the identification of water management practices from archaeobotanical remains. Irrigation, river floods or permanent water sources are often deemed necessary for cultivation to be practised in drylands. However, there are modern examples that testify to the existence of successful rain-fed cultivation systems, even in hyper-arid envi",{"id":254,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":255,"piName":14,"institution":256,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":257,"abstract":258},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757672","Accelerating Neuroscience Research by Unifying Knowledge Representation and Analysis Through a Domain Specific Language","INSTITUT NATIONAL DE RECHERCHE EN INFORMATIQUE ET AUTOMATIQUE","€1,497,045","Neuroscience is at an inflection point. The 150-year old cortical specialization paradigm, in which cortical brain areas have a distinct set of functions, is experiencing an unprecedented momentum with over 1000 articles being published every year. However, this paradigm is reaching its limits.  Recent studies show that current approaches to atlas brain areas, like relative location, cellular population type, or connectivity, are not enough on their own to characterize a cortical area and its fu",{"id":260,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":261,"piName":14,"institution":262,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":263,"abstract":264},"cordis-european-research-council-award-716968","Refugees are Migrants: Refugee Mobility, Recognition and Rights","HERTIE SCHOOL GEMMEINNUTZIGE GMBH","€1,499,611","This project begins with the basic premise that refugees are migrants: by legal definition and political conception, they have left their home countries to seek refuge.  This project aims to re-assess refugee protection through a lens of mobility and migration, locating the study of refugee law in the context of the refugee regime.  It examines the three key aspects of refugee law – access to protection, refugee status determination, and refugee rights – bringing them into conversation with the ",{"id":266,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":267,"piName":14,"institution":268,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":269,"abstract":270},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759388","Long-range coupling of hole spins on a silicon chip","COMMISSARIAT A L ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERGIES ALTERNATIVES","€1,998,423","With the miniaturization of electronic devices, the semiconductor industry has to deal with complex technical barriers and is forced to introduce novel and innovative concepts. The project proposal is exactly in line with this new paradigm as it proposes to divert CMOS technology to explore a new path for quantum spintronics. Concretely the project aims at using spin-orbit interaction present in the valence band of silicon to drive ultra-fast and ultra-coherent hole spin quantum bits (qubits). T",{"id":272,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":273,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":213,"abstract":274},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758232","Discourse reporting in African storytelling","The project explores the role of discourse reporting in West African storytelling and the grammatical strategies used by storytellers to achieve their goals. It focuses on three phenomena characteristic of the narrative grammar of a number of West African languages: - logophoricity, or the use of special markers to signal self-reference by characters other than the current narrator, - the use of quotative markers (commonly described as epistemic validators),- and the use of foreign language or m",{"id":276,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":277,"piName":14,"institution":119,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":278,"abstract":279},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758974","Deconstructing pain with predictive models: from neural architecture to pain relief","€1,499,922","Pain is a burden for millions of people in terms of suffering, as well as for society in terms of costs. While it is well established that the perception of pain is not necessarily related to the amount of sensory input, a mechanistic framework for this is still lacking at the neurobiological level, although it would be of utmost importance for inspiring new therapeutic approaches. In PredictingPain, I will provide such a framework by applying recent insights from computational neuroscience in t",{"id":281,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":282,"piName":14,"institution":268,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":283,"abstract":284},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757239","Energetics of natural turbulent flows: the impact of waves and radiation.","€1,499,094","Turbulence in natural flows is an outstanding challenge with key implications for the energetics of planets, stars, oceans, and the Earth’s climate system. Such natural flows interact with waves, radiation or a combination thereof: surface waves and solar radiation on oceans and lakes, bulk waves and radiation inside the rapidly rotating and electrically conducting solar interior, etc. Standard simplified models often discard waves, radiation, or both, with dramatic consequences for the energy b",{"id":286,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":287,"piName":14,"institution":288,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":289,"abstract":290},"cordis-european-research-council-award-804315","Neuromechanics of Insect Vision during Aerial Interactions with Applications in Visually Guided Systems","IMPERIAL COLLEGE OF SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY AND MEDICINE","€1,499,968","This project investigates how biological vision operates under the fastest and most challenging motion condition: flight. Specifically, we look beyond gaze stabilization and focus on directed gaze control such as object tracking. Flying insects are ideal model for studying vision in flight due to its relatively simple nervous system and the fixed optics of the compound eyes. Insect vision has elucidated fundamental circuitries of vision via psychophysics, electrophysiology, computational modelli",{"id":292,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":293,"piName":14,"institution":294,"country":295,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":296},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758769","Resonant Electromagnetic Microscopy: Imaging Cells Electronically","BILKENT UNIVERSITESI VAKIF","TR","Microfluidics technology has been quite successful in fabricating small, low-cost devices with excellent analyte handling capabilities. However, the main detection paradigm in microfluidics has still been optical microscopy — which is a bulky and expensive technique. A chip-scale detection scheme that can provide multidimensional information is much needed for the widespread adoption of lab-on-a-chip technology. So far, successful capacitive and resonant electrical sensors have been deployed in ",{"id":298,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":299,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":300,"abstract":301},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758498","De novo structural elucidation of functional organic powders at natural isotopic abundance","€1,499,632","Structure holds the key to many of the physical world’s most intriguing secrets. Diffraction from single crystals has revolutionized our knowledge of crystalline matter by providing atomic-scale images of countless samples and leading to landmark achievements in science. However, when crystals of sufficient dimensions cannot be grown, structure can hardly be retrieved using currently available methodologies. This hampers our understanding of the physico-chemical behavior of numerous samples, suc",{"id":303,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":304,"piName":14,"institution":288,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":305,"abstract":306},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757369","Bacterial persister regrowth","€1,499,996","This proposal aims to provide insight into persister resuscitation. Persisters are multidrug-tolerant cells that are transiently non-growing and able to generate viable offspring by resuming growth when antibiotic pressure is removed. Despite their implication in relapses of many infectious diseases, and progress in understanding how persisters form through the action of toxin-antitoxin modules, the mechanisms underlying resuscitation of these persisters are still unknown. The interaction betwee",{"id":308,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":309,"piName":14,"institution":288,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":310,"abstract":311},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758453","Universality and chaos in PT-symmetric quantum systems","€1,293,023","The world of our daily experiences, described by classical physics, is built out of fundamental particles, governed by the laws of quantum mechanics. The striking difference between quantum and classical behaviour becomes most apparent in the realm of chaos, an extreme sensitivity to initial conditions, which is common in classical systems but impossible under quantum laws. The investigation of characteristic features of quantum systems whose classical counterparts are chaotic has illuminated fo",{"id":313,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":314,"piName":14,"institution":147,"country":148,"year":13,"amount":315,"abstract":316},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759585","Towards the Understanding a Metal-Tumour-Metabolism","€1,377,495","A tumour cell uses both genetic and protein weapons in its development. Gaining a greater understanding of these lethal mechanisms is a key step towards developing novel and more effective treatments. Because the metal ion metabolism of a tumour cell is not fully understood, we will address the challenge of explaining the mechanisms of how a tumour cell copes both with essential metal ions and platinum based drugs. The metal-based mechanisms help a tumour to grow on one side and to protect itsel",{"id":318,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":319,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":320,"abstract":321},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758710","Innovative Strategies for Unprecedented Remote C-H bond Functionalization by Catalysis","€1,497,996","Over the last years, the landscape of the organic chemistry has been reshaped with impressive advances made in the transition metal-catalyzed carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bond functionalization field. Indeed, the functionalization of building blocks that do not display a reactive functional group but only a simple C-H bond is attractive as it avoids time-consuming and expensive prefunctionalization steps and limits the generation of waste. However, as energies required to break C-H bonds are similar, t",{"id":323,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":324,"piName":14,"institution":288,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":325,"abstract":326},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758370","Computational Molecular Materials Discovery","€1,499,390","The objective of the project is to develop a computational approach to accelerate the discovery of molecular materials. These materials will include porous molecules, small organic molecules and macromolecular polymers, which have application as a result of either their porosity or optoelectronic properties. The applications that will be targeted include in molecular separations, sensing, (photo)catalysis and photovoltaics. To achieve my aims, I will screen libraries of building blocks through a",{"id":328,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":329,"piName":14,"institution":330,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":331},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758170","Microsatellite Barcoding: reconstructing the family tree of hematopoietic cells","INSTITUT CURIE","While murine hematopoiesis has been considered as resolved science, recent results using barcoding, which allows the tracing of single cells in vivo, clearly show that the topology of the murine hematopoietic tree needs revisions. In parallel, human hematopoiesis has been overlooked and is widely considered as following the same tree as in mice. To leverage our understanding of normal human hematopoiesis, tools for barcoding in humans are urgently needed. This research program seeks to meet this",{"id":333,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":334,"piName":14,"institution":335,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":336,"abstract":337},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758824","Influence-based Decision-making in Uncertain Environments","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT DELFT","€1,475,560","Decision-theoretic sequential decision making (SDM) is concerned with endowing an intelligent agent with the capability to choose actions that optimize task performance. SDM techniques have the potential to revolutionize many aspects of society and recent successes, e.g., agents that play Atari games and beat a world champion in the game of Go, have sparked renewed interest in this field.However, despite these successes, fundamental problems of scalability prevents these methods from addressing ",{"id":339,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":340,"piName":14,"institution":341,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":342,"abstract":343},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759414","Global future health: a multi-sited ethnography of an adaptive intervention","UNIVERSITEIT VAN AMSTERDAM","€1,499,977","The proposed research project is a multi-sited ethnography of an emergent global health intervention to improve nutrition in the first 1000 days of life. The intervention links growth during this 1000-day window to chronic and mental illness, human capital, food security, and ecosystem sustainability, positing early life nutrition as the key to meeting the United Nations’ sustainable development goals. The intervention draws numerous disciplines and geographic regions together in a holistic purs",{"id":345,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":346,"piName":14,"institution":335,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":347},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759212","Constructing polar rotors in metal-organic frameworks for memories and energy harvesting","I seek to develop new ferroelectrics based on metal-organic frameworks with dipolar rotors. Ferroelectrics are targeted to be used as physically flexible memories and mechanical energy harvesters for biocompatible sensors and implantable monitoring devices. As ferroelectrics can store and switch their polarity, they can be used as memories. Via the piezoelectric effect, they can harvest mechanical vibrations. The materials most compatible with flexible substrates, are soft matter materials. Howe",{"id":349,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":350,"piName":14,"institution":351,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":352,"abstract":353},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758529","Topological Atlas: Mapping Contemporary Borderscapes","UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON","€1,498,349","Contemporary borders operate in ways that are more complex than in the past. They have been variously conceptualised as porous, shifting and solidified. Where a border may be open for some, for others it is an impenetrable wall. Combined with the mobility of geopolitical territorial formations that operate beyond legal frameworks, such as the formation of ISIS and the situation in Europe where borders are being opened and closed against agreed treaties, the very concept of the border is being ra",{"id":355,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":356,"piName":14,"institution":341,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":357,"abstract":358},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759776","Platform Labor: Digital transformations of work and livelihood in post-welfare societies","€1,403,250","Digital platforms like Uber and Airbnb are transforming how people work, create and share value, and sustain themselves in their everyday lives. As such, platforms are becoming increasingly ubiquitous as new institutional actors that redraw relations between civil society, the market, and the state. Yet, as many scholars have shown, such relations have historically been shaped by pervasive gender, class, and racial subordination. It is therefore crucial to ask to what extent platforms, as new si",{"id":360,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":361,"piName":14,"institution":335,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":362,"abstract":363},"cordis-european-research-council-award-802093","EXPLORING NONLINEAR DYNAMICS IN GRAPHENE NANOMECHANICAL SYSTEMS","€1,422,598","Micro and nanomechanical systems are being adopted in billions of products, that address a wide range of sensor and actuator applications in modern technology. The advent of graphene, and the ability to fabricate single atom thick membranes, promises further device downscaling, enabling ultimate sensing capabilities that until recently seemed utopical. But, these atomically thin membranes are in essence nonlinear and exhibit nonlinear dynamic behavior at forces of only a few pN, which needs to b",{"id":365,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":366,"piName":14,"institution":268,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":367},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757858","Atmospheres across the Universe","Which molecules are present in the atmosphere of exoplanets? What are their mass, radius and age? Do they have clouds, convection (atmospheric turbulence), fingering convection, or a circulation induced by irradiation? These questions are fundamental in exoplanetology in order to study issues such as planet formation and exoplanet habitability.Yet, the impact of fingering convection and circulation induced by irradiation remain poorly understood: - Fingering convection (triggered by gradients of",{"id":369,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":370,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":371,"abstract":372},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757956","Spatio-temporal Organization and Expression of the Genome","€1,499,750","This project investigates the two-way relationship between spatio-temporal genome organization and coordinated gene regulation, through an approach at the interface between physics, computer science and biology.In the nucleus, preferred positions are observed from chromosomes to single genes, in relation to normal and pathological cellular states. Evidence indicates a complex spatio-temporal coupling between co-regulated genes: e.g. certain genes cluster spatially when responding to similar fact",{"id":374,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":375,"piName":14,"institution":376,"country":377,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":378},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758005","Mixed-phase clouds and climate (MC2) – from process-level understanding to large-scale impacts","UNIVERSITETET I OSLO","NO","The importance of mixed-phase clouds (i.e. clouds in which liquid and ice may co-exist) for weather and climate has become increasingly evident in recent years. We now know that a majority of the precipitation reaching Earth’s surface originates from mixed-phase clouds, and the way cloud phase changes under global warming has emerged as a critically important climate feedback. Atmospheric aerosols may also have affected climate via mixed-phase clouds, but the magnitude and even sign of this effe",{"id":380,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":381,"piName":14,"institution":382,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":383,"abstract":384},"cordis-european-research-council-award-803711","Equidistribution, fractal measures and arithmetic","THE CHANCELLOR MASTERS AND SCHOLARS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE","€1,334,109","The subject of this proposal lies at the crossroads of analysis, additive combinatorics, number theory and fractal geometry exploring equidistribution phenomena for random walks on groups and group actions and regularity properties of self-similar, self-affine and Furstenberg boundary measures and other kinds of stationary measures. Many of the problems I will study in this project are deeply linked with problems in number theory, such as bounds for the separation between algebraic numbers, Lehm",{"id":386,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":387,"piName":14,"institution":388,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":389,"abstract":390},"cordis-european-research-council-award-760067","In situ Structural Analysis of Molecular Crowding and Phase Separation","EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY","€1,228,125","This proposal brings together two fields in biology, namely the emerging field of phase-separated assemblies in cell biology and state-of-the-art cellular cryo-electron tomography, to advance our understanding on a fundamental, yet illusive, question: the molecular organization of the cytoplasm. Eukaryotes organize their biochemical reactions into functionally distinct compartments. Intriguingly, many, if not most, cellular compartments are not membrane enclosed. Rather, they assemble dynamicall",{"id":392,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":393,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":394},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756785","Fundamental Understanding of Nanoparticle chemistry: towards the prediction of Particulate emissions and Material synthesis","While modern societies are facing urgent challenges related to reduction of particulate matter emissions from transportation engines, recent discoveries on the extraordinary properties of carbonaceous functional nanomaterials have revealed opportunities associated with large-scale, flame-based synthesis of these otherwise unwanted combustion products. In both cases, our ability to study new, optimized solutions based on the specific industrial end-user needs is limited by the absence of theoreti",{"id":396,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":397,"piName":14,"institution":382,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":398,"abstract":399},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759282","Bringing into focus the cellular dynamics of the plant growth hormone gibberellin","€1,499,616","During an organism’s development it must integrate internal and external information. An example in plants, whose development stretches across their lifetime, is the coordination between environmental stimuli and endogenous cues on regulating the key hormone gibberellin (GA). The present challenge is to understand how these diverse signals influence GA levels and how GA signalling leads to diverse GA responses. This challenge is deepened by a fundamental problem in hormone research: the specific",{"id":401,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":402,"piName":14,"institution":403,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":404,"abstract":405},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758087","A molecular approach to treat diabetes mellitus onset dependent coronaropathy","DEUTSCHES PRIMATENZENTRUM GMBH","€1,490,529","In Europe, 59 million patients suffer from diabetes mellitus with health costs of 142 billion Euros per year. As one of the most challenging consequences, diabetes inflicts cardiovascular disease leading to cardiomyopathy and cardiac death. A global, current aim lies in preventing cardiac complications in patients with diabetes mellitus.In pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy, the role of microvascular processes remains largely elusive; my proposal aims at solving this key question – an impos",{"id":407,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":408,"piName":14,"institution":409,"country":90,"year":13,"amount":410,"abstract":411},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756194","ENERGY use for Adaptation","UNIVERSITA CA' FOSCARI  VENEZIA","€1,495,000","ENERGYA will improve our understanding of how energy and energy services can be used by households and industries to adapt to the risk posed by climate change. Specifically, the project will develop an interdisciplinary and scalable research framework integrating data and methods from economics with geography, climate science, and integrated assessment modelling to provide new knowledge concerning heterogeneity in energy use across countries, sectors, socioeconomic conditions and income groups, ",{"id":413,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":414,"piName":14,"institution":415,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":213,"abstract":416},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759579","Exploring cell interactions in the tumor microenvironment with dual ribosome profiling","DEUTSCHES KREBSFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM HEIDELBERG","Cancers develop in very heterogeneous tissue environments. They depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME) for sustained growth, metastasis, and therapy resistance. Stromal cells are genetically stable and they have less likelihood to develop resistance than cancer cells. Therefore, targeting the TME represents an attractive approach for treating cancer. In order to develop new therapeutic strategies to reprogram the TME and inhibit tumor growth and resistance, it is essential to understand in d",{"id":418,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":419,"piName":14,"institution":420,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":421,"abstract":422},"cordis-european-research-council-award-755719","From mind to mind: Investigating the cultural transmission of intergroup bias in children","UNIVERSITY OF YORK","€1,223,054","Prejudice and discrimination are pressing social problems. Across Europe, the far right is on the rise, and individuals are often discriminated against on the basis of their race, gender or sexual orientation. The origins of these problematic attitudes and behaviours appear early in development, suggesting that we are passing on our biases to our children. Yet, our knowledge of the complex psychological processes by which these biases are learned remains rudimentary. MINDTOMIND experimentally in",{"id":424,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":425,"piName":14,"institution":426,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":428,"abstract":429},"cordis-european-research-council-award-803526","Using Bariatric Surgery to Discover Weight-Loss Independent Mechanisms Leading to the Reversal of Fatty Liver Disease","THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM","IL","€1,499,354","Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), a disease characterized by accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver, is the major precursor for liver failure and liver cancer, and constitutes a global health challenge. An estimated 25% of the adult population suffers from NAFLD, but no FDA approved drugs are available to treat this condition. Obesity is a major NAFLD risk factor and weight-loss improves disease severity in obese patients. Bariatric surgeries are an effective treatment for obesity ",{"id":431,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":432,"piName":14,"institution":433,"country":434,"year":13,"amount":435,"abstract":436},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758638","Type Ia supernovae: from explosions to cosmology","THE PROVOST, FELLOWS, FOUNDATION SCHOLARS & THE OTHER MEMBERS OF BOARD, OF THE COLLEGE OF THE HOLY & UNDIVIDED TRINITY OF QUEEN ELIZABETH NEAR DUBLIN","IE","€1,876,496","Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are the incredibly luminous deaths of white dwarfs in binaries. They play a vital role in chemical enrichment, galaxy feedback, stellar evolution, and were instrumental in the discovery of dark energy. However, what are the progenitor systems of SNe Ia, and how they explode remains a mystery. My recent work has concluded the controversial result that there may be more than one way to produce SNe Ia. As SN Ia cosmology samples reach higher precision, understanding subt",{"id":438,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":439,"piName":14,"institution":440,"country":441,"year":13,"amount":442,"abstract":443},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757333","SPD nanostructured magnets with tuneable properties","OESTERREICHISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN","AT","€1,499,475","The decrease of weight and the increase of efficiency of magnetic components are essential for the reduction of CO2-emission and an improvement of their performance. Nanostructuring can dramatically improve the magnetic properties of soft and hard magnetic materials, hence opening up entirely new possibilities for the development of novel magnets. Nanocomposite magnets, for example, have been the focus of research since two decades. One of the remaining key challenges is to synthesize bulk nanos",{"id":445,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":446,"piName":14,"institution":447,"country":148,"year":13,"amount":448,"abstract":449},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759721","Accuracy and precision for molecular solids","UNIVERZITA KARLOVA","€924,375","The description of high pressure phases or polymorphism of molecular solids represents a significant scientific challenge both for experiment and theory. Theoretical methods that are currently used struggle to describe the tiny energy differences between different phases. It is the aim of this project to develop a scheme that would allow accurate and reliable predictions of the binding energies of molecular solids and of the energy differences between different phases.To reach the required accur",{"id":451,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":452,"piName":14,"institution":453,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":454,"abstract":455},"cordis-european-research-council-award-804626","Rendering the opaque transparent: Untangling light with bespoke optical transforms to see through scattering environments","THE UNIVERSITY OF EXETER","€1,790,105","When light propagates through an opaque material, such as living tissue or a multi-mode optical fibre, it fragments and scatters multiple times. The emergent wavefront no longer forms an image because the spatial information it carries has been scrambled. Reversing this scattering offers the prospect of using visible light for high-resolution imaging of structures deep inside the human body in a safe, non-ionising way. It has recently been shown that this light scattering can be characterised an",{"id":457,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":458,"piName":14,"institution":459,"country":460,"year":13,"amount":461,"abstract":462},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758481","Digital Grammar of Greek Documentary Papyri","HELSINGIN YLIOPISTO","FI","€1,495,584","The project creates a new Digital Grammar of Greek Documentary Papyri. It fills a void in Greek scholarship: the papyrological corpus represents the Post-Classical variety of Greek, a bridge between Classical and Medieval Greek, which has hitherto been very difficult to use as a source for studying historical linguistics. This project will develop new digital methods for studying this fragmentary but vast text corpus. Greek is a unique language for linguists in its chronological scope. Documenta",{"id":464,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":465,"piName":14,"institution":466,"country":467,"year":13,"amount":468,"abstract":469},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758224","Deciphering virus-host interactions using correlated confocal-atomic force microscopy","UNIVERSITE CATHOLIQUE DE LOUVAIN","BE","€1,998,125","Viruses are a major class of pathogens that infect a variety of organisms. Infection is a multistep process that involves the concerted action of both virus and host cell machineries. The first steps of virus infection include cell binding, cell entry and release of the viral genetic material. Entry pathways are largely defined by the preliminary interactions between viruses and their receptors at the cell surface. Those interactions determine the mechanisms of virus attachment, uptake, and, ult",{"id":471,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":472,"piName":14,"institution":473,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":474},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758491","The socio-economic consequences of temporary employment: A comparative panel data analysis","OTTO-FRIEDRICH-UNIVERSITAET BAMBERG","Temporary employment has become widespread in industrialized nations and many concerns have been raised about this development. Against this background, we will provide new insights into the multi-faceted socio-economic consequences of temporary work. Theoretically, this project is innovative by developing a multilevel dynamic model that combines ideas from sociology, economics, psychology, and social policy. Specifically, we will gain a novel, comprehensive understanding of how temporary jobs a",{"id":476,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":477,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":478,"abstract":479},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757589","Healing Encounters: Reinventing an indigenous medicine in the clinic and beyond","€1,450,166","What is the difference between healing and curing? What understandings of wellness, illness and bodies underpin different healing practices? How is therapeutic efficacy assessed in a context of competing valuation practices? This project aims to develop a symmetrical, ethnographically grounded theory of what healing entails from the perspective of those who give, receive or evaluate healing. It is designed to break with binary frames that contrast indigenous and biomedical healing, positioning t",{"id":481,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":482,"piName":14,"institution":483,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":484,"abstract":485},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758077","Charge And Spin in TopologicaL Edge States","UNIVERSITAT ZU KOLN","€1,499,940","Topology provides mathematical tools to sort objects according to global properties regardless of local details, and manifests itself in various fields of physics. In solid-state physics, specific topological properties of the band structure, such as a band inversion, can for example robustly enforce the appearance of spin-polarized conducting states at the boundaries of the material, while its bulk remains insulating. The boundary states of these ‘topological insulators’ in fact provide a suppo",{"id":487,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":488,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":489,"abstract":490},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759733","Competition and Regulation of Platform Markets","€848,750","Despite the obvious efficiency gains generated by platform intermediation, the last few years have witnessed a renewed concern about its impact on consumer welfare. The pricing practices in platform markets raise a number of challenges to economic theory and competition policy, which I plan to address in this research project. Several components of the project are envisaged: Drip Pricing and Missed Sales Drip pricing is the practice, common among online retailers, of advertising a basic price at",{"id":492,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":493,"piName":14,"institution":494,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":495,"abstract":496},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757860","CONNECTED CLERICS. BUILDING A UNIVERSAL CHURCH IN THE LATE ANTIQUE WEST (380-604 CE)","ROYAL HOLLOWAY AND BEDFORD NEW COLLEGE","€1,465,316","In 380 CE, the Emperor Theodosius (d. 395) ordered all Roman subjects to follow Catholic Christianity and limited imperial patronage to the Catholic Church. Theodosius was the last ruler to reign over a united empire. At his death the realm was divided into two halves, and by the end of Gregory the Great’s papacy (d. 604), a mosaic of independent kingdoms had replaced the western part of the empire. Yet despite the political division, during this period western clerics built a supra-regional ecc",{"id":498,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":499,"piName":14,"institution":500,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":501},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758703","Pioneering focused Ultrasounds as a new non-invasive deep brain stimulation for a causal investigation of empathy related brain processes in moral learning and decision making","KONINKLIJKE NEDERLANDSE AKADEMIE VAN WETENSCHAPPEN - KNAW","The success of humans depends on their ability to cooperate. Cooperation requires learning to avoid actions that harm others and select those that balance benefits for self and others. Reinforcement leaning captures how individuals learn to optimize benefits for themselves, by associating actions and outcomes for the self. The social context requires to incorporate outcomes for others into that equation by transforming them into the currency used to value our own outcomes. Research on empathy, b",{"id":503,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":504,"piName":14,"institution":505,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":506,"abstract":507},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756017","Armoring multifunctional T cells for cancer therapy","LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAET MUENCHEN","€1,636,710","Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) is a powerful approach to treat even advanced cancer diseases where poor prognosis calls for innovative treatments. However ACT is critically limited by insufficient T cell infiltration into the tumor, T cell activation at the tumor site and local T cell suppression. Few advances have been made in the field to tackle these limitations besides increasing T cell activation. My group has focussed on these unaddressed issues but came to realise that tackling these one b",{"id":509,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":510,"piName":14,"institution":511,"country":441,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":512},"cordis-european-research-council-award-755744","Tuneable Catalyst Surfaces for Heterogeneous Catalysis –  Electrochemical Switching of Selectivity and Activity","MONTANUNIVERSITAET LEOBEN","In heterogeneous catalysis surfaces decorated with uniformly dispersed, catalytically highly active particles are a key requirement for excellent performance. One of the main tasks in catalysis research is the continuous improvement or development of catalytically active materials.An emerging concept in catalyst design, and the aim of this project, is to selectively and reversibly tune and modify the surface chemistry by electrochemical polarisation. Perovskite-type catalysts raise the opportuni",{"id":514,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":515,"piName":14,"institution":516,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":517,"abstract":518},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759139","Targeting the Oncogenic Function of Myc in vivo","JULIUS-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAT WURZBURG","€1,497,905","The transcription factor Myc plays a central role in tumourigenesis but was deemed undruggable due to it being an essential protein. However, recent proof-of-principle studies in mice using a dominant negative allele of Myc demonstrated the dependency of established tumours on Myc function and showed that mice tolerated Myc inhibition to a degree that allowed tumour regression. In line with these observations my group found Myc to regulate distinct sets of genes at low, physiological and high, o",{"id":520,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":521,"piName":14,"institution":522,"country":523,"year":13,"amount":524,"abstract":525},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757553","New mechanisms and materials for odd-frequency superconductivity","UPPSALA UNIVERSITET","SE","€1,121,660","Odd-frequency superconductivity is a very unique superconducting state that is odd in time or, equivalently, frequency, which is opposite to the ordinary behavior of superconductivity. It has been realized to be the absolute key to understand the surprising physics of superconductor-ferromagnet (SF) structures and has also enabled the whole emerging field of superconducting spintronics. This project will discover and explore entirely new mechanisms and materials for odd-frequency superconductivi",{"id":527,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":528,"piName":14,"institution":335,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":529,"abstract":530},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758014","Scaling up behavior and autonomous adaptation for macro models of climate change damage assessment","€1,499,691","Damage associated with climate change is a core benchmark in science and policy. Macro Integrated Assessment Models estimating damages are criticized for neglecting risk distribution, adaptation dynamics and the possible collapse of regional economies. Micro-level social science studies contain substantial knowledge on individual behavior, decisions under risk and autonomous climate adaptation, and go beyond monetary losses by focusing on resilience. This knowledge can ameliorate theoretical and",{"id":532,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":533,"piName":14,"institution":534,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":535},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757909","Molecular and structural mechanisms for metazoan replication origin specification","FRIEDRICH MIESCHER INSTITUTE FOR BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH FONDATION","Cellular life depends on the timely and accurate duplication of chromosomal DNA through semi-conservative replication to sustain genomic integrity and organismal viability. In all domains of life, DNA replication relies on dedicated initiator proteins that recognize and bind specific genomic sites, termed replication origins, to facilitate the loading of ring-shaped replicative helicases onto DNA. While origin recognition by initiators is determined by specific DNA sequences in prokaryotes and i",{"id":537,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":538,"piName":14,"institution":539,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":540,"abstract":541},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757725","Engineering Topological Phases and Excitations in Nanostructures with Interactions","UNIVERSITAT BASEL","€1,158,403","The main goal of this theory project is to propose engineered topological phases emerging only in strongly interacting systems and to identify the most feasible systems for experimental implementation. First, we will focus on setups hosting topological states localized at domain walls in one-dimensional channels such as parafermions, which are a new class of non-Abelian anyons and most promising candidates for topological quantum computing schemes. Second, in the framework of weakly coupled wire",{"id":543,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":544,"piName":14,"institution":545,"country":523,"year":13,"amount":546,"abstract":547},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759655","Supercapacitive Polymer Electrodes for Directing Epithelial Repair","CHALMERS TEKNISKA HOGSKOLA AB","€1,488,750","In this project we develop a new approach, using the conducting polymer poly (3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) to apply electrical fields (EFs) for guidance of cells. EFs are recognised as important guidance cues in the development and life cycle of human tissues. However, better tools are urgently needed to support experiments and applications. By developing supercapacitive PEDOT electrodes, able to support an ionic flow over extended time frames, we here target the most widely studied clin",{"id":549,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":550,"piName":14,"institution":330,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":551,"abstract":552},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758757","A new paradigm for centromere biology: Evolution and mechanism of CenH3-independent chromosome segregation in holocentric insects","€1,497,500","Faithful chromosome segregation in all eukaryotes relies on centromeres, the chromosomal sites that recruit kinetochore proteins and mediate spindle attachment during cell division. Fundamental to centromere function is a histone H3 variant, CenH3, that initiates kinetochore assembly on centromeric DNA. CenH3 is conserved throughout most eukaryotes; its deletion is lethal in all organisms tested. These findings established the paradigm that CenH3 is an absolute requirement for centromere functio",{"id":554,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":555,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":556,"abstract":557},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759194","Understanding Type Ia SuperNovae for Accurate Cosmology","€1,437,188","With this proposal I aim at removing astrophysical biases in SN cosmology that limit improvements in the derivation of properties of the dark energy (DE). DE is the cause of the recent acceleration of the expansion of the Universe and accounts for ~70% of its total energy. The initial discovery based on distance measurements from Type Ia Supernovae (SNeIa) has since been confirmed with several independent probes. Today, the goal of cosmology is to understand the nature of DE, and SNeIa remain a ",{"id":559,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":560,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":561,"abstract":562},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759817","Ant navigation: how complex behaviours emerge from mini-brains in interaction with their natural habitats","€1,439,893","Navigation is one of the most crucial and most challenging problems animals face. Behavioural analyses have shown that animals make use of a number of different mechanisms to navigate, but very little is known of how spatial information is processed and integrated by the brain. This project will exploit the stunning ability of ants in learning long visual routes to investigate the mechanisms of navigation in a brain numerically much simpler than vertebrate. We will combine an ecological approach",{"id":564,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":565,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":566,"abstract":567},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757507","Structural Biology of Exopolysaccharide Secretion in Bacterial Biofilms","€1,499,901","Bacterial biofilm formation is a paramount developmental process in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative species and in many pathogens has been associated with processes of horizontal gene transfer, antibiotic resistance development and pathogen persistence. Bacterial biofilms are collaborative sessile macrocolonies embedded in complex extracellular matrix that secures both mechanical resistance and a medium for intercellular exchange. Biogenesis platforms for the secretion of biofilm matrix com",{"id":569,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":570,"piName":14,"institution":288,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":571,"abstract":572},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757173","Next Generation Machine Intelligence for Medical Image Representation and Analysis","€1,499,292","Machines capable of analysing and interpreting medical scans with super-human performance would transform healthcare as much as medical imaging itself did over the last century. With an increasing complexity and volume of data the interpretation of images and extraction of clinically useful information push human abilities to the limit. There is high risk that critical patterns of disease go undetected. We require powerful and trustworthy computational tools based on machine intelligence to supp",{"id":574,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":575,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":576,"abstract":577},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758911","Quantum superiority with coherent states","€1,494,738","The unique features of quantum mechanics enable communication and computation tasks impossible to achieve by classical means. This opens a tremendous potential for enhancing the power, efficiency and security of everyday interactions in our information-based society. The quest of the demonstration in physical systems of quantum superiority has led to milestone implementations, most notably of the distribution of secret keys with unconditional security or of elementary computations such as the ef",{"id":579,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":580,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":581,"abstract":582},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758620","Correlated frontiers of many-body quantum mathematics and condensed matter physics","€1,056,664","One of the main challenges in condensed matter physics is to understand strongly correlated quantum systems. Our purpose is to approach this issue from the point of view of rigorous mathematical analysis. The goals are twofold: develop a mathematical framework applicable to physically relevant scenarii, take inspiration from the physics to introduce new topics in mathematics. The scope of the proposal thus goes from physically oriented questions (theoretical description and modelization of physi",{"id":584,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":585,"piName":14,"institution":586,"country":377,"year":13,"amount":587,"abstract":588},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758973","Cryptophane-Enhanced Trace Gas Spectroscopy for On-Chip Methane Detection","UNIVERSITETET I TROMSOE - NORGES ARKTISKE UNIVERSITET","€1,499,749","Sensitivity of on-chip gas sensors is still at least 2-3 orders of magnitude lower than what is needed for applications in atmospheric monitoring and climate research. For optical sensors, this comes as a natural consequence of miniaturization: sensitivity scales with interaction length, which is directly related to instrument size. The aim of this project is to explore a new concept of combined chemical and spectroscopic detection for on-chip sensing of methane, the principal component of natur",{"id":590,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":591,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":592,"abstract":593},"cordis-european-research-council-award-804480","Understanding the Quark and Gluon Structure of the Nucleus","€1,405,881","The representation of the nucleus as an aggregate of protons and neutrons has been quite successful to describe nuclear properties in the past. However, it is now the time to understand the nuclear structure in terms of quarks and gluons (i.e. the partons). We have known for more than 30 years that the quark distribution deviates by up to 20% from the standard model of nuclear physics. With time, most explanations of this phenomenon have come to fail and this major nuclear effect remains today a",{"id":595,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":596,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":597,"abstract":598},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757912","SOot in TUrbulent Flames: a new look at soot production processes in turbulent flames leading to novel models for predictive large eddy simulations","€1,436,330","Many practical systems emit soot into the atmosphere as a result of incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. This pollutant emission is characterized by a distribution of solid carbon particles with different sizes and shapes, which have negative effects on human health and environment. Controlling such emission represents a societal issue and an industrial challenge that require a deep understanding of the intricate processes underlying soot production in the turbulent flames that generally chara",{"id":600,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":601,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":602,"abstract":603},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759702","Elliptic Combinatorics: Solving famous models from combinatorics, probability and statistical mechanics, via a transversal approach of special functions","€1,242,400","I am willing to solve several well-known models from combinatorics, probability theory and statistical mechanics: the Ising model on isoradial graphs, dimer models, spanning forests, random walks in cones, occupation time problems. Although completely unrelated a priori, these models have the common feature of being presumed “exactly solvable” models, for which surprising and spectacular formulas should exist for quantities of interest. This is captured by the title “Elliptic Combinatorics”, the",{"id":605,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":606,"piName":14,"institution":433,"country":434,"year":13,"amount":607,"abstract":608},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758403","Open dynamics of interacting and disordered quantum systems","€1,333,325","This research proposal focuses on the open quantum system dynamics of disordered and interacting many- body systems coupled to external baths. The dynamics of systems which contain both disorder and interactions are currently under intense theoretical investigation in condensed matter physics due to the discovery of a new phase of matter known as many-body localization. With the experimental realization of such systems in mind, this proposal addresses an essential issue which is to understand ho",{"id":610,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":611,"piName":14,"institution":612,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":613},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757365","The Politics of Reading in the People’s Republic of China","ALBERT-LUDWIGS-UNIVERSITAET FREIBURG","READCHINA is the first broad investigation into the politics and practices of reading in the People’s Republic of China (PRC), their interpretation and their impact on social and intellectual change. The main objective of the study is a reinvestigation of literary history and cultural policy of the PRC from the perspective of the ordinary reader. This grassroots approach is innovative in the writing of Chinese literary history as it means turning away from the established focus on authors and th",{"id":615,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":616,"piName":14,"institution":382,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":617},"cordis-european-research-council-award-760010","Cooperative and competitive parallel memory units for choice behaviors","This proposal seeks to understand the molecular and circuit mechanisms used to store information in parallel memory units, and how these memories are integrated to guide action selection. We will use the Drosophila mushroom body (MB), a key center for associative learning in insect brains, as a model system. We recently generated intersectional genetic drivers that allowed us to draw a comprehensive anatomical map and selectively manipulate nearly all of the MB’s ~60 cell types.        Sparse ac",{"id":619,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":620,"piName":14,"institution":505,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":621,"abstract":622},"cordis-european-research-council-award-802305","T cell-driven inflammatory mechanisms promote recovery after acute brain injury","€1,487,500","The overall goal of this project is to investigate T cells as “Trojan horses” to improve recovery from brain injuries – we will gain novel insights on how T cells promote neurologic recovery by modulating the cerebral micromilieu and how these pathomechanisms can be therapeutically targeted. Inflammation is a common response to acute brain injuries, which are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. I have recently identified continuous cerebral T cell recruitment as a hallmark of a long-last",{"id":624,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":625,"piName":14,"institution":626,"country":460,"year":13,"amount":627,"abstract":628},"cordis-european-research-council-award-804476","Side-Channel Aware Engineering","TAMPEREEN KORKEAKOULUSAATIO SR","€1,499,950","As the recent HeartBleed bug in OpenSSL demonstrates, the security of cryptographic software and devices cannot be understated. They build the foundation for basic security guarantees such as confidentiality and authentication, enabling technologies such as secure communication. For example, Transport Layer Security enables e-commerce, a 1.9 trillion USD global industry in 2016.The more modern trend, especially in the embedded space, is towards hardware-assisted security. Here the aim is to leve",{"id":630,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":631,"piName":14,"institution":632,"country":467,"year":13,"amount":633,"abstract":634},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758502","Children in Comics: An Intercultural History from 1865 to Today","UNIVERSITEIT GENT","€1,452,500","Owing to their visual essence and status as a popular, modern medium, comics – newspaper strips, comics magazines and graphic novels – provide valuable insight into the transformation of collective consciousness. This project advances the hypothesis that children in comics are distinctive embodiments of the complex experience of modernity, channeling and tempering modern anxieties and incarnating the freedom denied to adults. In testing this hypothesis, the project constructs the first intercult",{"id":636,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":637,"piName":14,"institution":638,"country":90,"year":13,"amount":639,"abstract":640},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757314","New Models of Sanctity in Italy (1960s-2010s). A Semiotic Analysis of Norms, Causes of Saints, Hagiography, and Narratives","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI TORINO","€1,051,590","In cultures with a strong Catholic tradition saints represent models of life perfection, dialectically elaborated by a plurality of subjects and expressed in a thick intertextual network. Since the Second Vatican Council (1962-1965), when the Church promoted a policy of adaptation of her tradition to the modern world, the modeling of sanctity has undergone a deep transformation. In a context of global change, new models of sanctity have assumed a central role in guiding the faithful by proposing",{"id":642,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":643,"piName":14,"institution":644,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":645,"abstract":646},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759262","Evolution of artificial enzymes for light-driven reactions by implementing unnatural cofactors in protein scaffolds","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAT BERLIN","€1,498,749","The LightZymes project aims to create artificial enzymes (LightZymes) catalyzing selective light-driven conversions of small organic molecules.Enzyme catalysis has a large potential in the development of a sustainable, bio-based economy and is increasingly applied on industrial scale. Nature’s repertoire of enzymatic reactions is huge, but for many reactions developed by chemists, no natural enzyme is available.I envision expanding the chemical diversity of enzymes to photoredox catalysis. Chemi",{"id":648,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":649,"piName":14,"institution":650,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":651},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759425","Advancing cell based therapies by supporting implant survival","UNIVERSITEIT TWENTE","Tissue engineering aims at the creation of living implants to replace, repair, or regenerate damaged, diseased, or aged tissues, which holds tremendous possibilities to both extend our lives and improve our quality of life. During the last decades, our ability to create small tissues to heal small animals e.g. mice and rats has taken a breath taking leap. However, we have relentlessly struggled to create viable tissues of human-relevant sizes. Creating solid large tissues imposes lethal nutrient",{"id":653,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":654,"piName":14,"institution":655,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":656,"abstract":657},"cordis-european-research-council-award-802682","Multimode light shaping: from optical fibers to nanodevices","UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON","€1,450,455","The project MODES arises in the framework of the emerging interest for nonlinear multimode processes in optical fibers,  and wants to extend it to on-chip waveguides and nanoparticles, where the study of the nonlinear multimode dynamics is still on its infancy.This project is based on a central key-idea: by properly engineering a multimode system, we can shape and master the nonlinear interaction between the modes into play, and finally exploit it for novel applications in several strategic area",{"id":659,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":660,"piName":14,"institution":661,"country":377,"year":13,"amount":662,"abstract":663},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758657","Imaging Perfusion Restrictions from Extracellular Solid Stress","OSLO UNIVERSITETSSYKEHUS HF","€1,499,638","Even the perfect cancer drug must reach its target to have an effect. The ImPRESS project main objective is to develop a novel imaging paradigm coined Restricted Perfusion Imaging (RPI) to reveal - for the first time in humans - vascular restrictions in solid cancers caused by mechanical solid stress, and use RPI to demonstrate that alleviating this force will repair the cancerous microenvironment and improve therapeutic response. Delivery of anti-cancer drugs to the tumor is critically dependen",{"id":665,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":666,"piName":14,"institution":667,"country":523,"year":13,"amount":668,"abstract":669},"cordis-european-research-council-award-802091","Unravelling the Interplay between Metabolism, Gut Microbiome and Adaptive Immunity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis","KAROLINSKA INSTITUTET","€1,499,196","Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare but devastating neurodegenerative disorder that in lack of effective treatments leads to death within a few years of diagnosis. ALS is increasingly being recognized as a systemic disease affecting not only the central nervous system but also other physiological aspects. We hypothesize that there is a disease-specific interplay between metabolism, gut microbiome and adaptive immunity, which substantially contributes to the etiopathogenesis of ALS. The",{"id":671,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":672,"piName":14,"institution":673,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":674,"abstract":675},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757648","Modelling the genomic landscapes of selection and speciation","THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH","€1,497,755","Understanding how natural selection, random genetic drift and demographic events interact to generate and maintain genetic and species diversity has been the central focus of population genetics for many decades. We now have the necessary genome sequence data to make detailed and powerful inferences about the evolutionary past of populations and species, yet our ability to meaningfully interpret such data has remained fundamentally limited.This project will use a combination of theory, developme",{"id":677,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":678,"piName":14,"institution":679,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":680,"abstract":681},"cordis-european-research-council-award-755748","Hybrid Retinal Prosthesis: High-Resolution Electrode Array Integrated with Neurons for Restoration of Sight","BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY","€1,499,582","Vision restoration in patients with outer retinal degenerative diseases, such as Age-related Macular Degeneration and Retinitis Pigmentosa can be achieved by bypassing the degenerated photoreceptors and the electrical stimulation of the relatively well-preserved inner retina through electrode implants. Although current retinal prostheses have been shown to provide useful vision in blind patients, the obtained visual acuity and quality are still relatively low. Several challenges cannot be addres",{"id":683,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":684,"piName":14,"institution":351,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":685},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758892","Deciphering super-Earths using Artificial Intelligence","The discovery of extrasolar planets - i.e. planets orbiting other stars - has fundamentally transformed our understanding of planets, solar systems and our place in the Milky Way. Recent discoveries have shown that planets between 1-2 R are the most abundant in our galaxy, so called super-Earths. Yet, they are entirely absent from our own solar system. Their nature, chemistry, formation histories or climate remain very much a mystery. Estimates of their densities suggest a variety of possible pl",{"id":687,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":688,"piName":14,"institution":689,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":690,"abstract":691},"cordis-european-research-council-award-715423","Indigenous Knowledge in the Making of Science: Historia Naturalis Brasiliae (1648)","UNIVERSITEIT LEIDEN","€1,475,565","This project is an interdisciplinary study of the role of indigenous knowledge in the making of science. Situated at the intersection of history and anthropology, its main research objective is to understand the transformation of information and practices of South American indigenous peoples into a body of knowledge that became part of the Western scholarly canon. It aims to explore, by means of a distinctive case-study, how European science is constructed in intercultural settings. This project",{"id":693,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":694,"piName":14,"institution":376,"country":377,"year":13,"amount":695,"abstract":696},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759820","Engaged Universals: Ethnographic explorations of  ‘Universal Health Coverage’ and the public good in Africa","€1,484,797","UNIVERSAL HEALTH is an anthropological study that follows how a new global policy, Universal Health Coverage (UHC), travels and is engaged by policy-makers, bureaucrats and citizens in three African countries. Defined by the WHO as ensuring that all people can use the health services they need without financial hardship, UHC is a powerful concept that approaches public health as a matter of justice and obligation and is included in the Sustainable Development Goals. UHC is particularly important",{"id":698,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":699,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":700,"abstract":701},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759390","Hausa and Kanuri languages as archive for the history of Sahara and Sahel in 18th and 19th century","€1,497,168","The eighteenth and nineteenth century history of the central Sahara and Sahel has primarily been written using Europeanor jihadist Arabic sources. This has led to an overwhelming emphasis on religion, politics, and geography as core themesthat shaped social and cultural dynamics in this region. By focusing on sources in African languages—until now largelyforgotten by historians—the project LANGARCHIV aims to enrich and expand this narrative. Hausa and Kanuri materialcollected by Germanophone, Br",{"id":703,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":704,"piName":14,"institution":197,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":705,"abstract":706},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757111","ABIOtic Synthesis of RNA: an investigation on how life started before biology existed","€1,497,031","The emergence of life is one of the most fascinating and yet largely unsolved questions in the natural sciences, and thus a significant challenge for scientists from many disciplines. There is growing evidence that ribonucleic acid (RNA) polymers, which are capable of genetic information storage and self-catalysis, were involved in the early forms of life. But despite recent progress, RNA synthesis without biological machineries is very challenging. The current project aims at understanding how ",{"id":708,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":709,"piName":14,"institution":710,"country":711,"year":13,"amount":712,"abstract":713},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759840","Fatty acid incorporation and modification in cyanobacterial natural products","CENTRO INTERDISCIPLINAR DE INVESTIGACAO MARINHA E AMBIENTAL","PT","€1,462,938","Known, but mostly novel natural products (NPs) are in high demand – these are used in drugs, cosmetics and agrochemicals and serve also as research tools to probe biological systems. NP structures inspire chemists to develop new syntheses, and NP biosynthetic enzymes add to the metabolic engineer’s toolbox. The advent of next generation DNA-sequencing has revealed a vastly rich pool of NP biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) among bacterial genomes, most of which with no corresponding NP. Hence, op",{"id":715,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":716,"piName":14,"institution":119,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":717},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758334","Lipid asymmetry: a cellular battery?","It is a basic textbook notion that the plasma membranes of virtually all organisms display an asymmetric lipid distribution between inner and outer leaflets far removed from thermodynamic equilibrium. As a fundamental biological principle, lipid asymmetry has been linked to numerous cellular processes. However, a clear mechanistic justification for the continued existence of lipid asymmetry throughout evolution has yet to be established. We propose here that lipid asymmetry serves as a store of ",{"id":719,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":720,"piName":14,"institution":673,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":721,"abstract":722},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757688","HIV-1 acquisition and the future of prevention strategies: deciphering the eclipse phase through modelling and phylogenetics","€1,340,388","The HIV eclipse phase typically refers to the time between a virus entering a sexually exposed person and detection of viral RNA in their plasma. Of the four phases of HIV-1 infection (eclipse, acute, chronic and AIDS), the eclipse phase is currently the only window of opportunity for viral clearance. Systemic infection is currently irreversible after the onset of the acute phase. Preventing systemic HIV infection after exposure, therefore, requires understanding and targeting the eclipse phase.",{"id":724,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":725,"piName":14,"institution":726,"country":90,"year":13,"amount":727,"abstract":728},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758199","NEw Windown inTO Earth's iNterior","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI PADOVA","€1,466,030","Comprehensive seismic programs undertaken in the past few years, combined with emerging new numerical technologies now provide the potential, for the first time, to explore in detail the Earth’s interior. However, such an integrated approach is currently not contemplated, which produces physical inconsistencies among the different studies that strongly bias our understanding of the Earth’s internal structure and dynamics. Of particular concern are nowadays apparent thermo-petrological anomalies ",{"id":730,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":731,"piName":14,"institution":732,"country":523,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":733},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759082","Topology of moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces","STOCKHOLMS UNIVERSITET","The proposal describes two main projects. Both of them concern cohomology of moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces, but the aims are rather different.The first is a natural continuation of my work on tautological rings, which I intend to work on with Qizheng Yin and Mehdi Tavakol. In this project, we will introduce a new perspective on tautological rings, which is that the tautological cohomology of moduli spaces of pointed Riemann surfaces can be described in terms of tautological cohomology of the",{"id":735,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":736,"piName":14,"institution":737,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":738,"abstract":739},"cordis-european-research-council-award-802107","Effective Methods in Tame Geometry and Applications in Arithmetic and Dynamics","WEIZMANN INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE","€1,155,027","Tame geometry studies structures in which every definable set has afinite geometric complexity. The study of tame geometry spans severalinterrelated mathematical fields, including semialgebraic,subanalytic, and o-minimal geometry. The past decade has seen theemergence of a spectacular link between tame geometry and arithmeticfollowing the discovery of the fundamental Pila-Wilkie countingtheorem and its applications in unlikely diophantineintersections. The P-W theorem itself relies crucially on ",{"id":741,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":742,"piName":14,"institution":743,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":744,"abstract":745},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757339","Dissecting the cellular and molecular dynamics of bone marrow fibrosis for improved diagnostics and treatment","ERASMUS UNIVERSITAIR MEDISCH CENTRUM ROTTERDAM","€1,498,544","Bone marrow (BM) fibrosis is the continuous replacement of blood forming cells in the bone marrow by scar tissue, ultimately leading to failure of the body to produce blood cells. Primary myelofibrosis (PMF), an incurable blood cancer, is the prototypic example of the step-wise development of BM fibrosis. The specific mechanisms that cause BM fibrosis are not understood, in particular as the cells driving fibrosis have remained obscure.My recent findings demonstrate that Gli1+ cells are fibrosis",{"id":747,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":748,"piName":14,"institution":689,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":749,"abstract":750},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758671","A New Model of Global Governance in International Tax Law Making","€1,384,750","The overall aim of this research project is to assess the feasibility and legitimacy of the current model of global tax governance and the role of the OECD and EU in international tax lawmaking.   Unlike the former OECD projects that only provide for exchange of information between countries, in the BEPS Project, the EU Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive, the EU state aid investigations and the EU External Strategy, the OECD and the EU focus on substantive issues that when implemented will change the ",{"id":752,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":753,"piName":14,"institution":754,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":755,"abstract":756},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757848","Controlling earthQuakes","ECOLE CENTRALE DE NANTES","€1,499,999","According to the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED), earthquakes are responsible for more than half of the total human losses due to natural disasters from 1994 to 2003. There is no doubt that earthquakes are lethal and costly. CoQuake proposes an alternative, ground-breaking approach for avoiding catastrophic earthquakes by inducing them at a lower energetic level. Earthquakes are a natural phenomenon that we cannot avoid, but –for the first time– in CoQuake I will show",{"id":758,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":759,"piName":14,"institution":522,"country":523,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":760},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757444","SOphisticated 3D cell culture scaffolds for  Next Generation Barrier-on-chip In vitro moDels","The blood-brain barrier is a sophisticated biological barrier comprising several different cell types, structured in a well-defined order with the task to strictly control the passage of molecules - such as drugs against neurodegenerative diseases - from the blood into the brain. To reduce the ethical and economic costs of drug development, which in EU today uses ~10 million experimental animals every year, we must develop in vitro models of the blood-brain barrier with high in vivo correlation,",{"id":762,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":763,"piName":14,"institution":764,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":765,"abstract":766},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759272","Stress as a modifier of atherosclerosis  - Novel mechanistic insights and therapeutic avenues -","DEUTSCHES HERZZENTRUM MUNCHEN","€1,477,680","Atherosclerosis and its complications such as acute coronary syndromes (myocardial infarction and unstable angina) are leading causes of death in the EU and worldwide. Mental stress is known to be a major trigger for the onset of acute coronary syndromes, even in patients with state-of-the-art medical treatment. How acute mental stress rapidly drives plaque destabilization causing acute coronary syndromes is poorly understood and consequently specific treatment, although urgently needed, is lack",{"id":768,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":769,"piName":14,"institution":770,"country":460,"year":13,"amount":771,"abstract":772},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756431","Domestication in Action - Tracing Archaeological Markers of Human-Animal Interaction","OULUN YLIOPISTO","€1,490,915","The project will create new methodology for identification and interpretation of animal domestication, with a case study pertaining to reindeer domestication among the indigenous Sámi in northern Fennoscandia. Identification of early animal domestication is complicated due to the limited human control over the animals’ life cycles in early stages of domestication, leading to difficulties in interpreting morphological and genetic data, as well as in using traditional concepts and definitions of d",{"id":774,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":775,"piName":14,"institution":776,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":777},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757700","Hypermutated tumors: insight into genome maintenance and cancer vulnerabilities provided by an extreme burden of somatic mutations","FUNDACIO INSTITUT DE RECERCA BIOMEDICA (IRB BARCELONA)","Mutations are the fuel of any evolutionary process, and this also applies to carcinogenesis. The advent of affordable DNA sequencing has enabled mutagenic processes in the human soma to be quantified genome-wide, revealing a striking occurrence of hypermutated tumors. They exhibit an extreme load of somatic changes, often harbouring hundreds of single-nucleotide variants and\u002For indels per megabase. The HYPER-INSIGHT project is organized into three objectives, which aim to take advantage of the u",{"id":779,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":780,"piName":14,"institution":781,"country":41,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":782},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758794","Quantum optomechanics at ROOm Temperature","UNIVERSITE PARIS-SACLAY","5 years ago, the field of optomechanics has entered the quantum regime. By doing so, this domain which investigates the reciprocal interactions between light and mechanical motion has overcome the long-standing paradox of Quantum Mechanical effects at the macroscopic scale. Such outstanding achievement relies on the so-called “cavity nano-optomechanical” technology, which combines strongly reduced dimensions with ultra-high optical confinement, enabling very large optomechanical coupling rates a",{"id":784,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":785,"piName":14,"institution":786,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":787,"abstract":788},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757608","Shuttle Catalysis for Reversible Molecular Construction","EIDGENOESSISCHE TECHNISCHE HOCHSCHULE ZUERICH","€1,485,000","Homogeneous catalysis is one of the pillars of modern chemical synthesis because it enables the sustainable preparation of molecules that find applications in medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry, and materials science. However, many catalytic reactions use hazardous reagents, are unpractical on laboratory-scale or limited in scope. Moreover, while a relatively broad set of catalytic reactions are available to construct chemical bonds, methods to cleave those, which could find applications in biom",{"id":790,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":791,"piName":14,"institution":792,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":793,"abstract":794},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758885","4-Colours\u002F2-Junctions of III-V semiconductors on Si to use in electronics devices and solar cells","UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE MADRID","€1,499,719","It was early predicted by M. Green and coeval colleagues that dividing the solar spectrum into narrow ranges of colours is the most efficient manner to convert solar energy into electrical power. Multijunction solar cells are the current solution to this challenge, which have reached over 30% conversion efficiencies by stacking 3 junctions together. However, the large fabrication costs and time hinders their use in everyday life. It has been shown that highly mismatched alloy (HMA) materials pro",{"id":796,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":797,"piName":14,"institution":798,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":799},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757958","Multi-perspective Ultrasound Strain Imaging & Elastography","TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT EINDHOVEN","Ultrasound (US) is the modality of choice for imaging and functional measurements of the cardiovascular system due to its high spatial and temporal resolution. In recent years, the use of US has been on the rise owing to huge advancements in acquisition speed and resolution. Nevertheless, because of physical constraints, several issues —limited field-of-view, refraction, resolution and, contrast anisotropy— cannot be resolved using a single probe. This proposal will aim at tackling these issues ",{"id":801,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":802,"piName":14,"institution":415,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":803,"abstract":804},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758713","Development of strategies to eliminate cancer cells from the bone marrow","€1,490,825","The bone marrow (BM) represents the prime location in which cancer cells survive aggressive treatments. This poses a major health challenge because the mortality rate of patients with curable cancer doubles if tumor cells persist in the BM. One unresolved question is why the immune system fails to eradicate cancer cells from this microenvironment even though it represents a lymphatic organ. Surprisingly, despite the ongoing revolution in immune oncology, the regulation and potential therapeutic ",{"id":806,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":807,"piName":14,"institution":786,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":808,"abstract":809},"cordis-european-research-council-award-804307","Identifying the Impact of Asylum Polices on Refugee Integration and Political Backlash in Host Communities","€1,486,730","Confronted with the largest refugee crisis since the Second World War, European governments are struggling with a complex and urgent question: how to best facilitate the integration of increasing numbers of refugees, while mitigating political conflict and native backlash in host communities? Despite the importance of this question, we lack reliable causal evidence of the impact of the asylum process and the consequences of most integration programs. The goal of INTEGRATE is two-fold. First, to ",{"id":811,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":812,"piName":14,"institution":813,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":814,"abstract":815},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757867","New paradigms for correlated quantum matter: Hierarchical topology, Kondo topological metals, and deep learning","UNIVERSITAT ZURICH","€1,362,401","Discovering, classifying and understanding phases of quantum matter is a core goal of condensed matter physics. Next to the notion of symmetry breaking phases, the concept of topological phases of matter is a prevailing theme of recent research. Topological phases are envisioned for various applications due to their universal and robust properties, such as protected conducting boundary modes, and provoke fundamental questions about the nature of many-body quantum states by providing the basis fo",{"id":817,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":818,"piName":14,"institution":819,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":820,"abstract":821},"cordis-european-research-council-award-754475","New horizons in homogeneous dynamics and its applications","TECHNION - ISRAEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY","€1,432,730","We present a large variety of novel lines of research in Homogeneous Dynamics with emphasis on the dynamics of the diagonal group. Both new and classical applications are suggested, most notably to • Number Theory• Geometry of Numbers• Diophantine approximation. Emphasis is given to applications in • Diophantine properties of algebraic numbers.The proposal is built of 4 sections.(1) In the first section we discuss questions pertaining to topological and distributional aspects of periodic orbits ",{"id":823,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":824,"piName":14,"institution":786,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":825,"abstract":826},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758604","Enhancing brain function and cognition via artificial entrainment of neural oscillations","€1,497,104","Neural oscillations are ubiquitous in the human brain and have been implicated in diverse cognitive functions to support both neural communication and plasticity. Their functional relevance is further supported by a large number of studies linking various cognitive deficits (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD) with abnormal neural oscillations. However, this field of research faces two important problems: First, there is only correlative, but no causal evidence linking cognitiv",{"id":828,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":829,"piName":14,"institution":473,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":830,"abstract":831},"cordis-european-research-council-award-755129","The Legacy of Colonialism: Origins and Outcomes of Social Protection","€1,486,250","Social protection has been one of the most popular instruments for promoting human development across the globe. However, the great majority of the global population is not or only partly covered by social protection. Especially in developing countries it is often the very poorest who do not receive essential social benefits. This is highly problematic since inclusive social protection is assumed to be a key factor for national productivity, global economic growth and domestic stability. Social ",{"id":833,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":834,"piName":14,"institution":835,"country":711,"year":13,"amount":836,"abstract":837},"cordis-european-research-council-award-760090","Rescuing seeds’ heritage: engaging in a new framework of agriculture and innovation since the 18th century","UNIVERSIDADE DE COIMBRA","€1,467,727","Humanity is facing a huge challenge: how to feed a growing population in a sustainable way? Scientists from different fields are looking for answers and ReSEED aims to assist such endeavours. Solutions depend on one key issue: seeds. We can have appropriate soil, climate or technologies, however without proper seeds it is impossible to guarantee food production. As historiography has given little attention to the role of seed varieties, there are many gaps in scientific knowledge. I argue that l",{"id":839,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":840,"piName":14,"institution":841,"country":441,"year":13,"amount":842,"abstract":843},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757931","Smart HydroGEL SYStems – From Bioinspired Design to Soft Electronics and Machines","UNIVERSITAT LINZ","€1,499,975","Hydrogels evolved as versatile building blocks of life – we all are in essence gel-embodied soft machines. Drawing inspiration from the diversity found in living creatures, GEL-SYS will develop a set of concepts, materials approaches and design rules for wide ranging classes of soft, hydrogel-based electronic, ionic and photonic devices in three core aims.Aim (A) will pursue a high level of complexity in soft, yet tough biomimetic devices and machines by introducing nature-inspired instant stron",{"id":845,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":846,"piName":14,"institution":847,"country":12,"year":13,"amount":848,"abstract":849},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759289","Micro-pyrites associated with organic material in ancient stromatolites: a new proxy attesting for their biogenicity","UNIVERSITE DE LAUSANNE","€1,060,250","Identifying Archean fossil remains from the Earth’s early biosphere is ambitious and determining the biological origin and the associated metabolic pathways present in these fossils is one outstanding question in the bigger quest of how life evolved on Earth. Stromatolites and Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures (MISS) are considered as one of the earliest evidence of Life in Earth’s history, and can be found from the Archean to the present time. Stromatolites are “attached laminated, sed",{"id":851,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":852,"piName":14,"institution":853,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":854,"abstract":855},"cordis-european-research-council-award-755965","Resolving the links between poverty and rule-breaking in a conservation context","BANGOR UNIVERSITY","€1,458,770","Poverty is frequently perceived to be the root cause of illegal natural resource use – the hunting or extraction of wildlife not sanctioned by the state. When unsustainable, such activities threaten conservation of ecosystems and endangered species. However, understanding what motivates individuals involved is a major challenge; understandably few are willing to discuss their motives for fear of punishment [1]. Furthermore, severe, multifaceted poverty overlaps with regions prioritised for their",{"id":857,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":858,"piName":14,"institution":119,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":859,"abstract":860},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758853","The challenging quest for low-mass dark structures","€1,359,688","Using strong gravitational lensing, I will constrain with my unique modelling technique and acquired knowledge the properties of dark matter and potentially revise the current standard paradigm for the formation of all structures which is at the core of modern cosmology and galaxy formation theories. Numerical simulations of cosmic structure formation have shown that the amount of mass in low-mass objects depends strongly on the assumed nature of dark matter. My goal is to constrain the nature o",{"id":862,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":863,"piName":14,"institution":612,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":864,"abstract":865},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757343","Emergence of Surface Roughness in Shaping, Finishing and Wear Processes","€1,499,101","Roughness on most natural and man-made surfaces shares a common fractal character from the atomic to the kilometer scale, but there is no agreed-upon understanding of its physical origin. Yet, roughness controls many aspects of engineered devices, such as friction, adhesion, wear and fatigue. Engineering roughness in surface finishing processes is costly and resource intensive. Eliminating finishing steps by controlling roughness in primary shaping or in subsequent wear processes could therefore",{"id":867,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":868,"piName":14,"institution":351,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":869},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757573","The Mechanisms and Dynamics Controlling Cycles of Lymph Node Expansion","Lymph node swelling is a classical hallmark of immunity. This expansion is observed by doctors, researchers and patients, yet as obvious as this process is, our understanding of the remodelling mechanisms involved are in their infancy. Lymph node remodelling is rapid and yet completely reversible, occurring countless times throughout our lifetimes. The purpose of this proposal is to understand how lymph node remodelling occurs and is resolved, repeatedly; to understand immunity in a whole organ ",{"id":871,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":872,"piName":14,"institution":516,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":873,"abstract":874},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759176","Tissue-resident Lymphocytes: Development and Function in “real-life” Contexts","€1,498,750","Most anatomical compartments, including mucosal barrier surfaces, solid organs and vascular spaces host different types of tissue-resident lymphocytes providing local networks for immune surveillance and front-line defense to microbial invasion. In addition to immediate effector functions, tissue-resident lymphocytes orchestrate and regulate inflammatory responses, and contribute to tissue homeostasis, repair and barrier function. Understanding the generation and function of tissue-resident lymp",{"id":876,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":877,"piName":14,"institution":878,"country":90,"year":13,"amount":879,"abstract":880},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758145","Paradoxes and Metaphors of Time in Early Universe(s)","UNIVERSITA DEGLI STUDI DI MILANO","€1,418,869","PROTEUS studies main strategies devised by Western philosophy in representing time in cosmology. It aims at modifying current metaphysics and its relationship with cosmology in the light of recent scientific debates in quantum gravity and quantum cosmology, thereby boosting a new research field in history and philosophy of cosmology. The project is based on two hypotheses: 1) the history of philosophy reveals a guideline that can be traced back to Plato and that characterizes physical and metaph",{"id":882,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":883,"piName":14,"institution":884,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":885,"abstract":886},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758212","Pyrazine Signalling in Commensal and Pathogenic Bacteria","FRIEDRICH-SCHILLER-UNIVERSITÄT JENA","€1,499,250","Quorum sensing (QS) is a bacterial cell–cell communication process involving the production, release, and detection of extracellular signal molecules called autoinducers. QS is key to all microbiology as it enables otherwise solitary bacteria to coordinate complex cooperative tasks such as biofilm formation and pathogenesis. Consequently, targeting QS is a promising new concept for antimicrobial therapy. However, for this concept to become reality, we must first identify QS systems in pathogenic",{"id":888,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":889,"piName":14,"institution":673,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":890,"abstract":891},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756226","The Rise of Placental Mammals: Dissecting an Evolutionary Radiation","€1,418,195","Mammals are ubiquitous, with over 5000 species across the globe. But how did mammals become so successful? There is vigorous debate among palaeontologists: did mammals explosively diversify after a sudden environmental crisis knocked out dinosaurs at the end of the Cretaceous (~66 million years ago) or rise to dominance more slowly, alongside the dinosaurs? The debate persists because we still know very little about those mammals that flourished during the ~10 million years after the end-Cretace",{"id":893,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":894,"piName":14,"institution":895,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":896},"cordis-european-research-council-award-803860","Social Networks of the Past: Mapping Hispanic and Lusophone Literary Modernity, 1898-1959","FUNDACIO PER A LA UNIVERSITAT OBERTA DE CATALUNYA","Data mining and big data approaches are changing the ways in which we create knowledge, access information and preserve our cultural heritage. This research applies cutting-edge technology to analyse a neglected aspect of European and non-European social and cultural life of the 20th century: the impact of Hispanic and Lusophone literary networks and cultural mediators in international modernity between 1898 and 1959. The project pursues three central goals: 1) to retrieve the lost history of Ib",{"id":898,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":899,"piName":14,"institution":900,"country":441,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":901},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758053","A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits","INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AUSTRIA","Many researchers in basic science and large IT companies are convinced that superconducting quantum processors will soon help solve complex problems faster, improve optimization and simulation, and boost the progress in artificial intelligence. A worldwide quantum web is the next logical step. It would not only improve communication security, it represents the key to unlock the full potential of the new quantum-computing paradigm. Unfortunately, research in optical quantum networks and supercond",{"id":903,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":904,"piName":14,"institution":905,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":906},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757802","Instabilities and homoclinic phenomena in Hamiltonian systems","UNIVERSITAT DE BARCELONA","A fundamental problem in the study of  dynamical systems is to ascertain whether the effect of a perturbation  on an integrable Hamiltonian system accumulates over time and leads to a large effect (instability) or it averages out (stability). Instabilities in nearly integrable systems, usually called Arnold diffusion, take place along resonances and by means of aframework of partially hyperbolic invariant objects and their homoclinic and heteroclinic connections.The goal of this project is to de",{"id":908,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":909,"piName":14,"institution":737,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":910,"abstract":911},"cordis-european-research-council-award-754705","A Theory for Understanding, Designing, and Training Deep Learning Systems","€1,442,360","The rise of deep learning, in the form of artificial neural networks, has been the most dramatic and important development in machine learning over the past decade. Much more than a merely academic topic, deep learning is currently being widely adopted in industry, placed inside commercial products, and is expected to play a key role in anticipated technological leaps such as autonomous driving and general-purpose artificial intelligence. However, our scientific understanding of deep learning is",{"id":913,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":914,"piName":14,"institution":915,"country":467,"year":13,"amount":916,"abstract":917},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757398","Nanomaterials in Oncology: Exploiting the Intrinsic Cancer-Specific Toxicity of Nanoparticles.","KATHOLIEKE UNIVERSITEIT LEUVEN","€1,947,519","In our current society, therapeutic strategies against cancer suffer from dose-limiting toxicity, lack of specificity and high morbidity. To overcome this, the use of nanomaterials (NMs) is rising, where several NM formulations are undergoing clinical trials or are used in clinics where the NMs are used as drug delivery vehicles or as mediators in physical anticancer methods (e.g. hyperthermia), where to date, the success rate is limited due to low tumor targeting efficacy, lack of specificity a",{"id":919,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":920,"piName":14,"institution":511,"country":441,"year":13,"amount":921,"abstract":922},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757961","Design of Phase Transition Kinetics in Non-Equilibrium Metals","€1,499,679","The first technological use of non-equilibrium phase transitions in metals for designing properties is documented as ~800 BC, but the time has come to make a leap forward. Nearly all classes of materials show non-equilibrium phase transitions. Understanding how fast these transitions occur is a key question in materials science. In metals, kinetics is connected to diffusion via atomic lattice vacancies. However, there is no universal sound and predictive physical understanding of the kinetics un",{"id":924,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":925,"piName":14,"institution":926,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":927,"abstract":928},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759102","Supervised Verification of Infinite-State Systems","TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY","€1,499,528","Modern society relies more and more on computing for managing complex safety-critical tasks (e.g., in medicine, avionics, economy). Correctness of computerized systems is therefore crucial, as incorrect behaviors might lead to disastrous outcomes. Still, correctness is a big open problem without satisfactory theoretical or practical solutions. This has dramatic effects on the security of our lives. The current practice in industry mainly employs testing which detects bugs but cannot ensure their",{"id":930,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":931,"piName":14,"institution":932,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":484,"abstract":933},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758508","Mushroom Body Expansion in Heliconius butterflies","UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL","The brain plays a central role in the production of adaptive behaviour. It must extract and integrate the most relevant sensory cues from the environment, and combine this information with memories of past experience to trigger appropriate behavioural responses. To fully understand the origins of behavioural novelty we need a detailed understanding of how behavioural differences are generated, both across evolutionary time and during development. This requires the integration of behavioural and ",{"id":935,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":936,"piName":14,"institution":218,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":937,"abstract":938},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757698","Rethinking Conscious Agency","€1,064,712","This project will investigate the nature, structure and significance of conscious agency along three related fronts.First, although philosophers have emphasized the importance of various aspects of consciousness for human agency, work on conscious agency within philosophy remains unsystematic. Cross-talk regarding the phenomena at issue hampers progress, as does a lack of significant attention to the richness of the phenomenology that accompanies human agency. In response, we will develop a new ",{"id":940,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":941,"piName":14,"institution":119,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":942,"abstract":943},"cordis-european-research-council-award-802836","Axions and relatives across different mass scales","€1,134,375","Pseudoscalar QCD axions and axion-like Particles (ALPs) are an excellent candidate for Dark Matter or can act as a mediator particle for Dark Matter. Since the discovery of the Higgs boson, we know that fundamental scalars exist and it is timely to explore the Axion\u002FALP parameter space more intensively. A look at the allowed axion\u002FALP parameter space makes it clear that these might exist at low mass (below few eV), as (part of) Dark Matter. Alternatively they might exist at higher mass, above ro",{"id":945,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":946,"piName":14,"institution":947,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":948,"abstract":949},"cordis-european-research-council-award-754290","The mechanical evolution from biting-chewing to piercing-sucking in insects","RHEINISCHE FRIEDRICH-WILHELMS-UNIVERSITAT BONN","€1,499,891","Insects are extremely efficient feeders that impact on the world's ecosystems and our agriculture with their feeding capabilities. Insects evolved diverse mouthpart types during ~400 million years of evolution which allowed them to conquer many food recourses. How this feeding system evolved, in particular the transition from one mouthpart type to the other, is unclear. My idea represents the first extensive assessment of insect head mechanics applying latest semi-automatic workflows and enginee",{"id":951,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":952,"piName":14,"institution":953,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":954,"abstract":955},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759628","What does it mean to be heterosexual?","GOLDSMITHS' COLLEGE","€746,048","What does mean to be heterosexual? How do you know if you are heterosexual? Though much research has investigated what it means to be *homosexual* very little empirical research has investigated the meaning of heterosexuality. Furthermore, most people who consider themselves heterosexual have never given this question much thought. However, a number of recent, tragic events (e.g., the murder of Gwen Araujo and the deadly attack by Omar Mateen) show that our perceptions of heterosexuality can hav",{"id":957,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":958,"piName":14,"institution":351,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":959,"abstract":960},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758345","Design of Mixed Anion Inorganic Semiconductors for Energy Conversion","€1,499,998","Multi-component systems offer the chemical and structural flexibility necessary to meet the needs of next-generation energy conversion. The vast majority of work in the field has focused on mixed-metal compounds. DISCOVER will computationally explore mixed-anion compounds. These are complex systems that provide significant technical challenges for atomistic and electronic structure modelling. Currently, structure-property relationships are poorly developed and there is a distinct lack of underst",{"id":962,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":963,"piName":14,"institution":964,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":965,"abstract":966},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757247","Global data justice in the era of big data: toward an inclusive framing of informational rights and freedoms","TILBURG UNIVERSITY- UNIVERSITEIT VAN TILBURG","€1,495,986","The increasing adoption of digital technologies worldwide creates data flows from places and populations that were previously digitally invisible. The resulting ‘data revolution’ is hailed as a transformative tool for human and economic development. Yet the revolution is primarily a technical one: the power to monitor, sort and intervene is not yet connected to a social justice agenda, nor have the organisations involved addressed the discriminatory potential of data technologies. Instead, the a",{"id":968,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":969,"piName":14,"institution":426,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":970,"abstract":971},"cordis-european-research-council-award-755745","Translating rewards to eye movements","€1,570,000","The drive for rewards controls almost every aspect of our behavior, from stereotypic reflexive behaviors to complex voluntary action. It is therefore not surprising that the symptoms of neurological disorders that interrupt reward processing, such as those stemming from drug-abuse and depression, include deficits in the capacity to make even simple movements. Accordingly, how do rewards drive and shape movements? The brain uses two major subcortical networks to drive behavior: the basal ganglia ",{"id":973,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":974,"piName":14,"institution":426,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":975},"cordis-european-research-council-award-755764","Cortical feedback in figure background segregation of odors.","A key question in neuroscience is how information is processed by sensory systems to guide behavior. Most of our knowledge about sensory processing is based on presentation of simple isolated stimuli and recording corresponding neural activity in relevant brain areas. Yet sensory stimuli in real life are never isolated and typically not simple. How the brain processes complex stimuli, simultaneously arising from multiple objects is unknown. Our daily experience (as well as well-controlled experi",{"id":977,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":978,"piName":14,"institution":979,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":980,"abstract":981},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759903","Data Justice: Understanding datafication in relation to social justice","CARDIFF UNIVERSITY","€1,383,920","This project explores the meaning of social justice in an age of datafication. It is premised on two significant developments: 1) the shift to a focus on the collection and processing of massive amounts of data across social life and 2) the increasing concern with the societal implications of such processes. Whilst initial concern with the technical ability to ‘datafy’ and collect information on ever-more social activity focused on surveillance and privacy, increasing emphasis is being placed on",{"id":983,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":984,"piName":14,"institution":737,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":985},"cordis-european-research-council-award-801655","Revealing the Epigenetic Regulatory Network with Single-Molecule Precision","Genes and genomic elements are packaged by chromatin structures that regulate their activity. The fundamental unit of chromatin is the nucleosome, composed of an octamer of histones. The large numbers of histone modifications, chromatin remodelers and transcription factors (TFs) that interact with our genome has fuelled speculation that multiple elements act combinatorially to direct specific outcomes. However, the field lacks technologies for detection and analysis of such combinations, thus im",{"id":987,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":988,"piName":14,"institution":989,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":990,"abstract":991},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757593","Artificial cell-cell interactions for light switchable cell organization and signaling","UNIVERSITAET MUENSTER","€1,937,000","The bottom-up assembly of tissue from cellular building blocks constitutes a promising, yet highly challenging approach to engineer complex tissues. The challenge lies in controlling cell-cell interactions, which determine how cells organize with respect to each other, how they work together and consequently whether such a multicellular architecture will be functional. The limited spatial and temporal control over cell-cell interactions current biological and chemical approaches provide severely",{"id":993,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":994,"piName":14,"institution":995,"country":467,"year":13,"amount":996,"abstract":997},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758580","The role of sleep in synaptic plasticity","VIB VZW","€1,706,250","Although we spend a third of our lives sleeping, the function of sleep remains mysterious. Studies considering neural networks, brain regions and behavior suggest the intriguing hypothesis that sleep is important for synaptic plasticity. However, as prior studies have conducted analyses using broad brain regions or circuit networks, the precise role of sleep in synaptic plasticity remains intensely debated. Progress in this area is hindered by the lack of a genetically-tractable system of sleep-",{"id":999,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1000,"piName":14,"institution":1001,"country":1002,"year":13,"amount":1003,"abstract":1004},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758161","The genetic basis of the convergent evolution of fungal multicellularity","HUN-REN SZEGEDI BIOLOGIAI KUTATOKOZPONT","HU","€1,486,500","The evolution of multicellularity (MC) has been one of the major transitions in the history of life. Despite immense interest in its evolutionary origins, the genomic changes leading to the emergence of MC, especially that of complex MC (differentiated 3-dimensional structures) are poorly known. Previous comparative genomics projects aiming to understand the genetic bases of MC in one way or another relied on gene content-based analyses. However, a pattern emerging from these studies is that gen",{"id":1006,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1007,"piName":14,"institution":819,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":1008},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757259","Memristive In-Memory Processing System","Our project aims to develop a new computer architecture that enables true in-memory processing based on a unit that can both store and process data using the same cells. This unit, called a memristive memory processing unit (mMPU), will substantially reduce the necessity to move data in computing systems, solving the two main bottlenecks exist in current computing systems, i.e., speed ('memory wall') and energy efficiency ('power wall'). Emerging memory technologies, namely memristive devices, a",{"id":1010,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1011,"piName":14,"institution":655,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":1012,"abstract":1013},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759677","Australasian Colonization Research: Origins of Seafaring to Sahul","€1,134,928","One of the most exciting research questions within archaeology is that of the peopling of Australasia by at least c.50,000 years ago. This represents some of the earliest evidence of modern human colonization outside Africa, yet, even at the greatest sea-level lowstand, this migration would have involved seafaring. It is the maritime nature of this dispersal which makes it so important to questions of technological, cognitive and social human development. These issues have traditionally been the",{"id":1015,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1016,"piName":14,"institution":1017,"country":460,"year":13,"amount":1018,"abstract":1019},"cordis-european-research-council-award-755865","Towards Understanding the Impact of Climate Change on Eurasian Boreal Forests: a Novel Stable Isotope Approach","LUONNONVARAKESKUS","€1,814,610","The vast boreal forests play a critical role in the carbon cycle. As a consequence of increasing temperature and atmospheric CO2, forest growth and subsequently carbon sequestration may be strongly affected. It is thus crucial to understand and predict the consequences of climate change on these ecosystems. Stable isotope analysis of tree rings represents a versatile archive where the effects of environmental changes are recorded. The main goal of the project is to obtain a better understanding ",{"id":1021,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1022,"piName":14,"institution":1023,"country":1024,"year":13,"amount":1025,"abstract":1026},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759926","Urban Metamorphosis of the community of a Medieval African capital city","UNIWERSYTET WARSZAWSKI","PL","€1,484,854","UMMA (Arab. أمة - community) is a multidisciplinary project aimed as the first study of the liminal phases of a Christian African community inhabiting Dongola, the capital city of of Makuria (modern Sudan). It will concern the twilight of Christian Dongola and the metamorphosis of its urban community into a new entity organised along different social and religious paradigms. The project will investigate the impact between the weakening of the central authority and migrations of Islamic Arab trib",{"id":1028,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1029,"piName":14,"institution":341,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":1030,"abstract":1031},"cordis-european-research-council-award-756301","Citizens exposed to dissimilar views in the media: investigating backfire effects","€1,499,384","In Europe, understanding and respect for those who hold different opinions are needed more than ever. In this context, exposure to dissimilar content in the media is crucial because encountering views that challenge one’s beliefs is hoped to foster tolerance. More and more scholars are interested in media diversity and more and more policymakers encourage citizens to see dissimilar views in the media. However, exposure to difference can also do harm, increasing conflict among citizens with diffe",{"id":1033,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1034,"piName":14,"institution":1035,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1036},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757699","What is Tuberculosis? Challenging the Current Paradigm of Tuberculosis Natural History using Mathematical Modelling Techniques","LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE ROYAL CHARTER","What is Tuberculosis (TB)? How does a person go from infection to disease, and what does this mean at the population level? For a disease that has caused over two billion deaths in human history, and is the biggest cause of death from an infection today, the natural history of TB remains stubbornly elusive. In this ERC award I will challenge current paradigms by exploring the implications of new empirical insights from basic science on our understanding of TB epidemiology and its control using m",{"id":1038,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1039,"piName":14,"institution":1040,"country":441,"year":13,"amount":1041,"abstract":1042},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758099","Islamic architecture and Orientalizing style in Habsburg Bosnia, 1878-1918","UNIVERSITAT WIEN","€1,257,973","The project highlights a grossly understudied experiment at the intersection of nineteenth-century European and Islamic architectural histories. It draws attention to a significant body of buildings designed by architects trained in Central Europe for use by Muslims in Habsburg-ruled Bosnia-Herzegovina (1878-1918). These buildings, many of which mosques, largely draw upon a traditional Islamic formal and functional typology. The composition and decoration of their facades, however, is the produc",{"id":1044,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1045,"piName":14,"institution":440,"country":441,"year":13,"amount":1046,"abstract":1047},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757951","‘Challenging Time(s)’ – A New Approach to Written Sources for Ancient Egyptian Chronology","€1,499,992","The chronology of ancient Egypt is a golden thread for the memory of early civilisation. It is not only the scaffolding of four millennia of Egyptian history, but also one of the pillars of the chronology of the entire ancient Near East and eastern Mediterranean. The basic division of Egyptian history into 31 dynasties was introduced by Manetho, an Egyptian historian (c. 280 BC) writing in Greek for the Ptolemaic kings. Despite the fact that this scheme was adopted by Egyptologists 200 years ago",{"id":1049,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1050,"piName":14,"institution":505,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":14,"abstract":1051},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759744","Perovskite Nanocrystal-Nanoreactors for Enhanced Light Emission","The unprecedented advancement of halide perovskite photovoltaics and light-emission applications has far outpaced the basic scientific research necessary to understand this fascinating yet perplexing material and to optimize material quality and device integration. Additionally, the intricate nature of the perovskite is susceptible to degradation from environmental stress, such as moisture and heat, currently deterring commercialization.This research project will realize a novel synthesis for pe",{"id":1053,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1054,"piName":14,"institution":1055,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":1056,"abstract":1057},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757275","Probabilistic Automated Numerical Analysis in Machine learning and Artificial intelligence","EBERHARD KARLS UNIVERSITAET TUEBINGEN","€1,450,000","Numerical tasks - integration, linear algebra, optimization, the solution of differential equations - form the computational basis of machine intelligence. Currently, human designers pick methods for these tasks from toolboxes. The generic algorithms assembled in such collections tend to be inefficient on any specific task, and can be unsafe when used incorrectly on problems they were not designed for. Research in numerical methods thus carries carries the potential for groundbreaking advancemen",{"id":1059,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1060,"piName":14,"institution":1061,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":1062,"abstract":1063},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759517","Protein nano-patterning using DNA nanotechnology; control of surface-based immune system activation","ACADEMISCH ZIEKENHUIS LEIDEN","€1,499,850","Protein nanopatterning concerns the geometric arrangement of individual proteins with nanometre accuracy. It is becoming apparent that protein nanopatterns are essential for cellular function, and have roles in cell signalling and protection, phagocytosis and stem cell differentiation. Recent research indicates that our immune system is activated by nanopatterned antibody platforms, which initiate the classical Complement pathway by binding to the first component of Complement, the C1 complex. D",{"id":1065,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1066,"piName":14,"institution":1067,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":1068,"abstract":1069},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759107","Understanding the Balbiani body: A super-organelle linked to dormancy in oocytes","FUNDACIO CENTRE DE REGULACIO GENOMICA","€1,381,286","Female germ cells, oocytes, are highly specialised cells. They ensure the continuity of species by providing the female genome and mitochondria along with most of the nutrients and housekeeping machinery the early embryo needs after fertilisation. Oocytes are remarkable in their ability to survive for long periods of time, up to 50 years in humans, and retain the ability to give rise to a young organism while other cells age and die. Surprisingly little is known about oocyte dormancy. A key feat",{"id":1071,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1072,"piName":14,"institution":1073,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":1074,"abstract":1075},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759457","Hidden Hunger, Forgotten Food","UNIVERSITY OF LANCASTER","€1,493,605","Food Security is a grand challenge of our time, but three factors inhibit our ability to meet global targets. First, interdisciplinary approaches incorporating ecological, social, and health sciences are fundamental, but lacking. Second, a disproportionate focus on food quantity overlooks ‘hidden hunger’, or micronutrient deficiencies, which are implicated in over a million deaths annually. Third, small-scale fisheries (SSF) reach 100s of millions of people in the developing world, hold potentia",{"id":1077,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1078,"piName":14,"institution":1079,"country":21,"year":13,"amount":1080,"abstract":1081},"cordis-european-research-council-award-803140","Targeted Experiment to Reconcile Increased Freshwater with Increased Convection","UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG","€1,999,909","The ocean Meridional Overturning Circulation (MOC) is  responsible for poleward heat transport, and deep storage of heat and carbon.  Climate models generally predict that a slowdown of the MOC will occur this century, with dramatic regional and global climate changes,  but how the slowdown will occur is subject to debate.  It is widely recognised that convection -- the downward limb of the MOC -- is sensitive to freshwater fluxes, and recent investigations have suggested that the increased melt",{"id":1083,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1084,"piName":14,"institution":382,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":1085,"abstract":1086},"cordis-european-research-council-award-758865","Functional Biointerface Elements via Biomicrofabrication","€1,486,938","Imagine in the future, bionic devices that can merge device and biology which can perform molecular sensing, simulate the functions of grown-organs in the lab, or even replace or improve parts of the organ as smart implants? Such bionic devices is set to transform a number of emerging fields, including synthetic biotechnology, regenerative medicine, and human-machine interfaces. Merging biology and man-made devices also mean that materials of vastly different properties need to be seamlessly int",{"id":1088,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1089,"piName":14,"institution":351,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":755,"abstract":1090},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757850","Dynamical Redesign of Biomolecular Networks","Enzymes created by Nature are still more selective and can be orders of magnitude more efficient than man-made catalysts, in spite of recent advances in the design of de novo catalysts and in enzyme redesign. The optimal engineering of either small molecular or of complex biological catalysts requires both (i) accurate quantitative computational methods capable of a priori assessing catalytic efficiency, and (ii) molecular design principles and corresponding algorithms to achieve, understand and",{"id":1092,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1093,"piName":14,"institution":426,"country":427,"year":13,"amount":1094,"abstract":1095},"cordis-european-research-council-award-804490","Beyond the Holocene Geomagnetic field resolution","€1,786,381","For decades the Holocene has been considered a flat and “boring” epoch from the standpoint ofpaleomagnetism, mainly due to insufficient resolution of the available paleomagnetic data. However, recentarchaeomagnetic data have revealed that the Holocene geomagnetic field is anything but stable – presentingpuzzling intervals of extreme decadal-scale fluctuations and unexpected departures from a simple dipolar fieldstructure. This new information introduced an entirely new paradigm to the study of t",{"id":1097,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1098,"piName":14,"institution":1099,"country":48,"year":13,"amount":1100,"abstract":1101},"cordis-european-research-council-award-759728","The Rules of Interpretation of Customary International Law","RIJKSUNIVERSITEIT GRONINGEN","€1,480,708","This ERC proposal revolves around the rules of interpretation of customary international law (CIL). CIL along with treaties are the rules most often used in international law. However, whereas rules of interpretation of treaties have been enshrined in Articles 31-33 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT), the rules of interpretation of CIL have not been the subject of critical study. This gap becomes even more pronounced if we consider that interpretation plays a key role in ever",{"id":1103,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1104,"piName":14,"institution":673,"country":166,"year":13,"amount":1105,"abstract":1106},"cordis-european-research-council-award-757526","Tropical Forest Degradation Experiment","€1,942,471","We know how to map tropical forest biomass using an array of satellite and aircraft sensors with reasonable accuracy (±15-40 %). However, we do not know how to map biomass change. Simply differencing existing biomass maps produces noisy and biased results, with confidence intervals unknowable using existing static field plots. Thus the potential for using plentiful free satellite data for biomass change mapping is being wasted.To solve this I propose setting up the first experimental arrays of b",{"id":1108,"funder":7,"programme":8,"title":1109,"piName":14,"institution":1110,"country":67,"year":13,"amount":142,"abstract":1111},"cordis-european-research-council-award-803092","Electrical control of magnetism in multiferroic 2D materials","UNIVERSITAT DE VALENCIA","The avenue of magnetism in the field of 2D materials has marked the ultimate milestone in the discovery of one-atom-thick classes of materials. Bulk ferromagnets and antiferomagnets now have their 2D counterparts and are at one’s provision for the realization of imagination-limited artificial layered structures. At the same time, this awaited breakthrough has brought in new conundrums that demand investigation. This project is driven by the exploration of the limits of van der Waals 2D magnets f",200,{"programme":8,"total":1114,"withPiName":1115,"firstYear":1116,"lastYear":1117,"countryCount":1118,"perYear":1119,"topInstitutions":1177,"topCountries":1246},7919,572,2008,2027,52,[1120,1122,1125,1128,1131,1134,1137,1140,1143,1146,1149,1151,1154,1157,1160,1163,1166,1169,1172,1175],{"year":1116,"count":1121},279,{"year":1123,"count":1124},2009,157,{"year":1126,"count":1127},2010,302,{"year":1129,"count":1130},2011,447,{"year":1132,"count":1133},2012,524,{"year":1135,"count":1136},2013,456,{"year":1138,"count":1139},2014,297,{"year":1141,"count":1142},2015,366,{"year":1144,"count":1145},2016,376,{"year":1147,"count":1148},2017,419,{"year":13,"count":1150},582,{"year":1152,"count":1153},2019,393,{"year":1155,"count":1156},2020,384,{"year":1158,"count":1159},2021,394,{"year":1161,"count":1162},2022,514,{"year":1164,"count":1165},2023,512,{"year":1167,"count":1168},2024,473,{"year":1170,"count":1171},2025,482,{"year":1173,"count":1174},2026,556,{"year":1117,"count":1176},6,[1178,1180,1183,1186,1188,1191,1193,1196,1199,1202,1205,1207,1210,1213,1216,1219,1222,1225,1227,1229,1232,1234,1237,1240,1243],{"name":1179,"count":1159},"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS",{"name":1181,"count":1182},"Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Wissenschaften Ev",175,{"name":1184,"count":1185},"University of Cambridge",129,{"name":1187,"count":1185},"University of Oxford",{"name":1189,"count":1190},"Hebrew University of Jerusalem",112,{"name":33,"count":1192},110,{"name":1194,"count":1195},"Tel Aviv University",107,{"name":1197,"count":1198},"Weizmann Institute of Science",104,{"name":1200,"count":1201},"Eidgenoessische Technische Hochschule Zuerich",87,{"name":1203,"count":1204},"Kobenhavns Universitet",85,{"name":1206,"count":1204},"Universiteit Gent",{"name":1208,"count":1209},"Universiteit van Amsterdam",84,{"name":1211,"count":1212},"École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne",83,{"name":1214,"count":1215},"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen",82,{"name":1217,"count":1218},"Institut National de la Sante Et de la Recherche Medicale",78,{"name":1220,"count":1221},"Universiteit Utrecht",76,{"name":1223,"count":1224},"Imperial College of Science Technology and Medicine",71,{"name":1226,"count":1224},"Katholieke Universiteit Leuven",{"name":1228,"count":1224},"Technische Universiteit Delft",{"name":1230,"count":1231},"Technion - Israel Institute of Technology",70,{"name":1233,"count":1231},"Technische Universitaet Muenchen",{"name":1235,"count":1236},"Universiteit Leiden",69,{"name":1238,"count":1239},"Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas",67,{"name":1241,"count":1242},"The University of Edinburgh",64,{"name":1244,"count":1245},"Helsingin Yliopisto",57,[1247,1249,1251,1253,1255,1256,1258,1260,1262,1264,1266,1268,1271,1273,1274,1276,1278,1280,1282,1284,1287,1289,1291,1293,1296],{"name":21,"count":1248},1346,{"name":166,"count":1250},1007,{"name":41,"count":1252},932,{"name":48,"count":1254},772,{"name":90,"count":1165},{"name":67,"count":1257},475,{"name":427,"count":1259},470,{"name":12,"count":1261},389,{"name":467,"count":1263},348,{"name":523,"count":1265},291,{"name":441,"count":1267},269,{"name":1269,"count":1270},"DK",189,{"name":460,"count":1272},137,{"name":434,"count":1192},{"name":377,"count":1275},108,{"name":711,"count":1277},92,{"name":34,"count":1279},68,{"name":1024,"count":1281},60,{"name":148,"count":1283},43,{"name":1285,"count":1286},"EL",41,{"name":27,"count":1288},36,{"name":1002,"count":1290},32,{"name":295,"count":1292},24,{"name":1294,"count":1295},"SI",14,{"name":1297,"count":1298},"EE",10]